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-{"en":"The textbook provides a comprehensive overview of partnership accounting.","translation":"يقدم الكتاب المدرسي نظرة عامة شاملة على محاسبة الشراكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Partnership accounts are essential for understanding business finances.","translation":"حسابات الشراكة ضرورية لفهم الشؤون المالية للشركات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book is designed for Class XII students.","translation":"الكتاب مصمم لطلاب الصف الثاني عشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This edition was published in January 2007.","translation":"نُشرت هذه الطبعة في يناير 2007.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) is the publisher.","translation":"المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي (NCERT) هو الناشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"All rights are reserved by the publisher.","translation":"جميع الحقوق محفوظة للناشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"No part of this publication may be reproduced without permission.","translation":"لا يجوز إعادة إنتاج أي جزء من هذا المنشور دون إذن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book is not to be lent or resold.","translation":"لا يجوز إعارة الكتاب أو إعادة بيعه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The correct price is printed on the page.","translation":"السعر الصحيح مطبوع على الصفحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The NCERT has several offices across India.","translation":"لدى NCERT عدة مكاتب في جميع أنحاء الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The publication team includes a Chief Editor and Chief Production Officer.","translation":"يشمل فريق النشر رئيس التحرير ورئيس الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book is printed on 80 GSM paper.","translation":"الكتاب مطبوع على ورق 80 جرام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The ISBN number is 81-7450-640-3.","translation":"رقم ISBN هو 81-7450-640-3.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Curriculum Framework (NCF) emphasizes linking school life to life outside school.","translation":"يؤكد إطار المنهج الوطني (NCF) على ربط الحياة المدرسية بالحياة خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The NCF aims to discourage rote learning.","translation":"يهدف NCF إلى تثبيط التعلم عن ظهر قلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook attempts to implement the NCF's ideas.","translation":"يحاول الكتاب المدرسي تنفيذ أفكار NCF.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Children generate new knowledge by engaging with information.","translation":"ينشئ الأطفال معرفة جديدة من خلال التعامل مع المعلومات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Creativity and initiative are important in learning.","translation":"الإبداع والمبادرة مهمان في التعلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The textbook provides opportunities for discussion and hands-on experience.","translation":"يوفر الكتاب المدرسي فرصًا للمناقشة والخبرة العملية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions for improvement.","translation":"ترحب NCERT بالتعليقات والاقتراحات للتحسين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet provides a snapshot of a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time.","translation":"توفر الميزانية العمومية لمحة سريعة عن أصول الشركة وخصومها وحقوق الملكية في نقطة زمنية محددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Interest on capital is a crucial aspect of partnership accounting, influencing profit distribution.","translation":"الفائدة على رأس المال هي جانب حاسم من محاسبة الشراكة، مما يؤثر على توزيع الأرباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Partners often agree on a profit-sharing ratio to divide the firm's earnings.","translation":"غالبًا ما يتفق الشركاء على نسبة تقسيم الأرباح لتقسيم أرباح الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The fluctuating capital method allows capital accounts to change based on transactions.","translation":"تسمح طريقة رأس المال المتقلب لحسابات رأس المال بالتغيير بناءً على المعاملات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A profit and loss appropriation account is used to allocate profits among partners.","translation":"يُستخدم حساب توزيع الأرباح والخسائر لتخصيص الأرباح بين الشركاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Drawings reduce the capital of a partner in a business.","translation":"تقلل المسحوبات من رأس مال الشريك في الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Fixed capital accounts remain relatively stable, with changes only for new investments or withdrawals.","translation":"تظل حسابات رأس المال الثابتة مستقرة نسبيًا، مع تغييرات فقط للاستثمارات أو السحوبات الجديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The partnership deed outlines the rules and regulations governing the partnership.","translation":"تحدد اتفاقية الشراكة القواعد واللوائح التي تحكم الشراكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Interest on drawings is charged to partners based on their withdrawals.","translation":"يتم فرض الفائدة على المسحوبات على الشركاء بناءً على مسحوباتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Salary to partners is often considered an expense in the profit and loss appropriation account.","translation":"غالبًا ما يُعتبر راتب الشركاء مصروفًا في حساب توزيع الأرباح والخسائر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Commission to partners is another form of compensation, similar to salary.","translation":"عمولة الشركاء هي شكل آخر من أشكال التعويض، على غرار الراتب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The proforma of the partner's capital account helps in organizing financial information.","translation":"يساعد النموذج الأولي لحساب رأس مال الشريك في تنظيم المعلومات المالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Understanding the distinction between fixed and fluctuating capital is essential for accurate accounting.","translation":"يعد فهم الفرق بين رأس المال الثابت والمتقلب أمرًا ضروريًا للمحاسبة الدقيقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The profit-sharing ratio determines how profits and losses are divided among partners.","translation":"تحدد نسبة تقسيم الأرباح كيفية تقسيم الأرباح والخسائر بين الشركاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A debit balance in a capital account can sometimes occur.","translation":"يمكن أن يحدث رصيد مدين في حساب رأس المال في بعض الأحيان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The profit and loss appropriation account is an extension of the profit and loss account.","translation":"حساب توزيع الأرباح والخسائر هو امتداد لحساب الأرباح والخسائر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Journal entries are used to record transactions in the accounting system.","translation":"تُستخدم إدخالات دفتر اليومية لتسجيل المعاملات في نظام المحاسبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Partners' capital accounts are affected by various transactions, including profits and losses.","translation":"تتأثر حسابات رأس مال الشركاء بمعاملات مختلفة، بما في ذلك الأرباح والخسائر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The calculation of interest on capital requires careful consideration of time periods.","translation":"يتطلب حساب الفائدة على رأس المال دراسة متأنية للفترات الزمنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The partnership agreement should clearly define the roles and responsibilities of each partner.","translation":"يجب ��ن تحدد اتفاقية الشراكة بوضوح أدوار ومسؤوليات كل شريك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"To form a partnership, there must be at least two persons.","translation":"لتشكيل شراكة، يجب أن يكون هناك شخصان على الأقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The agreement should be for carrying on some legal business.","translation":"يجب أن يكون الاتفاق من أجل ممارسة بعض الأعمال القانونية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If partnership deed is silent in respect of certain aspects, the relevant provisions of the Indian Partnership Act, 1932 become applicable.","translation":"إذا كان عقد الشراكة صامتًا فيما يتعلق بجوانب معينة، فإن الأحكام ذات الصلة من قانون الشراكة الهندي لعام 1932 تصبح سارية المفعول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Under fluctuating capital method, all the transactions relating to a partner are directly recorded in the capital account.","translation":"في ظل طريقة رأس المال المتقلب، يتم تسجيل جميع المعاملات المتعلقة بالشريك مباشرة في حساب رأس المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The distribution of profits among the partners is shown through a Profit and Loss Appropriation Account.","translation":"يتم إظهار توزيع الأرباح بين الشركاء من خلال حساب توزيع الأرباح والخسائر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sometimes, a partner may be guaranteed a minimum amount by way of his share in profits.","translation":"في بعض الأحيان، قد يُضمن للشريك مبلغًا أدنى كحصته من الأرباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If, after the final accounts have been prepared, some omission or commissions are noticed say in respect of the interest on capital, interest on drawings, partner’s salary, commission, etc. necessary adjustments can be made.","translation":"إذا لوحظ، بعد إعداد الحسابات النهائية، بعض الإغفالات أو العمولات، على سبيل المثال فيما يتعلق بالفائدة على رأس المال، والفائدة على المسحوبات، وراتب الشريك، والعمولة، وما إلى ذلك، يمكن إجراء التعديلات اللازمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Define Partnership Deed.","translation":"حدد عقد الشراكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why is it considered desirable to make the partnership agreement in writing?","translation":"لماذا يعتبر من المستحسن كتابة اتفاقية الشراكة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Explain its chief characteristics?","translation":"اشرح خصائصه الرئيسية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Discuss the main provisions of the Indian Partnership Act 1932 that are relevant to partnership accounts if there is no partnership deed.","translation":"ناقش الأحكام الرئيسية لقانون الشراكة الهندي لعام 1932 ذات الصلة بحسابات الشراكة إذا لم يكن هناك عقد شراكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Illustrate how interest on drawings will be calculated under various situations.","translation":"وضح كيفية حساب الفائدة على المسحوبات في ظل أوضاع مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How will you deal with a change in profit sharing ratio among existing partners?","translation":"كيف ستتعامل مع تغيير في نسبة توزيع الأرباح بين الشركاء الحاليين؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Triphati and Chauhan are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2.","translation":"تريبثي وتشوهان شريكان في شركة يتقاسمان الأرباح والخسائر بنسبة 3:2.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Prepare Partner’s capital/current accounts when, capitals are fixed.","translation":"قم بإعداد حسابات رأس المال/الحسابات الجارية للشريك عندما تكون رؤوس الأموال ثابتة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Anubha and Kajal are partners of a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2:1.","translation":"أنوبها وكاجال شريكان في شركة يتقاسمان الأرباح والخسائر بنسبة 2:1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Harshad and Dhiman are in partnership since April 01, 2019.","translation":"هارشاد وديمان في شراكة منذ 01 أبريل 2019.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You are required to settle the dispute between Harshad and Dhiman.","translation":"يُطلب منك تسوية النزاع بين هارشاد وديمان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Aakriti and Bindu entered into partnership for making garment on April 01, 2019 without any Partnership agreement.","translation":"دخلت أكريتي وبيندو في شراكة لصنع الملابس في 01 أبريل 2019 دون أي اتفاقية شراكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Rakhi and Shikha are partners in a firm, with capitals of Rs. 2,00,000 and Rs, 3,00,000 respectively.","translation":"راكي وشيخا شريكان في شركة، برأس مال قدره 2,00,000 روبية و 3,00,000 روبية على التوالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Interest on drawings is calculated to compensate the firm for the loss of use of funds.","translation":"يتم احتساب الفائدة على المسحوبات لتعويض الشركة عن خسارة استخدام الأموال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When a fixed amount is withdrawn at the end of each month, the average period is calculated as (11 + 0) / 2 = 5.5 months.","translation":"عندما يتم سحب مبلغ ثابت في نهاية كل شهر، يتم حساب متوسط الفترة على أنه (11 + 0) / 2 = 5.5 شهرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Satish withdrew Rs. 30,000 quarterly during the financial year 2016-2017.","translation":"سحب ساتيش 30,000 روبية كل ثلاثة أشهر خلال السنة المالية 2016-2017.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The interest can be calculated on the total amount withdrawn during the accounting year.","translation":"يمكن حساب الفائدة على المبلغ الإجمالي المسحوب خلال السنة المحاسبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If the amount is withdrawn at the beginning of each quarter, the interest is calculated for a period of seven and a half months.","translation":"إذا تم سحب المبلغ في بداية كل ربع سنة، يتم احتساب الفائدة لفترة سبعة أشهر ونصف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The product method is used when varying amounts are withdrawn at different intervals.","translation":"تُستخدم طريقة المنتج عندما يتم سحب مبالغ متفاوتة على فترات زمنية مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Calculate interest on drawings by the product method if the rate of interest is 7% per annum.","translation":"احسب الفائدة على المسحوبات بطريقة المنتج إذا كان معدل الفائدة 7٪ سنويًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"John Ibrahm withdrew money from his capital account for personal use.","translation":"سحب جون إبراهيم أموالًا من حسابه الرأسمالي للاستخدام الشخصي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"As a fixed amount of Rs. 3,000 per month is withdrawn at the beginning of the month, interest on drawings will be calculated for an average period of 6.5 months.","translation":"نظرًا لسحب مبلغ ثابت قدره 3,000 روبية شهريًا في بداية الشهر، سيتم احتساب الفائدة على المسحوبات لفترة متوسطها 6.5 شهرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Manu, Harry, and Ali are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses equally.","translation":"مانو وهاري وعلي شركاء في شركة يتقاسمون الأرباح والخسائر بالتساوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Calculate interest on drawings if the rate of interest to be charged is 10 per cent.","translation":"احسب الفائدة على المسحوبات إذا كان معدل الفائدة المراد تحصيله هو 10 بالمائة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Govind is a partner in a firm and withdrew various amounts during the year.","translation":"غوفيند شريك في شركة وسحب مبالغ مختلفة خلال العام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ram and Syam are partners sharing profits and losses equally.","translation":"رام وسيام شريكان يتقاسمان الأرباح والخسائر بالتساوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Verma and Kaul are partners in a firm with a partnership agreement.","translation":"فيرما وكاول شريكان في شركة ولديهما اتفاقية شراكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"When the total amount withdrawn is given but the dates of withdrawals are not specified, it is assumed that the amount was withdrawn evenly throughout the year.","translation":"عندما يُعطى المبلغ الإجمالي المسحوب ولكن لم يتم تحديد تواريخ السحوبات، يُفترض أن المبلغ قد تم سحبه بالتساوي على مدار العام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Shakila withdrew Rs. 60,000 from the partnership firm during the year.","translation":"سحبت شاكيلا 60,000 روبية من شركة الشراكة خلال العام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A partner may be admitted with a guarantee of a minimum amount of profit.","translation":"يجوز قبول شريك مع ضمان حد أدنى من الأرباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Madhulika and Rakshita are partners who decide to admit Kanishka into their firm.","translation":"مادهوليكا وراكشيتا شريكان يقرران قبول كانيشكا في شركتهما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The firm earned a profit of Rs. 1,20,000 during the year.","translation":"حققت الشركة ربحًا قدره 1,20,000 روبية خلال العام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mohit and Rohan share profits and losses in the ratio of 2:1.","translation":"يتقاسم موهيت وروهان الأرباح والخسائر بنسبة 2:1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The terms of the partnership agreement state that Chintu must receive a minimum of Rs. 60,000, regardless of the firm's profits.","translation":"تنص شروط اتفاقية الشراكة على أنه يجب على شينتو الحصول على ما لا يقل عن 60000 روبية، بغض النظر عن أرباح الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Any shortfall to Chintu due to this guarantee will be covered by Arun.","translation":"يجب على أرون تغطية أي نقص في مدفوعات شينتو بسبب هذا الضمان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Prepare the Profit and Loss Appropriation Account to show the distribution of profits among the partners.","translation":"قم بإعداد حساب توزيع الأرباح والخسائر لإظهار توزيع الأرباح بين الشركاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The profits for the year 2015 were Rs. 2,50,000.","translation":"بلغت أرباح عام 2015 مبلغ 2,50,000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The profits for the year 2015 were Rs. 3,60,000.","translation":"بلغت أرباح عام 2015 مبلغ 3,60,000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ashok, Brijesh, and Cheena are partners sharing profits and losses in a 2:2:1 ratio.","translation":"أشوك وبريجش وشينا شركاء يتقاسمون الأرباح والخسائر بنسبة 2:2:1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ashok and Brijesh guaranteed that Cheena's share in any year would be Rs. 20,000.","translation":"ضمن أشوك وبريجش أن حصة شينا في أي عام ستكون 20000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The net profit for the year ended March 31, 2017, was Rs. 70,000.","translation":"بلغ صافي الربح للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2017 مبلغ 70000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ram, Mohan, and Sohan are partners with capitals of Rs. 5,00,000, Rs. 2,50,000, and Rs. 2,00,000 respectively.","translation":"رام وموهان وسوهان شركاء برؤوس أموال تبلغ 5,00,000 روبية و 2,50,000 روبية و 2,00,000 روبية على التوالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"After providing interest on capital @ 10% p.a., the profits are divisible as follows: Ram 1/2, Mohan 1/3, and Sohan 1/6.","translation":"بعد توفير الفائدة على رأس المال بمعدل 10٪ سنويًا، يتم تقسيم الأرباح على النحو التالي: رام 1/2، وموهان 1/3، وسوهان 1/6.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Ram and Mohan guaranteed that Sohan’s share in the profit shall not be less than Rs. 25,000 in any year.","translation":"ضمن رام وموهان أن حصة سوهان من الأرباح لن تقل عن 25000 روبية في أي عام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The net profit for the year ended March 31, 2017, is Rs. 2,00,000, before charging interest on capital.","translation":"بلغ صافي الربح للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2017 مبلغ 2,00,000 روبية، قبل احتساب الفائدة على رأس المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Amit, Babita, and Sona form a partnership firm, sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2:1.","translation":"يشكل أميت وبابيتا وسونا شركة شراكة، يتقاسمون الأرباح بنسبة 3:2:1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Sona’s share in the profits is guaranteed to be not less than Rs. 15,000 in any year.","translation":"يُضمن أن حصة سونا من الأرباح لا تقل عن 15000 روبية في أي عام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Babita guaranteed that her gross fee earned for the firm shall be equal to her average gross fee of the preceding five years.","translation":"ضمنت بابيتا أن إجمالي الرسوم التي كسبتها للشركة يجب أن يساوي متوسط إجمالي الرسوم الخاصة بها على مدار السنوات الخمس السابقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The net profit for the year ended March 31, 2017, is Rs. 75,000.","translation":"بلغ صافي الربح للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2017 مبلغ 75000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The gross fee earned by Babita for the firm was Rs. 16,000.","translation":"بلغ إجمالي الرسوم التي كسبتها بابيتا للشركة 16000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The net profit of X, Y, and Z for the year ended March 31, 2020, was Rs. 60,000.","translation":"بلغ صافي ربح X و Y و Z للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2020 مبلغ 60000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The profit was distributed among them in their agreed ratio of 3:1:1.","translation":"تم توزيع الربح بينهم بالنسب المتفق عليها وهي 3:1:1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It was subsequently discovered that certain transactions were not recorded in the books.","translation":"اكتُشف لاحقًا أن بعض المعاملات لم يتم تسجيلها في الدفاتر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company's financial statements must adhere to accounting standards.","translation":"يجب أن تلتزم البيانات المالية للشركة بمعايير المحاسبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Goodwill is an intangible asset that represents the value of a company's brand and reputation.","translation":"الشهرة هي أصل غير ملموس يمثل قيمة علامة الشركة وسمعتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rahul brought capital into the partnership.","translation":"جلب راهول رأس المال إلى الشراكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The journal entries record the financial transactions of the business.","translation":"تسجل قيود اليومية المعاملات المالية للشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The partners agreed to share profits and losses equally.","translation":"اتفق الشركاء على تقاسم الأرباح والخسائر بالتساوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet shows the assets, liabilities, and equity of a company at a specific point in time.","translation":"تُظهر الميزانية العمومية أصول الشركة وخصومها وحقوق الملكية في نقطة زمنية محددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The new partner's capital contribution was significant.","translation":"كانت مساهمة رأس مال الشريك الجديد كبيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The firm's goodwill was valued at a considerable amount.","translation":"تم تقييم شهرة الشركة بمبلغ كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The accounting standard AS 26 deals with intangible assets.","translation":"يتعامل معيار المحاسبة AS 26 مع الأصول غير الملموسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The partners decided to revalue the assets of the firm.","translation":"قرر الشركاء إعادة تقييم أصول الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The profit and loss account reflects the financial performance of the business.","translation":"يعكس حساب الأرباح والخسائر الأداء المالي للشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The new partner was admitted to the partnership.","translation":"تم قبول الشريك الجديد في الشراكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The firm's capital was adjusted according to the new profit-sharing ratio.","translation":"تم تعديل رأس مال الشركة وفقًا لنسبة تقسيم الأرباح الجديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The accumulated profits were distributed among the partners.","translation":"تم توزيع الأرباح المتراكمة بين الشركاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The value of the stock was reduced due to obsolescence.","translation":"تم تخفيض قيمة المخزون بسبب التقادم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The provision for doubtful debts was created to account for potential losses.","translation":"تم إنشاء مخصص للديون المشكوك فيها لحساب الخسائر المحتملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The partners' capital accounts were prepared accurately.","translation":"تم إعداد حسابات رأس مال الشركاء بدقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The revaluation account showed a net gain.","translation":"أظهر حساب إعادة التقييم ربحًا صافيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet was prepared after the admission of the new partner.","translation":"تم إعداد الميزانية العمومية بعد قبول الشريك الجديد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The goodwill was written off in the old profit-sharing ratio.","translation":"تم شطب الشهرة بنسبة تقسيم الأرباح القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company's financial statements must be audited annually.","translation":"يجب مراجعة البيانات المالية للشركة سنويًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cash brought in by D as Capital.","translation":"النقدية التي جلبها D كرأس مال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet shows the financial position of a company at a specific point in time.","translation":"تُظهر الميزانية العمومية الوضع المالي للشركة في نقطة زمنية محددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Goodwill is an intangible asset representing the value of a company's brand and reputation.","translation":"الشهرة هي أصل غير ملموس يمثل قيمة علامة الشركة وسمعتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The partners agreed to share profits and losses in a 2:1 ratio.","translation":"اتفق الشركاء على تقاسم الأرباح والخسائر بنسبة 2:1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Depreciation is the decrease in the value of an asset over time.","translation":"الاستهلاك هو انخفاض قيمة الأصل بمرور الوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The journal entries record all financial transactions.","translation":"تسجل قيود اليومية جميع المعاملات المالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company's liabilities include accounts payable and loans.","translation":"تشمل التزامات الشركة حسابات الدفع والقروض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The revaluation account reflects changes in the value of assets and liabilities.","translation":"يعكس حساب إعادة التقييم التغييرات في قيمة الأصول والخصوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The new partner brought in capital and goodwill.","translation":"أحضر الشريك الجديد رأس المال والشهرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The firm's profits were distributed among the partners.","translation":"تم توزيع أرباح الشركة بين الشركاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet was prepared after the admission of the new partner.","translation":"تم إعداد الميزانية العمومية بعد قبول الشريك الجديد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The partners' capital accounts were adjusted to reflect the new profit-sharing ratio.","translation":"تم تعديل حسابات رأس مال الشركاء لتعكس نسبة توزيع الأرباح الجديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company's financial performance improved significantly this year.","translation":"تحسن الأداء المالي للشركة بشكل كبير هذا العام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The economic outlook remains uncertain due to global events.","translation":"لا تزال التوقعات الاقتصادية غير مؤكدة بسبب الأحداث العالمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government announced new measures to stimulate the economy.","translation":"أعلنت الحكومة عن تدابير جديدة لتحفيز الاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The stock market experienced a sharp decline yesterday.","translation":"شهد سوق الأسهم انخفاضًا حادًا أمس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company is investing heavily in research and development.","translation":"تستثمر الشركة بكثافة في البحث والتطوير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The CEO addressed the shareholders at the annual meeting.","translation":"خاطب الرئيس التنفيذي المساهمين في الاجتماع السنوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The project was completed on time and within budget.","translation":"اكتمل المشروع في الوقت المحدد وفي حدود الميزانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The firm that enjoys special advantages like import licences, low rate and assured supply of electricity, etc. enjoy higher value of goodwill.","translation":"الشركة التي تتمتع بمزايا خاصة مثل تراخيص الاستيراد، وانخفاض معدل وتوريد الكهرباء المضمون، وما إلى ذلك، تتمتع بقيمة أعلى من الشهرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Goodwill is an intangible asset, making it difficult to accurately calculate its value.","translation":"الشهرة هي أصل غير ملموس، مما يجعل من الصعب حساب قيمتها بدقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Various methods have been advocated for the valuation of goodwill of a partnership firm.","translation":"تمت الدعوة إلى طرق مختلفة لتقييم شهرة شركة الشراكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The average profits method values goodwill at an agreed number of years' purchase of the average profits.","translation":"تقدر طريقة متوسط الأرباح الشهرة بعدد متفق عليه من سنوات شراء متوسط الأرباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A new business will not be able to earn any profits during the first few years of its operations.","translation":"لن تتمكن شركة جديدة من تحقيق أي أرباح خلال السنوات القليلة الأولى من عملياتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The goodwill should be calculated by multiplying the past average profits by the number of years during which the anticipated profits are expected to accrue.","translation":"يجب حساب الشهرة بضرب متوسط الأرباح السابقة في عدد السنوات التي من المتوقع أن تتراكم خلالها الأرباح المتوقعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"If the past average profits of a business works out at Rs. 20,000 and it is expected that such profits are likely to continue for another three years, the value of goodwill will be Rs. 60,000.","translation":"إذا تبين أن متوسط الأرباح السابقة لشركة ما يبلغ 20000 روبية، ومن المتوقع أن تستمر هذه الأرباح لمدة ثلاث سنوات أخرى، فإن قيمة الشهرة ستكون 60000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Sometimes, if there exists an increasing or decreasing trend, it is considered to be better to give a higher weightage to the profits to the recent years than those of the earlier years.","translation":"في بعض الأحيان، إذا كان هناك اتجاه متزايد أو متناقص، فمن الأفضل إعطاء وزن أعلى للأرباح في السنوات الأخيرة من تلك السنوات السابقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Weighted average should be used only if specified.","translation":"يجب استخدام المتوسط المرجح فقط إذا تم تحديده.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The basic assumption in the average profits method of calculating goodwill is that if a new business is set up, it will not be able to earn any profits during the first few years of its operations.","translation":"الافتراض الأساسي في طريقة متوسط الأرباح لحساب الشهرة هو أنه إذا تم إنشاء شركة جديدة، فلن تتمكن من تحقيق أي أرباح خلال السنوات القليلة الأولى من عملياتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The buyer’s real benefit does not lie in total profits; it is limited to such amounts of profits which are in excess of the normal return on capital employed in similar business.","translation":"لا تكمن الفائدة الحقيقية للمشتري في إجمالي الأرباح؛ بل تقتصر على تلك المبالغ من الأرباح التي تزيد عن العائد الطبيعي على رأس المال المستخدم في الأعمال المماثلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The excess of actual profits over the normal profits is termed as super profits.","translation":"يُطلق على فائض الأرباح الفعلية على الأرباح العادية اسم الأرباح الفائقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Normal Profit = Firm’s Capital × Normal Rate of Return / 100","translation":"الأرباح العادية = رأس مال الشركة × معدل العائد الطبيعي / 100","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The goodwill under the super profit method is ascertained by multiplying the super profits by certain number of years’ purchase.","translation":"يتم التأكد من الشهرة بموجب طريقة الأرباح الفائقة عن طريق ضرب الأرباح الفائقة بعدد معين من سنوات الشراء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Calculate the normal profit on the firm’s capital on the basis of the normal rate of return.","translation":"احسب الربح العادي على رأس مال الشركة على أساس معدل العائد الطبيعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Goodwill can also be ascertained by capitalising the super profit directly.","translation":"يمكن أيضًا التأكد من الشهرة عن طريق رسملة الربح الفائق مباشرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The incoming partner who acquires his share in the profits of the firm from the existing partners brings in additional amount to compensate them for loss of their share in super profits.","translation":"الشريك الجديد الذي يحصل على حصته في أرباح الشركة من الشركاء الحاليين يجلب مبلغًا إضافيًا لتعويضهم عن خسارة حصتهم في الأرباح الفائقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The amount of premium brought in by the new partner is shared by the existing partners in their ratio of sacrifice.","translation":"يتم تقسيم مبلغ العلاوة الذي يجلبها الشريك الجديد بين الشركاء الحاليين بنسبة تضحيتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If this amount is paid to the old partners directly (privately) by the new partner, no entry is passed in the books of the firm.","translation":"إذا تم دفع هذا المبلغ للشركاء القدامى مباشرة (بشكل خاص) من قبل الشريك الجديد، فلن يتم إدخال أي قيد في دفاتر الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When goodwill already exists in books: Goodwill, if existing in the books of the firm, it is written off at the time of admission of a partner.","translation":"عندما توجد الشهرة بالفعل في الدفاتر: الشهرة، إذا كانت موجودة في دفاتر الشركة، يتم شطبها في وقت قبول الشريك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. They decide to admit C into partnership with 1/4 share in profits.","translation":"أ و ب شريكان في شركة يتقاسمان الأرباح والخسائر بنسبة 3:2. قررا قبول ج في الشراكة بحصة 1/4 من الأرباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"C will bring in Rs. 30,000 for capital and the requisite amount of goodwill premium in cash.","translation":"سيجلب ج مبلغ 30,000 روبية كرأس مال والمبلغ المطلوب من علاوة الشهرة نقدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The goodwill of the firm is valued at Rs, 20,000.","translation":"تم تقييم شهرة الشركة بمبلغ 20,000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The new profit sharing ratio is 2:1:1.","translation":"نسبة تقسيم الأرباح الجديدة هي 2:1:1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A and B withdraw their share of goodwill.","translation":"يسحب أ و ب حصتهما من الشهرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Give necessary journal entries?","translation":"أعطِ قيود اليومية اللازمة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Arti and Bharti are partners in a firm sharing profits in 3:2 ratio, They admitted Sarthi for 1/4 share in the profits of the firm.","translation":"آرتي وبهارتي شريكان في شركة يتقاسمان الأرباح بنسبة 3:2، قبلا سارثي بحصة 1/4 من أرباح الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sarthi brings Rs. 50,000 for his capital and Rs. 10,000 for his 1/4 share of goodwill.","translation":"يجلب سارثي 50,000 روبية لرأس ماله و 10,000 روبية لحصته البالغة 1/4 من الشهرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Goodwill already appears in the books of Arti and Bharti at Rs. 5,000.","translation":"تظهر الشهرة بالفعل في دفاتر آرتي وبهارتي بمبلغ 5,000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The new profit sharing ratio between Arti, Bharti and Sarthi will be 2:1:1.","translation":"ستكون نسبة تقسيم الأرباح الجديدة بين آرتي وبهارتي وسارثي 2:1:1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Record the necessary journal entries in the books of the new firm?","translation":"سجل قيود اليومية اللازمة في دفاتر الشركة الجديدة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"X and Y are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in 4:3 ratio. They admitted Z for 1/8 share.","translation":"X و Y شريكان في شركة يتقاسمان الأرباح والخسائر بنسبة 4:3. قبلا Z بحصة 1/8.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Z brought Rs. 20,000 for his capital and Rs. 7,000 for his 1/8 share of goodwill.","translation":"جلب Z مبلغ 20,000 روبية لرأس ماله و 7,000 روبية لحصته البالغة 1/8 من الشهرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Goodwill already appears in the books at Rs. 40,000.","translation":"تظهر الشهرة بالفعل في الدفاتر بمبلغ 40,000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Show necessary journal entries in the books of X, Y and Z?","translation":"أظهر قيود اليومية اللازمة في دفاتر X و Y و Z؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Aditya and Balan are partners sharing profits and losses in 3:2 ratio. They admitted Christopher for 1/4 share in the profits.","translation":"أديتيا وبالان شريكان يتقاسمان الأرباح والخسائر بنسبة 3:2. قبلا كريستوفر بحصة 1/4 من الأرباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The new profit sharing ratio agreed was 2:1:1.","translation":"كانت نسبة تقسيم الأرباح الجديدة المتفق عليها 2:1:1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Christopher brought Rs. 50,000 for his capital. His share of goodwill was agreed to at Rs. 15,000.","translation":"جلب كريستوفر 50,000 روبية لرأس ماله. تم الاتفاق على حصته من الشهرة بمبلغ 15,000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Christopher could bring only Rs. 10,000 out of his share of goodwill.","translation":"لم يتمكن كريستوفر من جلب سوى 10,000 روبية من حصته من الشهرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Record necessary journal entries in the books of the firm?","translation":"سجل قيود اليومية اللازمة في دفاتر الشركة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Calculate the gaining ratio in each of the above situations.","translation":"احسب نسبة المكسب في كل من الحالات المذكورة أعلاه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Anu, Prabha and Milli are partners. Anu retires.","translation":"أنا وبرابها وميلي شركاء. تتقاعد آنو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Calculate the future profit sharing ratio of continuing partners and gaining ratio if they agree to acquire her share : (a) in the ratio of 5:3; (b) equally.","translation":"احسب نسبة تقاسم الأرباح المستقبلية للشركاء المستمرين ونسبة المكسب إذا وافقوا على الاستحواذ على حصتها: (أ) بنسبة 5:3؛ (ب) بالتساوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Rahul, Robin and Rajesh are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2 : 1.","translation":"راهول وروبن وراجيش شركاء يتقاسمون الأرباح بنسبة 3: 2: 1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Calculate the new profit sharing ratio of the remaining partners if (i) Rahul retires; (ii) Robin retires; (iii) Rajesh retires.","translation":"احسب نسبة تقاسم الأرباح الجديدة للشركاء المتبقين إذا (1) تقاعد راهول؛ (2) تقاعد روبن؛ (3) تقاعد راجيش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Puja, Priya, Pratistha are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 2.","translation":"بوجا وبريا وبراتيستا شركاء يتقاسمون الأرباح والخسائر بنسبة 5: 3: 2.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Priya retires. Her share is taken by Priya and Pratistha in the ratio of 2 : 1.","translation":"تتقاعد بريا. تأخذ بريا وبراتيستا حصتها بنسبة 2: 1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Calculate the new profit sharing ratio.","translation":"احسب نسبة تقاسم الأرباح الجديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ashok, Anil and Ajay are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 1 3 , 2 10 and 1 5 .","translation":"أشوك وأنيال وأجاي شركاء يتقاسمون الأرباح والخسائر بنسبة 1 3 ، 2 10 و 1 5.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Anil retires from the firm.","translation":"أنيال يتقاعد من الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ashok and Ajay decide to share future profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2.","translation":"يقرر أشوك وأجاي تقاسم الأرباح والخسائر المستقبلية بنسبة 3: 2.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Calculate the gaining ratio.","translation":"احسب نسبة المكسب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The retiring or deceased partner is entitled to his share of goodwill at the time of retirement/death because the goodwill has been earned by the firm with the efforts of all the existing partners.","translation":"يحق للشريك المتقاعد أو المتوفى الحصول على حصته من الشهرة في وقت التقاعد / الوفاة لأن الشهرة قد اكتسبتها الشركة بجهود جميع الشركاء الحاليين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Hence, at the time of retirement/death of a partner, goodwill is valued as per agreement among the partners the retiring/ deceased partner compensated for his share of goodwill by the continuing partners (who have gained due to acquisition of share of profit from the retiring/ deceased partner) in their gaining ratio.","translation":"وبالتالي ، في وقت تقاعد / وفاة الشريك ، يتم تقييم الشهرة وفقًا للاتفاق بين الشركاء ، ويتم تعويض الشريك المتقاعد / المتوفى عن حصته من الشهرة من قبل الشركاء المستمرين (الذين اكتسبوا بسبب الحصول على حصة من الربح من الشريك المتقاعد / المتوفى) في نسبة مكسبهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The accounting treatment for goodwill in such a situation depends upon whether or, not goodwill already appears in the books of the firm.","translation":"تعتمد المعالجة المحاسبية للشهرة في مثل هذه الحالة على ما إذا كانت الشهرة تظهر بالفعل في دفاتر الشركة أم لا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When goodwill does not appear in the books of the firm, credit is given to the retiring partner for the share in goodwill by debiting the goodwill account to gaining partners capital accounts (individually) in their gaining ratio.","translation":"عندما لا تظهر الشهرة في دفاتر الشركة ، يتم منح الائتمان للشريك المتقاعد مقابل حصته في الشهرة عن طريق خصم حساب الشهرة لحسابات رأس مال الشركاء المستفيدين (بشكل فردي) في نسبة مكسبهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The journal entry is : Gaining Partners Capital A/c Dr. (Individually) To Retiring Partners Capital A/c (Share in goodwill of retiring partner adjusted)","translation":"قيد اليومية هو: حساب رأس مال الشركاء المستفيدين د. (بشكل فردي) إلى حساب رأس مال الشركاء المتقاعدين (الحصة في الشهرة للشريك المتقاعد معدلة)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Let us take an example to understand the treatment of goodwill.","translation":"دعنا نأخذ مثالاً لفهم معالجة الشهرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A, B and C are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2:1 B retired and the value of goodwill of the firm in valued at Rs. 60,000.","translation":"أ ، ب ، ج شركاء في شركة يتقاسمون الأرباح بنسبة 3: 2: 1. تقاعد ب وتم تقييم قيمة الشهرة للشركة بمبلغ 60000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A and C continue the business sharing profits in the ratio of 3:1.","translation":"يواصل أ و ج العمل ويتقاسمان الأرباح بنسبة 3: 1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Due to unavoidable circumstances, Ajay decided to retire from the partnership.","translation":"بسبب ظروف قاهرة، قرر أجاى التقاعد من الشراكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet showed assets and liabilities.","translation":"أظهرت الميزانية العمومية الأصول والخصوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Goodwill was valued at Rs. 1,48,000.","translation":"تم تقييم الشهرة بمبلغ 1,48,000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Stock was valued at Rs. 72,000.","translation":"تم تقييم المخزون بمبلغ 72,000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Vijay brought in additional capital.","translation":"جلب فيجاي رأس مال إضافي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ajay was paid Rs. 97,200 in cash.","translation":"تم دفع 97,200 روبية نقدًا لأجاى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The balance was transferred to his Loan Account.","translation":"تم تحويل الرصيد إلى حساب القرض الخاص به.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Suresh retires on June 30, 2017.","translation":"تقاعد سوريش في 30 يونيو 2017.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Furniture and fittings were valued at Rs. 80,000.","translation":"تم تقييم الأثاث والتجهيزات بمبلغ 80,000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Profit share of Suresh was calculated.","translation":"تم حساب حصة سوريش من الأرباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"An amount of Rs. 10,000 was doubtful.","translation":"كان مبلغ 10,000 روبية مشكوكًا فيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Goodwill of the firm was valued at Rs. 2,00,000.","translation":"تم تقييم شهرة الشركة بمبلغ 2,00,000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Suresh was paid Rs. 40,000 immediately.","translation":"تم دفع 40,000 روبية لسوريش على الفور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ashish and Lokesh shared future profits.","translation":"تقاسم أشييش ولوكيش الأرباح المستقبلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Prepare Revaluation Account.","translation":"إعداد حساب إعادة التقييم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The gaining ratio was 1:2.","translation":"كانت نسبة المكسب 1:2.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Gagan decided to retire.","translation":"قرر غاغان التقاعد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Goodwill was valued at Rs. 70,000.","translation":"تم تقييم الشهرة بمبلغ 70,000 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Record journal entries.","translation":"تسجيل قيود اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The new firm's balance sheet was prepared.","translation":"تم إعداد الميزانية العمومية للشركة الجديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The firm's assets will first be used to pay off its debts.","translation":"سيتم استخدام أصول الشركة أولاً لسداد ديونها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Partners' private property is used to pay their personal debts.","translation":"تُستخدم الممتلكات الخاصة للشركاء لسداد ديونهم الشخصية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If a partner cannot cover their capital account deficit, it's a loss for the firm.","translation":"إذا لم يتمكن الشريك من تغطية عجز حسابه الرأسمالي، فهذه خسارة للشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Garner vs. Murray case sets the rules for how losses are shared.","translation":"تحدد قضية غارنر ضد موراي قواعد كيفية تقاسم الخسائر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A Realisation Account is used to calculate profit or loss from selling assets and paying liabilities.","translation":"يُستخدم حساب التحصيل لحساب الربح أو الخسارة من بيع الأصول وسداد الالتزامات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"All assets except cash and fictitious assets are transferred to the Realisation Account.","translation":"يتم تحويل جميع الأصول باستثناء النقد والأصول الوهمية إلى حساب التحصيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"External liabilities are transferred to the credit side of the Realisation Account.","translation":"يتم تحويل الالتزامات الخارجية إلى الجانب الدائن من حساب التحصيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The profit or loss from the Realisation Account is transferred to the partners' capital accounts.","translation":"يتم تحويل الربح أو الخسارة من حساب التحصيل إلى حسابات رأس مال الشركاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When a partner takes over an asset, their capital account is debited.","translation":"عندما يتولى الشريك أصلًا، يتم خصم حساب رأس ماله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If a creditor accepts an asset in full settlement, no journal entry is needed.","translation":"إذا قبل الدائن أصلًا في تسوية كاملة، فلا حاجة إلى إدخال دفتر اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Realisation expenses paid by the firm are debited to the Realisation Account.","translation":"يتم خصم مصاريف التحصيل التي تدفعها الشركة على حساب التحصيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The accumulated profits and reserves are transferred to the partners' capital accounts.","translation":"يتم تحويل الأرباح والاحتياطيات المتراكمة إلى حسابات رأس مال الشركاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Partner's capital accounts are closed through the Bank Account.","translation":"يتم إغلاق حسابات رأس مال الشركاء من خلال الحساب المصرفي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet shows the financial position of the firm.","translation":"تُظهر الميزانية العمومية الوضع المالي للشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Journal entries are crucial for recording financial transactions.","translation":"إدخالات دفتر اليومية ضرورية لتسجيل المعاملات المالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Assets are transferred to the Realisation Account at their book values.","translation":"يتم تحويل الأصول إلى حساب التحصيل بقيمتها الدفترية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Liabilities are transferred to the Realisation Account.","translation":"يتم تحويل الالتزامات إلى حساب التحصيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The sale of assets is recorded in the Bank Account.","translation":"يتم تسجيل بيع الأصول في الحساب المصرفي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The final settlement with partners involves the Bank Account.","translation":"تتضمن التسوية النهائية مع الشركاء الحساب المصرفي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The dissolution process requires careful accounting.","translation":"تتطلب عملية الحل محاسبة دقيقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accountancy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The capital of his credit at the date of last Balance Sheet will be paid out.","translation":"سيتم دفع رأس المال المستحق له في تاريخ آخر ميزانية عمومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"His proportion of reserves at the date of last Balance Sheet will be paid out.","translation":"سيتم دفع حصته من الاحتياطيات في تاريخ آخر ميزانية عمومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"His proportion of profits to the date of death based on the average profits of the last three completed years, plus 10%, will be paid out.","translation":"سيتم دفع حصته من الأرباح حتى تاريخ الوفاة بناءً على متوسط أرباح السنوات الثلاث الأخيرة المكتملة، بالإضافة إلى 10%.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"By way of goodwill, his proportion of the total profits for the three preceding years will be paid out.","translation":"على سبيل الشهرة، سيتم دفع حصته من إجمالي الأرباح للسنوات الثلاث السابقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Rakesh died on April 1, 2015.","translation":"توفي راكيش في 1 أبريل 2015.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He had withdrawn Rs.5,000 to the date of his death.","translation":"كان قد سحب 5000 روبية حتى تاريخ وفاته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The investments were sold at par and R’s Executors were paid off.","translation":"تم بيع الاستثمارات بسعر التعادل وتم سداد مستحقات ورثة راكيش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Prepare Rakesh’s Capital Account that of his executors.","translation":"قم بإعداد حساب رأس مال راكيش وحساب ورثته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"New profit sharing ratio is the ratio in which the remaining partner will share future profits after the retirement or death of any partner.","translation":"نسبة تقسيم الأرباح الجديدة هي النسبة التي سيشارك فيها الشريك المتبقي الأرباح المستقبلية بعد تقاعد أو وفاة أي شريك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Gaining ratio is the ratio in which the continuing partners have acquired the share from the retiring deceased partner.","translation":"نسبة المكسب هي النسبة التي حصل بها الشركاء المستمرون على الحصة من الشريك المتوفى المتقاعد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The basic rule is that gaining partner(s) shared compensate the sacrificing partner to the extent of their gain for the respective share of goodwill.","translation":"القاعدة الأساسية هي أن الشريك (الشركاء) الكاسبين يعوضون الشريك المتنازل عن مكسبهم للحصة المعنية من الشهرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"If goodwill already appears in the books, it will be written off by debiting all partner’s capital account in their old profit sharing ratio.","translation":"إذا ظهرت الشهرة بالفعل في الدفاتر، فسيتم شطبها عن طريق خصم حساب رأس مال جميع الشركاء بنسبة تقسيم الأرباح القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"At the time of retirement/death of a partner, there may be some assets which may not have been shown at their current values.","translation":"في وقت تقاعد/وفاة الشريك، قد تكون هناك بعض الأصول التي ربما لم يتم إظهارها بقيمتها الحالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Similarly, there may be certain liabilities which have been shown at a value different from the obligation to be met by the firm.","translation":"وبالمثل، قد تكون هناك بعض الالتزامات التي تم إظهارها بقيمة مختلفة عن الالتزام الذي يجب على الشركة الوفاء به.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Besides this, there may be unrecorded assets and liabilities which have to be recorded.","translation":"إلى جانب ذلك، قد تكون هناك أصول وخصوم غير مسجلة يجب تسجيلها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The reserves (Accumulated profits) or losses belong to all the partners and should be transferred to capital account of all partners.","translation":"الاحتياطيات (الأرباح المتراكمة) أو الخسائر تخص جميع الشركاء ويجب تحويلها إلى حساب رأس مال جميع الشركاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Retiring partner/deceased partner may be paid in one lump sum or installments with interest.","translation":"يجوز دفع الشريك المتقاعد/الشريك المتوفى دفعة واحدة أو أقساط مع الفائدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At the time of retirement/death of a partner, the remaining partner may decide to keep their capital contributions in their profit sharing ratio.","translation":"في وقت تقاعد/وفاة الشريك، يجوز للشريك المتبقي أن يقرر الاحتفاظ بمساهماته الرأسمالية بنسبة تقسيم الأرباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What are the different ways in which a partner can retire from the firm?","translation":"ما هي الطرق المختلفة التي يمكن للشريك من خلالها التقاعد من الشركة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Explain the modes of payment to a retiring partner.","translation":"اشرح طرق الدفع للشريك المتقاعد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company's financial statements are audited annually.","translation":"تُراجع البيانات المالية للشركة سنويًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The realization account is used to record the sale of assets and settlement of liabilities during the dissolution of a partnership.","translation":"يُستخدم حساب التصفية لتسجيل بيع الأصول وتسوية الالتزامات أثناء تصفية الشراكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Partnership dissolution involves the winding up of the business and the distribution of assets.","translation":"تتضمن تصفية الشراكة تصفية الأعمال التجارية وتوزيع الأصول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The partners agreed to dissolve the firm due to irreconcilable differences.","translation":"اتفق الشركاء على تصفية الشركة بسبب خلافات لا يمكن التوفيق بينها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet provides a snapshot of a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time.","translation":"توفر الميزانية العمومية لمحة سريعة عن أصول الشركة وخصومها وحقوق الملكية في نقطة زمنية محددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The auditor verified the accuracy of the financial records.","translation":"تحقق المدقق من دقة السجلات المالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The firm's assets were sold to pay off its debts.","translation":"تم بيع أصول الشركة لسداد ديونها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The partners' capital accounts reflect their investment in the business.","translation":"تعكس حسابات رأس مال الشركاء استثماراتهم في الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company's profits are distributed among the partners according to the partnership agreement.","translation":"يتم توزيع أرباح الشركة بين الشركاء وفقًا لاتفاقية الشراكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The realization account showed a loss on the sale of assets.","translation":"أظهر حساب التصفية خسارة في بيع الأصول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The bank account is used to record all cash transactions.","translation":"يُستخدم الحساب المصرفي لتسجيل جميع المعاملات النقدية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The partners decided to dissolve the firm and divide the remaining assets.","translation":"قرر الشركاء تصفية الشركة وتقسيم الأصول المتبقية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The creditors were paid in full after the sale of the assets.","translation":"تم سداد الدائنين بالكامل بعد بيع الأصول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The partnership agreement outlines the terms of the business.","translation":"تحدد اتفاقية الشراكة شروط العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The partners' capital accounts were adjusted to reflect the profit or loss.","translation":"تم تعديل حسابات رأس مال الشركاء لتعكس الربح أو الخسارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The firm's liabilities exceeded its assets, leading to insolvency.","translation":"تجاوزت التزامات الشركة أصولها، مما أدى إلى الإعسار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The dissolution process can be complex and time-consuming.","translation":"يمكن أن تكون عملية التصفية معقدة وتستغرق وقتًا طويلاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The partners' personal assets were used to cover the firm's debts.","translation":"تم استخدام الأصول الشخصية للشركاء لتغطية ديون الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The final distribution of assets was made after all liabilities were settled.","translation":"تم إجراء التوزيع النهائي للأصول بعد تسوية جميع الالتزامات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The accounting records provided a clear picture of the firm's financial position.","translation":"قدمت السجلات المحاسبية صورة واضحة عن الوضع المالي للشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/An-Introduction-to-Indian-Art-Part-I-XI_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,180 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Luminous colours represent human figures in three-dimensionality.","translation":"ألوان مضيئة تمثل الأشكال البشرية في ثلاثة أبعاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Most of the paintings are seen on the walls of shrines and cloister walls of temples.","translation":"تُرى معظم اللوحات على جدران الأضرحة وجدران الأديرة في المعابد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thematically too, paintings from Kerala stand apart.","translation":"من الناحية الموضوعية أيضًا، تبرز اللوحات من ولاية كيرالا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Most of the narrations are based on those episodes from Hindu mythology which were popular in Kerala.","translation":"تعتمد معظم الروايات على تلك الحلقات من الأساطير الهندوسية التي كانت شائعة في ولاية كيرالا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The artist seems to have derived sources from oral traditions.","translation":"يبدو أن الفنان قد استمد مصادره من التقاليد الشفوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"More than sixty sites have been found with mural paintings.","translation":"تم العثور على أكثر من ستين موقعًا بها لوحات جدارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Even today we observe that mural painting on interior and exterior walls of houses in villages is prevalent.","translation":"حتى اليوم نلاحظ أن الرسم الجداري على الجدران الداخلية والخارجية للمنازل في القرى منتشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These paintings are usually made by women either at the time of ceremonies or festivals.","translation":"عادة ما يتم رسم هذه اللوحات من قبل النساء إما في وقت الاحتفالات أو المهرجانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Some of the traditional forms of murals are pithoro in parts of Rajasthan and Gujarat.","translation":"بعض الأشكال التقليدية للوحات الجدارية هي بيثورو في أجزاء من ولايتي راجستان وغوجارات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Today when we say 'temple' in English we generally mean a devalaya.","translation":"اليوم عندما نقول 'معبد' باللغة الإنجليزية، فإننا نعني عمومًا ديفالايا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Most of the art and architectural remains that survive from Ancient and Medieval India are religious in nature.","translation":"معظم الآثار الفنية والمعمارية التي نجت من الهند القديمة والعصور الوسطى ذات طبيعة دينية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This chapter introduces us to many types of temples from India.","translation":"يقدم لنا هذا الفصل أنواعًا عديدة من المعابد من الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Often temples were decorated with the images of gods.","translation":"غالبًا ما كانت المعابد مزينة بصور الآلهة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Each temple had a principal image of a god.","translation":"كان لكل معبد صورة رئيسية لإله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The shrines of the temples were of three kinds.","translation":"كانت أضرحة المعابد من ثلاثة أنواع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These temples are simple structures consisting of a veranda, a hall and a shrine at the rear.","translation":"هذه المعابد عبارة عن هياكل بسيطة تتكون من شرفة وقاعة وضريح في الخلف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The basic form of the Hindu temple comprises the following.","translation":"يتكون الشكل الأساسي للمعبد الهندوسي مما يلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The garbhagriha is made to house the main icon which is itself the focus of much ritual attention.","translation":"تم تصميم الغارباغريها لإيواء الأيقونة الرئيسية التي هي نفسها محور الكثير من الاهتمام الطقسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The temple is covered with elaborate sculpture and ornament that form a fundamental part of its conception.","translation":"المعبد مغطى بمنحوتات وزخارف متقنة تشكل جزءًا أساسيًا من تصوره.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The style of temple architecture that became popular in northern India is known as nagara.","translation":"يُعرف أسلوب العمارة المعمارية الذي أصبح شائعًا في شمال الهند باسم ناغارا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The halo around the head has very little ornamentation.","translation":"هالة الرأس لديها القليل من الزخرفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"One can visit museums at Mathura to study the features of early sculptures.","translation":"يمكن للمرء زيارة المتاحف في ماثورا لدراسة ميزات المنحوتات المبكرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Among the important stupa sites outside the Gangetic valley is Devnimori in Gujarat.","translation":"من بين مواقع الستوبا الهامة خارج وادي الغانج ديفنيموري في ولاية غوجارات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Buddhist Monuments of South India Vengi in Andhra Pradesh has many stupa sites.","translation":"تحتوي معالم جنوب الهند البوذية في فينجي بولاية أندرا براديش على العديد من مواقع الستوبا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Amaravati has a mahachaitya and had many sculptures which are now preserved in Chennai Museum.","translation":"أمارافاتي لديها مهاتشايتيا وكان لديها العديد من المنحوتات التي يتم الاحتفاظ بها الآن في متحف تشيناي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Like the Sanchi Stupa, the Amaravati Stupa also has pradakshinapatha enclosed within a vedika.","translation":"مثل سanchi Stupa ، يحتوي Amaravati Stupa أيضًا على pradakshinapatha محاطًا بـ vedika.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The domical stupa structure is covered with relief stupa sculptural slabs which is a unique feature.","translation":"هيكل الستوبا القبي هو مغطى بألواح نحتية من الستوبا الإغاثية وهي ميزة فريدة من نوعها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Events from the life of the Buddha and the Jataka stories are depicted.","translation":"يتم تصوير أحداث من حياة بوذا وقصص جاكاتا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Interior space in the composition is created by different postures of the figures.","translation":"يتم إنشاء مساحة داخلية في التكوين من خلال أوضاع مختلفة للشخصيات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Figures are slender, have a lot of movement, bodies are shown with three bents.","translation":"الشخصيات نحيلة ، ولديها الكثير من الحركة ، وتظهر الأجسام بثلاثة انحناءات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Linearity becomes flexible, dynamic movement breaks the staticness of form.","translation":"تصبح الخطية مرنة ، والحركة الديناميكية تكسر ثبات الشكل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The idea of creating three-dimensional space in the relief sculpture is devised by using pronounced volume.","translation":"تم تصميم فكرة إنشاء مساحة ثلاثية الأبعاد في النحت الإغاثي باستخدام حجم واضح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Narratives are profusely depicted which include events from the life of the Buddha.","translation":"يتم تصوير الروايات بغزارة والتي تشمل أحداثًا من حياة بوذا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the depiction of the birth event, the queen is shown reclining on a bed.","translation":"في تصوير حدث الولادة ، تظهر الملكة وهي مستلقية على سرير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Independent Buddha images are also found at Amaravati, Nagarjunkonda and Guntapalle.","translation":"توجد أيضًا صور بوذا مستقلة في أمارافاتي وناغارجونكوندا وغونتوبالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Small apsidal and circular chaitya halls have been excavated belonging to the second century BCE.","translation":"تم التنقيب عن قاعات تشايتيا الصغيرة ذات الشكل القوسي والدائري والتي تعود إلى القرن الثاني قبل الميلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Construction of a large number of stupas does not mean that there were no structured temples.","translation":"إن بناء عدد كبير من الستوباس لا يعني أنه لم تكن هناك معابد منظمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Along with the images of the Buddha, other Buddhist images of Boddhisattvas started getting sculpted.","translation":"جنبًا إلى جنب مع صور بوذا ، بدأت صور بوذية أخرى لـ Boddhisattvas في الحصول على منحوتة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In western India, many Buddhist caves dating back to the second century BCE onwards have been excavated.","translation":"في غرب الهند ، تم التنقيب عن العديد من الكهوف البوذية التي يعود تاريخها إلى القرن الثاني قبل الميلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The most famous cave site is Ajanta.","translation":"أشهر موقع كهف هو أجانتا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Mauryan pillars are rock-cut pillars thus displaying the carver’s skills.","translation":"أعمدة الماوريان هي أعمدة منحوتة في الصخر، مما يعرض مهارات النحات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ashoka emerged as the most powerful king of the Mauryan dynasty.","translation":"برز أشوكا كأقوى ملوك سلالة الماوريان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Religious practices had many dimensions and were not confined to just one particular mode of worship.","translation":"كانت الممارسات الدينية ذات أبعاد عديدة ولم تقتصر على مجرد طريقة عبادة واحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Mauryan pillar capital found at Sarnath popularly known as the Lion Capital is the finest example of Mauryan sculptural tradition.","translation":"رأس عمود الماوريان الموجود في سارناث والمعروف باسم رأس الأسد هو أفضل مثال على تقليد النحت الماوري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The capital originally consisted of five component parts.","translation":"تكونت العاصمة في الأصل من خمسة أجزاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The facial musculature of the lions is very strong.","translation":"عضلات وجه الأسود قوية جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The abacus has the depiction of a chakra (wheel) having twenty-four spokes.","translation":"يحتوي الحساب على تصوير لعجلة (عجلة) بها أربعة وعشرون ضلعًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The life-size standing image of a Yakshini holding a chauri (flywhisk) from Didargunj near modern Patna is another good example.","translation":"صورة ياكشيني بالحجم الطبيعي وهي تحمل تشوري (مضرب الذباب) من ديدارجونج بالقرب من باتنا الحديثة هي مثال جيد آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The method of working was collective in nature.","translation":"كانت طريقة العمل جماعية بطبيعتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Traders recorded their donation along with their place of origin.","translation":"سجل التجار تبرعاتهم مع مكان إقامتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"During the early phase of Buddhism, Buddha is depicted symbolically through footprints, stupas, lotus throne, chakra, etc.","translation":"خلال المرحلة الأولى من البوذية، يتم تصوير بوذا بشكل رمزي من خلال آثار الأقدام، والستوبا، وعرش اللوتس، والعجلة، وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"religion","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Jataka stories also became equally important for sculptural decorations.","translation":"أصبحت قصص الجاتاكا مهمة بنفس القدر للديكورات النحتية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"From the second century BCE onwards, various rulers established their control over the vast Mauryan Empire.","translation":"منذ القرن الثاني قبل الميلاد فصاعدًا، أقام حكام مختلفون سيطرتهم على إمبراطورية الماوريان الشاسعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Bharhut sculptures are tall like the images of Yaksha and Yakhshini in the Mauryan period.","translation":"منحوتات بهاروت طويلة مثل صور ياكشا وياكشيني في فترة الماوريان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Clarity in the narrative is enhanced by selecting main events.","translation":"يتم تعزيز الوضوح في السرد عن طريق تحديد الأحداث الرئيسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At Bharhut, narrative panels are shown with fewer characters.","translation":"في بهاروت، تظهر اللوحات السردية بعدد أقل من الشخصيات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Folded hands in the narratives as well as single figures of the Yakhshas and Yakshinis are shown flat clinging to the chest.","translation":"تظهر الأيدي المطوية في الروايات بالإضافة إلى الأشكال الفردية لـ Yakshas و Yakshinis مسطحة تلتصق بالصدر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Sculptures at Bharhut, Bodhgaya, Sanchi Stupa-2, and Jagayyapetta are good examples.","translation":"منحوتات في بهاروت، وبودغايا، وسانتشي ستوبا -2، وجاجيابتا أمثلة جيدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The next phase of sculptural development at Sanchi Stupa-1, Mathura, and Vengi in Andhra Pradesh is noteworthy.","translation":"المرحلة التالية من التطور النحتي في سانتشي ستوبا -1، وماتورا، وفينجي في أندرا براديش جديرة بالملاحظة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Figure compositions are in high relief, filling up the entire space.","translation":"تكوينات الشكل في إغاثة عالية، وملء المساحة بأكملها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Map showing prehistoric sites (Outline map not to scale) 2024-25 PREHISTORIC ROCK PAINTINGS","translation":"خريطة توضح المواقع الأثرية (خريطة توضيحية وليست على نطاق) 2024-25 رسومات الصخور في عصور ما قبل التاريخ","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The distant past when there was no paper or language or the written word, and hence no books or written documents, is called prehistory or as we often say, prehistoric times.","translation":"يُطلق على الماضي البعيد الذي لم يكن فيه ورق أو لغة أو كلمة مكتوبة، وبالتالي لا توجد كتب أو مستندات مكتوبة، اسم عصور ما قبل التاريخ أو كما نقول غالبًا، عصور ما قبل التاريخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How people lived in those times was difficult to surmise until scholars began to discover the places where prehistoric people lived.","translation":"كان من الصعب تخمين كيف عاش الناس في تلك الأوقات حتى بدأ العلماء في اكتشاف الأماكن التي عاش فيها أناس عصور ما قبل التاريخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Excavation at these places brought to light old tools, pottery, habitats, bones of ancient human beings and animals, and drawings on cave walls.","translation":"أدت الحفريات في هذه الأماكن إلى إلقاء الضوء على الأدوات القديمة والفخار والموائل وعظام البشر والحيوانات القديمة والرسومات على جدران الكهوف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"By piecing together the information deduced from these objects and the cave drawings, scholars have constructed fairly accurate knowledge about what happened and how people lived in prehistoric times.","translation":"من خلال تجميع المعلومات المستنتجة من هذه الأشياء ورسومات الكهوف، قام العلماء ببناء معرفة دقيقة إلى حد ما حول ما حدث وكيف عاش الناس في عصور ما قبل التاريخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"When the basic needs of food, water, clothing and shelter were fulfilled people felt the need to express themselves.","translation":"عندما تم تلبية الاحتياجات الأساسية من الغذاء والماء والملابس والمأوى، شعر الناس بالحاجة إلى التعبير عن أنفسهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Painting and drawing were the oldest art forms practised by human beings to express themselves, using the cave walls as their canvas.","translation":"كانت الرسم والتصوير من أقدم أشكال الفن التي مارسها البشر للتعبير عن أنفسهم، باستخدام جدران الكهوف كلوحاتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why did prehistoric people draw these pictures?","translation":"لماذا رسم أناس عصور ما قبل التاريخ هذه الصور؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They may have drawn and painted to make their shelters more colourful and beautiful or to keep a visual record of their day-to-day life, like some of us who maintain a diary.","translation":"ربما رسموا ورسموا لجعل مآويهم أكثر ألوانًا وجمالًا أو للاحتفاظ بسجل مرئي لحياتهم اليومية، مثل بعضنا ممن يحتفظون بمذكرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The prehistoric period in the early development of human beings is commonly known as the Old Stone Age or the Palaeolithic Age.","translation":"تُعرف فترة ما قبل التاريخ في التطور المبكر للبشر باسم العصر الحجري القديم أو العصر الحجري القديم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Prehistoric paintings have been found in many parts of the world.","translation":"تم العثور على لوحات ما قبل التاريخ في أجزاء كثيرة من العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We do not really know if Lower Palaeolithic people ever produced any art objects.","translation":"نحن لا نعرف حقًا ما إذا كان أناس العصر الحجري القديم السفلي قد أنتجوا أي أشياء فنية على الإطلاق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"But by the Upper Palaeolithic times we see a proliferation of artistic activities.","translation":"ولكن بحلول عصور العصر الحجري القديم العلوي، نرى انتشارًا للأنشطة الفنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Around the world the walls of many caves of this time are full of finely carved and painted pictures of animals which the cave-dwellers hunted.","translation":"في جميع أنحاء العالم، تمتلئ جدران العديد من الكهوف في هذا الوقت بصور منحوتة وملونة بدقة للحيوانات التي كان سكان الكهوف يصطادونها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The subjects of their drawings were human figures, human activities, geometric designs and animal symbols.","translation":"كانت موضوعات رسوماتهم هي الأشكال البشرية والأنشطة البشرية والتصميمات الهندسية ورموز الحيوانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In India the earliest paintings have been reported from the Upper Palaeolithic times.","translation":"في الهند، تم الإبلاغ عن أقدم اللوحات من عصور العصر الحجري القديم العلوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is interesting to know that the first discovery of rock paintings was made in India in 1867–68 by an archaeologist, Archibold Carlleyle, twelve years before the discovery of Altamira in Spain.","translation":"من المثير للاهتمام معرفة أن أول اكتشاف للوحات الصخرية تم في الهند في 1867-68 من قبل عالم الآثار أرشيبولد كارليل، قبل اثني عشر عامًا من اكتشاف ألتاميرا في إسبانيا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Cockburn, Anderson, Mitra and Ghosh were the early archaeologists who discovered a large number of sites in the Indian sub-continent.","translation":"كان كوكبورن وأندرسون وميترا وغوش من علماء الآثار الأوائل الذين اكتشفوا عددًا كبيرًا من المواقع في شبه القارة الهندية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Remnants of rock paintings have been found on the walls of the caves situated in several districts of Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Bihar.","translation":"تم العثور على بقايا من اللوحات الصخرية على جدران الكهوف الموجودة في عدة مقاطعات من ولايات ماديا براديش وأوتار براديش وأندرا براديش وكارناتاكا وبيهار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Some paintings have been reported from the Kumaon hills in Uttarakhand also.","translation":"تم الإبلاغ أيضًا عن بعض اللوحات من تلال كوماون في أوتاراخاند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The four gateways are decorated profusely with sculptures.","translation":"تُزَيَّنُ البَوَّاباتُ الأَربَعُ بِكَثْرَةٍ بِالتَّماثيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Buddha is shown symbolically as an empty throne, feet, chhatra , stupas, etc.","translation":"يُصَوَّرُ بوذا رَمْزِيًّا كَعَرْشٍ فارِغٍ، وأَقْدامٍ، وَمِظَلَّةٍ، وَأَبْراجٍ، وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Their stylistic differences indicate their possible chronology from the first century BCE onwards.","translation":"تُشيرُ اخْتِلافاتُها الأُسْلُوبِيَّةُ إلى تَسَلْسُلِها الزَّمَنِيِّ المُحْتَمَلِ مِنْ القَرْنِ الأَوَّلِ قَبْلَ المِيلادِ وَصاعِدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The figures at Sanchi, despite being small in dimension, show considerable mastery of sculpting.","translation":"تُظْهِرُ التَّماثيلُ في سانْتشي، على الرَّغْمِ مِنْ صِغَرِ حَجْمِها، إِتْقانًا كَبيرًا في النَّحْتِ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Their physiognomictreatment of the body shows both depth and dimension which arevery naturalistic.","translation":"تُظْهِرُ مُعالَجَتُهُم لِفِيزْيُونِيَّةِ الجَسَدِ كُلًّا مِنَ العُمْقِ والأَبْعادِ، وَهِيَ طَبِيعِيَّةٌ جِدًّا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"There are guardian images on pillars and theshalbhanjika (i.e., lady holding the branch of a tree) sculptures are remarkable in their treatment of volume.","translation":"تُوجَدُ صُوَرٌ حارِسَةٌ على الأَعْمِدَةِ، وَتَماثيلُ الشَّالْبانْجِيكا (أَيْ، سَيِّدَةٌ تُمْسِكُ بِفَرْعِ شَجَرَةٍ) مُلْفِتَةٌ لِلنَّظَرِ في مُعالَجَتِها لِلْحَجْمِ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The rigidity of the earliersculptures of Stupa-2 is no more there.","translation":"لَمْ تَعُدْ صَلابَةُ التَّماثيلِ الأَقْدَمِ لِلْسُّتُوبَةِ 2 مَوْجُودَةً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each torana consists of two vertical pillars and three horizontal bars on the top.","translation":"يَتَكَوَّنُ كُلُّ تَوْرانَا مِنْ عَمُودَيْنِ رَأْسِيَّيْنِ وَثَلاثَةِ قُضْبانٍ أُفُقِيَّةٍ في الأَعْلى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Each horizontalbar is decorated with different sculptural themes on the front aswell as at the back.","translation":"يُزَيَّنُ كُلُّ قَضِيبٍ أُفُقِيٍّ بِمَواضِيعَ نَحْتِيَّةٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ في الأَمامِ وَكَذَلِكَ في الخَلْفِ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Supporting the extensions of the lowermosthorizontal bar from below are the images of shalbhanjikas.","translation":"تَدْعَمُ صُوَرُ الشَّالْبانْجِيكاسِ تَمْدِيدَاتِ القَضِيبِ الأُفُقِيِّ الأَسْفَلِ مِنْ الأَسْفَلِ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Mathura was a great centre for making sculptures during the early historic period and many images have been found here.","translation":"كانت ماثورا مَرْكَزًا عَظِيمًا لِصُنْعِ التَّماثيلِ خِلالَ الفَتْرَةِ التَّارِيخِيَّةِ المُبَكِّرَةِ، وَقَدْ عُثِرَ على صُوَرٍ كَثيرَةٍ هُنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A large number of images dating back to the Kushana Period is from Mathura.","translation":"يَعودُ عَدَدٌ كَبيرٌ مِنَ الصُّوَرِ إلى عَصْرِ كُوشانا وَهِيَ مِنْ ماثورا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The image of the Buddha from the Katra mound belongs to the second century CE.","translation":"تَعُودُ صُورَةُ بوذا مِنْ تَلِّ كاتْرا إلى القَرْنِ الثَّانِي المِيلادِيّ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It represents the Buddha with two Boddhisattva attendants.","translation":"تُمَثِّلُ بوذا مَعَ مُرافِقَيْنِ مِنْ البُودْهِيَّاتْ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Buddha is seated in padmasana (cross-folded legs) and the right hand is in the abhayamudra, raised a little above the shoulder level whereas the left hand is placed on the left thigh.","translation":"يَجْلِسُ بوذا في وَضْعِيَّةِ بادْماسانا (أَرْجُلٌ مُتَقاطِعَةٌ) وَاليَدُ اليُمْنى في أَبْهايامُودْرا، مُرْتَفِعَةٌ قَليلًا فَوْقَ مُسْتَوى الكَتِفِ، في حِينِ أَنَّ اليَدَ اليُسْرى مَوْضُوعَةٌ على الفَخِذِ اليُسْرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The ushanisha, i.e., hair knot, is shown with a vertically raised projection.","translation":"يُظْهَرُ الأُوشَانِيشا، أَيْ، عُقْدَةُ الشَّعْرِ، بِنُتُوءٍ مُرْتَفِعٍ عَمُودِيًّا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mathura sculptures from this period are made with light volume having fleshy body.","translation":"تُصْنَعُ تماثيلُ ماثورا مِنْ هَذِهِ الفَتْرَةِ بِحَجْمٍ خَفِيفٍ وَجَسَدٍ لَحْمِيٍّ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The shoulders are broad.","translation":"الأَكْتافُ عَرِيضَةٌ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The sanghati (garment) covers only one shoulder and has been made prominently visible covering the left hand whereas while covering the torso, the independent volume of the garment is reduced to the body torso.","translation":"تُغَطّي السَّانْغاتي (اللِّباسُ) كَتِفًا واحِدًا فَقَطْ، وَقَدْ جُعِلَتْ واضِحَةً بِشَكْلٍ بارِزٍ، وَهِيَ تُغَطّي اليَدَ اليُسْرى، في حِينِ أَنَّها عِنْدَ تَغْطِيَةِ الجِذْعِ، يَتَقَلَّصُ الحَجْمُ المُسْتَقِلُّ لِلِّباسِ إلى جِذْعِ الجَسَدِ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Buddha is seated on a lion throne.","translation":"يَجْلِسُ بوذا على عَرْشِ أَسَدٍ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The artisan skillfully carved intricate designs into the stone.","translation":"قام الحرفي بنحت تصاميم معقدة بمهارة في الحجر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The temple's architecture reflects a blend of different cultural influences.","translation":"تعكس هندسة المعبد مزيجًا من التأثيرات الثقافية المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The museum houses a vast collection of ancient artifacts.","translation":"يضم المتحف مجموعة كبيرة من القطع الأثرية القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The artist used vibrant colors to depict the bustling marketplace.","translation":"استخدم الفنان ألوانًا نابضة بالحياة لتصوير السوق الصاخب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The intricate details of the sculpture were admired by all.","translation":"أعجب الجميع بالتفاصيل المعقدة للنحت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The historical significance of the site is immense.","translation":"الأهمية التاريخية للموقع هائلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The ancient texts provide valuable insights into the past.","translation":"توفر النصوص القديمة رؤى قيمة في الماضي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The architectural style of the building is unique.","translation":"النمط المعماري للمبنى فريد من نوعه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The use of semi-precious stones added to the beauty of the artwork.","translation":"أضاف استخدام الأحجار شبه الكريمة إلى جمال العمل الفني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The artist's skill was evident in every brushstroke.","translation":"كانت مهارة الفنان واضحة في كل ضربة فرشاة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The preservation of cultural heritage is of utmost importance.","translation":"الحفاظ على التراث الثقافي له أهمية قصوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The exhibition showcased a wide range of artistic styles.","translation":"عرض المعرض مجموعة واسعة من الأساليب الفنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The influence of religious beliefs is apparent in the art.","translation":"تأثير المعتقدات الدينية واضح في الفن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The intricate patterns on the walls were mesmerizing.","translation":"كانت الأنماط المعقدة على الجدران ساحرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The study of art history provides a deeper understanding of human civilization.","translation":"يوفر دراسة تاريخ الفن فهمًا أعمق للحضارة الإنسانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The use of symbolism adds layers of meaning to the artwork.","translation":"يضيف استخدام الرمزية طبقات من المعنى إلى العمل الفني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The artist's interpretation of the subject was unique and thought-provoking.","translation":"كانت رؤية الفنان للموضوع فريدة من نوعها ومثيرة للتفكير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The restoration project aimed to preserve the ancient structure.","translation":"هدف مشروع الترميم إلى الحفاظ على الهيكل القديم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The cultural exchange between different regions is reflected in the art.","translation":"تنعكس التبادلات الثقافية بين المناطق المختلفة في الفن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The legacy of the past continues to inspire artists today.","translation":"يستمر إرث الماضي في إلهام الفنانين اليوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The temples at Khajuraho are all made of sandstone.","translation":"معابد خاجوراهو كلها مصنوعة من الحجر الرملي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They were patronised by the Chandella dynasty.","translation":"كانت تحت رعاية سلالة تشانديلا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Lakshmana temple represents the full-fledged, developed style of temple architecture during the time of the Chandellas.","translation":"يمثل معبد لاكشمانا النمط المتطور والمتكامل لعمارة المعبد في عهد تشانديلاس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Its construction was completed by 954, the year as per the inscription found at the base of the temple.","translation":"اكتمل بناؤه عام 954، وهو العام المذكور في النقش الموجود في قاعدة المعبد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The temple plan is of a panchayana type.","translation":"خطة المعبد من النوع البانشايانا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"architecture","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The outer walls of the garbhagriha and the outer and inner walls around the circumambulatory path are decorated with sculptures.","translation":"الجدران الخارجية لـ garbhagriha والجدران الخارجية والداخلية حول مسار الطواف مزينة بمنحوتات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"architecture","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Khajuraho temples are also known for their erotic sculptures.","translation":"تشتهر معابد خاجوراهو أيضًا بمنحوتاتها المثيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Many erotic sculptures are carved on the plinth wall.","translation":"العديد من المنحوتات المثيرة منحوتة على جدار القاعدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Some erotic sculptures are carved on the actual wall of the temple.","translation":"بعض المنحوتات المثيرة منحوتة على الجدار الفعلي للمعبد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The interior halls are also decorated profusely.","translation":"كما أن القاعات الداخلية مزينة بغزارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"architecture","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"An image of Chaturmukha Vishnu is in the garbhagriha.","translation":"صورة تشاتورموخا فيشنو موجودة في garbhagriha.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"religion","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are four shrines in each corner of the temple.","translation":"هناك أربعة أضرحة في كل ركن من أركان المعبد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"architecture","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Drapery and ornaments are given a lot of attention.","translation":"يولى اهتمام كبير للستائر والحلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We have focussed on the dominant art styles and some of the most famous monuments from different parts of India in the medieval period.","translation":"لقد ركزنا على أنماط الفن السائدة وبعض أشهر المعالم من أجزاء مختلفة من الهند في العصور الوسطى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These large projects would have brought architects, builders, sculptors and painters together.","translation":"كانت هذه المشاريع الكبيرة ستجمع المهندسين المعماريين والبنائين والنحاتين والرسامين معًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Through them we can surmise what their buildings were like, what types of clothes they wore and above all we can use the art material to reconstruct the history of their religions.","translation":"من خلالهم يمكننا أن نخمن كيف كانت مبانيهم، وأنواع الملابس التي كانوا يرتدونها، وقبل كل شيء يمكننا استخدام المواد الفنية لإعادة بناء تاريخ دياناتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism each have a plethora of gods and goddesses, and this was the period when bhakti and tantra — two major developments, affected them.","translation":"لكل من الهندوسية والبوذية والجاينية عدد كبير من الآلهة والإلهات، وكانت هذه هي الفترة التي أثرت فيها بهاكتي وتانترا - وهما تطوران رئيسيان - عليهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"religion","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Temples also became a space for many other art forms, such as music and dance and, from the tenth century onwards, temples became large landowners as kings and feudal lords gave them land for their maintenance once and upkeep, and performed an administrative role as well.","translation":"أصبحت المعابد أيضًا مساحة للعديد من الأشكال الفنية الأخرى، مثل الموسيقى والرقص، ومن القرن العاشر فصاعدًا، أصبحت المعابد ملاكًا كبارًا للأراضي حيث منحهم الملوك والإقطاعيون الأراضي لصيانتهم ورعايتهم، وقاموا بدور إداري أيضًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Find any temple or monastery in or around your town and note down its important features such as different artchitectural features, sculptural style, identification of images, dynastic affiliation and patronage.","translation":"ابحث عن أي معبد أو دير في بلدتك أو حولها وقم بتدوين ميزاته الهامة مثل الميزات المعمارية المختلفة، والأسلوب النحتي، وتحديد الصور، والانتماء السلالي والرعاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mark out all the places discussed in this chapter on a map of India.","translation":"حدد جميع الأماكن التي تمت مناقشتها في هذا الفصل على خريطة الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These motifs included varieties of flowers, both from the sub-continent and places outside, particularly Iran.","translation":"تضمنت هذه الزخارف أنواعًا مختلفة من الزهور، من شبه القارة الهندية والأماكن الخارجية، وخاصة إيران.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The lotus bud fringe was used to great advantage in the inner curves of the arches.","translation":"استُخدمت حافة برعم اللوتس بشكل كبير في المنحنيات الداخلية للأقواس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Walls were also decorated with cypress, chinar and other trees as also with flower vases.","translation":"كما زُينت الجدران بأشجار السرو والشنار والأشجار الأخرى، وكذلك بمزهريات الزهور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Many complex designs of flower motifs decorating the ceilings were also to be found on textiles and carpets.","translation":"كما وُجدت العديد من التصميمات المعقدة لزخارف الزهور التي تزين الأسقف على المنسوجات والسجاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the fourteenth, fifteenth and sixteenth centuries tiles were also used to surface the walls and the domes.","translation":"في القرنين الرابع عشر والخامس عشر والسادس عشر، استُخدمت البلاط أيضًا لتغطية الجدران والقباب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Popular colours were blue, turquoise, green and yellow.","translation":"كانت الألوان الشائعة هي الأزرق والفيروزي والأخضر والأصفر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Subsequently the techniques of tessellation (mosaic designs) and pietra dura were made use of for surface decoration particularly in the dado panels of the walls.","translation":"في وقت لاحق، استُخدمت تقنيات الفسيفساء (تصميمات الفسيفساء) وبييترا دورا لتزيين الأسطح، خاصة في ألواح دادو للجدران.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"At times lapis lazuli was used in the interior walls or on canopies.","translation":"في بعض الأحيان، استُخدم اللازورد في الجدران الداخلية أو على المظلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Other decorations included arabesque, calligraphy and high and low relief carving and a profuse use of jalis.","translation":"تضمنت الزخارف الأخرى الزخارف العربية والخط والنحت البارز والمنخفض والاستخدام الغزير للشبكات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The high relief carving has a three- dimensional look.","translation":"للنحت البارز مظهر ثلاثي الأبعاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The arches were plain and squat and sometimes high and pointed.","translation":"كانت الأقواس بسيطة ومنخفضة وأحيانًا عالية ومدببة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"From the sixteenth century onwards arches were designed with trefoil or multiple foliations.","translation":"من القرن السادس عشر فصاعدًا، صُممت الأقواس بثلاث أوراق أو أوراق متعددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Spandrels of the arches were decorated with medallions or bosses.","translation":"زُينت حشوات الأقواس بميداليات أو رؤوس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The roof was a mix of the central dome and other smaller domes, chatris and tiny minarets.","translation":"كان السقف مزيجًا من القبة المركزية والقباب الأخرى الأصغر حجمًا، والشاتري والمنارات الصغيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The central dome was topped with an inverted lotus flower motif and a metal or stone pinnacle.","translation":"تُوجت القبة المركزية بزخرفة زهرة اللوتس المقلوبة وقمة معدنية أو حجرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Pietra dura work, Agra Dado panel on the wall, Agra 2024-25 AN INTRODUCTION TO INDIAN ART 112 MATERIALS FOR CONSTRUCTION","translation":"أعمال بييترا دورا، لوحة أجرى دادو على الحائط، أجرى 2024-25 مقدمة في الفن الهندي 112 مواد البناء","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The walls in all buildings were extremely thick and were largely constructed of rubble masonary, which was easily available.","translation":"كانت الجدران في جميع المباني سميكة للغاية، وشُيدت إلى حد كبير من البناء بالركام، والذي كان متاحًا بسهولة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These walls were then cased over with chunam or limestone plaster or dressed stone.","translation":"ثم غُطيت هذه الجدران بالجير أو الجص الحجري الجيري أو الحجر المشذب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An amazing range of stones were utilised for construction such as quartzite, sandstone, buff, marble, etc.","translation":"استُخدمت مجموعة مذهلة من الأحجار في البناء مثل الكوارتزيت والحجر الرملي واللون البني الفاتح والرخام وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Polychrome tiles were used to great advantage to finish the walls.","translation":"استُخدمت البلاط متعدد الألوان بشكل كبير لإنهاء الجدران.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The architecture of this temple is in keeping with the age-old Kashmiri tradition of wooden buildings.","translation":"هندسة هذا المعبد تتماشى مع التقاليد الكشميرية القديمة للمباني الخشبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Due to the snowy conditions in Kashmir, the roof is peaked and slants slowly outward.","translation":"بسبب الظروف الثلجية في كشمير، السقف مدبب ويميل ببطء إلى الخارج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A row of elephants at the base and a decorated doorway are the only embellishments on the shrine.","translation":"صف من الأفيال في القاعدة وباب مزخرف هما الزخارف الوحيدة على الضريح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Like the findings at Samlaji, the sculptures at Chamba also show an amalgamation of local traditions with a post- Gupta style.","translation":"مثل الاكتشافات في ساملاجي، تُظهر المنحوتات في تشامبا أيضًا مزيجًا من التقاليد المحلية مع أسلوب ما بعد غوبتا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The images of Mahishasuramardini and Narasimha at the Laksna-Devi Mandir are evidences of the influence of the post-Gupta tradition.","translation":"صور ماهيشاسورامارديني وناراسيمه في لاكشنا-ديفي ماندير هي أدلة على تأثير تقليد ما بعد غوبتا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Both the images show the influence of the metal sculpture tradition of Kashmir.","translation":"تُظهر كلتا الصورتين تأثير تقليد النحت المعدني في كشمير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This temple bears an inscription that states that it was built during the reign of Meruvarman who lived in the seventh century.","translation":"يحمل هذا المعبد نقشًا ينص على أنه تم بناؤه خلال عهد ميروفارمان الذي عاش في القرن السابع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Unlike the nagara temple, the dravida temple is enclosed within a compound wall.","translation":"على عكس معبد ناجارا، يقع معبد درافيدا داخل جدار مجمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The front wall has an entrance gateway in its centre, which is known as a gopuram.","translation":"يحتوي الجدار الأمامي على بوابة دخول في مركزه، والمعروفة باسم جوبورام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The shape of the main temple tower known as vimana in Tamil Nadu is like a stepped pyramid that rises up geometrically rather than the curving shikhara of North India.","translation":"شكل البرج الرئيسي للمعبد المعروف باسم فيمانا في تاميل نادو يشبه الهرم المتدرج الذي يرتفع هندسيًا بدلاً من شيخارا المنحني في شمال الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In the South Indian temple, the word ‘shikhara’ is used only for the crowning element at the top of the temple which is usually shaped like a small stupika or an octagonal cupola— this is equivalent to the amlak and kalasha of North Indian temples.","translation":"في المعبد الهندي الجنوبي، تُستخدم كلمة 'شيخارا' فقط للعنصر المتوج في الجزء العلوي من المعبد والذي عادة ما يكون على شكل ستوبيكا صغيرة أو قبة مثمنة - وهذا يعادل أملك وكالاشا في المعابد الهندية الشمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It is common to find a large water reservoir, or a temple tank, enclosed within the complex.","translation":"من الشائع العثور على خزان مياه كبير، أو خزان معبد، محاطًا داخل المجمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Subsidiary shrines are either incorporated within the main temple tower, or located as distinct, separate small shrines beside the main temple.","translation":"يتم دمج الأضرحة الفرعية إما داخل البرج الرئيسي للمعبد، أو تقع كأضرحة صغيرة منفصلة ومميزة بجانب المعبد الرئيسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Temples thus started becoming the focus of urban architecture.","translation":"وبالتالي، بدأت المعابد في أن تصبح محورًا للعمارة الحضرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Temples became rich administrative centres, controlling vast areas of land.","translation":"أصبحت المعابد مراكز إدارية غنية، تسيطر على مساحات شاسعة من الأراضي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Pallavas were one of the ancient South Indian dynasties that were active in the Andhra region from the second century CE onwards and moved south to settle in Tamil Nadu.","translation":"كان البالافاس أحد السلالات الهندية الجنوبية القديمة التي كانت نشطة في منطقة أندرا من القرن الثاني الميلادي فصاعدًا وانتقلوا جنوبًا للاستقرار في تاميل نادو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Their early buildings, it is generally assumed, were rock- cut, while the later ones were structural.","translation":"يُفترض عمومًا أن مبانيهم المبكرة كانت منحوتة في الصخر، بينما كانت المباني اللاحقة هيكلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The shore temple at Mahabalipuram was built later, probably in the reign of Narasimhavarman II, also known as Rajasimha who reigned from 700 to 728 CE.","translation":"تم بناء معبد الشاطئ في مهاباليبورام في وقت لاحق، ربما في عهد ناراسيمه فارمان الثاني، المعروف أيضًا باسم راجاسيمه الذي حكم من 700 إلى 728 م.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sculptures of the bull, Nandi, Shiva’s mount, line the temple walls, and these, along with the carvings on the temple’s lower walls have suffered severe disfiguration due to erosion by salt-water laden air over the centuries.","translation":"تصطف منحوتات الثور، ناندي، جبل شيفا، على جدران المعبد، وهذه، جنبًا إلى جنب مع المنحوتات الموجودة على الجدران السفلية للمعبد، عانت من تشوه شديد بسبب التآكل بفعل الهواء المشبع بالمياه المالحة على مر القرون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The main deity of the temple is Shiva, who is shown as a huge lingam set in a two-storeyed sanctum.","translation":"الإله الرئيسي للمعبد هو شيفا، الذي يظهر على شكل لينغام ضخم موضوع في حرم من طابقين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/Business Studies II-XII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,180 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"The marketing objectives of the organization can be achieved through appropriate marketing plans.","translation":"يمكن تحقيق الأهداف التسويقية للمؤسسة من خلال خطط تسويقية مناسبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A marketer of color TVs aims to increase market share.","translation":"يهدف مسوق أجهزة التلفزيون الملونة إلى زيادة حصته في السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Product design contributes to making the product attractive to customers.","translation":"يساهم تصميم المنتج في جعل المنتج جذابًا للعملاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Good design can improve product performance and give a competitive advantage.","translation":"يمكن للتصميم الجيد أن يحسن أداء المنتج ويمنحه ميزة تنافسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We consider design aspects like shape and style when buying a motorbike.","translation":"نحن نأخذ في الاعتبار جوانب التصميم مثل الشكل والأسلوب عند شراء دراجة نارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Standardization helps in achieving uniformity and consistency in output.","translation":"تساعد المعايرة في تحقيق التوحيد والاتساق في الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Grading is necessary for products not produced to predetermined specifications.","translation":"التصنيف ضروري للمنتجات التي لا يتم إنتاجها وفقًا لمواصفات محددة مسبقًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Packaging and labeling are considered pillars of modern marketing.","translation":"تعتبر التعبئة والتغليف ووضع العلامات من دعائم التسويق الحديث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Packaging protects products and serves as a promotional tool.","translation":"تحمي العبوات المنتجات وتعمل كأداة ترويجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Customer support services are effective in bringing repeat sales.","translation":"خدمات دعم العملاء فعالة في تحقيق مبيعات متكررة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The price of a product affects its success in the market.","translation":"يؤثر سعر المنتج على نجاحه في السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Marketers analyze factors determining the price of a product.","translation":"يقوم المسوقون بتحليل العوامل التي تحدد سعر المنتج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Promotion involves informing customers about a firm's product.","translation":"يتضمن الترويج إعلام العملاء بمنتج الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Advertising, personal selling, and publicity are promotion methods.","translation":"الإعلان والبيع الشخصي والدعاية هي طرق ترويجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Managing physical distribution is a very important function.","translation":"إدارة التوزيع المادي هي وظيفة مهمة جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Transportation involves the physical movement of goods.","translation":"تشمل النقل الحركة المادية للبضائع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Storage is needed to maintain a smooth flow of products.","translation":"هناك حاجة إلى التخزين للحفاظ على تدفق سلس للمنتجات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The marketing mix consists of product, price, place, and promotion.","translation":"يتكون المزيج التسويقي من المنتج والسعر والمكان والترويج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A product is a bundle of utilities offered to the market.","translation":"المنتج عبارة عن مجموعة من المرافق المعروضة في السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Consumer products are purchased by the ultimate consumers.","translation":"يتم شراء المنتجات الاستهلاكية من قبل المستهلكين النهائيين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company needs to invest in fixed assets and current assets.","translation":"تحتاج الشركة إلى الاستثمار في الأصول الثابتة والأصول المتداولة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Fixed assets are those which remain in the business for more than one year.","translation":"الأصول الثابتة هي تلك التي تبقى في الشركة لأكثر من عام واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Decisions to invest in fixed assets must be taken very carefully.","translation":"يجب اتخاذ قرارات الاستثمار في الأصول الثابتة بعناية فائقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Such decisions once taken are irrevocable except at a huge loss.","translation":"هذه القرارات بمجرد اتخاذها لا رجعة فيها إلا بخسارة فادحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Current assets are those assets which get converted into cash within one year.","translation":"الأصول المتداولة هي تلك الأصول التي تتحول إلى نقد في غضون عام واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Management of fixed capital involves allocation of firm’s capital to different projects.","translation":"إدارة رأس المال الثابت تنطوي على تخصيص رأس مال الشركة لمشاريع مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"These decisions are called investment decisions or capital budgeting decisions.","translation":"تسمى هذه القرارات قرارات الاستثمار أو قرارات الميزانية الرأسمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fixed Assets should never be financed through short-term sources.","translation":"يجب ألا يتم تمويل الأصول الثابتة أبدًا من خلال مصادر قصيرة الأجل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The management of fixed capital or investment or capital budgeting decisions are important.","translation":"إدارة رأس المال الثابت أو الاستثمار أو قرارات الميزانية الرأسمالية مهمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"These decisions have bearing on the long-term growth.","translation":"هذه القرارات لها تأثير على النمو على المدى الطويل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A larger organisation operating at a higher scale needs bigger plant.","translation":"تحتاج المؤسسة الأكبر التي تعمل على نطاق أوسع إلى مصنع أكبر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A capital-intensive organisation requires higher investment in plant and machinery.","translation":"تتطلب المؤسسة كثيفة رأس المال استثمارًا أعلى في المصانع والآلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Higher growth of an organisation generally requires higher investment in fixed assets.","translation":"يتطلب النمو المرتفع للمؤسسة بشكل عام استثمارًا أعلى في الأصول الثابتة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A firm may choose to diversify its operations for various reasons.","translation":"قد تختار الشركة تنويع عملياتها لأسباب مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Availability of leasing facilities, thus, may reduce the funds required.","translation":"وبالتالي، قد يؤدي توفر تسهيلات التأجير إلى تقليل الأموال المطلوبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Current assets are usually more liquid but contribute less to the profits.","translation":"عادة ما تكون الأصول المتداولة أكثر سيولة ولكنها تساهم بشكل أقل في الأرباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Insufficient investment in current assets may make it more difficult.","translation":"قد يجعل الاستثمار غير الكافي في الأصول المتداولة الأمر أكثر صعوبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Current liabilities are those payment obligations which are due for payment within one year.","translation":"الخصوم المتداولة هي التزامات الدفع المستحقة الدفع في غضون عام واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The basic nature of a business influences the amount of working capital required.","translation":"تؤثر الطبيعة الأسا��ية للعمل على مقدار رأس المال العامل المطلوب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In case of a boom, the sales as well as production are likely to be larger.","translation":"في حالة الازدهار، من المرجح أن تكون المبيعات وكذلك الإنتاج أكبر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company's financial decisions significantly impact its capital structure.","translation":"قرارات الشركة المالية تؤثر بشكل كبير على هيكلها الرأسمالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Business finance is crucial for the survival and growth of any enterprise.","translation":"التمويل التجاري أمر بالغ الأهمية لبقاء ونمو أي مؤسسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Financial management aims to optimize the procurement and utilization of funds.","translation":"تهدف الإدارة المالية إلى تحسين الحصول على الأموال واستخدامها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet and profit and loss account reflect a firm's financial health.","translation":"تعكس الميزانية العمومية وحساب الأرباح والخسائر الصحة المالية للشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Capital budgeting decisions are crucial for long-term investment.","translation":"قرارات الميزانية الرأسمالية حاسمة للاستثمار طويل الأجل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company needs to carefully evaluate each project based on its potential returns.","translation":"تحتاج الشركة إلى تقييم كل مشروع بعناية بناءً على عوائده المحتملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Financial planning is essential for the success of any business venture.","translation":"التخطيط المالي ضروري لنجاح أي مشروع تجاري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The choice of capital structure affects the financial risk of the company.","translation":"يؤثر اختيار الهيكل الرأسمالي على المخاطر المالية للشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Working capital management is vital for day-to-day operations.","translation":"إدارة رأس المال العامل أمر حيوي للعمليات اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company aims to maximize shareholder wealth through its financial decisions.","translation":"تهدف الشركة إلى تعظيم ثروة المساهمين من خلال قراراتها المالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Investment decisions should consider the cash flows of the project.","translation":"يجب أن تأخذ قرارات الاستثمار في الاعتبار التدفقات النقدية للمشروع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The rate of return is a critical factor in capital budgeting.","translation":"معدل العائد هو عامل حاسم في الميزانية الرأسمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Financing decisions involve choosing the right mix of debt and equity.","translation":"تتضمن قرارات التمويل اختيار المزيج الصحيح من الديون والأسهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company's financial statements are largely determined by financial management decisions.","translation":"تتحدد البيانات المالية للشركة إلى حد كبير بقرارات الإدارة المالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Good financial management aims at mobilizing financial resources at a lower cost.","translation":"تهدف الإدارة المالية الجيدة إلى تعبئة الموارد المالية بتكلفة أقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The primary aim of financial management is to maximize shareholders’ wealth.","translation":"الهدف الأساسي للإدارة المالية هو تعظيم ثروة المساهمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Efficient decision-making is key to increasing the market price of equity shares.","translation":"صنع القرار الفعال هو مفتاح لزيادة السعر السوقي لأسهم الملكية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Capital budgeting techniques help evaluate investment proposals.","translation":"تساعد تقنيات الميزانية الرأسمالية في تقييم مقترحات الاستثمار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company needs to consider the financial risk associated with different sources of funds.","translation":"تحتاج الشركة إلى النظر في المخاطر المالية المرتبطة بمصادر الأموال المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Financial management is concerned with investment, financing, and dividend decisions.","translation":"تهتم الإدارة المالية بقرارات الاستثمار والتمويل والأرباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Marketing involves activities that direct the flow of goods and services from producers to consumers.","translation":"تشمل التسويق الأنشطة التي توجه تدفق السلع والخدمات من المنتجين إلى المستهلكين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Traditionally, marketing has been described in terms of its functions or activities.","translation":"تقليدياً، تم وصف التسويق من حيث وظائفه أو أنشطته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The term 'market' refers to the place where buyers and sellers gather to enter into transactions.","translation":"يشير مصطلح 'السوق' إلى المكان الذي يجتمع فيه المشترون والبائعون لإجراء المعاملات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Marketing is a social process where people interact to persuade others to purchase a product or service.","translation":"التسويق هو عملية اجتماعية يتفاعل فيها الناس لإقناع الآخرين بشراء منتج أو خدمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The primary reason for marketing is to satisfy the needs and wants of individuals and organizations.","translation":"السبب الرئيسي للتسويق هو تلبية احتياجات ورغبات الأفراد والمنظمات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A need is a state of felt deprivation, while wants are culturally defined objects that satisfy needs.","translation":"الحاجة هي حالة من الحرمان، في حين أن الرغبات هي أشياء محددة ثقافياً تلبي الاحتياجات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Marketers create a 'market offering' which includes features, price, and availability.","translation":"يقوم المسوقون بإنشاء 'عرض سوق' يتضمن الميزات والسعر والتوافر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Customer value is a key factor in the buying decision.","translation":"قيمة العميل هي عامل رئيسي في قرار الشراء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Marketing works through the exchange mechanism.","translation":"يعمل التسويق من خلال آلية التبادل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"For an exchange to take place, at least two parties must be involved.","translation":"لكي يتم التبادل، يجب أن يشارك طرفان على الأقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Marketing is relevant to both business and non-profit organizations.","translation":"التسويق ذو صلة بالمنظمات التجارية وغير الربحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Marketing management involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling marketing activities.","translation":"تتضمن إدارة التسويق تخطيط وتنظيم وتوجيه ومراقبة أنشطة التسويق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Marketing management aims to achieve desired exchange outcomes with target markets.","translation":"تهدف إدارة التسويق إلى تحقيق نتائج التبادل المرجوة مع الأسواق المستهدفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Physical products, services, ideas, persons, places, events, and information can all be marketed.","translation":"يمكن تسويق المنتجات المادية والخدمات والأفكار والأشخاص والأماكن والأحداث والمعلومات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Marketing management involves choosing a target market.","translation":"تتضمن إدارة التسويق اختيار السوق المستهدف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The focus of marketing management is on getting, keeping, and growing customers.","translation":"يركز إدارة التسويق على الحصول على العملاء والاحتفاظ بهم وتنميتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Marketing management creates and communicates superior values for customers.","translation":"تقوم إدارة التسويق بإنشاء قيم فائقة للعملاء ونقلها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The production concept focuses on producing goods efficiently.","translation":"يركز مفهوم الإنتاج على إنتاج السلع بكفاءة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The product concept emphasizes product quality and features.","translation":"يؤكد مفهوم المنتج على جودة المنتج وميزاته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The selling concept focuses on aggressive selling and promotion.","translation":"يركز مفهوم البيع على البيع والترويج العدوانيين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The cost of raising funds through different sources are different.","translation":"تختلف تكلفة جمع الأموال من خلال مصادر مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A prudent financial manager would normally opt for a source which is the cheapest.","translation":"عادة ما يختار المدير المالي الحكيم المصدر الأرخص.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The risk associated with each of the sources is different.","translation":"يختلف الخطر المرتبط بكل مصدر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Higher the floatation cost, less attractive the source.","translation":"كلما ارتفعت تكلفة الإصدار، قل جاذبية المصدر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A stronger cash flow position may make debt financing more viable than funding through equity.","translation":"قد يجعل التدفق النقدي الأقوى تمويل الديون أكثر جدوى من التمويل عن طريق الأسهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If a business has high fixed operating costs, It must reduce fixed financing costs.","translation":"إذا كانت الشركة لديها تكاليف تشغيل ثابتة عالية، فيجب عليها تقليل تكاليف التمويل الثابتة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Companies afraid of a takeover bid would prefer debt to equity.","translation":"تفضل الشركات التي تخشى عرض الاستحواذ الديون على الأسهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"During the period when stock market is rising, more people invest in equity.","translation":"خلال الفترة التي يرتفع فيها سوق الأسهم، يستثمر المزيد من الناس في الأسهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Dividend is that portion of profit which is distributed to shareholders.","translation":"الأرباح هي ذلك الجزء من الأرباح الذي يتم توزيعه على المساهمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The decision involved here is how much of the profit earned by company is to be distributed to the shareholders.","translation":"القرار المتضمن هنا هو مقدار الربح الذي حققته الشركة والذي سيتم توزيعه على المساهمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Companies generally follow a policy of stabilising dividend per share.","translation":"تتبع الشركات عمومًا سياسة استقرار الأرباح لكل سهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Companies having good growth opportunities retain more money out of their earnings so as to finance the required investment.","translation":"تحتفظ الشركات التي لديها فرص نمو جيدة بمزيد من الأموال من أرباحها لتمويل الاستثمار المطلوب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The payment of dividend involves an outflow of cash.","translation":"يتضمن دفع الأرباح تدفقًا نقديًا خارجًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If the shareholders in general desire that at least a certain amount is paid as dividend, the companies are likely to declare the same.","translation":"إذا رغب المساهمون بشكل عام في دفع مبلغ معين على الأق�� كأرباح، فمن المحتمل أن تعلن الشركات عن ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"If tax on dividend is higher, it is better to pay less by way of dividends.","translation":"إذا كان الضريبة على الأرباح أعلى، فمن الأفضل دفع أقل كأرباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Investors, in general, view an increase in dividend as a good news and stock prices react positively to it.","translation":"ينظر المستثمرون، بشكل عام، إلى الزيادة في الأرباح على أنها أخبار جيدة وتتفاعل أسعار الأسهم بشكل إيجابي معها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Large and reputed companies generally have easy access to the capital market.","translation":"عادة ما تتمتع الشركات الكبيرة وذات السمعة الطيبة بسهولة الوصول إلى سوق رأس المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Financial planning is essentially the preparation of a financial blueprint of an organisation’s future operations.","translation":"التخطيط المالي هو في الأساس إعداد مخطط مالي للعمليات المستقبلية للمؤسسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Financial management aims at choosing the best investment and financing alternatives by focusing on their costs and benefits.","translation":"يهدف الإدارة المالية إلى اختيار أفضل بدائل الاستثمار والتمويل من خلال التركيز على تكاليفها وفوائدها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Financial planning on the other hand aims at smooth operations by focusing on fund requirements and their availability in the light of financial decisions.","translation":"من ناحية أخرى، يهدف التخطيط المالي إلى سلاسة العمليات من خلال التركيز على متطلبات الأموال وتوافرها في ضوء القرارات المالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Advertising costs a lot of money, but it helps increase product demand.","translation":"تكلف الإعلانات الكثير من المال، لكنها تساعد على زيادة الطلب على المنتج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Personal selling is a powerful tool for creating demand for a firm’s products.","translation":"البيع الشخصي أداة قوية لخلق الطلب على منتجات الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sales promotion activities attract attention because of the use of incentives.","translation":"تثير أنشطة الترويج للمبيعات الانتباه بسبب استخدام الحوافز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Public relations involves a variety of programs designed to promote or protect a company’s image.","translation":"تشمل العلاقات العامة مجموعة متنوعة من البرامج المصممة لتعزيز صورة الشركة أو حمايتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Marketing is not merely a post-production activity; it includes activities before and after production.","translation":"التسويق ليس مجرد نشاط ما بعد الإنتاج؛ بل يشمل أنشطة قبل وبعد الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The cost of an advertisement on TV for a few seconds can be several lakhs of rupees.","translation":"قد تكلف الإعلانات على التلفزيون لبضع ثوانٍ عدة لاخات من الروبيات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Advertising can sometimes confuse buyers with similar claims made by different brands.","translation":"يمكن للإعلانات في بعض الأحيان أن تربك المشترين بادعاءات مماثلة تقدمها علامات تجارية مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Personal selling is more flexible than other promotional tools like advertising.","translation":"البيع الشخصي أكثر مرونة من أدوات الترويج الأخرى مثل الإعلان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sales promotion can be very effective when launching a new product.","translation":"يمكن أن يكون الترويج للمبيعات فعالًا جدًا عند إطلاق منتج جديد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Publicity is an unpaid form of communication, unlike advertising.","translation":"ال��عاية هي شكل غير مدفوع من التواصل، على عكس الإعلان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Marketing research helps in gathering and analyzing market information.","translation":"تساعد أبحاث التسويق في جمع وتحليل معلومات السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The four Ps of marketing are product, price, place, and promotion.","translation":"الأربعة P's للتسويق هي المنتج والسعر والمكان والترويج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A product is a mixture of tangible and intangible attributes that satisfy customer needs.","translation":"المنتج هو مزيج من السمات الملموسة وغير الملموسة التي تلبي احتياجات العملاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Advertising can create awareness and build interest in a product.","translation":"يمكن للإعلان أن يخلق الوعي ويبني الاهتمام بالمنتج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Personal selling provides direct feedback from the customer.","translation":"يوفر البيع الشخصي ردود فعل مباشرة من العميل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Sales promotion includes incentives to encourage immediate purchases.","translation":"يشمل الترويج للمبيعات حوافز لتشجيع عمليات الشراء الفورية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Public relations aims to manage public opinion of an organization.","translation":"تهدف العلاقات العامة إلى إدارة الرأي العام للمنظمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Marketing mix elements are combined to create an offer for the target market.","translation":"يتم الجمع بين عناصر المزيج التسويقي لإنشاء عرض للسوق المستهدف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The role of personal selling is very important in the introduction stage of a new product.","translation":"دور البيع الشخصي مهم جدًا في مرحلة تقديم منتج جديد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Companies use sales promotion tools to boost sales to customers, tradesmen, and salespersons.","translation":"تستخدم الشركات أدوات الترويج للمبيعات لتعزيز المبيعات للعملاء والتجار ورجال المبيعات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The consumer has a right to be protected against goods and services which are hazardous to life, health and property.","translation":"للمستهلك الحق في الحماية من السلع والخدمات التي تشكل خطراً على الحياة والصحة والممتلكات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Consumers need protection against such malpractices of the sellers.","translation":"يحتاج المستهلكون إلى الحماية من هذه الممارسات الخاطئة للبائعين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Consumer Protection Act 2019 seeks to protect and promote the consumers’ interest through speedy and inexpensive redressal of their grievances.","translation":"يهدف قانون حماية المستهلك لعام 2019 إلى حماية وتعزيز مصالح المستهلكين من خلال معالجة مظالمهم بسرعة وبتكلفة منخفضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A consumer is said to be a KING in the free market economy.","translation":"يقال إن المستهلك هو الملك في اقتصاد السوق الحرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The consumer has a right to file a complaint and to be heard in case of dissatisfaction with a good or a service.","translation":"للمستهلك الحق في تقديم شكوى والاستماع إليها في حالة عدم الرضا عن سلعة أو خدمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Advertising is therefore considered an essential function of marketing.","translation":"لذلك تعتبر الإعلانات وظيفة أساسية للتسويق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The limitations of advertising are that it is less forceful, lacks feedback, inflexibility and low effectiveness.","translation":"قيود الإعلان هي أنه أقل قوة، ويفتقر إلى ردود الفعل، والجمود، وانخفاض الفعالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The most common Objections to Advertising are that it adds to cost, undermines social Values, confuses the buyers and encourages sale of Inferior Products.","translation":"أكثر الاعتراضات شيوعًا على الإعلان هي أنه يضيف إلى التكلفة، ويقوض القيم الاجتماعية، ويربك المشترين، ويشجع على بيع المنتجات الرديئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Personal selling involves oral presentation of message in the form of conversation with one or more prospective customers for the purpose of making sales.","translation":"تتضمن المبيعات الشخصية عرضًا شفهيًا للرسالة في شكل محادثة مع عميل محتمل واحد أو أكثر بهدف إجراء المبيعات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Sales Promotion refers to short-term incentives, which are designed to encourage the buyers to make immediate purchase of a product service.","translation":"تشير عروض المبيعات إلى الحوافز قصيرة الأجل، والتي تهدف إلى تشجيع المشترين على إجراء عملية شراء فورية لخدمة المنتج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Publicity is similar to advertising, in the sense that it is a non-personal form of communication.","translation":"تشبه الدعاية الإعلان، بمعنى أنها شكل غير شخصي من أشكال الاتصال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is about managing organisations image in the eyes of all stake holders.","translation":"يتعلق الأمر بإدارة صورة المنظمات في أعين جميع أصحاب المصلحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What is marketing? What functions does it perform in the process of exchange of goods and services? Explain.","translation":"ما هو التسويق؟ ما هي الوظائف التي يؤديها في عملية تبادل السلع والخدمات؟ اشرح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Distinguish between the product concept and production concept of marketing.","translation":"التمييز بين مفهوم المنتج ومفهوم الإنتاج للتسويق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Product is a bundle of utilities. Explain.","translation":"المنتج عبارة عن مجموعة من المرافق. اشرح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What are industrial products? How are they different from consumer products? Explain.","translation":"ما هي المنتجات الصناعية؟ كيف تختلف عن المنتجات الاستهلاكية؟ اشرح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Describe the functions of labeling in the marketing of products.","translation":"صف وظائف وضع العلامات في تسويق المنتجات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Define advertising? What are its main features? Explain.","translation":"حدد الإعلان؟ ما هي ميزاته الرئيسية؟ اشرح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Discuss the role of ‘sales promotion’ as an element of promotion mix.","translation":"ناقش دور 'عروض المبيعات' كعنصر من عناصر المزيج الترويجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Explain the factors determining the choice of channel of distribution.","translation":"اشرح العوامل التي تحدد اختيار قناة التوزيع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Packaging is one of the very important means of creating product differentiation.","translation":"التعبئة والتغليف هي إحدى الوسائل الهامة جدًا لخلق التمايز بين المنتجات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The colour, size, material, etc., of package makes real difference in the perception of customers about the quality of the product.","translation":"اللون والحجم والمادة وما إلى ذلك من العبوة تحدث فرقًا حقيقيًا في تصور العملاء لجودة المنتج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Packaging protects the contents of a product from spoilage, breakage, leakage, pilferage, damage, climatic effect, etc.","translation":"تحمي العبوة محتويات المنتج من التلف والكسر والتسرب والسرقة والتلف والتأثيرات المناخية وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The size and shape of the package should be such that it should be convenient to open, handle and use for the consumers.","translation":"يجب أن يكون حجم وشكل العبوة بحيث يكون من المناسب فتحها والتعامل معها واستخدامها للمستهلكين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A startling colour scheme, photograph or typeface may be used to attract attention of the people at the point of purchase.","translation":"يمكن استخدام نظام ألوان مذهل أو صورة فوتوغرافية أو نوع خط لجذب انتباه الأشخاص في نقطة الشراء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The label may vary from a simple tag attached to the product indicating some information about the quality or price, to complex graphics that are part of the package.","translation":"قد تختلف الملصقات من علامة بسيطة مرفقة بالمنتج تشير إلى بعض المعلومات حول الجودة أو السعر، إلى رسومات معقدة تعد جزءًا من العبوة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Lables are useful in providing detailed information about the product, its contents, method of use, etc.","translation":"تعتبر الملصقات مفيدة في توفير معلومات مفصلة حول المنتج ومحتوياته وطريقة الاستخدام وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The label on the package of a local tea company describes the company as ‘Mohini Tea Company, an ISO 9001:200C Certified Company’","translation":"يصف الملصق الموجود على عبوة شركة شاي محلية الشركة بأنها 'Mohini Tea Company, وهي شركة معتمدة من ISO 9001:200C'","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The label on the package of a toothpaste brand lists the ‘Ten Teeth and Gum Problems’, which the product claims to fight with its ‘Complete Germicheck Formula’","translation":"يسرد الملصق الموجود على عبوة علامة تجارية لمعجون الأسنان 'عشرة مشاكل في الأسنان واللثة'، والتي يدعي المنتج أنه يحاربها بـ 'تركيبة Germicheck الكاملة'","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One of the most important functions of labels is to describe the product, its usage, cautions in use, etc. and specify its contents.","translation":"تتمثل إحدى أهم وظائف الملصقات في وصف المنتج واستخدامه والتحذيرات في الاستخدام وما إلى ذلك وتحديد محتوياته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The other important function performed by labels is to help in identifying the product or brand.","translation":"الوظيفة الهامة الأخرى التي تؤديها الملصقات هي المساعدة في تحديد المنتج أو العلامة التجارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Sometimes marketers assign different grades to indicate different features or quality of the product.","translation":"في بعض الأحيان، يقوم المسوقون بتعيين درجات مختلفة للإشارة إلى ميزات أو جودة مختلفة للمنتج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An important function of label is to aid in promotion of the products.","translation":"تتمثل إحدى الوظائف الهامة للملصق في المساعدة في الترويج للمنتجات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A carefully designed label can attract attention and give reason to purchase.","translation":"يمكن للملصق المصمم بعناية أن يجذب الانتباه ويعطي سببًا للشراء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The label on the package of a brand of Detergent Powder says, ‘keep cloth look good and your machine in top condition’.","translation":"يقول الملصق الموجود على عبوة علامة تجارية لمسحوق الغسيل: 'حافظ على مظهر الملابس جيدًا وجهازك في حالة ممتازة'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Another important function of labeling is to provide information required by law.","translation":"وظيفة أخرى مهمة لوضع العلامات هي توفير المعلومات المطلوبة بموجب القانون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Price may therefore be defined as the amount of money paid by a buyer (or received by a seller) in consideration of the purchase of a product or a services.","translation":"لذلك، يمكن تعريف السعر على أنه مبلغ ال��ال الذي يدفعه المشتري (أو يتلقاه البائع) مقابل شراء منتج أو خدمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Pricing is often used as a regulator of the demand of a product.","translation":"غالبًا ما يستخدم التسعير كمنظم للطلب على المنتج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"One of the most important factor affecting price of a product or service is its cost.","translation":"أحد أهم العوامل التي تؤثر على سعر المنتج أو الخدمة هو تكلفتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Generally all marketing firms strive to cover all their costs, at least in the long run.","translation":"بشكل عام، تسعى جميع شركات التسويق إلى تغطية جميع تكاليفها، على الأقل على المدى الطويل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Many firms have set up their customer service and grievance cells to redress the problems and grievances of their consumers.","translation":"قامت العديد من الشركات بإنشاء أقسام لخدمة العملاء والشكاوى لمعالجة مشاكل وشكاوى عملائها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The associations of trade, commerce and business like Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce of India (FICCI) and Confederation of Indian Industries (CII) have laid down their code of conduct which lay down for their members the guidelines in their dealings with the customers.","translation":"وضعت جمعيات التجارة والتجارة والأعمال مثل اتحاد غرف التجارة والصناعة الهندية (FICCI) واتحاد الصناعات الهندية (CII) مدونة قواعد سلوك تحدد لأعضائها المبادئ التوجيهية في تعاملاتهم مع العملاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A consumer, who is well-informed about his rights and the reliefs available to him, would be in a position to raise his voice against any unfair trade practices or unscrupulous exploitation.","translation":"المستهلك، الذي لديه معلومات جيدة عن حقوقه والتعويضات المتاحة له، سيكون في وضع يسمح له برفع صوته ضد أي ممارسات تجارية غير عادلة أو استغلال غير نزيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer rights","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In addition to this, an understanding of his responsibilities would also enable a consumer to safeguard his interests.","translation":"بالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإن فهم مسؤولياته سيمكن المستهلك أيضًا من حماية مصالحه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer rights","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The government can protect the interests of the consumers by enacting various measures.","translation":"يمكن للحكومة حماية مصالح المستهلكين من خلال سن تدابير مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"government","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"For example, the GOI has set up a toll-free national consumer Helpline Number 1800114000 for this purpose.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، أنشأت الحكومة الهندية رقم خط مساعدة وطني مجاني للمستهلكين 1800114000 لهذا الغرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"government","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The legal framework in India encompasses various legislations which provide protection to consumers.","translation":"يشمل الإطار القانوني في الهند تشريعات مختلفة توفر الحماية للمستهلكين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The most important of these regulations is the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.","translation":"أهم هذه اللوائح هو قانون حماية المستهلك لعام 2019.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Act provides for a central authority to regulate matters relating to violation of rights of consumers, unfair trade practices and false or misleading advertisements which are prejudicial to the interests of consumers.","translation":"يوفر القانون سلطة مركزية لتنظيم المسائل المتعلقة بانتهاك حقوق المستهلكين، والممارسات التجارية غير العادلة، والإعلانات الكاذبة أو المضللة التي تضر بمصالح المستهلكين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This is known as Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA).","translation":"هذا يعرف باسم الهيئة المركزية لحماية المستهلك (CCPA).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A three-tier machinery at the district, state and national levels for redressal of consumer grievances.","translation":"آلية من ثلاث طبقات على مستوى المقاطعات والولايات والمستوى الوطني لتظلمات المستهلكين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer rights","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For the redressal of consumer grievances, the Consumer Protection Act 2019 provides for setting up of a three-tier enforcement machinery at the District, State, and the National levels, known as the District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, and the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission.","translation":"لتظلمات المستهلكين، يوفر قانون حماية المستهلك لعام 2019 إنشاء آلية إنفاذ من ثلاث طبقات على مستوى المقاطعات والولايات والمستوى الوطني، والمعروفة باسم لجنة تسوية منازعات المستهلكين بالمقاطعات، ولجنة تسوية منازعات المستهلكين بالولاية، واللجنة الوطنية لتسوية منازعات المستهلكين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"They are briefly referred to as the ‘District Commission’, ‘State Commission’, and the ‘National Commission’, respectively.","translation":"يشار إليهم باختصار باسم 'لجنة المقاطعة' و 'لجنة الولاية' و 'اللجنة الوطنية' على التوالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"While the National Commission is set up by the Central Government, the State Commissions and the District Forums are set up, by the State Government.","translation":"بينما يتم إنشاء اللجنة الوطنية من قبل الحكومة المركزية، يتم إنشاء لجان الولايات والمنتديات المحلية من قبل حكومة الولاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"government","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Figure on redressal agencies shows the hierarchical structure of this three-tire machinery.","translation":"يوضح الشكل الخاص بوكالات التظلمات الهيكل الهرمي لهذه الآلية ثلاثية المستويات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Let us now see how the consumer grievances are redressed by the three- tire machinery:","translation":"دعنا الآن نرى كيف يتم معالجة شكاوى المستهلكين من قبل الآلية ثلاثية المستويات:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer rights","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"District commission has a jurisdiction to entertain complaints where value of goods or services paid as consideration does not exceed one crore rupees.","translation":"تتمتع لجنة المقاطعة باختصاص النظر في الشكاوى التي لا تتجاوز فيها قيمة السلع أو الخدمات المدفوعة كاعتبار روبية واحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If any of the parties are not satisfied by the order of District Commission can appeal against such order to the State Commission on the grounds of facts or law within a period of forty five days from the date of order.","translation":"إذا لم تكن أي من الأطراف راضية عن أمر لجنة المقاطعة، فيمكنها استئناف هذا الأمر أمام لجنة الولاية على أسس الوقائع أو القانون في غضون خمسة وأربعين يومًا من تاريخ الأمر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"State Commission has a jurisdiction to entertain complaints where value of goods and services paid as consideration exceeds one crore but does not exceed ten crore rupees.","translation":"تتمتع لجنة الولاية باختصاص النظر في الشكاوى التي تتجاوز فيها قيمة السلع والخدمات المدفوعة كاعتبار روبية واحدة ولكنها لا تتجاوز عشرة كرور روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"National Commission has a jurisdiction to entertain complaints where value of goods or services paid as consideration exceeds ten crores of rupees.","translation":"تتمتع اللجنة الوطنية باختصاص النظر في الشكاوى التي تتجاوز فيها قيمة السلع أو الخدمات المدفوعة كاعتبار عشرة كرور روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/Chemistry-Part-II-XI_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,240 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"To balance the O atoms in the reduction half reaction, we add two water molecules on the right.","translation":"لموازنة ذرات الأكسجين في تفاعل النصف المختزل، نضيف جزيئتي ماء على اليمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The oxidation half reaction is thus rewritten to balance the charge.","translation":"وبالتالي، تتم إعادة كتابة تفاعل نصف الأكسدة لتحقيق التوازن في الشحنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We add six electrons on the left side.","translation":"نضيف ستة إلكترونات على الجانب الأيسر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This gives the net ionic equation as : 6Fe 2+ (aq) + Cr 2 O 7 2– (aq) + 14H + (aq) → 6 Fe 3+ (aq) + 2Cr 3+ (aq) + 7H 2 O(l) (7.58)","translation":"هذا يعطي المعادلة الأيونية الصافية على النحو التالي: 6Fe 2+ (aq) + Cr 2 O 7 2– (aq) + 14H + (aq) → 6 Fe 3+ (aq) + 2Cr 3+ (aq) + 7H 2 O(l) (7.58)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Verify that the equation contains the same type and number of atoms and the same charges on both sides of the equation.","translation":"تحقق من أن المعادلة تحتوي على نفس النوع وعدد الذرات ونفس الشحنات على جانبي المعادلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For the reaction in a basic medium, first balance the atoms as is done in acidic medium.","translation":"بالنسبة للتفاعل في وسط أساسي، قم أولاً بموازنة الذرات كما هو الحال في الوسط الحمضي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Then for each H + ion, add an equal number of OH – ions to both sides of the equation.","translation":"ثم لكل أيون H +، أضف عددًا متساويًا من أيونات OH – إلى كلا جانبي المعادلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Where H + and OH – appear on the same side of the equation, combine these to give H 2 O.","translation":"عندما يظهر H + و OH – على نفس جانب المعادلة، اجمعهم لإعطاء H 2 O.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Write a balanced ionic equation to represent this redox reaction.","translation":"اكتب معادلة أيونية متوازنة لتمثيل تفاعل الأكسدة والاختزال هذا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"First we write the skeletal ionic equation, which is MnO 4 – (aq) + I – (aq) → MnO 2 (s) + I 2 (s)","translation":"أولاً، نكتب المعادلة الأيونية الهيكلية، وهي MnO 4 – (aq) + I – (aq) → MnO 2 (s) + I 2 (s)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The two half-reactions are:","translation":"تفاعلا النصف هما:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"To balance the I atoms in the oxidation half reaction, we rewrite it as: 2I – (aq) → I 2 (s)","translation":"لموازنة ذرات I في تفاعل نصف الأكسدة، نعيد كتابتها على النحو التالي: 2I – (aq) → I 2 (s)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As the reaction takes place in a basic solution, therefore, for four H + ions, we add four OH – ions to both sides of the equation:","translation":"بما أن التفاعل يتم في محلول أساسي، لذلك، بالنسبة لأربعة أيونات H +، نضيف أربعة أيونات OH – إلى كلا جانبي المعادلة:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Now to equalise the number of electrons, we multiply the oxidation half-reaction by 3 and the reduction half-reaction by 2.","translation":"الآن لمساواة عدد الإلكترونات، نضرب تفاعل نصف الأكسدة في 3 وتفاعل نصف الاختزال في 2.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Add two half-reactions to obtain the net reactions after cancelling electrons on both sides.","translation":"أضف تفاعلي النصف للحصول على التفاعلات الصافية بعد إلغاء الإلكترونات على كلا الجانبين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A final verification shows that the equation is balanced in respect of the number of atoms and charges on both sides.","translation":"يُظهر التحقق النهائي أن المعادلة متوازنة فيما يتعلق بعدد الذرات والشحنات على كلا الجانبين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In acid-base systems we come across with a titration method for finding out the strength of one solution against the other using a pH sensitive indicator.","translation":"في أنظمة الأحماض والقواعد، نصادف طريقة المعايرة لتحديد قوة محلول ما مقابل الآخر باستخدام مؤشر حساس لدرجة الحموضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Similarly, in redox systems, the titration method can be adopted to determine the strength of a reductant/ oxidant using a redox sensitive indicator.","translation":"وبالمثل، في أنظمة الأكسدة والاختزال، يمكن اعتماد طريقة المعايرة لتحديد قوة عامل الاختزال / المؤكسد باستخدام مؤشر حساس للأكسدة والاختزال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The usage of indicators in redox titration is illustrated below:","translation":"يوضح استخدام المؤشرات في معايرة الأكسدة والاختزال أدناه:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In one situation, the reagent itself is intensely coloured, e.g., per manganate ion, MnO 4 – .","translation":"في إحدى الحالات، يكون الكاشف نفسه ملونًا بشدة، على سبيل المثال، أيون برمنغنات، MnO 4 – .","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Chemistry deals with varieties of matter and change of one kind of matter into the other.","translation":"تتعامل الكيمياء مع أنواع مختلفة من المادة وتغير نوع واحد من المادة إلى نوع آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Transformation of matter from one kind into another occurs through the various types of reactions.","translation":"يحدث تحول المادة من نوع إلى آخر من خلال الأنواع المختلفة من التفاعلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One important category of such reactions is Redox Reactions.","translation":"إحدى الفئات الهامة لهذه التفاعلات هي تفاعلات الأكسدة والاختزال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A number of phenomena, both physical as well as biological, are concerned with redox reactions.","translation":"يتعلق عدد من الظواهر، سواء الفيزيائية أو البيولوجية، بتفاعلات الأكسدة والاختزال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These reactions find extensive use in pharmaceutical, biological, industrial, metallurgical and agricultural areas.","translation":"تجد هذه التفاعلات استخدامًا واسعًا في المجالات الصيدلانية والبيولوجية والصناعية والتعدينية والزراعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The importance of these reactions is apparent from the fact that burning of different types of fuels for obtaining energy for domestic, transport and other commercial purposes.","translation":"تتضح أهمية هذه التفاعلات من حقيقة أن حرق أنواع مختلفة من الوقود للحصول على الطاقة للأغراض المنزلية والنقل والأغراض التجارية الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Electrochemical processes for extraction of highly reactive metals and non-metals, manufacturing of chemical compounds like caustic soda, operation of dry and wet batteries and corrosion of metals fall within the purview of redox processes.","translation":"تقع العمليات الكهروكيميائية لاستخلاص المعادن شديدة التفاعل واللافلزات، وتصنيع المركبات الكيميائية مثل الصودا الكاوية، وتشغيل البطاريات الجافة والرطبة، وتآكل المعادن، ضمن نطاق عمليات الأكسدة والاختزال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Of late, environmental issues like Hydrogen Economy (use of liquid hydrogen as fuel) and development of ‘Ozone Hole’ have started figuring under redox phenomenon.","translation":"في الآونة الأخيرة، بدأت القضايا البيئية مثل اقتصاد الهيدروجين (استخدام الهيدروجين السائل كوقود) وتطور 'ثقب الأوزون' في الظهور في إطار ظاهرة الأكسدة والاختزال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Originally, the term oxidation was used to describe the addition of oxygen to an element or a compound.","translation":"في الأصل، استخدم مصطلح الأكسدة لوصف إضافة الأكسجين إلى عنصر أو مركب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Because of the presence of dioxygen in the atmosphere (~20%), many elements combine with it and this is the principal reason why they commonly occur on the earth in the form of their oxides.","translation":"بسبب وجود ثنائي الأكسجين في الغلاف الجوي (~20٪)، تتحد العديد من العناصر معه وهذا هو السبب الرئيسي وراء ظهورها بشكل شائع على الأرض في شكل أكاسيدها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The following reactions represent oxidation processes according to the limited definition of oxidation:","translation":"تمثل التفاعلات التالية عمليات الأكسدة وفقًا للتعريف المحدود للأكسدة:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"After studying this unit you will be able to identify redox reactions as a class of reactions in which oxidation and reduction reactions occur simultaneously.","translation":"بعد دراسة هذه الوحدة، ستتمكن من تحديد تفاعلات الأكسدة والاختزال كفئة من التفاعلات التي تحدث فيها تفاعلات الأكسدة والاختزال في وقت واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Define the terms oxidation, reduction, oxidant (oxidising agent) and reductant (reducing agent).","translation":"حدد مصطلحات الأكسدة والاختزال والمؤكسد (العامل المؤكسد) والمختزل (العامل المختزل).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Explain mechanism of redox reactions by electron transfer process.","translation":"اشرح آلية تفاعلات الأكسدة والاختزال عن طريق عملية نقل الإلكترون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Use the concept of oxidation number to identify oxidant and reductant in a reaction.","translation":"استخدم مفهوم رقم الأكسدة لتحديد المؤكسد والمختزل في التفاعل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Classify redox reaction into combination (synthesis), decomposition, displacement and disproportionation reactions.","translation":"صنف تفاعل الأكسدة والاختزال إلى تفاعلات التكوين (التركيب) والتحلل والإزاحة وعدم التناسب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Suggest a comparative order among various reductants and oxidants.","translation":"اقترح ترتيبًا مقارنًا بين مختلف المختزلات والمؤكسدات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Balance chemical equations using (i) oxidation number (ii) half reaction method.","translation":"وازن المعادلات الكيميائية باستخدام (1) رقم الأكسدة (2) طريقة نصف التفاعل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Learn the concept of redox reactions in terms of electrode processes.","translation":"تعلم مفهوم تفاعلات الأكسدة والاختزال من حيث عمليات القطب الكهربائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Where there is oxidation, there is always reduction – Chemistry is essentially a study of redox systems.","translation":"حيث توجد الأكسدة، توجد دائمًا الاختزال - الكيمياء هي في الأساس دراسة لأنظمة الأكسدة والاختزال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The chemical reactivity in an organic molecule is usually the site of chemical reactions.","translation":"عادة ما يكون التفاعل الكيميائي في الجزيء العضوي هو موقع التفاعلات الكيميائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Compounds having the same functional group undergo similar reactions.","translation":"تخضع المركبات التي تحتوي على نفس المجموعة الوظيفية لتفاعلات مماثلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"For example, CH 3 OH, CH 3 CH 2 OH, and (CH 3 ) 2 CHOH — all having -OH functional group liberate hydrogen on reaction with sodium metal.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، CH 3 OH و CH 3 CH 2 OH و (CH 3 ) 2 CHOH - جميعها تحتوي على مجموعة وظيفية -OH تطلق الهيدروجين عند التفاعل مع معدن الصوديوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The presence of functional groups enables systematisation of organic compounds into different classes.","translation":"يتيح وجود المجموعات الوظيفية تنظيم المركبات العضوية في فئات مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"First of all, the functional group present in the molecule is identified which determines the choice of appropriate suffix.","translation":"أولاً وقبل كل شيء، يتم تحديد المجموعة الوظيفية الموجودة في الجزيء والتي تحدد اختيار اللاحقة المناسبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The longest chain of carbon atoms containing the functional group is numbered in such a way that the functional group is attached at the carbon atom possessing lowest possible number in the chain.","translation":"يتم ترقيم أطول سلسلة من ذرات الكربون التي تحتوي على المجموعة الوظيفية بطريقة يتم فيها ربط المجموعة الوظيفية بذرة الكربون التي تحمل أقل رقم ممكن في السلسلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"By using the suffix as given in Table 8.4, the name of the compound is arrived at.","translation":"باستخدام اللاحقة كما هو موضح في الجدول 8.4، يتم الوصول إلى اسم المركب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In the case of polyfunctional compounds, one of the functional groups is chosen as the principal functional group and the compound is then named on that basis.","translation":"في حالة المركبات متعددة الوظائف، يتم اختيار إحدى المجموعات الوظيفية كمجموعة وظيفية رئيسية ثم يتم تسمية المركب على هذا الأساس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The remaining functional groups, which are subordinate functional groups, are named as substituents using the appropriate prefixes.","translation":"تسمى المجموعات الوظيفية المتبقية، وهي مجموعات وظيفية تابعة، كمجموعات بديلة باستخدام البادئات المناسبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The choice of principal functional group is made on the basis of order of preference.","translation":"يتم اختيار المجموعة الوظيفية الرئيسية على أساس ترتيب الأفضلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Thus, a compound containing both an alcohol and a keto group is named as hydroxyalkanone since the keto group is preferred to the hydroxyl group.","translation":"وبالتالي، يسمى المركب الذي يحتوي على كل من مجموعة كحول ومجموعة كيتو باسم هيدروكسي ألكانون لأن مجموعة الكيتو مفضلة على مجموعة الهيدروكسيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"For example, HOCH 2 (CH 2 ) 3 CH 2 COCH 3 will be named as 7-hydroxyheptan-2-one and not as 2-oxoheptan -7-ol.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، سيتم تسمية HOCH 2 (CH 2 ) 3 CH 2 COCH 3 باسم 7-هيدروكسي هيبتان-2-أون وليس باسم 2-أوكسوهيبتان -7-أول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Similarly, BrCH 2 CH=CH 2 is named as 3-bromoprop-1-ene and not 1-bromoprop-2-ene.","translation":"وبالمثل، يسمى BrCH 2 CH=CH 2 باسم 3-بروموبروب-1-إين وليس 1-بروموبروب-2-إين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If more than one functional group of the same type are present, their number is indicated by adding di, tri, etc. before the class suffix.","translation":"إذا كان هناك أكثر من مجموعة وظيفية من نفس النوع، فسيتم الإشارة إلى عددها عن طريق إضافة دي، تري، إلخ. قبل لاحقة الفئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In such cases the full name of the parent alkane is written before the class suffix.","translation":"في مثل هذه الحالات، يُكتب الاسم الكامل للألكان الأم قبل لاحقة الفئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"For example CH 2 (OH)CH 2 (OH) is named as ethane–1,2–diol.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، يسمى CH 2 (OH)CH 2 (OH) باسم إيثان-1،2-ديول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"However, the ending – ne of the parent alkane is dropped in the case of compounds having more than one double or triple bond; for example, CH 2 =CH-CH=CH 2 is named as buta–1,3–diene.","translation":"ومع ذلك، يتم حذف النهاية - ne للألكان الأم في حالة المركبات التي تحتوي على أكثر من رابطة مزدوجة أو ثلاثية واحدة؛ على سبيل المثال، يسمى CH 2 =CH-CH=CH 2 باسم بيوتا-1،3-ديين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Write the IUPAC names of the compounds i-iv from their given structures.","translation":"اكتب أسماء IUPAC للمركبات من الأول إلى الرابع من هياكلها المحددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The functional group present is an alcohol (OH). Hence the suffix is ‘-ol’.","translation":"المجموعة الوظيفية الموجودة هي كحول (OH). وبالتالي فإن اللاحقة هي '-ol'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The longest chain containing -OH has eight carbon atoms. Hence the corresponding saturated hydrocarbon is octane.","translation":"أطول سلسلة تحتوي على -OH بها ثماني ذرات كربون. وبالتالي فإن الهيدروكربون المشبع المقابل هو الأوكتان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What is the maximum weight of nitric oxide that can be obtained starting only with 10.00 g. of ammonia and 20.00 g of oxygen?","translation":"ما هو الحد الأقصى لوزن أكسيد النيتريك الذي يمكن الحصول عليه بدءًا من 10.00 جرام فقط من الأمونيا و 20.00 جرام من الأكسجين؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Predict if the reaction between the following is feasible: (a) Fe 3+ (aq) and I – (aq)","translation":"توقع ما إذا كان التفاعل بين ما يلي ممكنًا: (أ) Fe 3+ (aq) و I – (aq)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Arrange the following metals in the order in which they displace each other from the solution of their salts. Al, Cu, Fe, Mg and Zn.","translation":"رتب الفلزات التالية بالترتيب الذي تحل فيه بعضها محل بعض من محلول أملاحها. Al و Cu و Fe و Mg و Zn.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Depict the galvanic cell in which the reaction Zn(s) + 2Ag + (aq) → Zn 2+ (aq) +2Ag(s) takes place, Further show: (i) which of the electrode is negatively charged","translation":"صور الخلية الجلفانية التي يحدث فيها التفاعل Zn(s) + 2Ag + (aq) → Zn 2+ (aq) +2Ag(s)، وأظهر أيضًا: (1) أي من القطبين مشحون بشحنة سالبة","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Organic compounds are vital for sustaining life on earth and include complex molecules like genetic information bearing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and proteins.","translation":"المركبات العضوية ضرورية للحفاظ على الحياة على الأرض وتشمل جزيئات معقدة مثل الحمض النووي الريبي منقوص الأكسجين (DNA) الحامل للمعلومات الوراثية والبروتينات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The resulting compounds are studied under a separate branch of chemistry called organic chemistry.","translation":"تُدرس المركبات الناتجة تحت فرع منفصل من الكيمياء يسمى الكيمياء العضوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This unit incorporates some basic principles and techniques of analysis required for understanding the formation and properties of organic compounds.","translation":"تتضمن هذه الوحدة بعض المبادئ والتقنيات الأساسية للتحليل اللازمة لفهم تكوين وخصائص المركبات العضوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Organic compounds appear in materials like clothing, fuels, polymers, dyes and medicines.","translation":"تظهر المركبات العضوية في مواد مثل الملابس والوقود والبوليمرات والأصباغ والأدوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Around the year 1780, chemists began to distinguish between organic compounds obtained from plants and animals and inorganic compounds prepared from mineral sources.","translation":"حوالي عام 1780، بدأ الكيميائيون في التمييز بين المركبات العضوية التي يتم الحصول عليها من النباتات والحيوانات والمركبات غير العضوية المحضرة من المصادر المعدنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The pioneering synthesis of acetic acid by Kolbe (1845) and that of methane by Berthelot (1856) showed conclusively that organic compounds could be synthesised from inorganic sources in a laboratory.","translation":"أظهر التخليق الرائد لحمض الأسيتيك بواسطة كولبي (1845) والميثان بواسطة بيرتيلو (1856) بشكل قاطع أنه يمكن تصنيع المركبات العضوية من مصادر غير عضوية في المختبر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The development of electronic theory of covalent bonding ushered organic chemistry into its modern shape.","translation":"أدخل تطوير النظرية الإلكترونية للترابط التساهمي الكيمياء العضوية في شكلها الحديث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The knowledge of fundamental concepts of molecular structure helps in understanding and predicting the properties of organic compounds.","translation":"تساعد معرفة المفاهيم الأساسية للبنية الجزيئية في فهم وتوقع خصائص المركبات العضوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You have already learnt theories of valency and molecular structure in Unit 4.","translation":"لقد تعلمت بالفعل نظريات التكافؤ والبنية الجزيئية في الوحدة 4.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Hybridisation influences the bond length and bond enthalpy (strength) in compounds.","translation":"يؤثر التهجين على طول الرابطة وإنثالبي الرابطة (القوة) في المركبات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The greater the s character of the hybrid orbitals, the greater is the electronegativity.","translation":"كلما زاد طابع s للمدارات الهجينة، زادت السالبية الكهربية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In a π (pi) bond formation, parallel orientation of the two p orbitals on adjacent atoms is necessary for a proper sideways overlap.","translation":"في تكوين رابطة π (pi)، يكون التوجه المتوازي للمدارين p على الذرات المجاورة ضروريًا للتداخل الجانبي المناسب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Rotation of one CH 2 fragment with respect to other interferes with maximum overlap of p orbitals and, therefore, such rotation about carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) is restricted.","translation":"يتعارض دوران جزء CH 2 واحد بالنسبة للآخر مع أقصى تداخل للمدارات p، وبالتالي، فإن هذا الدوران حول الرابطة المزدوجة بين الكربون والكربون (C=C) مقيد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The electron charge cloud of the π bond is located above and below the plane of bonding atoms.","translation":"يقع سحابة الشحنة الإلكترونية للرابطة π فوق وتحت مستوى ذرات الترابط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In general, π bonds provide the most reactive centres in the molecules containing multiple bonds.","translation":"بشكل عام، توفر روابط π المراكز الأكثر تفاعلية في الجزيئات التي تحتوي على روابط متعددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How many σ and π bonds are present in each of the following molecules? (a) HC≡CCH=CHCH 3","translation":"كم عدد روابط σ و π الموجودة في كل من الجزيئات التالية؟ (أ) HC≡CCH=CHCH 3","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"All combustion reactions, which make use of elemental dioxygen, as well as other reactions involving elements other than dioxygen, are redox reactions.","translation":"جميع تفاعلات الاحتراق، التي تستخدم الأكسجين ثنائي الذرة، وكذلك التفاعلات الأخرى التي تتضمن عناصر أخرى غير الأكسجين ثنائي الذرة، هي تفاعلات أكسدة واختزال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Decomposition reactions are the opposite of combination reactions.","translation":"تفاعلات التحلل هي عكس تفاعلات الاتحاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In a displacement reaction, an ion (or an atom) in a compound is replaced by an ion (or an atom) of another element.","translation":"في تفاعل الإزاحة، يتم استبدال أيون (أو ذرة) في مركب بأيون (أو ذرة) لعنصر آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Metal displacement reactions find many applications in metallurgical processes in which pure metals are obtained from their compounds in ores.","translation":"تجد تفاعلات إزاحة الفلزات العديد من التطبيقات في العمليات المعدنية التي يتم فيها الحصول على الفلزات النقية من مركباتها في الخامات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"All alkali metals and some alkaline earth metals (Ca, Sr, and Ba) which are very good reductants, will displace hydrogen from cold water.","translation":"جميع الفلزات القلوية وبعض الفلزات القلوية الترابية (Ca و Sr و Ba) التي تعتبر عوامل اختزال جيدة جدًا، ستزيح الهيدروجين من الماء البارد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Many metals, including those which do not react with cold water, are capable of displacing hydrogen from acids.","translation":"العديد من الفلزات، بما في ذلك تلك التي لا تتفاعل مع الماء البارد، قادرة على إزاحة الهيدروجين من الأحماض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Reactions (7.37 to 7.39) are used to prepare dihydrogen gas in the laboratory.","translation":"تُستخدم التفاعلات (7.37 إلى 7.39) لتحضير غاز ثنائي الهيدروجين في المختبر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The power of these elements as oxidising agents decreases as we move down from fluorine to iodine in group 17 of the periodic table.","translation":"تقل قوة هذه العناصر كعوامل مؤكسدة كلما انتقلنا من الفلور إلى اليود في المجموعة 17 من الجدول الدوري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Disproportionation reactions are a special type of redox reactions.","translation":"تفاعلات عدم التناسب هي نوع خاص من تفاعلات الأكسدة والاختزال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is a familiar example of the reaction, where oxygen experiences disproportionation.","translation":"تحلل فوق أكسيد الهيدروجين هو مثال مألوف على التفاعل، حيث يمر الأكسجين بعدم تناسب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The reaction (7.48) describes the formation of household bleaching agents.","translation":"يصف التفاعل (7.48) تكوين عوامل التبييض المنزلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This departure shown by fluorine is not surprising for us as we know the limitation of fluorine that, being the most electronegative element, it cannot exhibit any positive oxidation state.","translation":"هذا الانحراف الذي يظهره الفلور ليس مفاجئًا لنا لأننا نعرف قيود الفلور، كونه العنصر الأكثر سالبية كهربائية، فإنه لا يمكن أن يظهر أي حالة أكسدة موجبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In writing equations for oxidation-reduction reactions, just as for other reactions, the compositions and formulas must be known for the substances that react and for the products that are formed.","translation":"عند كتابة معادلات تفاعلات الأكسدة والاختزال، كما هو الحال بالنسبة للتفاعلات الأخرى، يجب معرفة تركيبات وصيغ المواد المتفاعلة والمنتجات المتكونة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Two methods are used to balance chemical equations for redox processes.","translation":"تُستخدم طريقتان لموازنة المعادلات الكيميائية لعمليات الأكسدة والاختزال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"One of these methods is based on the change in the oxidation number of reducing agent and the oxidising agent and the other method is based on splitting the redox reaction into two half reactions — one involving oxidation and the other involving reduction.","translation":"تعتمد إحدى هذه الطرق على التغير في رقم الأكسدة لعامل الاختزال والعامل المؤكسد، وتعتمد الطريقة الأخرى على تقسيم تفاعل الأكسدة والاختزال إلى تفاعلين نصفيين - أحدهما يتضمن الأكسدة والآخر يتضمن الاختزال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Step 1: Write the correct formula for each reactant and product.","translation":"الخطوة 1: اكتب الصيغة الصحيحة لكل مادة متفاعلة وناتج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This indicates that the dichromate ion is the oxidant and the sulphite ion is the reductant.","translation":"يشير هذا إلى أن أيون ثنائي الكرومات هو المؤكسد وأيون الكبريتيت هو المختزل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As the reaction occurs in the acidic medium, and further the ionic charges are not equal on both the sides, add 8H + on the left to make ionic charges equal","translation":"نظرًا لأن التفاعل يحدث في وسط حمضي، وعلاوة على ذلك، فإن الشحنات الأيونية غير متساوية على كلا الجانبين، أضف 8H + على اليسار لجعل الشحنات الأيونية متساوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Finally, count the hydrogen atoms, and add appropriate number of water molecules (i.e., 4H 2 O) on the right to achieve balanced redox change.","translation":"أخيرًا، قم بعد ذرات الهيدروجين، وأضف العدد المناسب من جزيئات الماء (أي 4H 2 O) على اليمين لتحقيق تغيير الأكسدة والاختزال المتوازن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Suppose we are to balance the equation showing the oxidation of Fe 2+ ions to Fe 3+ ions by dichromate ions (Cr 2 O 7 ) 2– in acidic medium, wherein, Cr 2 O 7 2– ions are reduced to Cr 3+ ions.","translation":"لنفترض أننا سنقوم بموازنة المعادلة التي توضح أكسدة أيونات Fe 2+ إلى أيونات Fe 3+ بواسطة أيونات ثنائي الكرومات (Cr 2 O 7 ) 2– في وسط حمضي، حيث يتم اختزال أيونات Cr 2 O 7 2– إلى أيونات Cr 3+.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The presence of sulfur can be detected using sodium fusion extract.","translation":"يمكن الكشف عن وجود الكبريت باستخدام مستخلص الانصهار الصوديومي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Quantitative analysis is crucial in organic chemistry.","translation":"التحليل الكمي أمر بالغ الأهمية في الكيمياء العضوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Carbon and hydrogen are estimated in one experiment.","translation":"يتم تقدير الكربون والهيدروجين في تجربة واحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The mass of water produced is determined by passing the mixture through a weighed U-tube.","translation":"يتم تحديد كتلة الماء المنتج عن طريق تمرير الخليط عبر أنبوب U ذي وزن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The percentage of carbon is calculated using the mass of carbon dioxide.","translation":"يتم حساب نسبة الكربون باستخدام كتلة ثاني أكسيد الكربون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are two methods for estimating nitrogen: Dumas and Kjeldahl.","translation":"هناك طريقتان لتقدير النيتروجين: دوماس وكيلدال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In Dumas method, the organic compound is heated with copper oxide.","translation":"في طريقة دوماس، يتم تسخين المركب العضوي مع أكسيد النحاس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The mixture of gases is collected over an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide.","translation":"يتم جمع خليط الغازات فوق محلول مائي من هيدروكسيد البوتاسيوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Kjeldahl method involves heating the compound with concentrated sulfuric acid.","translation":"تتضمن طريقة كيلدال تسخين المركب بحمض الكبريتيك المركز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The liberated ammonia gas is absorbed in an excess of standard sulfuric acid solution.","translation":"يتم امتصاص غاز الأمونيا المتحرر في فائض من محلول حمض الكبريتيك القياسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Carius method is used for the estimation of halogens.","translation":"تستخدم طريقة كاريوس لتقدير الهالوجينات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A known mass of the organic compound is heated with fuming nitric acid.","translation":"يتم تسخين كتلة معروفة من المركب العضوي بحمض النتريك المدخن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The percentage of halogen is calculated using the mass of silver halide.","translation":"يتم حساب نسبة الهالوجين باستخدام كتلة هاليد الفضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sulphur is estimated by heating the compound with sodium peroxide.","translation":"يتم تقدير الكبريت عن طريق تسخين المركب مع فوق أكسيد الصوديوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The percentage of sulphur is calculated from the mass of barium sulphate.","translation":"يتم حساب نسبة الكبريت من كتلة كبريتات الباريوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Phosphorus is oxidized to phosphoric acid.","translation":"يتأكسد الفسفور إلى حمض الفوسفوريك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The percentage of oxygen is usually found by difference.","translation":"عادة ما يتم العثور على نسبة الأكسجين عن طريق الفرق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The CHN elemental analyser is used for the estimation of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen.","translation":"يستخدم محلل العناصر CHN لتقدير الكربون والهيدروجين والنيتروجين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Organic compounds are formed due to covalent bonding.","translation":"تتشكل المركبات العضوية بسبب الروابط التساهمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The IUPAC nomenclature provides a systematic way of naming organic compounds.","translation":"توفر تسمية IUPAC طريقة منهجية لتسمية المركبات العضوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The benzene molecule exhibits a uniform C–C bond distance.","translation":"تُظهر جزيئة البنزين مسافة رابطة C–C موحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Resonance structures are hypothetical and do not represent any real molecule individually.","translation":"هياكل الرنين افتراضية ولا تمثل أي جزيء حقيقي على حدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The energy of the actual structure is lower than that of any canonical structure.","translation":"طاقة الهيكل الفعلي أقل من طاقة أي هيكل قانوني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The resonance effect is defined as the polarity produced in the molecule.","translation":"يُعرَّف تأثير الرنين بأنه القطبية المتولدة في الجزيء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The presence of alternate single and double bonds is termed as a conjugated system.","translation":"يُسمى وجود روابط مفردة ومزدوجة متناوبة بنظام مترافق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Organic compounds show the electromeric effect in the presence of an attacking reagent.","translation":"تُظهر المركبات العضوية التأثير الإلكترومري في وجود كاشف مهاجم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hyperconjugation involves delocalisation of sigma electrons.","translation":"يتضمن الترافق الفائق عدم تمركز إلكترونات سيجما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Organic reactions can be classified into substitution, addition, elimination, and rearrangement reactions.","translation":"يمكن تصنيف التفاعلات العضوية إلى تفاعلات الإحلال والإضافة والحذف وإعادة الترتيب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Various methods are used for the purification of organic compounds.","translation":"تُستخدم طرق مختلفة لتنقية المركبات العضوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Crystallization is a commonly used technique for purification.","translation":"التبلور تقنية شائعة الاستخدام للتنقية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Distillation is used to separate volatile liquids.","translation":"يُستخدم التقطير لفصل السوائل المتطايرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Fractional distillation is used when the boiling points are close.","translation":"يُستخدم التقطير التجزيئي عندما تكون نقاط الغليان قريبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Steam distillation is applied to separate substances which are steam volatile.","translation":"يُستخدم التقطير بالبخار لفصل المواد المتطايرة بالبخار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Differential extraction is used when an organic compound is present in an aqueous medium.","translation":"يُستخدم الاستخلاص التفاضلي عندما يكون المركب العضوي موجودًا في وسط مائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Chromatography is used to separate mixtures into their components.","translation":"تُستخدم الكروماتوغرافيا لفصل المخاليط إلى مكوناتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Adsorption chromatography is based on the adsorption of compounds.","translation":"تعتمد كروماتوغرافيا الامتزاز على امتزاز المركبات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Column chromatography involves separation over a column of adsorbent.","translation":"تتضمن كروماتوغرافيا العمود الفصل على عمود من المادة الماصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thin layer chromatography involves separation over a thin layer of adsorbent.","translation":"تتضمن كروماتوغرافيا الطبقة الرقيقة الفصل على طبقة رقيقة من المادة الماصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Carbon and hydrogen are detected by heating the compound with copper(II) oxide.","translation":"يتم الكشف عن الكربون والهيدروجين عن طريق تسخين المركب بأكسيد النحاس (II).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The sodium fusion extract is boiled with iron(II) sulphate.","translation":"يُغلى مستخلص الانصهار الصوديومي مع كبريتات الحديد (II).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The reaction rate of alkanes with halogens is influenced by the halogen type.","translation":"يتأثر معدل تفاعل الألكانات مع الهالوجينات بنوع الهالوجين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fluorination is a very violent reaction.","translation":"الفلورة تفاعل عنيف للغاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Iodination is a slow and reversible reaction.","translation":"اليود تفاعل بطيء وعكسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Halogenation proceeds via a free radical chain mechanism.","translation":"تتم الهلجنة عبر آلية سلسلة الجذور الحرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The initiation step involves homolysis of the halogen molecule.","translation":"تتضمن خطوة البدء انحلال جزيء الهالوجين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Chlorine free radicals attack the methane molecule.","translation":"تهاجم الجذور الحرة للكلور جزيء الميثان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The propagation steps generate the principal products.","translation":"تنتج خطوات الانتشار المنتجات الرئيسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The reaction terminates due to consumption of reactants.","translation":"تنتهي التفاعل بسبب استهلاك المتفاعلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Alkanes undergo complete oxidation in the presence of air.","translation":"تخضع الألكانات للأكسدة الكاملة في وجود الهواء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Combustion of alkanes releases a large amount of heat.","translation":"يطلق احتراق الألكانات كمية كبيرة من الحرارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Alkanes are used as fuels due to their combustion properties.","translation":"تستخدم الألكانات كوقود بسبب خصائص الاحتراق الخاصة بها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Incomplete combustion produces carbon black.","translation":"ينتج الاحتراق غير الكامل الكربون الأسود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Controlled oxidation of alkanes yields various products.","translation":"تنتج الأكسدة المتحكم بها للألكانات منتجات مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Methanol can be produced by controlled oxidation.","translation":"يمكن إنتاج الميثانول عن طريق الأكسدة المتحكم بها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Isomerization of n-alkanes leads to branched-chain alkanes.","translation":"تؤدي أيزومرة الألكانات العادية إلى ألكانات متفرعة السلسلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Aromatization involves the cyclization of alkanes.","translation":"تتضمن العطرة حلقة الألكانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Methane reacts with steam to produce dihydrogen.","translation":"يتفاعل الميثان مع البخار لإنتاج ثنائي الهيدروجين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Pyrolysis is a decomposition reaction at high temperatures.","translation":"الانحلال الحراري هو تفاعل تحلل في درجات حرارة عالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Conformations are different spatial arrangements of atoms.","translation":"التشكيلات هي ترتيبات مكانية مختلفة للذرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rotation around a C-C single bond is not completely free.","translation":"الدوران حول رابطة C-C الأحادية ليس حرًا تمامًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Extract for testing sulphur by lead acetate test?","translation":"استخراج لاختبار الكبريت عن طريق اختبار أسيتات الرصاص؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Calculate the masses of carbon dioxide and water produced when 0.20 g of this substance is subjected to complete combustion.","translation":"احسب كتل ثاني أكسيد الكربون والماء الناتجين عند حرق 0.20 جرام من هذه المادة احتراقًا كاملاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Find the percentage composition of nitrogen in the compound.","translation":"أوجد النسبة المئوية لتكوين النيتروجين في المركب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Calculate the percentage of chlorine present in the compound.","translation":"احسب النسبة المئوية للكلور الموجود في المركب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Find out the percentage of sulphur in the given compound.","translation":"اكتشف النسبة المئوية للكبريت في المركب المعطى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the organic compound CH 2 = CH – CH 2 – CH 2 – C ≡ CH, the pair of hydridised orbitals involved in the formation of: C 2 – C 3 bond is:","translation":"في المركب العضوي CH 2 = CH – CH 2 – CH 2 – C ≡ CH ، زوج المدارات المهجنة المشاركة في تكوين: رابطة C 2 – C 3 هو:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In the Lassaigne’s test for nitrogen in an organic compound, the Prussian blue colour is obtained due to the formation of:","translation":"في اختبار لاسين لمركب النيتروجين العضوي ، يتم الحصول على اللون الأزرق البروسي بسبب تكوين:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Which of the following carbocation is most stable ?","translation":"أي من الكربوكاتيونات التالية هو الأكثر استقرارًا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The best and latest technique for isolation, purification and separation of organic compounds is:","translation":"أفضل وأحدث تقنية لعزل وتنقية وفصل المركبات العضوية هي:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The reaction: CH 3 CH 2 I + KOH(aq) → CH 3 CH 2 OH + KI is classified as :","translation":"يتم تصنيف التفاعل: CH 3 CH 2 I + KOH (aq) → CH 3 CH 2 OH + KI على أنه:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hydrocarbons are the important sources of energy.","translation":"الهيدروكربونات هي مصادر مهمة للطاقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Hydrocarbons play a key role in our daily life.","translation":"تلعب الهيدروكربونات دورًا رئيسيًا في حياتنا اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Petrol, diesel and kerosene oil are obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum found under the earth’s crust.","translation":"يتم الحصول على البنزين والديزل وزيت الكيروسين عن طريق التقطير التجزيئي للنفط الموجود تحت القشرة الأرضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"All these fuels contain mixture of hydrocarbons, which are sources of energy.","translation":"تحتوي جميع هذه الوقود على خليط من الهيدروكربونات ، وهي مصادر للطاقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Hydrocarbons are also used for the manufacture of polymers like polythene, polypropene, polystyrene etc.","translation":"تُستخدم الهيدروكربونات أيضًا في صناعة البوليمرات مثل البولي إيثيلين والبولي بروبيلين والبوليسترين وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In this unit, you will learn more about hydrocarbons.","translation":"في هذه الوحدة ، ستتعلم المزيد عن الهيدروكربونات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Saturated hydrocarbons contain carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen single bonds.","translation":"تحتوي الهيدروكربونات المشبعة على روابط مفردة بين الكربون والكربون والكربون والهيدروجين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Methane (CH 4 ) is the first member of this family.","translation":"الميثان (CH 4) هو العضو الأول في هذه العائلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Can you recall the structure of methane?","translation":"هل يمكنك تذكر هيكل الميثان؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Common names are given in parenthesis.","translation":"يتم إعطاء الأسماء الشائعة بين قوسين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The reddish orange colour of bromine solution in carbon tetrachloride is discharged when bromine adds up to an unsaturation site.","translation":"يتلاشى اللون البرتقالي المحمر لمحلول البروم في رابع كلوريد الكربون عندما يضاف البروم إلى موقع عدم التشبع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This reaction is used as a test for unsaturation.","translation":"يستخدم هذا التفاعل كاختبار لعدم التشبع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Addition of halogens to alkenes is an example of electrophilic addition reaction involving cyclic halonium ion formation which you will study in higher classes.","translation":"إضافة الهالوجينات إلى الألكينات هي مثال على تفاعل الإضافة المحبة للإلكترونات الذي يتضمن تكوين أيون الهالونيوم الحلقي والذي ستدرسه في الفصول العليا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Hydrogen halides (HCl, HBr,HI) add up to alkenes to form alkyl halides.","translation":"تتفاعل هاليدات الهيدروجين (HCl ، HBr ، HI) مع الألكينات لتكوين هاليدات الألكيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The order of reactivity of the hydrogen halides is HI > HBr > HCl.","translation":"ترتيب تفاعل هاليدات الهيدروجين هو HI > HBr > HCl.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Like addition of halogens to alkenes, addition of hydrogen halides is also an example of electrophilic addition reaction.","translation":"مثل إضافة الهالوجينات إلى الألكينات ، تعد إضافة هاليدات الهيدروجين أيضًا مثالًا على تفاعل الإضافة المحبة للإلكترونات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Let us illustrate this by taking addition of HBr to symmetrical and unsymmetrical alkenes","translation":"دعنا نوضح ذلك بأخذ إضافة HBr إلى الألكينات المتماثلة وغير المتماثلة","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Addition reaction of HBr to symmetrical alkenes (similar groups attached to double bond) take place by electrophilic addition mechanism.","translation":"يحدث تفاعل إضافة HBr إلى الألكينات المتماثلة (المجموعات المتشابهة المرتبطة بالرابطة المزدوجة) عن طريق آلية الإضافة المحبة للإلكترونات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"How will H – Br add to propene ?","translation":"كيف ستضاف H – Br إلى البروبين؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The two possible products are I and II.","translation":"المنتجات المحتملة هما I و II.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Markovnikov, a Russian chemist made a generalisation in 1869 after studying such reactions in detail.","translation":"قام ماركوفنيكوف ، وهو كيميائي روسي ، بتعميم في عام 1869 بعد دراسة مثل هذه التفاعلات بالتفصيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The rule states that negative part of the addendum (adding molecule) gets attached to that carbon atom which possesses lesser number of hydrogen atoms.","translation":"تنص القاعدة على أن الجزء السالب من الملحق (جزيء الإضافة) يرتبط بذرة الكربون التي تمتلك عددًا أقل من ذرات الهيدروجين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Thus according to this rule, product I i.e., 2-bromopropane is expected.","translation":"وبالتالي وفقًا لهذه القاعدة ، من المتوقع المنتج الأول ، أي 2-بروموبروبان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In actual practice, this is the principal product of the reaction.","translation":"في الممارسة الفعلية ، هذا هو المنتج الرئيسي للتفاعل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This generalisation of Markovnikov rule can be better understood in terms of mechanism of the reaction.","translation":"يمكن فهم هذا التعميم لقاعدة ماركوفنيكوف بشكل أفضل من حيث آلية التفاعل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hydrogen bromide provides an electrophile, H + , which attacks the double bond to form carbocation as shown below :","translation":"يوفر بروميد الهيدروجين محبًا للإلكترونات ، H + ، والذي يهاجم الرابطة المزدوجة لتكوين الكربوكاتيون كما هو موضح أدناه:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The secondary carbocation (b) is more stable than the primary carbocation (a), therefore, the former predominates because it is formed at a faster rate.","translation":"الكربوكاتيون الثانوي (ب) أكثر استقرارًا من الكربوكاتيون الأولي (أ) ، وبالتالي ، يسود الأول لأنه يتشكل بمعدل أسرع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The carbocation (b) is attacked by Br – ion to form the product as follows :","translation":"يتعرض الكربوكاتيون (ب) للهجوم بواسطة أيون Br – لتكوين المنتج على النحو التالي:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the presence of peroxide, addition of HBr to unsymmetrical alkenes like propene takes place contrary to the Markovnikov rule.","translation":"في وجود البيروكسيد ، تحدث إضافة HBr إلى الألكينات غير المتماثلة مثل البروبين على عكس قاعدة ماركوفنيكوف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This happens only with HBr but not with HCl and Hl.","translation":"يحدث هذا فقط مع HBr ولكن ليس مع HCl و Hl.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Benzene is more stable than the hypothetical cyclohexatriene.","translation":"البنزين أكثر استقرارًا من مركب سيكلوهكساتريين الافتراضي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"X-ray diffraction data reveals that benzene is a planar molecule.","translation":"تكشف بيانات حيود الأشعة السينية أن البنزين عبارة عن جزيء مستوٍ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"All six C—C bond lengths are of the same order.","translation":"جميع أطوال روابط C—C الستة من نفس الترتيب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This explains the unusual behaviour of benzene.","translation":"هذا يفسر السلوك غير العادي للبنزين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Benzene was considered as parent ‘aromatic’ compound.","translation":"اعتبر البنزين المركب 'العطري' الأم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The name is applied to all the ring systems.","translation":"يُطلق الاسم على جميع أنظمة الحلقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This is often referred to as Hückel Rule.","translation":"غالبًا ما يشار إلى هذا باسم قاعدة هوكل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Benzene is commercially isolated from coal tar.","translation":"يتم عزل البنزين تجاريًا من قطران الفحم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It may be prepared in the laboratory by the following methods.","translation":"يمكن تحضيره في المختبر بالطرق التالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sodium salt of benzoic acid on heating with sodalime gives benzene.","translation":"ملح الصوديوم لحمض البنزويك عند تسخينه مع الصودا يعطي البنزين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Phenol is reduced to benzene by passing its vapours over heated zinc dust.","translation":"يتم اختزال الفينول إلى البنزين عن طريق تمرير أبخرته فوق غبار الزنك الساخن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Aromatic hydrocarbons are non-polar molecules.","translation":"الهيدروكربونات العطرية جزيئات غير قطبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They burn with sooty flame.","translation":"تحترق بلهب أسود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Arenes are characterised by electrophilic substitution reactions.","translation":"تتميز الأرينات بتفاعلات الاستبدال المحبة للإلكترونات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A nitro group is introduced into benzene ring.","translation":"يتم إدخال مجموعة نيترو في حلقة البنزين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Arenes react with halogens in the presence of a Lewis acid.","translation":"تتفاعل الأرينات مع الهالوجينات في وجود حمض لويس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The replacement of a hydrogen atom by a sulphonic acid group is called sulphonation.","translation":"يسمى استبدال ذرة هيدروجين بمجموعة حمض السلفونيك بالسلفنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"When benzene is treated with an alkyl halide, alkylbenene is formed.","translation":"عندما يعامل البنزين مع هاليد الألكيل، يتكون ألكيل بنزين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The reaction of benzene with an acyl halide yields acyl benzene.","translation":"تفاعل البنزين مع هاليد الأسيل يعطي أسيل البنزين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Further substitution reaction may take place.","translation":"قد يحدث تفاعل استبدال آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Learning Outcomes already developed by the NCERT across classes have been taken into consideration in this exercise.","translation":"تم أخذ نتائج التعلم التي طورتها NCERT بالفعل عبر الفصول الدراسية في الاعتبار في هذا التمرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Contents of the textbooks have been rationalised in view of the following:","translation":"تم ترشيد محتويات الكتب المدرسية في ضوء ما يلي:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Overlapping with similar content included in other subject areas in the same class","translation":"التداخل مع محتوى مماثل مضمن في مجالات موضوعية أخرى في نفس الفصل","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Similar content included in the lower or higher class in the same subject","translation":"محتوى مماثل مضمن في الفصل الأدنى أو الأعلى في نفس الموضوع","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Content, which is easily accessible to students without much interventions from teachers","translation":"المحتوى الذي يمكن للطلاب الوصول إليه بسهولة دون تدخل كبير من المعلمين","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Content, which is irrelevant in the present context","translation":"المحتوى غير ذي صلة في السياق الحالي","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This present edition, is a reformatted version after carrying out the changes given above.","translation":"هذه الطبعة الحالية هي نسخة معاد تنسيقها بعد إجراء التغييرات المذكورة أعلاه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"ChairPerson, advisory GrouP For textbooks in sCienCe and mathematiCs","translation":"رئيس، المجموعة الاستشارية للكتب المدرسية في العلوم والرياضيات","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Emeritus Professor, Chairman, Advisory Committee, Inter University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCCA), Ganeshbhind, Pune University, Pune","translation":"أستاذ فخري، رئيس اللجنة الاستشارية، المركز الجامعي المشترك لعلم الفلك والفيزياء الفلكية (IUCCA)، غانيشبيند، جامعة بيون، بيون","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"ChieF advisor B. L. Khandelwal, Professor (Retd.), Emeritus Scientist, CSIR; Emeritus Fellow, AICTE","translation":"كبير المستشارين ب. ل. خانديلوال، أستاذ (متقاعد)، عالم فخري، CSIR؛ زميل فخري، AICTE","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training acknowledges the valuable contributions of the individuals and organisations involved in the development of Chemistry textbook for Class XI.","translation":"يعترف المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي بالمساهمات القيمة للأفراد والمنظمات المشاركة في تطوير كتاب الكيمياء للصف الحادي عشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It also acknowledges that some useful material from the reprint editions (2005) of Chemistry textbooks has been utilised in the development of the present textbook.","translation":"كما يعترف بأنه تم استخدام بعض المواد المفيدة من طبعات الإعادة (2005) من الكتب المدرسية للكيمياء في تطوير الكتاب المدرسي الحالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The following academics contributed effectively for editing, reviewing, refining and finalisation of the manuscript of this book:","translation":"ساهم الأكاديميون التاليون بشكل فعال في تحرير ومراجعة وتنقيح وإتمام مخطوطة هذا الكتاب:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We are thankful to them.","translation":"نحن ممتنون لهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We express gratitude to R. S. Sindhu, Professor (Retd.), DESM, NCERT, New Delhi, for editing, reviewing and refining the textbook right from the initial stage.","translation":"نعرب عن امتناننا لـ R. S. Sindhu، أستاذ (متقاعد)، DESM، NCERT، نيودلهي، لتحرير ومراجعة وتنقيح الكتاب المدرسي مباشرة من المرحلة الأولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Special thanks are due to M. Chandra, Professor and Head, DESM, NCERT for her support.","translation":"شكر خاص موجه إلى م. تشاندرا، أستاذ ورئيس، DESM، NCERT لدعمها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Council also gratefully acknowledges the contribution of Surendra Kumar and Hari Darshan Lodhi DTP Operator","translation":"كما يعترف المجلس بامتنان بمساهمة سوريندرا كومار وهاري دارشان لودهي مشغل DTP","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Contents Foreword iii rationalisation oF Content in the textbook v","translation":"المحتويات مقدمة iii ترشيد محتوى الكتاب المدرسي v","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Unit 7 Redox Reactions 235 7.1 Classical Idea of Redox Reactions-Oxidation and Reduction Reactions 235","translation":"الوحدة 7 تفاعلات الأكسدة والاختزال 235 7.1 الفكرة الكلاسيكية لتفاعلات الأكسدة والاختزال - تفاعلات الأكسدة والاختزال 235","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Unit 8 Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques 256","translation":"الوحدة 8 الكيمياء العضوية - بعض المبادئ والتقنيات الأساسية 256","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}

ar/Chemistry-part-II-XII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"The reaction of propanol with sodium produces hydrogen gas.","translation":"تنتج تفاعل البروبانول مع الصوديوم غاز الهيدروجين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The IUPAC name for 2-methylphenol is also known as o-cresol.","translation":"الاسم النظامي لـ 2-ميثيل فينول يُعرف أيضًا باسم o-كريسول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hydrogen bonding plays a crucial role in the properties of alcohols.","translation":"الروابط الهيدروجينية تلعب دورًا حاسمًا في خصائص الكحولات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The electron-withdrawing effect of the nitro group affects the acidity of phenols.","translation":"تأثير سحب الإلكترونات لمجموعة النيترو يؤثر على حموضة الفينولات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The hydration of propene yields propan-2-ol.","translation":"إماهة البروبين تعطي بروبان-2-أول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Benzyl chloride reacts with dilute NaOH to form benzyl alcohol.","translation":"يتفاعل كلوريد البنزيل مع هيدروكسيد الصوديوم المخفف لتكوين كحول البنزيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The reaction of Grignard reagent with formaldehyde followed by hydrolysis produces primary alcohols.","translation":"تفاعل كاشف جرينيارد مع الفورمالدهيد يليه التحلل المائي ينتج عنه كحولات أولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The compound 1-ethoxy-2-methylpropane is an ether.","translation":"المركب 1-إيثوكسي-2-ميثيل بروبان هو إيثر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Aldehydes and ketones are carbonyl compounds.","translation":"الألدهيدات والكيتونات هي مركبات كربونيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The IUPAC name for 4-methylpentanal is 4-methylpentanal.","translation":"الاسم النظامي لـ 4-ميثيل بنتانال هو 4-ميثيل بنتانال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Aldol condensation is a key reaction in organic chemistry.","translation":"تكثيف الألدول هو تفاعل رئيسي في الكيمياء العضوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Carboxylic acids are weak acids.","translation":"الأحماض الكربوكسيلية هي أحماض ضعيفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Esters are formed by the reaction of carboxylic acids with alcohols.","translation":"تتكون الإسترات من تفاعل الأحماض الكربوكسيلية مع الكحولات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Amines are derivatives of ammonia.","translation":"الأمينات هي مشتقات الأمونيا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The basicity of amines depends on the substituents attached to the nitrogen atom.","translation":"قاعدية الأمينات تعتمد على المستبدلات المرتبطة بذرة النيتروجين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Aniline is a primary amine.","translation":"الأنيلين هو أمين أولي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Diazonium salts are important intermediates in the synthesis of aromatic compounds.","translation":"أملاح الديازونيوم هي وسائط مهمة في تركيب المركبات العطرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Carbohydrates are a major source of energy for living organisms.","translation":"الكربوهيدرات هي مصدر رئيسي للطاقة للكائنات الحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Proteins are essential for the structure and function of cells.","translation":"البروتينات ضرورية لهيكل ووظيفة الخلايا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Enzymes are biological catalysts.","translation":"الإنزيمات هي محفزات بيولوجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The reaction of phenol with sodium hydroxide indicates its acidic nature.","translation":"يشير تفاعل الفينول مع هيدروكسيد الصوديوم إلى طبيعته الحمضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Due to this, the charge distribution in phenol molecule causes the oxygen of –OH group to be positive.","translation":"بسبب هذا، يتسبب توزيع الشحنات في جزيء الفينول في أن يكون أكسجين مجموعة –OH موجبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Phenols are stronger acids than alcohols and water.","translation":"الفينولات أحماض أقوى من الكحولات والماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The ionisation of an alcohol and a phenol takes place as follows:","translation":"تحدث عملية تأين الكحول والفينول على النحو التالي:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Electron density decreases on oxygen.","translation":"تنخفض كثافة الإلكترون على الأكسجين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This increases the polarity of O–H bond and results in an increase in ionisation of phenols than that of alcohols.","translation":"هذا يزيد من قطبية رابطة O–H ويؤدي إلى زيادة في تأين الفينولات أكثر من الكحولات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In alkoxide ion, the negative charge is localised on oxygen while in phenoxide ion, the charge is delocalised.","translation":"في أيون الألكوكسيد، تتركز الشحنة السالبة على الأكسجين بينما في أيون الفينوكسيد، تكون الشحنة غير مركزة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The delocalisation of negative charge makes phenoxide ion more stable.","translation":"إن عدم تمركز الشحنة السالبة يجعل أيون الفينوكسيد أكثر استقرارًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Phenol is million times more acidic than ethanol.","translation":"الفينول أكثر حمضية بمليون مرة من الإيثانول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Alcohols and phenols react with carboxylic acids to form esters.","translation":"تتفاعل الكحولات والفينولات مع الأحماض الكربوكسيلية لتكوين الإسترات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The presence of electron withdrawing groups enhances the acidic strength of phenol.","translation":"يعزز وجود مجموعات سحب الإلكترون قوة حمض الفينول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cresols, for example, are less acidic than phenol.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، الكريسولات أقل حمضية من الفينول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The reaction with carboxylic acid is carried out in the presence of a small amount of concentrated sulphuric acid.","translation":"يتم التفاعل مع الحمض الكربوكسيلي في وجود كمية صغيرة من حمض الكبريتيك المركز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The introduction of acetyl group in alcohols or phenols is known as acetylation.","translation":"يُعرف إدخال مجموعة الأسيتيل في الكحولات أو الفينولات باسم الأسيتلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Alcohols react with hydrogen halides to form alkyl halides.","translation":"تتفاعل الكحولات مع هاليدات الهيدروجين لتكوين هاليدات الألكيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Primary alcohols do not produce turbidity at room temperature.","translation":"لا تنتج الكحولات الأولية عكارة في درجة حرارة الغرفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Alcohols undergo dehydration to form alkenes.","translation":"تخضع الكحولات للجفاف لتكوين الألكينات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Secondary and tertiary alcohols are dehydrated under milder conditions.","translation":"تتم إزالة الماء من الكحولات الثانوية والثالثية في ظل ظروف أكثر اعتدالًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tertiary alcohols are the easiest to dehydrate.","translation":"الكحولات الثالثية هي الأسهل في إزالة الماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Oxidation of alcohols involves the formation of a carbon- oxygen double bond.","translation":"يتضمن أكسدة الكحولات تكوين رابطة مزدوجة بين الكربون والأكسجين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The reaction between tert- butyl bromide and hydroxide ion yields tert-butyl alcohol.","translation":"تنتج تفاعل بروميد ثالثي البيوتيل وأيون الهيدروكسيد كحول ثالثي البيوتيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Alkyl halides are best prepared from alcohols, which are easily accessible.","translation":"أفضل طريقة لتحضير هاليدات الألكيل هي من الكحولات، والتي يسهل الحصول عليها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The boiling points of isomeric haloalkanes decrease with increase in branching.","translation":"تنخفض نقاط غليان الهالو ألكانات المتماثلة مع زيادة التفرع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The addition of bromine in CCl4 to an alkene results in discharge of reddish brown colour.","translation":"إضافة البروم في رابع كلوريد الكربون إلى الألكين تؤدي إلى تفريغ اللون البني المحمر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The order of reactivity of alcohols with a given haloacid is 3°>2°>1°.","translation":"ترتيب تفاعل الكحولات مع حمض هالو معين هو 3°>2°>1°.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The synthesis of alkyl fluorides is best accomplished by heating an alkyl chloride/bromide.","translation":"يتم تحقيق تخليق فلوريدات الألكيل على أفضل وجه عن طريق تسخين كلوريد/بروميد الألكيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Alkyl iodides are often prepared by the reaction of alkyl chlorides/ bromides with NaI in dry acetone.","translation":"غالبًا ما يتم تحضير يوديدات الألكيل عن طريق تفاعل كلوريدات/بروميدات الألكيل مع يوديد الصوديوم في الأسيتون الجاف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The carbon atom bears a partial positive charge whereas the halogen atom bears a partial negative charge.","translation":"تحمل ذرة الكربون شحنة موجبة جزئية بينما تحمل ذرة الهالوجين شحنة سالبة جزئية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The reactions of haloalkanes may be divided into the following categories: Nucleophilic substitution, Elimination reactions, Reaction with metals.","translation":"يمكن تقسيم تفاعلات الهالو ألكانات إلى الفئات التالية: تفاعلات الإحلال المحبة للنواة، تفاعلات الحذف، التفاعل مع الفلزات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The order of reactivity followed is: Primary halide > Secondary halide > Tertiary halide.","translation":"الترتيب التالي للتفاعل هو: هاليد أولي > هاليد ثانوي > هاليد ثالثي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Many volatile halogen compounds have sweet smell.","translation":"العديد من مركبات الهالوجين المتطايرة لها رائحة حلوة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The hydroxyl group of an alcohol is replaced by halogen on reaction with concentrated halogen acids.","translation":"يتم استبدال مجموعة الهيدروكسيل للكحول بالهالوجين عند التفاعل مع أحماض الهالوجين المركزة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The haloalkanes are very slightly soluble in water.","translation":"الهالو ألكانات قابلة للذوبان بشكل طفيف جدًا في الماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"As we go down the group in the periodic table, the size of halogen atom increases.","translation":"كلما نزلنا إلى المجموعة في الجدول الدوري، يزداد حجم ذرة الهالوجين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The reaction is termed as Swarts reaction.","translation":"يُطلق على هذا التفاعل اسم تفاعل سورتز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The products formed by the reaction of haloalkanes with some common nucleophiles are given in Table 6.4.","translation":"يتم إعطاء المنتجات المتكونة من تفاعل الهالو ألكانات مع بعض النيوكليوفيلات الشائعة في الجدول 6.4.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The carbon-halogen bond length also increases from C—F to C—I.","translation":"يزداد أيضًا طول رابطة الكربون-هالوجين من C—F إلى C—I.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The attractions get stronger as the molecules get bigger in size and have more electrons.","translation":"تزداد قوة التجاذبات كلما أصبحت الجزيئات أكبر حجمًا ولديها المزيد من الإلكترونات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The synthesis of alkyl fluorides is best accomplished by heating an alkyl chloride/bromide in the presence of a metallic fluoride.","translation":"يتم تحقيق تخليق فلوريدات الألكيل على أفضل وجه عن طريق تسخين كلوريد/بروميد الألكيل في وجود فلوريد معدني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The order of reactivity of alkyl halides towards S N 1 and S N 2 reactions can be summed up.","translation":"يمكن تلخيص ترتيب تفاعل هاليدات الألكيل تجاه تفاعلات S N 1 و S N 2.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Chiral molecules are optically active, while the objects, which are, superimposable on their mirror images are called achiral.","translation":"الجزيئات الكيرالية نشطة بصريًا، في حين أن الأشياء التي يمكن تراكبها على صورها المرآتية تسمى غير كيرالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These molecules are optically inactive.","translation":"هذه الجزيئات غير نشطة بصريًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The above test of molecular chirality can be applied to organic molecules by constructing models and its mirror images.","translation":"يمكن تطبيق الاختبار أعلاه لكيرالية الجزيئات على الجزيئات العضوية عن طريق بناء نماذج وصورها المرآتية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are other aids, however, that can assist us in recognising chiral molecules.","translation":"ومع ذلك، هناك أدوات أخرى يمكن أن تساعدنا في التعرف على الجزيئات الكيرالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One such aid is the presence of a single asymmetric carbon atom.","translation":"إحدى هذه المساعدات هي وجود ذرة كربون غير متماثلة واحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Let us consider two simple molecules propan-2-ol and butan-2-ol and their mirror images.","translation":"دعونا نفكر في جزيئين بسيطين هما بروبان-2-أول و بوتان-2-أول وصورهما المرآتية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Butan-2-ol has four different groups attached to the tetrahedral carbon and as expected is chiral.","translation":"يحتوي بوتان-2-أول على أربع مجموعات مختلفة متصلة بذرة الكربون رباعية السطوح، وكما هو متوقع فهو كيرالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Some common examples of chiral molecules such as 2-chlorobutane, 2, 3-dihyroxypropanal, bromochloro-iodomethane, 2-bromopropanoic acid, etc.","translation":"بعض الأمثلة الشائعة للجزيئات الكيرالية مثل 2-كلوروبوتان، 2، 3-ثنائي هيدروكسي بروبانال، بروموكلورو يودوميثان، حمض 2-بروموبروبانويك، إلخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The stereoisomers related to each other as non- superimposable mirror images are called enantiomers.","translation":"تسمى المتصاوغات الفراغية المرتبطة ببعضها البعض كصور مرآتية غير قابلة للتراكب بالمتماثلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Enantiomers possess identical physical properties namely, melting point, boiling point, refractive index, etc.","translation":"تمتلك المتماثلات خصائص فيزيائية متطابقة، وهي نقطة الانصهار، ونقطة الغليان، ومعامل الانكسار، وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They only differ with respect to the rotation of plane polarised light.","translation":"إنها تختلف فقط فيما يتعلق بتدوير الضوء المستقطب المستوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If one of the enantiomer is dextro rotatory, the other will be laevo rotatory.","translation":"إذا كان أحد المتماثلات يدور في الاتجاه الديكسترو، فسيكون الآخر يدور في الاتجاه الليفو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A mixture containing two enantiomers in equal proportions will have zero optical rotation.","translation":"سيحتوي الخليط الذي يحتوي على متماثلين بنسب متساوية على دوران بصري صفري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Such a mixture is known as racemic mixture or racemic modification.","translation":"يُعرف هذا الخليط باسم الخليط الراسيمي أو التعديل الراسيمي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The process of conversion of enantiomer into a racemic mixture is known as racemisation.","translation":"تُعرف عملية تحويل المتماثل إلى خليط راسيمي باسم التراص.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Identify chiral and achiral molecules in each of the following pair of compounds.","translation":"حدد الجزيئات الكيرالية وغير الكيرالية في كل زوج من المركبات التالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Retention of configuration is the preservation of the spatial arrangement of bonds to an asymmetric centre during a chemical reaction or transformation.","translation":"الاحتفاظ بالتكوين هو الحفاظ على الترتيب المكاني للروابط إلى مركز غير متماثل أثناء تفاعل أو تحول كيميائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In general, if during a reaction, no bond to the stereocentre is broken, the product will have the same general configuration of groups around the stereocentre as that of reactant.","translation":"بشكل عام، إذا لم يتم كسر أي رابطة بالمركز الفراغي أثناء التفاعل، فسيكون للمنتج نفس التكوين العام للمجموعات حول المركز الفراغي مثل المتفاعل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Such a reaction is said to proceed with retention of the configuration.","translation":"يقال إن مثل هذا التفاعل يسير مع الاحتفاظ بالتكوين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Consider as an example, the reaction that takes place when (–)-2-methylbutan-1-ol is heated with concentrated hydrochloric acid.","translation":"ضع في اعتبارك على سبيل المثال، التفاعل الذي يحدث عندما يتم تسخين (–)-2-ميثيل بوتان-1-أول مع حمض الهيدروكلوريك المركز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Predict all the alkenes that would be formed by dehydrohalogenation of the following halides with sodium ethoxide in ethanol and identify the major alkene.","translation":"توقع جميع الألكينات التي ستتشكل عن طريق إزالة هاليدات الهيدروجين من الهاليدات التالية باستخدام إيثوكسيد الصوديوم في الإيثانول وحدد الألكين الرئيسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How will you bring about the following conversions? (i)Ethanol to but-1-yne","translation":"كيف ستقوم بإجراء التحويلات التالية؟ (1) إيثانول إلى بوتان-1-اين","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Explain why the dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride?","translation":"اشرح لماذا عزم ثنائي القطب للكلوربنزين أقل من عزم كلوريد سيكلوهكسيل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Give the uses of freon 12, DDT, carbon tetrachloride and iodoform.","translation":"أعطِ استخدامات الفريون 12، ومركب ثنائي كلورو ثنائي فينيل ثلاثي كلورو الإيثان، ورابع كلوريد الكربون، واليودوفورم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions: CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 Cl + NaI","translation":"اكتب بنية المنتج العضوي الرئيسي في كل من التفاعلات التالية: CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 Cl + NaI","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Write the mechanism of the following reaction: nBuBr + KCN nBuCN","translation":"اكتب آلية التفاعل التالية: nBuBr + KCN nBuCN","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Arrange the compounds of each set in order of reactivity towards S N 2 displacement: 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromopentane, 2-Bromopentane","translation":"رتب مركبات كل مجموعة حسب ترت��ب تفاعلها تجاه استبدال S N 2: 2-برومو-2-ميثيل بيوتان، 1-بروموبنتان، 2-بروموبنتان","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Out of C 6 H 5 CH 2 Cl and C 6 H 5 CHClC 6 H 5 , which is more easily hydrolysed by aqueous KOH.","translation":"من بين C 6 H 5 CH 2 Cl و C 6 H 5 CHClC 6 H 5 ، أي منهما يتحلل بسهولة أكبر بواسطة محلول KOH المائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"p-Dichlorobenzene has higher m.p. than those of o- and m-isomers. Discuss.","translation":"البارا-ثنائي كلور البنزين لديه نقطة انصهار أعلى من تلك الموجودة في المتماثلات o- و m-. ناقش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How the following conversions can be carried out? (i)Propene to propan-1-ol","translation":"كيف يمكن إجراء التحويلات التالية؟ (1) بروبين إلى بروبان-1-أول","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The treatment of alkyl chlorides with aqueous KOH leads to the formation of alcohols but in the presence of alcoholic KOH, alkenes are majorproducts. Explain.","translation":"معالجة كلوريدات الألكيل بمحلول KOH المائي تؤدي إلى تكوين الكحولات، ولكن في وجود KOH الكحولي، تكون الألكينات هي المنتجات الرئيسية. اشرح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Primary alkyl halide C 4 H 9 Br (a) reacted with alcoholic KOH to give compound(b).","translation":"هاليد الألكيل الأولي C 4 H 9 Br (أ) تفاعل مع KOH الكحولي لإعطاء المركب (ب).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What happens when n-butyl chloride is treated with alcoholic KOH","translation":"ماذا يحدث عندما يعالج كلوريد n-بيوتيل مع KOH الكحولي","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"H 2 SO 4 cannot be used along with KI in the conversion of an alcohol to an alkyl iodide as it converts KI to corresponding acid, HI which is then oxidised by it to I 2 .","translation":"لا يمكن استخدام H 2 SO 4 مع KI في تحويل الكحول إلى يوديد الألكيل لأنه يحول KI إلى الحمض المقابل، HI والذي يتأكسد بعد ذلك بواسطة I 2.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Chloromethane, Bromomethane, Dibromomethane, Bromoform. Boiling point increases with increase in molecular mass.","translation":"كلوروميثان، بروموميثان، ثنائي بروموميثان، بروموفرم. تزداد نقطة الغليان مع زيادة الكتلة الجزيئية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Isopropylchloride, 1-Chloropropane, 1-Chlorobutane. Isopropylchloride being branched has lower b.p. than 1- Chloropropane.","translation":"إيزوبروبيل كلوريد، 1-كلوروبروبان، 1-كلوروبيوتان. إيزوبروبيل كلوريد متفرع لديه نقطة غليان أقل من 1-كلوروبروبان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Being primary halide, there won’t be any steric hindrance.","translation":"بما أنه هاليد أولي، فلن يكون هناك أي إعاقة فراغية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Tertiary halide reacts faster than secondary halide because of the greater stability of tert-carbocation.","translation":"يتفاعل الهاليد الثلاثي أسرع من الهاليد الثانوي بسبب الاستقرار الأكبر لـ tert-كربوكاتيون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"After studying this Unit, you will be able to name alcohols, phenols and ethers according to the IUPAC system of nomenclature.","translation":"بعد دراسة هذه الوحدة، ستتمكن من تسمية الكحولات والفينولات والإيثرات وفقًا لنظام تسمية IUPAC.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Alcohols, phenols and ethers are the basic compounds for the formation of detergents, antiseptics and fragrances, respectively.","translation":"الكحولات والفينولات والإيثرات هي المركبات الأساسية لتكوين المنظفات والمطهرات والعطور، على التوالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The carbonyl group is a key functional group in organic chemistry.","translation":"تعتبر مجموعة الكربونيل مجموعة وظيفية رئيسية في الكيمياء العضوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Aldehydes and ketones are widely used in the fragrance and flavor industries.","translation":"تستخدم الألدهيدات والكيتونات على نطاق واسع في صناعات العطور والنكهات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The IUPAC name for ethanal is acetaldehyde.","translation":"الاسم النظامي للإيثانال هو أسيتالدهيد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The structure of the carbonyl group is planar with bond angles of approximately 120 degrees.","translation":"هيكل مجموعة الكربونيل مستوٍ بزوايا رابطة تبلغ حوالي 120 درجة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nucleophilic addition reactions are characteristic of aldehydes and ketones.","translation":"تفاعلات الإضافة المحبة للنواة هي سمة مميزة للألدهيدات والكيتونات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The reaction of an aldehyde with HCN produces a cyanohydrin.","translation":"تفاعل الألدهيد مع سيانيد الهيدروجين ينتج سيانوهيدرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Acetals are formed by the reaction of aldehydes with alcohols.","translation":"تتشكل الأسيتالات من تفاعل الألدهيدات مع الكحولات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Wolff-Kishner reduction converts carbonyl groups to methylene groups.","translation":"اختزال وولف-كيشنر يحول مجموعات الكربونيل إلى مجموعات ميثيلين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Aldehydes are easily oxidized to carboxylic acids.","translation":"تتأكسد الألدهيدات بسهولة إلى أحماض كربوكسيلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ketones require more vigorous conditions for oxidation.","translation":"تتطلب الكيتونات ظروفًا أكثر صرامة للأكسدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The boiling points of aldehydes and ketones are higher than those of alkanes.","translation":"نقاط غليان الألدهيدات والكيتونات أعلى من تلك الخاصة بالألكانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Vanillin is a naturally occurring aldehyde with a pleasant fragrance.","translation":"الفانيلين هو ألدهيد طبيعي ذو رائحة لطيفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The carbonyl carbon is sp2 hybridized.","translation":"ذرة الكربون الكربونيل مهجنة sp2.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The polarity of the carbonyl group is due to the higher electronegativity of oxygen.","translation":"قطبية مجموعة الكربونيل ترجع إلى كهرسلبية الأكسجين الأعلى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Etard reaction uses chromyl chloride to oxidize methyl groups.","translation":"يستخدم تفاعل إيتارد كلوريد الكروميل لأكسدة مجموعات الميثيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Gatterman-Koch reaction is used to prepare benzaldehyde.","translation":"يستخدم تفاعل غاترمان-كوش لتحضير البنزالدهيد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Acyl chlorides can be converted to ketones using dialkylcadmium reagents.","translation":"يمكن تحويل كلوريدات الأسيل إلى كيتونات باستخدام كواشف ثنائي ألكيل الكادميوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Grignard reagents can be used to synthesize ketones from nitriles.","translation":"يمكن استخدام كواشف غرينيارد لتخليق الكيتونات من النتريلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones in nucleophilic addition reactions.","translation":"الألدهيدات أكثر تفاعلاً من الكيتونات في تفاعلات الإضافة المحبة للنواة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The solubility of aldehydes and ketones decreases with increasing alkyl chain length.","translation":"تقل ذوبانية الألدهيدات والكيتونات مع زيادة طول سلسلة الألكيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Aldehydes and ketones are used as solvents, starting materials and reagents for the synthesis of other products.","translation":"تُستخدم الألدهيدات والك��تونات كمذيبات ومواد أولية وكواشف لتخليق منتجات أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Formaldehyde is well known as formalin (40%) solution used to preserve biological specimens.","translation":"الفورمالديهايد معروف جيدًا باسم محلول الفورمالين (40٪) المستخدم لحفظ العينات البيولوجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Acetaldehyde is used primarily as a starting material in the manufacture of acetic acid.","translation":"يُستخدم الأسيتالديهيد في المقام الأول كمادة أولية في صناعة حمض الأسيتيك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Benzaldehyde is used in perfumery and in dye industries.","translation":"يُستخدم البنزالدهيد في صناعة العطور وصناعات الأصباغ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Acetone and ethyl methyl ketone are common industrial solvents.","translation":"الأسيتون وإيثيل ميثيل كيتون من المذيبات الصناعية الشائعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Many aldehydes and ketones are well known for their odours and flavours.","translation":"العديد من الألدهيدات والكيتونات معروفة جيدًا بروائحها ونكهاتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Carboxylic acids are carbon compounds containing a carboxyl functional group, –COOH.","translation":"الأحماض الكربوكسيلية هي مركبات كربونية تحتوي على مجموعة وظيفية كربوكسيل، -COOH.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Carboxylic acids may be aliphatic or aromatic depending on the group attached to carboxylic carbon.","translation":"قد تكون الأحماض الكربوكسيلية أليفاتية أو عطرية اعتمادًا على المجموعة المتصلة بالكربون الكربوكسيلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Some higher members of aliphatic carboxylic acids occur in natural fats as esters of glycerol.","translation":"توجد بعض الأعضاء العليا من الأحماض الكربوكسيلية الأليفاتية في الدهون الطبيعية كإسترات للجلسرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Carboxylic acids serve as starting material for several other important organic compounds.","translation":"تُستخدم الأحماض الكربوكسيلية كمادة أولية للعديد من المركبات العضوية الهامة الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Formic acid was first obtained from red ants.","translation":"تم الحصول على حمض الفورميك لأول مرة من النمل الأحمر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Acetic acid from vinegar.","translation":"حمض الأسيتيك من الخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Butyric acid from rancid butter.","translation":"حمض الزبدة من الزبدة الفاسدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In the IUPAC system, aliphatic carboxylic acids are named by replacing the ending –e in the name of the corresponding alkane with – oic acid.","translation":"في نظام IUPAC، تُسمى الأحماض الكربوكسيلية الأليفاتية عن طريق استبدال النهاية -e في اسم الألكان المقابل بـ - حمض oic.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The carboxylic carbon is numbered one.","translation":"يتم ترقيم الكربون الكربوكسيلي واحدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Aromatic carboxylic acids can be prepared by vigorous oxidation of alkyl benzenes.","translation":"يمكن تحضير الأحماض الكربوكسيلية العطرية عن طريق الأكسدة القوية للألكيل بنزين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The entire side chain is oxidised to the carboxyl group.","translation":"تتأكسد سلسلة الجانب بأكملها إلى مجموعة الكربوكسيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nitriles are hydrolysed to amides and then to acids.","translation":"تتحلل السيانيدات مائيًا إلى أميدات ثم إلى أحماض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Grignard reagents react with carbon dioxide to form salts of carboxylic acids.","translation":"تتفاعل كواشف جرينيارد ��ع ثاني أكسيد الكربون لتكوين أملاح الأحماض الكربوكسيلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Acid chlorides when hydrolysed with water give carboxylic acids.","translation":"عندما تتحلل كلوريدات الأحماض بالماء، فإنها تعطي أحماضًا كربوكسيلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Amines are derivatives of ammonia.","translation":"الأمينات هي مشتقات الأمونيا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They are classified as primary, secondary, and tertiary.","translation":"يتم تصنيفها على أنها أولية وثانوية وثالثية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The nitrogen atom in amines is trivalent.","translation":"ذرة النيتروجين في الأمينات ثلاثية التكافؤ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Amines are used in the synthesis of medicines and fibers.","translation":"تستخدم الأمينات في تصنيع الأدوية والألياف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The boiling points of amines are affected by hydrogen bonding.","translation":"تتأثر نقاط غليان الأمينات بالروابط الهيدروجينية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Aliphatic amines are stronger bases than ammonia.","translation":"الأمينات الأليفاتية هي قواعد أقوى من الأمونيا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Aromatic amines are weaker bases than ammonia.","translation":"الأمينات العطرية هي قواعد أضعف من الأمونيا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Amines react with acids to form salts.","translation":"تتفاعل الأمينات مع الأحماض لتكوين الأملاح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The ammonolysis of alkyl halides is an important reaction.","translation":"تحلل هاليدات الألكيل بالأمونيا هو تفاعل مهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is used for primary amine preparation.","translation":"يستخدم تخليق فثاليميد غابرييل لتحضير الأمينات الأولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Hoffmann bromamide degradation reaction is a useful method.","translation":"تفاعل تحلل بروميد هوفمان هو طريقة مفيدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The basicity of amines is related to their structure.","translation":"ترتبط قاعدية الأمينات ببنيتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Electron-releasing groups increase basic strength.","translation":"المجموعات المانحة للإلكترونات تزيد من القوة القاعدية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Electron-withdrawing groups decrease basic strength.","translation":"المجموعات الساحبة للإلكترونات تقلل من القوة القاعدية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Amines undergo alkylation on reaction with alkyl halides.","translation":"تخضع الأمينات للألكلة عند التفاعل مع هاليدات الألكيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Acylation is a nucleophilic substitution reaction.","translation":"الأسيلة هي تفاعل استبدال محب للنواة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The reaction with benzoyl chloride is called benzoylation.","translation":"يسمى التفاعل مع كلوريد البنزويل بالبنزلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Amines form salts with carboxylic acids.","translation":"تشكل الأمينات أملاحًا مع الأحماض الكربوكسيلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The order of reactivity of halides with amines is RI > RBr > RCl.","translation":"ترتيب تفاعل الهاليدات مع الأمينات هو RI > RBr > RCl.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The chief commercial use of amines is as intermediates in the synthesis of medicines and fibers.","translation":"الاستخدام التجاري الرئيسي للأمينات هو كمواد وسيطة في تصنيع الأدوية والألياف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Glucose reacts with hydroxylamine to form an oxime.","translation":"يتفاعل الجلوكوز مع هيدروكسيل أمين لتكوين أوكسيم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These reactions confirm the presence of a carbonyl group in glucose.","translation":"تؤكد هذه التفاعلات وجود مجموعة الكربونيل في الجلوكوز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Glucose gets oxidised to gluconic acid on reaction with bromine water.","translation":"يتأكسد الجلوكوز إلى حمض الجلوكونيك عند التفاعل مع ماء البروم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Acetylation of glucose with acetic anhydride gives glucose pentaacetate.","translation":"أسيتلة الجلوكوز باستخدام أنهيدريد الأسيتيك تعطي خماسي أسيتات الجلوكوز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"On oxidation with nitric acid, glucose yields saccharic acid.","translation":"عند الأكسدة بحمض النيتريك، ينتج الجلوكوز حمض السكاريك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The exact spatial arrangement of different –OH groups was given by Fischer.","translation":"تم تحديد الترتيب المكاني الدقيق لمجموعات –OH المختلفة بواسطة فيشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Glucose is correctly named as D(+)-glucose.","translation":"يسمى الجلوكوز بشكل صحيح D(+)-جلوكوز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The letters ‘D’ or ‘L’ indicate the relative configuration.","translation":"تشير الحروف 'D' أو 'L' إلى التكوين النسبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Glyceraldehyde contains one asymmetric carbon atom.","translation":"يحتوي الجليسرألدهيد على ذرة كربون غير متماثلة واحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The structure of glucose explained most of its properties.","translation":"شرح هيكل الجلوكوز معظم خصائصه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Glucose does not give Schiff’s test.","translation":"لا يعطي الجلوكوز اختبار شيف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Glucose is found to exist in two different crystalline forms.","translation":"يوجد الجلوكوز في شكلين بلوريين مختلفين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One of the —OH groups may add to the —CHO group.","translation":"قد تضاف إحدى مجموعات —OH إلى مجموعة —CHO.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The two cyclic forms exist in equilibrium.","translation":"توجد الصيغتان الحلقيتان في حالة توازن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The six membered cyclic structure of glucose is called pyranose structure.","translation":"يسمى الهيكل الحلقي سداسي الأعضاء للجلوكوز هيكل البيرانوز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Fructose is an important ketohexose.","translation":"الفركتوز هو كيتوهكسوز مهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fructose also has the molecular formula C 6 H 12 O 6.","translation":"الفركتوز له أيضًا الصيغة الجزيئية C 6 H 12 O 6.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The two monosaccharides are joined together by an oxide linkage.","translation":"يرتبط السكريان الأحاديان معًا برابطة أكسيد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sucrose is a non reducing sugar.","translation":"السكروز سكر غير مختزل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Maltose is composed of two a-D-glucose units.","translation":"يتكون المالتوز من وحدتي a-D-جلوكوز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The reaction of benzenesulphonyl chloride with primary amine yields N-ethylbenzenesulphonyl amide.","translation":"تفاعل كلوريد البنزين سلفونيل مع الأمين الأولي ينتج عنه N-إيثيل بنزين سلفونيل أميد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Secondary and tertiary amines do not show this reaction.","translation":"الأمينات الثانوية والثالثية لا تظهر هذا التفاعل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This reaction is known as carbylamine reaction or isocyanide test and is used as a test for primary amines.","translation":"يُعرف هذا التفاعل باسم تفاعل الكربيل أمين أو اختبار الإيزوسيانيد ويستخدم كاختبار للأمينات الأولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Quantitative evolution of nitrogen is used in estimation of amino acids and proteins.","translation":"يستخدم التطور الكمي للنيتروجين في تقدير الأحماض الأمينية والبروتينات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Aromatic amines react with nitrous acid at low temperatures (273-278 K) to form diazonium salts.","translation":"تتفاعل الأمينات العطرية مع حمض النيتروز في درجات حرارة منخفضة (273-278 كلفن) لتكوين أملاح الديازونيوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Benzenesulphonyl chloride (C 6 H 5 SO 2 Cl), which is also known as Hinsberg’s reagent, reacts with primary and secondary amines to form sulphonamides.","translation":"يتفاعل كلوريد البنزين سلفونيل (C 6 H 5 SO 2 Cl)، المعروف أيضًا باسم كاشف هينسبيرغ، مع الأمينات الأولية والثانوية لتكوين السلفوناميدات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The hydrogen attached to nitrogen in sulphonamide is strongly acidic due to the presence of strong electron withdrawing sulphonyl group.","translation":"الهيدروجين المرتبط بالنيتروجين في السلفوناميد حمضي بشدة بسبب وجود مجموعة سلفونيل ساحبة للإلكترونات قوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Hence, it is soluble in alkali.","translation":"وبالتالي، فهو قابل للذوبان في القلويات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In the reaction with secondary amine, N,N-diethyl- benzenesulphonamide is formed.","translation":"في التفاعل مع الأمين الثانوي، يتكون N,N-diethyl- benzenesulphonamide.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tertiary amines do not react with benzenesulphonyl chloride.","translation":"الأمينات الثالثية لا تتفاعل مع كلوريد البنزين سلفونيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This property of amines reacting with benzenesulphonyl chloride in a different manner is used for the distinction of primary, secondary and tertiary amines and also for the separation of a mixture of amines.","translation":"تُستخدم هذه الخاصية للأمينات التي تتفاعل مع كلوريد البنزين سلفونيل بطريقة مختلفة للتمييز بين الأمينات الأولية والثانوية والثالثية وأيضًا لفصل خليط من الأمينات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Ortho- and para-positions to the –NH 2 group become centres of high electron density.","translation":"تصبح المواقع الأورثو والبارا بالنسبة لمجموعة –NH 2 مراكز ذات كثافة إلكترونية عالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Aniline reacts with bromine water at room temperature to give a white precipitate of 2,4,6-tribromoaniline.","translation":"يتفاعل الأنين مع ماء البروم في درجة حرارة الغرفة ليعطي راسبًا أبيض من 2,4,6-ثلاثي برومو أنيلين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If we have to prepare monosubstituted aniline derivative, how can the activating effect of –NH 2 group be controlled ?","translation":"إذا كان علينا تحضير مشتق أنيلين أحادي الاستبدال، فكيف يمكن التحكم في التأثير المنشط لمجموعة –NH 2؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This can be done by protecting the -NH 2 group by acetylation with acetic anhydride, then carrying out the desired substitution followed by hydrolysis of the substituted amide to the substituted amine.","translation":"يمكن القيام بذلك عن طريق حماية مجموعة -NH 2 عن طريق الأسيتيل مع أنهيدريد الأسيتيك، ثم إجراء الاستبدال المطلوب يليه تحلل الأميد المستبدل إلى الأمين المستبدل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The lone pair of electrons on nitrogen of acetanilide interacts with oxygen atom due to resonance as shown below:","translation":"يتفاعل الزوج الوحيد من الإلكترونات على النيتروجين في الأسيتانيليد مع ذرة الأكسجين بسبب الرنين كما هو موضح أدناه:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Direct nitration of aniline yields tarry oxidation products in addition to the nitro derivatives.","translation":"يعطي النيترجة المباشرة للأنيلين منتجات أكسدة قطرانية بالإضافة إلى مشتقات النيترو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Moreover, in the strongly acidic medium, aniline is protonated to form the anilinium ion which is meta directing.","translation":"علاوة على ذلك، في الوسط الحمضي القوي، يتم برتنة الأنين لتكوين أيون الأنينيوم الذي يوجه الميتا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Aniline reacts with concentrated sulphuric acid to form anilinium hydrogensulphate which on heating with sulphuric acid at 453-473K produces p-aminobenzene sulphonic acid, commonly known as sulphanilic acid, as the major product.","translation":"يتفاعل الأنين مع حمض الكبريتيك المركز لتكوين كبريتات هيدروجين الأنينيوم والتي عند تسخينها بحمض الكبريتيك عند 453-473 كلفن تنتج حمض p-أمينوبنزين سلفونيك، المعروف باسم حمض السلفانيليك، كمنتج رئيسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction (alkylation and acetylation) due to salt formation with aluminium chloride, the Lewis acid, which is used as a catalyst.","translation":"لا يخضع الأنين لتفاعل فريدل-كرافتس (الألكلة والأسيتيل) بسبب تكوين الملح مع كلوريد الألومنيوم، وهو حمض لويس، والذي يستخدم كمحفز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Deficiency of vitamins leads to many diseases.","translation":"نقص الفيتامينات يؤدي إلى العديد من الأمراض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Vitamin A deficiency can cause xerophthalmia.","translation":"نقص فيتامين أ يمكن أن يسبب جفاف الملتحمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The structure of DNA is a double strand whereas RNA is a single strand molecule.","translation":"بينما يتكون الحمض النووي من سلسلة مزدوجة، فإن الحمض النووي الريبي عبارة عن جزيء مفرد السلسلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Nucleic acids are responsible for the transfer of characters from parents to offsprings.","translation":"الأحماض النووية مسؤولة عن نقل الصفات من الآباء إلى الأبناء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hormones are molecules that act as intercellular messengers.","translation":"الهرمونات جزيئات تعمل كرسل بين الخلايا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Insulin is released in response to the rapid rise in blood glucose level.","translation":"يتم إطلاق الأنسولين استجابة للارتفاع السريع في مستوى الجلوكوز في الدم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The two hormones together regulate the glucose level in the blood.","translation":"ينظم الهرمونان معًا مستوى الجلوكوز في الدم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Growth hormones and sex hormones play role in growth and development.","translation":"تلعب هرمونات النمو والهرمونات الجنسية دورًا في النمو والتطور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Low level of iodine in the diet may lead to hypothyroidism.","translation":"قد يؤدي انخفاض مستوى اليود في النظام الغذائي إلى قصور الغدة الدرقية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Steroid hormones are produced by adrenal cortex and gonads.","translation":"يتم إنتاج الهرمونات الستيرويدية عن طريق قشرة الغدة الكظرية والغدد التناسلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The mineralocorticoids control the level of excretion of water and salt by the kidney.","translation":"تتحكم القشرانيات المعدنية في مستوى إفراز الماء والأملاح عن طريق الكلى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Testosterone is the major sex hormone produced in males.","translation":"التستوستيرون هو الهرمون الجنسي الرئيسي الذي يتم إنتاجه في الذكور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Progesterone is responsible for preparing the uterus for implantation of fertilised egg.","translation":"البروجسترون مسؤول عن تحضير الرحم لزرع البويضة المخصبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Carbohydrates are optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones.","translation":"الكربوهيدرات عبارة عن ألدهيدات أو كيتونات متعددة الهيدروكسي نشطة بصريًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Proteins are the polymers of about twenty different amino acids.","translation":"البروتينات هي بوليمرات لحوالي عشرين حمضًا أمينيًا مختلفًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Enzymes are biocatalysts which speed up the reactions in biosystems.","translation":"الإنزيمات هي محفزات حيوية تسرع التفاعلات في الأنظمة الحيوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"DNA is the chemical basis of heredity.","translation":"الحمض النووي هو الأساس الكيميائي للوراثة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The complementary pairing of nucleotide bases explains how identical copies of parental DNA pass on to two daughter cells.","translation":"يشرح الاقتران التكميلي لقواعد النيوكليوتيدات كيفية انتقال نسخ متطابقة من الحمض النووي الأبوي إلى خليتين ابنتين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Every individual has unique fingerprints.","translation":"لكل فرد بصمات أصابع فريدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This research launched a revolution in biology that led to modern recombinant DNA techniques.","translation":"أطلق هذا البحث ثورة في علم الأحياء أدت إلى تقنيات الحمض النووي المؤتلف الحديثة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}

ar/Contemporary-India-Social-Science-X_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Imagine if oil supplies get exhausted, how will this affect our lifestyle?","translation":"تخيلوا لو نفدت إمدادات النفط، كيف سيؤثر ذلك على نمط حياتنا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Solve the puzzle by following your search horizontally and vertically to find the hidden answers.","translation":"حل اللغز باتباع بحثك أفقيًا وعموديًا للعثور على الإجابات المخفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Natural endowments in the form of land, water, vegetation and minerals.","translation":"الهبات الطبيعية في شكل أرض ومياه وغطاء نباتي ومعادن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A type of non-renewable resource.","translation":"نوع من الموارد غير المتجددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Soil with high water retaining capacity.","translation":"التربة ذات القدرة العالية على الاحتفاظ بالمياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Intensively leached soils of the monsoon climate.","translation":"التربة شديدة الغسل في مناخ الرياح الموسمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion.","translation":"زراعة الأشجار على نطاق واسع للحد من تآكل التربة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Great Plains of India are made up of these soils.","translation":"تتكون سهول الهند العظمى من هذه التربة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We share this planet with millions of other living beings.","translation":"نتشارك هذا الكوكب مع ملايين الكائنات الحية الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This entire habitat that we live in has immense biodiversity.","translation":"هذا الموطن بأكمله الذي نعيش فيه يتمتع بتنوع بيولوجي هائل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Forests play a key role in the ecological system.","translation":"تلعب الغابات دورًا رئيسيًا في النظام البيئي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"India is one of the world’s richest countries in terms of its vast array of biological diversity.","translation":"الهند واحدة من أغنى دول العالم من حيث مجموعتها الواسعة من التنوع البيولوجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You may have realised the importance of these resources in our daily life.","translation":"ربما أدركت أهمية هذه الموارد في حياتنا اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"But, lately, they are under great stress mainly due to insensitivity to our environment.","translation":"لكنها في الآونة الأخيرة، تتعرض لضغوط كبيرة، ويرجع ذلك أساسًا إلى عدم الحساسية تجاه بيئتنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Conservation preserves the ecological diversity and our life support systems.","translation":"يحافظ الحفاظ على التنوع البيئي وأنظمة دعم الحياة لدينا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fisheries too are heavily dependent on the maintenance of aquatic biodiversity.","translation":"تعتمد مصايد الأسماك أيضًا بشكل كبير على الحفاظ على التنوع البيولوجي المائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented in 1972, with various provisions for protecting habitats.","translation":"تم تنفيذ قانون الحياة البرية الهندي (الحماية) في عام 1972، مع أحكام مختلفة لحماية الموائل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The thrust of the programme was towards protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species.","translation":"كان محور البرنامج هو حماية ما تبقى من سكان بعض الأنواع المهددة بالانقراض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Project Tiger was launched in 1973.","translation":"تم إطلاق مشروع النمر في عام 1973.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Community and Conservation strategies are not new in our country.","translation":"استراتيجيات المجتمع والحفاظ عليها ليست جديدة في بلدنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The construction of dams has led to significant changes in cropping patterns.","translation":"أدت بناء السدود إلى تغييرات كبيرة في أنماط المحاصيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Farmers are shifting to water-intensive crops due to irrigation.","translation":"ينتقل المزارعون إلى المحاصيل كثيفة المياه بسبب الري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This shift has ecological consequences like soil salinization.","translation":"لهذا التحول عواقب بيئية مثل تملح التربة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchaee Yojana aims to provide irrigation to all farms.","translation":"يهدف برنامج برادهان مانتري كريشي سينشاي يوجانا إلى توفير الري لجميع المزارع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"government","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ironically, dams constructed to control floods have sometimes triggered them.","translation":"من المفارقات أن السدود التي شُيدت للسيطرة على الفيضانات تسببت فيها في بعض الأحيان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Sedimentation in reservoirs is a major cause of this problem.","translation":"تعتبر الترسبات في الخزانات سببًا رئيسيًا لهذه المشكلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Big dams have often been unsuccessful in controlling floods during heavy rainfall.","translation":"غالبًا ما تكون السدود الكبيرة غير ناجحة في السيطرة على الفيضانات أثناء هطول الأمطار الغزيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These floods cause devastation to life, property, and soil erosion.","translation":"تتسبب هذه الفيضانات في تدمير الأرواح والممتلكات وتآكل التربة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Flood plains are deprived of silt, a natural fertilizer.","translation":"تحرم السهول الفيضية من الغرين، وهو سماد طبيعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Multi-purpose projects can induce earthquakes and water-borne diseases.","translation":"يمكن للمشاريع متعددة الأغراض أن تحفز الزلازل والأمراض المنقولة عن طريق المياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Sardar Sarovar Dam is built on the Narmada River.","translation":"تم بناء سد سردار ساروفار على نهر نرمادا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geography","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This project covers four states: Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Rajasthan.","translation":"يغطي هذا المشروع أربع ولايات: ماهاراشترا، وماديا براديش، وغوجارات، وراجستان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geography","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The project aims to meet water requirements in drought-prone areas.","translation":"يهدف المشروع إلى تلبية متطلبات المياه في المناطق المعرضة للجفاف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It will provide irrigation to a large area of land.","translation":"سيوفر الري لمساحة كبيرة من الأراضي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Krishna-Godavari dispute involves Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.","translation":"يشمل نزاع كريشنا-غودافاري ولايتي كارناتاكا وأندرا براديش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They object to the diversion of water by Maharashtra.","translation":"يعترضون على تحويل المياه من قبل ولاية ماهاراشترا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The program aims to enhance water access and improve efficiency.","translation":"يهدف البرنامج إلى تعزيز الوصول إلى المياه وتحسين الكفاءة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"government","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Water harvesting is a viable alternative to multi-purpose projects.","translation":"حصاد المياه هو بديل قابل للتطبيق للمشاريع متعددة الأغراض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ancient India had a tradition of water-harvesting systems.","translation":"كان لدى الهند القديمة تقليد لأنظمة حصاد المياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"People developed techniques to harvest rainwater and groundwater.","translation":"طور الناس تقنيات لحصاد مياه الأمطار والمياه الجوفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mineral resources are finite and non-renewable.","translation":"الموارد المعدنية محدودة وغير متجددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Continued extraction of ores leads to increasing costs.","translation":"يؤدي استمرار استخراج الخامات إلى زيادة التكاليف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A concerted effort has to be made in order to use our mineral resources in a planned and sustainable manner.","translation":"يجب بذل جهد منسق من أجل استخدام مواردنا المعدنية بطريقة مخططة ومستدامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Improved technologies need to be constantly evolved to allow use of low grade ores at low costs.","translation":"يجب تطوير التقنيات المحسنة باستمرار للسماح باستخدام الخامات منخفضة الجودة بتكاليف منخفضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Recycling of metals, using scrap metals and other substitutes are steps in conserving our mineral resources for the future.","translation":"إعادة تدوير المعادن واستخدام الخردة المعدنية والبدائل الأخرى هي خطوات للحفاظ على مواردنا المعدنية للمستقبل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Energy is required for all activities.","translation":"الطاقة مطلوبة لجميع الأنشطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Energy can be generated from fuel minerals like coal, petroleum, natural gas, uranium and from electricity.","translation":"يمكن توليد الطاقة من الوقود المعدني مثل الفحم والبترول والغاز الطبيعي واليورانيوم ومن الكهرباء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Conventional sources include: firewood, cattle dung cake, coal, petroleum, natural gas and electricity.","translation":"تشمل المصادر التقليدية: الحطب وكعك روث الماشية والفحم والبترول والغاز الطبيعي والكهرباء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Non-conventional sources include solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, biogas and atomic energy.","translation":"تشمل المصادر غير التقليدية الطاقة الشمسية وطاقة الرياح والطاقة المدية والطاقة الحرارية الأرضية والغاز الحيوي والطاقة الذرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India is highly dependent on coal for meeting its commercial energy requirements.","translation":"تعتمد الهند بشكل كبير على الفحم لتلبية متطلباتها من الطاقة التجارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Coal is found in a variety of forms depending on the degrees of compression and the depth and time of burial.","translation":"يوجد الفحم في مجموعة متنوعة من الأشكال اعتمادًا على درجات الضغط والعمق ووقت الدفن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Lignite is a low grade brown coal, which is soft with high moisture content.","translation":"الليغنيت هو فحم بني منخفض الجودة، وهو ناعم ذو محتوى رطوبة مرتفع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India is the largest producer of raw jute and jute goods.","translation":"الهند هي أكبر منتج للخام الجوت ومنتجات الجوت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Petroleum refineries act as a “nodal industry” for synthetic textile, fertiliser and numerous chemical industries.","translation":"تعمل مصافي البترول كـ ","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Natural Gas is found with petroleum deposits and is released when crude oil is brought to the surface.","translation":"يوجد الغاز الطبيعي مع رواسب البترول ويتم إطلاقه عند إحضار النفط الخام إلى السطح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Electricity has such a wide range of applications in today’s world that, its percapita consumption is considered as an index of development.","translation":"الكهرباء لديها مثل هذه المجموعة ��لواسعة من التطبيقات في عالم اليوم، بحيث يعتبر استهلاك الفرد منها مؤشرًا على التنمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The growing consumption of energy has resulted in the country becoming increasingly dependent on fossil fuels.","translation":"أدى الاستهلاك المتزايد للطاقة إلى اعتماد البلاد بشكل متزايد على الوقود الأحفوري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India is blessed with an abundance of sunlight, water, wind and biomass.","translation":"تنعم الهند بوفرة من ضوء الشمس والماء والرياح والكتلة الحيوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Photovoltaic technology converts sunlight directly into electricity.","translation":"تقوم تقنية الخلايا الكهروضوئية بتحويل ضوء الشمس مباشرة إلى كهرباء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Biogas plants are set up at municipal, cooperative and individual levels.","translation":"يتم إنشاء محطات الغاز الحيوي على المستويات البلدية والتعاونية والفردية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs can be termed as ‘Resource’.","translation":"كل ما هو متاح في بيئتنا ويمكن استخدامه لتلبية احتياجاتنا يمكن أن يسمى 'مورد'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Human beings interact with nature through technology and create institutions to accelerate their economic development.","translation":"يتفاعل البشر مع الطبيعة من خلال التكنولوجيا وينشئون مؤسسات لتسريع تنميتهم الاقتصادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do you think that resources are free gifts of nature as is assumed by many?","translation":"هل تعتقد أن الموارد هي هدايا مجانية من الطبيعة كما يفترض الكثيرون؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Resources are a function of human activities.","translation":"الموارد هي دالة على الأنشطة البشرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Human beings themselves are essential components of resources.","translation":"البشر أنفسهم مكونات أساسية للموارد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They transform material available in our environment into resources and use them.","translation":"إنهم يحولون المواد المتاحة في بيئتنا إلى موارد ويستخدمونها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These resources can be classified in the following ways– (a)On the basis of origin – biotic and abiotic (b)On the basis of exhaustibility – renewable and non-renewable","translation":"يمكن تصنيف هذه الموارد بالطرق التالية: (أ) على أساس الأصل - حيوي ولا حيوي (ب) على أساس الاستنفاد - متجدد وغير متجدد","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Can you identify and name the various items used in making life comfortable in our villages and towns.","translation":"هل يمكنك تحديد وتسمية العناصر المختلفة المستخدمة في جعل الحياة مريحة في قرينا ومدننا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Resources are vital for human survival as well as for maintaining the quality of life.","translation":"الموارد ضرورية لبقاء الإنسان وكذلك للحفاظ على نوعية الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It was believed that resources are free gifts of nature.","translation":"كان يعتقد أن الموارد هي هدايا مجانية من الطبيعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"As a result, human beings used them indiscriminately and this has led to the following major problems.","translation":"ونتيجة لذلك، استخدمها البشر بشكل عشوائي، وقد أدى ذلك إلى المشاكل الرئيسية التالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Depletion of resources for satisfying the greed of a few individuals.","translation":"استنزاف الموارد لإرضاء جشع قلة من الأفراد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Accumulation of resources in few hands, which, in turn, divided the society into two segments i.e. haves and have nots or rich and poor.","translation":"تراكم الموارد في أيدي قليلة، مما أدى بدوره إلى تقسيم المجتمع إلى شريحتين، أي من يملكون ومن لا يملكون أو الأغنياء والفقراء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led to global ecological crises such as, global warming, ozone layer depletion, environmental pollution and land degradation.","translation":"أدى الاستغلال العشوائي للموارد إلى أزمات بيئية عالمية مثل الاحتباس الحراري، واستنفاد طبقة الأوزون، والتلوث البيئي، وتدهور الأراضي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"An equitable distribution of resources has become essential for a sustained quality of life and global peace.","translation":"أصبح التوزيع العادل للموارد ضروريًا لنوعية حياة مستدامة والسلام العالمي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If the present trend of resource depletion by a few individuals and countries continues, the future of our planet is in danger.","translation":"إذا استمر الاتجاه الحالي لاستنزاف الموارد من قبل قلة من الأفراد والبلدان، فإن مستقبل كوكبنا في خطر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Therefore, resource planning is essential for sustainable existence of all forms of life.","translation":"لذلك، فإن تخطيط الموارد ضروري لوجود مستدام لجميع أشكال الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sustainable economic development means ‘development should take place without damaging the environment, and development in the present should not compromise with the needs of the future generations.’","translation":"التنمية الاقتصادية المستدامة تعني 'يجب أن تتم التنمية دون الإضرار بالبيئة، ويجب ألا تضر التنمية في الوقت الحاضر باحتياجات الأجيال القادمة'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In June 1992, more than 100 heads of states met in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, for the first International Earth Summit.","translation":"في يونيو 1992، اجتمع أكثر من 100 رئيس دولة في ريو دي جانيرو بالبرازيل، في أول قمة عالمية للأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It aims at achieving global sustainable development.","translation":"يهدف إلى تحقيق التنمية المستدامة العالمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Tea is a labour-intensive industry.","translation":"صناعة الشاي كثيفة العمالة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India was the second largest producer of tea after China.","translation":"كانت الهند ثاني أكبر منتج للشاي بعد الصين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Indian coffee is known in the world for its good quality.","translation":"القهوة الهندية معروفة في العالم بجودتها الجيدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"India was the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world after China.","translation":"كانت الهند ثاني أكبر منتج للفواكه والخضروات في العالم بعد الصين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mangoes of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal, are in great demand the world over.","translation":"مانجو ولاية ماهاراشترا وأندرا براديش وتيلانجانا وأوتار براديش وغرب البنغال مطلوبة بشدة في جميع أنحاء العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India is an important producer of pea, cauliflower, onion, cabbage, tomato, brinjal and potato.","translation":"الهند منتج مهم للبازلاء والقرنبيط والبصل والملفوف والطماطم والباذنجان والبطاطس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Rubber is an important industrial raw material.","translation":"المطاط مادة خام صناعية مهمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Jute is known as the golden fibre.","translation":"يُعرف الجوت باسم الليف الذهبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Agriculture which provides livelihood for more than 60 per cent of its population, needs some serious technical and institutional reforms.","translation":"الزراعة التي توفر سبل العيش لأكثر من 60 في المائة من سكانها، تحتاج إلى بعض الإصلاحات التقنية والمؤسسية الجادة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Green Revolution based on the use of package technology and the White Revolution (Operation Flood) were some of the strategies initiated to improve the lot of Indian agriculture.","translation":"كانت الثورة الخضراء القائمة على استخدام تكنولوجيا الحزم والثورة البيضاء (عملية الفيضان) بعض الاستراتيجيات التي بدأت لتحسين وضع الزراعة الهندية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Cotton grows well in drier parts of the black cotton soil of the Deccan plateau.","translation":"تنمو القطن جيدًا في الأجزاء الأكثر جفافًا من التربة القطنية السوداء في هضبة الدكن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India is believed to be the original home of the cotton plant.","translation":"يُعتقد أن الهند هي الموطن الأصلي لنبات القطن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, fire and disease, establishment of Grameen banks, cooperative societies and banks for providing loan facilities to the farmers at lower rates of interest were some important steps in this direction.","translation":"كان توفير التأمين على المحاصيل ضد الجفاف والفيضانات والأعاصير والحرائق والأمراض، وإنشاء بنوك جرامين والجمعيات التعاونية والبنوك لتوفير تسهيلات الإقراض للمزارعين بأسعار فائدة أقل، بعض الخطوات الهامة في هذا الاتجاه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The government also announces minimum support price, remunerative and procurement prices for important crops to check the exploitation of farmers by speculators and middlemen.","translation":"تعلن الحكومة أيضًا عن الحد الأدنى لأسعار الدعم والأسعار المجزية والشراء للمحاصيل الهامة للتحقق من استغلال المزارعين من قبل المضاربين والوسطاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Vinoba Bhave undertook padyatra to spread Gandhiji’s message covered almost the entire country.","translation":"قام فينوبا بهافي برحلة بادياترا لنشر رسالة غاندي التي غطت جميع أنحاء البلاد تقريبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Minerals are an indispensable part of our lives.","translation":"المعادن جزء لا غنى عنه في حياتنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The railway lines and the tarmac (paving) of the roads, our implements and machinery too are made from minerals.","translation":"خطوط السكك الحديدية والأسفلت (الرصف) للطرق، وأدواتنا وآلاتنا مصنوعة أيضًا من المعادن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Geologists define mineral as a “homogenous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure.”","translation":"يعرّف الجيولوجيون المعدن بأنه “مادة متجانسة تحدث بشكل طبيعي ولها هيكل داخلي محدد.”","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"India is endowed with fairly abundant resources of iron ore.","translation":"تمتلك الهند موارد وفيرة إلى حد ما من خام الحديد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"India is critically deficient in the reserve and production of copper.","translation":"تعاني الهند من نقص حاد في احتياطي وإنتاج النحاس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"School Bhuvan-NCERT is an online web portal.","translation":"مدرسة بوفان-NCERT هي بوابة ويب عبر الإنترنت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It was launched by NCERT and ISRO.","translation":"تم إطلاقه من قبل NCERT و ISRO.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The portal enhances geo-spatial skills among students.","translation":"تعزز البوابة المهارات الجغرافية المكانية بين الطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It includes thematic maps from Geography textbooks.","translation":"يتض��ن خرائط موضوعية من كتب الجغرافيا المدرسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Students can use Geo-spatial technology for better understanding.","translation":"يمكن للطلاب استخدام تقنية المعلومات الجغرافية المكانية لتحسين الفهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Online activities encourage learners from Classes VI to XII.","translation":"تشجع الأنشطة عبر الإنترنت المتعلمين من الصفوف السادس إلى الثاني عشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They develop neighborhood maps on satellite imageries.","translation":"يقومون بتطوير خرائط الأحياء على صور الأقمار الصناعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Constitution of India outlines Fundamental Duties.","translation":"يحدد دستور الهند الواجبات الأساسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Every citizen must abide by the Constitution.","translation":"يجب على كل مواطن الالتزام بالدستور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Respect its ideals, institutions, the National Flag, and Anthem.","translation":"احترام مُثُله ومؤسساته والعلم الوطني والنشيد الوطني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cherish and follow the ideals of the national struggle.","translation":"اعتز واتبع مُثُل النضال الوطني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Uphold and protect the unity and integrity of India.","translation":"دعم وحماية وحدة وسلامة الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Defend the country and render national service.","translation":"الدفاع عن البلاد وتقديم الخدمة الوطنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Promote harmony among all people of India.","translation":"تعزيز الانسجام بين جميع شعوب الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.","translation":"التخلي عن الممارسات التي تنتقص من كرامة المرأة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Value and preserve the rich heritage of our culture.","translation":"تقدير والحفاظ على التراث الغني لثقافتنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Protect and improve the natural environment.","translation":"حماية وتحسين البيئة الطبيعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Develop scientific temper and humanism.","translation":"تطوير المزاج العلمي والإنسانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Safeguard public property and abjure violence.","translation":"حماية الممتلكات العامة ونبذ العنف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Strive towards excellence in all spheres.","translation":"السعي نحو التميز في جميع المجالات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India has a long coastline of 7,516.6 km.","translation":"تمتلك الهند ساحلاً طويلاً يبلغ طوله 7,516.6 كيلومترًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The major ports handle 95 per cent of India’s foreign trade.","translation":"تتعامل الموانئ الرئيسية مع 95 في المائة من التجارة الخارجية للهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Kandla was the first port developed soon after Independence.","translation":"كانت كاندلا أول ميناء تم تطويره بعد الاستقلال بوقت قصير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mumbai is the biggest port with a spacious natural and well-sheltered harbour.","translation":"مومباي هي أكبر ميناء يتمتع بميناء طبيعي واسع ومحمي جيدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Jawaharlal Nehru port was planned to decongest the Mumbai port.","translation":"تم التخطيط لميناء جواهر لال نهرو لتخفيف الازدحام في ميناء مومباي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Marmagao port is the premier iron ore exporting port of the country.","translation":"ميناء مرمغاو هو الميناء الرئيسي لتصدير خام الحديد في البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"New Mangalore port caters to the export of iron ore concentrates.","translation":"يلبي ميناء نيومنجالور صادرات مركزات خام الحديد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Kochi is located at the entrance of a lagoon with a natural harbour.","translation":"تقع كوتشي عند مدخل بحيرة شاطئية بها ميناء طبيعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Air travel has made access easier to remote areas.","translation":"جعل السفر الجوي الوصول إلى المناطق النائية أسهل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Chennai is one of the oldest artificial ports of the country.","translation":"تشيناي هي واحدة من أقدم الموانئ الاصطناعية في البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Vishakhapatnam is the deepest landlocked and well-protected port.","translation":"فيساخاباتنام هو أعمق ميناء غير ساحلي ومحمي جيدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Kolkata is an inland riverine port.","translation":"كولكاتا ميناء نهري داخلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Haldia port was developed to relieve pressure on the Kolkata port.","translation":"تم تطوير ميناء هالدي لتخفيف الضغط على ميناء كولكاتا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Air travel is the fastest and most comfortable mode of transport.","translation":"السفر الجوي هو أسرع وسيلة نقل وأكثرها راحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"UDAN is a scheme to jump-start the regional aviation market.","translation":"UDAN هو مخطط لبدء سوق الطيران الإقليمي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Long distance communication is far easier without physical movement.","translation":"التواصل عن بعد أسهل بكثير دون الحاجة إلى الحركة المادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Indian postal network is the largest in the world.","translation":"الشبكة البريدية الهندية هي الأكبر في العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"India publishes a large number of newspapers and periodicals annually.","translation":"تنشر الهند عددًا كبيرًا من الصحف والدوريات سنويًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India is the largest producer of feature films in the world.","translation":"الهند هي أكبر منتج للأفلام الروائية في العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"International trade is an index to a country's economic prosperity.","translation":"التجارة الدولية هي مؤشر على الازدهار الاقتصادي للبلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This industry is seasonal in nature so, it is ideally suited to the cooperative sector.","translation":"هذه الصناعة موسمية بطبيعتها، لذا فهي مناسبة تمامًا للقطاع التعاوني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Can you explain why this is so?","translation":"هل يمكنك أن تشرح لماذا هذا صحيح؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In recent years, there is a tendency for the mills to shift and concentrate in the southern and western states, especially in Maharashtra.","translation":"في السنوات الأخيرة، هناك ميل للمصانع إلى التحول والتركز في الولايات الجنوبية والغربية، وخاصة في ولاية ماهاراشترا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This is because the cane produced here has a higher sucrose content.","translation":"هذا لأن قصب السكر المنتج هنا يحتوي على نسبة أعلى من السكروز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The cooler climate also ensures a longer crushing season.","translation":"كما أن المناخ الأكثر برودة يضمن موسم سحق أطول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Moreover, the cooperatives are more successful in these states.","translation":"علاوة على ذلك، فإن التعاونيات أكثر نجاحًا في هذه الولايات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Make a list of all such goods made of steel that you can think of.","translation":"قم بعمل قائمة بجميع هذه السلع المصنوعة من الفولاذ والتي يمكنك التفكير فيها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Production and consumption of steel is often regarded as the index of a country’s development.","translation":"غالبًا ما يُنظر إلى إنتاج واستهلاك الفولاذ على أنه مؤشر على تطور البلد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Iron and steel is a heavy industry because all the raw materials as well as finished goods are heavy and bulky entailing heavy transportation costs.","translation":"الحديد والصلب صناعة ثقيلة لأن جميع المواد الخام وكذلك السلع التامة الصنع ثقيلة وضخمة مما يستلزم تكاليف نقل باهظة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Iron ore, coking coal and lime stone are required in the ratio of approximately 4 : 2 : 1.","translation":"مطلوب خام الحديد وفحم الكوك والحجر الجيري بنسبة 4: 2: 1 تقريبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Some quantities of manganese, are also required to harden the steel.","translation":"مطلوب أيضًا بعض كميات المنغنيز لتصلب الفولاذ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Where should the steel plants be ideally located?","translation":"أين يجب أن تكون مصانع الصلب في موقع مثالي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Remember that the finished products also need an efficient transport network for their distribution to the markets and consumers.","translation":"تذكر أن المنتجات النهائية تحتاج أيضًا إلى شبكة نقل فعالة لتوزيعها على الأسواق والمستهلكين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Chhotanagpur plateau region has the maximum concentration of iron and steel industries.","translation":"تتمتع منطقة هضبة تشوتاناجبور بأقصى تركيز لصناعات الحديد والصلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is largely, because of the relative advantages this region has for the development of this industry.","translation":"ويرجع ذلك إلى حد كبير إلى المزايا النسبية التي تتمتع بها هذه المنطقة لتطوير هذه الصناعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These include, low cost of iron ore, high grade raw materials in proximity, cheap labour and vast growth potential in the home market.","translation":"وتشمل هذه التكاليف المنخفضة لخام الحديد، والمواد الخام عالية الجودة في الجوار، والعمالة الرخيصة، وإمكانات النمو الهائلة في السوق المحلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Aluminium smelting is the second most important metallurgical industry in India.","translation":"صهر الألومنيوم هو ثاني أهم صناعة تعدين في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is light, resistant to corrosion, a good conductor of heat, malleable and becomes strong when it is mixed with other metals.","translation":"إنه خفيف ومقاوم للتآكل وموصل جيد للحرارة وقابل للطرق ويصبح قويًا عند مزجه مع معادن أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It is used to manufacture aircraft, utensils and wires.","translation":"يستخدم في صناعة الطائرات والأواني والأسلاك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It has gained popularity as a substitute of steel, copper, zinc and lead in a number of industries.","translation":"اكتسبت شعبية كبديل للصلب والنحاس والزنك والرصاص في عدد من الصناعات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/Democratic-Politics-Social-Science-X_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Power-sharing is essential for a stable democracy.","translation":"تقاسم السلطة ضروري للديمقراطية المستقرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The government should consider the needs of all citizens.","translation":"يجب على الحكومة أن تأخذ في الاعتبار احتياجات جميع المواطنين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ethnic divisions can lead to conflict if not managed properly.","translation":"يمكن أن تؤدي الانقسامات العرقية إلى صراع إذا لم تتم إدارتها بشكل صحيح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Belgium's power-sharing model is quite innovative.","translation":"نموذج تقاسم السلطة في بلجيكا مبتكر للغاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The constitution of a country defines the distribution of power.","translation":"يحدد دستور الدولة توزيع السلطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In a democracy, the people are the source of all political power.","translation":"في الديمقراطية، الشعب هو مصدر كل السلطة السياسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The judiciary plays a crucial role in checking the power of the executive.","translation":"تلعب السلطة القضائية دورًا حاسمًا في فحص سلطة السلطة التنفيذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Federalism allows for power-sharing between the central and regional governments.","translation":"الفيدرالية تسمح بتقاسم السلطة بين الحكومة المركزية والحكومات الإقليمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The civil war in Sri Lanka had a devastating impact on the country.","translation":"الحرب الأهلية في سريلانكا كان لها تأثير مدمر على البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Majoritarianism can undermine the unity of a nation.","translation":"يمكن للأغلبية أن تقوض وحدة الأمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Political parties often form coalitions to share power.","translation":"غالبًا ما تشكل الأحزاب السياسية ائتلافات لتقاسم السلطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Interest groups influence governmental decisions.","translation":"تؤثر مجموعات المصالح على القرارات الحكومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The media plays a vital role in informing the public.","translation":"تلعب وسائل الإعلام دورًا حيويًا في إعلام الجمهور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Economic development is crucial for a nation's progress.","translation":"التنمية الاقتصادية ضرورية لتقدم الأمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Education empowers individuals and societies.","translation":"التعليم يمكّن الأفراد والمجتمعات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Climate change poses a significant threat to the planet.","translation":"يشكل تغير المناخ تهديدًا كبيرًا للكوكب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Technological advancements are rapidly changing the world.","translation":"التطورات التكنولوجية تغير العالم بسرعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technology","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"International cooperation is essential to address global challenges.","translation":"التعاون الدولي ضروري لمواجهة التحديات العالمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The pursuit of justice is a fundamental human right.","translation":"السعي لتحقيق العدالة هو حق أساسي من حقوق الإنسان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cultural diversity enriches our societies.","translation":"التنوع الثقافي يثري مجتمعاتنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Parties select their candidates in different ways.","translation":"تختار الأحزاب مرشحيها بطرق مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In some countries, such as the USA, members and supporters of a party choose its candidates.","translation":"في بعض البلدان، مثل الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، يختار أعضاء وأنصار الحزب مرشحيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Parties put forward different policies and programmes and the voters choose from them.","translation":"تطرح الأحزاب سياسات وبرامج مختلفة ويختار الناخبون من بينها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In a democracy, a large number of similar opinions have to be grouped together to provide a direction in which policies can be formulated by the governments.","translation":"في الديمقراطية، يجب تجميع عدد كبير من الآراء المتشابهة معًا لتوفير اتجاه يمكن للحكومات من خلاله صياغة السياسات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A party reduces a vast multitude of opinions into a few basic positions which it supports.","translation":"يقلل الحزب عددًا كبيرًا من الآراء إلى عدد قليل من المواقف الأساسية التي يدعمها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A government is expected to base its policies on the line taken by the ruling party.","translation":"من المتوقع أن تبني الحكومة سياساتها على الخط الذي يتبعه الحزب الحاكم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country.","translation":"تلعب الأحزاب دورًا حاسمًا في سن القوانين للبلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Parties form and run governments.","translation":"تشكل الأحزاب الحكومات وتديرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Those parties that lose in the elections play the role of opposition to the parties in power.","translation":"تلعب الأحزاب التي تخسر في الانتخابات دور المعارضة للأحزاب في السلطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Parties shape public opinion.","translation":"تشكل الأحزاب الرأي العام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Parties provide people access to government machinery and welfare schemes implemented by governments.","translation":"توفر الأحزاب للناس إمكانية الوصول إلى الآلات الحكومية ومخططات الرعاية الاجتماعية التي تنفذها الحكومات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For an ordinary citizen it is easy to approach a local party leader than a government officer.","translation":"بالنسبة للمواطن العادي، من السهل الاقتراب من زعيم حزب محلي أكثر من مسؤول حكومي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We need political parties because they perform all these functions.","translation":"نحن بحاجة إلى الأحزاب السياسية لأنها تؤدي كل هذه الوظائف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Every candidate in the elections will be independent.","translation":"سيكون كل مرشح في الانتخابات مستقلاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The government may be formed, but its utility will remain ever uncertain.","translation":"قد يتم تشكيل الحكومة، لكن فائدتها ستظل غير مؤكدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"That is the reason we find political parties in almost all countries of the world.","translation":"هذا هو السبب في أننا نجد الأحزاب السياسية في جميع بلدان العالم تقريبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As societies became large and complex, they also needed some agency to gather different views on various issues and to present these to the government.","translation":"عندما أصبحت المجتمعات كبيرة ومعقدة، احتاجت أيضًا إلى بعض الوكالات لجمع وجهات نظر مختلفة حول القضايا المختلفة وتقديمها إلى الحكومة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Political parties fulfill these needs that every representative government has.","translation":"تلبي الأحزاب السياسية هذه الاحتياجات التي تمتلكها كل حكومة تمثيلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In a democracy any group of citizens is free to form a political party.","translation":"في الديمقراطية، أي مجموعة من المواطنين أحرار في تشكيل حزب سياسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Usually only a handful of parties are effectively in the race to win elections and form the government.","translation":"عادة ما يكون عدد قليل فقط من الأحزاب في السباق بشكل فعال للفوز بالانتخابات وتشكيل الحكومة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Central and State governments and given to local government, it is called decentralisation.","translation":"إذا مُنحت السلطات من الحكومات المركزية والولائية إلى الحكومة المحلية، يُطلق عليها اسم اللامركزية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People have better knowledge of problems in their localities.","translation":"لدى الناس معرفة أفضل بالمشاكل في مناطقهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They also have better ideas on where to spend money and how to manage things more efficiently.","translation":"لديهم أيضًا أفكار أفضل حول مكان إنفاق الأموال وكيفية إدارة الأمور بكفاءة أكبر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Besides, at the local level it is possible for the people to directly participate in decision making.","translation":"بالإضافة إلى ذلك، على المستوى المحلي، من الممكن للناس المشاركة مباشرة في صنع القرار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This helps to inculcate a habit of democratic participation.","translation":"هذا يساعد على غرس عادة المشاركة الديمقراطية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Local government is the best way to realise one important principle of democracy, namely local self-government.","translation":"الحكومة المحلية هي أفضل طريقة لتحقيق مبدأ مهم من مبادئ الديمقراطية، ألا وهو الحكم الذاتي المحلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The need for decentralisation was recognised in our Constitution.","translation":"تم الاعتراف بالحاجة إلى اللامركزية في دستورنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Since then, there have been several attempts to decentralise power to the level of villages and towns.","translation":"منذ ذلك الحين، كانت هناك عدة محاولات للامركزية السلطة إلى مستوى القرى والبلدات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Panchayats in villages and municipalities in urban areas were set up in all the States.","translation":"أُنشئت البانشايات في القرى والبلديات في المناطق الحضرية في جميع الولايات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"But these were directly under the control of state governments.","translation":"لكن هذه كانت تحت سيطرة حكومات الولايات مباشرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Elections to these local governments were not held regularly.","translation":"لم تُجرَ انتخابات لهذه الحكومات المحلية بانتظام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Local governments did not have any powers or resources of their own.","translation":"لم يكن لدى الحكومات المحلية أي سلطات أو موارد خاصة بها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A major step towards decentra- lisation was taken in 1992.","translation":"اتُخذت خطوة كبيرة نحو اللامركزية في عام 1992.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Constitution was amended to make the third-tier of democracy more powerful and effective.","translation":"تم تعديل الدستور لجعل المستوى الثالث من الديمقراطية أكثر قوة وفعالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Now it is constitutionally mandatory to hold regular elections to local government bodies.","translation":"الآن، من الإلزامي دستوريًا إجراء انتخابات منتظمة للهيئات الحكومية المحلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Seats are reserved in the elected bodies and the executive heads of these institutions for the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes.","translation":"يتم حجز المقاعد في الهيئات المنتخبة والرؤساء التنفيذيين لهذه المؤسسات للفئات المجدولة والقبائل المجدولة والفئات المتخلفة الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"At lea st one-third of all positions are reserved for women.","translation":"يتم حجز ما لا يقل عن ثلث جميع المناصب للنساء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An independent institution called the State Election Commission has been created in each State to conduct panchayat and municipal elections.","translation":"تم إنشاء مؤسسة مستقلة تسمى لجنة انتخابات الولاية في كل ولاية لإجراء انتخابات البانشايات والبلديات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The State governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies.","translation":"يُطلب من حكومات الولايات مشاركة بعض السلطات والإيرادات مع الهيئات الحكومية المحلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The nature of sharing varies from State to State.","translation":"تختلف طبيعة المشاركة من ولاية إلى أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Power sharing reduces conflict among different communities.","translation":"تُقلل مُشاركة السلطة من النزاع بين المجتمعات المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units.","translation":"الفيدرالية هي نظام حكم تُقسم فيه السلطة بين سلطة مركزية ووحدات مكونة مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Central Government cannot order the state government to do something; state government has powers of its own.","translation":"لا تستطيع الحكومة المركزية أن تأمر حكومة الولاية بفعل شيء؛ لحكومة الولاية سلطاتها الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Constitution declared India as a Union of States.","translation":"أعلن الدستور أن الهند اتحاد للولايات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Union Government alone can make laws relating to the subjects mentioned in the Union List.","translation":"الحكومة الاتحادية وحدها يمكنها سن القوانين المتعلقة بالمواضيع المذكورة في القائمة الاتحادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The State Governments alone can make laws relating to the subjects mentioned in the State List.","translation":"حكومات الولايات وحدها يمكنها سن القوانين المتعلقة بالمواضيع المذكورة في قائمة الولايات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If their laws conflict with each other, the law made by the Union Government will prevail.","translation":"إذا تعارضت قوانينهم مع بعضها البعض، فإن القانون الذي تضعه الحكومة الاتحادية هو الذي سيسود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Central Government has special powers in running these areas.","translation":"للحكومة المركزية صلاحيات خاصة في إدارة هذه المناطق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Any change to it has to be first passed by both the Houses of Parliament with at least two-thirds majority.","translation":"يجب أولاً الموافقة على أي تغيير عليه من قبل مجلسي البرلمان بأغلبية الثلثين على الأقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The judiciary plays an important role in overseeing the implementation of constitutional provisions and procedures.","translation":"تلعب السلطة القضائية دورًا مهمًا في الإشراف على تنفيذ الأحكام والإجراءات الدستورية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The real success of federalism in India can be attributed to the nature of democratic politics in our country.","translation":"يمكن أن يُعزى النجاح الحقيقي للفيدرالية في الهند إلى طبيعة السياسة الديمقراطية في بلدنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The formation of linguistic States has actually made the country more united.","translation":"لقد جعل تشكيل الولايات اللغوية البلاد أكثر اتحادًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hindi was identified as the official language.","translation":"تم تحديد اللغة الهندية كلغة رسمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"States too have their own official languages.","translation":"ولدى الولايات أيضًا لغاتها الرسمية الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Central Government responded by agreeing to continue the use of English along with Hindi for official purposes.","translation":"استجابت الحكومة المركزية بالموافقة على الاستمرار في استخدام اللغة الإنجليزية إلى جانب اللغة الهندية للأغراض الرسمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Restructuring the Centre-State relations is one more way in which federalism has been strengthened in practice.","translation":"إعادة هيكلة العلاقات بين المركز والولاية هي طريقة أخرى تم من خلالها تعزيز الفيدرالية في الممارسة العملية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This period saw the rise of regional political parties in many States of the country.","translation":"شهدت هذه الفترة صعود الأحزاب السياسية الإقليمية في العديد من ولايات البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This led to a new culture of power sharing and respect for the autonomy of State Governments.","translation":"أدى هذا إلى ثقافة جديدة لتقاسم السلطة واحترام استقلالية حكومات الولايات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The latest information that we have is from the Census of India held in 2011.","translation":"أحدث المعلومات المتوفرة لدينا مأخوذة من تعداد الهند الذي أجري في عام 2011.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There is thus a need for power sharing within these States.","translation":"وبالتالي، هناك حاجة لتقاسم السلطة داخل هذه الولايات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Their fundamental interests are the same.","translation":"مصالحهم الأساسية واحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Any difference that they may have is irrelevant or trivial for community life.","translation":"أي اختلاف قد يكون لديهم غير ذي صلة أو تافه للحياة المجتمعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It also follows that people who follow different religions cannot belong to the same social community.","translation":"ويترتب على ذلك أيضًا أن الأشخاص الذين يتبعون ديانات مختلفة لا يمكنهم الانتماء إلى نفس المجتمع الاجتماعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social science","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"If the followers of different religions have some commonalities these are superficial and immaterial, their interests are bound to be different and involve a conflict.","translation":"إذا كان أتباع الديانات المختلفة لديهم بعض القواسم المشتركة، فهي سطحية وغير جوهرية، فمن المؤكد أن مصالحهم ستكون مختلفة وتنطوي على صراع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social science","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In its extreme form, communalism leads to the belief that people belonging to different religions cannot live as equal citizens within one nation.","translation":"في شكله المتطرف، تؤدي الطائفية إلى الاعتقاد بأن الأشخاص الذين ينتمون إلى ديانات مختلفة لا يمكنهم العيش كمواطنين متساوين داخل أمة واحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social science","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This belief is fundamentally flawed.","translation":"هذا الاعتقاد معيب بشكل أساسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People of one religion do not have the same interests and aspirations in every context.","translation":"أتباع دين واحد ليس لديهم نفس المصالح والتطلعات في كل سياق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Everyone has several other roles, positions and identities.","translation":"لكل شخص أدوار ومناصب وهويات أخرى متعددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There are many voices inside every community.","translation":"هناك أصوات عديدة داخل كل مجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"All these voices have a right to be heard.","translation":"لكل هذه الأصوات الحق في أن تُسمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Therefore any attempt to bring all followers of one religion together in context other than religion is bound to suppress many voices within that community.","translation":"لذلك، فإن أي محاولة لجمع جميع أتباع دين واحد معًا في سياق آخر غير الدين من المؤكد أنها ستقمع أصواتًا عديدة داخل هذا المجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social science","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Communalism can take various forms in politics.","translation":"يمكن للطائفية أن تتخذ أشكالًا مختلفة في السياسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"political science","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The most common expression of communalism is in everyday beliefs.","translation":"التعبير الأكثر شيوعًا عن الطائفية هو في المعتقدات اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"political science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These routinely involve religious prejudices, stereotypes of religious communities and belief in the superiority of one’s religion over other religions.","translation":"وهي تنطوي بشكل روتيني على التحيزات الدينية، والصور النمطية للمجتمعات الدينية، والإيمان بتفوق دين المرء على الديانات الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"political science","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This is so common that we often fail to notice it, even when we believe in it.","translation":"هذا أمر شائع جدًا لدرجة أننا غالبًا ما نفشل في ملاحظته، حتى عندما نؤمن به.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"political science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A communal mind often leads to a quest for political dominance of one’s own religious community.","translation":"غالبًا ما يؤدي العقل الطائفي إلى السعي لتحقيق الهيمنة السياسية على مجتمع المرء الديني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"political science","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"For those belonging to majority community, this takes the form of majoritarian dominance.","translation":"بالنسبة لأولئك الذين ينتمون إلى الأغلبية، فإن هذا يأخذ شكل هيمنة الأغلبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"political science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For those belonging to the minority community, it can take the form of a desire to form a separate political unit.","translation":"بالنسبة لأولئك الذين ينتمون إلى الأقلية، يمكن أن يتخذ شكل الرغبة في تشكيل وحدة سياسية منفصلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"political science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Political mobilisation on religious lines is another frequent form of communalism.","translation":"التعبئة السياسية على أسس دينية هي شكل متكرر آخر من أشكال الطائفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"political science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This involves the use of sacred symbols, religious leaders, emotional appeal and plain fear in order to bring the followers of one religion together in the political arena.","translation":"وهذا يشمل استخدام الرموز المقدسة، والقادة الدينيين، والنداء العاطفي والخوف الصريح من أجل جمع أتباع دين واحد في الساحة السياسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"political science","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"MLAs and MPs from changing parties were indulging in defection for ministerial positions or cash rewards.","translation":"كان أعضاء البرلمان وأعضاء البرلمان من الأحزاب المتغيرة يشاركون في الانشقاق من أجل المناصب الوزارية أو المكافآت النقدية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The law now states that if an MLA or MP changes parties, they will lose their seat.","translation":"تنص القوانين الآن على أنه إذا قام عضو برلمان أو عضو برلمان بتغيير الأحزاب، فسوف يفقد مقعده.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This new law has helped reduce defection, but it has also made dissent more difficult.","translation":"ساعد هذا القانون الجديد في تقليل الانشقاق، ولكنه جعل المعارضة أكثر صعوبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"MPs and MLAs must accept the decisions of their party leaders.","translation":"يجب على أعضاء البرلمان وأعضاء البرلمان قبول قرارات قادة أحزابهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Supreme Court passed an order to reduce the influence of money and criminals in politics.","translation":"أصدرت المحكمة العليا أمرًا للحد من نفوذ المال والمجرمين في السياسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Candidates must now file an affidavit detailing their property and criminal cases.","translation":"يجب على المرشحين الآن تقديم إقرار خطي يوضح ممتلكاتهم والقضايا الجنائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This new system has made a lot of information available to the public.","translation":"جعل هذا النظام الجديد الكثير من المعلومات متاحة للجمهور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There is no system to verify the truthfulness of the information provided by candidates.","translation":"لا يوجد نظام للتحقق من صدق المعلومات التي يقدمها المرشحون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Election Commission ordered political parties to hold organizational elections and file income tax returns.","translation":"أمرت لجنة الانتخابات الأحزاب السياسية بإجراء انتخابات تنظيمية وتقديم الإقرارات الضريبية على الدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Sometimes, this is merely a formality, and it's unclear if it has increased internal democracy.","translation":"في بعض الأحيان، تكون هذه مجرد إجراء شكلي، وليس من الواضح ما إذا كانت قد زادت الديمقراطية الداخلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A law should regulate the internal affairs of political parties.","translation":"يجب أن ينظم القانون الشؤون الداخلية للأحزاب السياسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Parties should maintain a register of members and follow their own constitutions.","translation":"يجب على الأحزاب الاحتفاظ بسجل للأعضاء واتباع دساتيرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An independent authority should act as a judge in party disputes.","translation":"يجب أن تعمل سلطة مستقلة كقاض في النزاعات الحزبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Open elections should be held for the highest posts within parties.","translation":"يجب إجراء انتخابات مفتوحة لأعلى المناصب داخل الأحزاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Political parties should give a minimum of one-third of tickets to women candidates.","translation":"يجب على الأحزاب السياسية أن تمنح ما لا يقل عن ثلث التذاكر للمرشحات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There should be a quota for women in the decision-making bodies of the party.","translation":"يجب أن تكون هناك حصة للنساء في هيئات صنع القرار في الحزب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"State funding of elections should be implemented.","translation":"يجب تنفيذ التمويل الحكومي للانتخابات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The government could provide support in kind, such as petrol and paper.","translation":"يمكن للحكومة أن تقدم الدعم عينيًا، مثل البنزين والورق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Support could also be given in cash based on votes secured in the last election.","translation":"يمكن أيضًا تقديم الدعم نقدًا بناءً على الأصوات التي تم الحصول عليها في الانتخابات الأخيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These suggestions have not yet been accepted by political parties.","translation":"لم يتم قبول هذه الاقتراحات بعد من قبل الأحزاب السياسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mata Sunderi College is located in Delhi.","translation":"تقع كلية ماتا سونداري في دلهي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Sanjeeb Mukherjee is a senior lecturer at Calcutta University.","translation":"سنجيب موخيرجي محاضر أقدم في جامعة كلكتا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Priyavadan Patel is a professor at M. S. University, Vadodara.","translation":"بريافادان باتيل أستاذ في جامعة م. س. في فادودارا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book uses maps and photographs from various sources.","translation":"يستخدم الكتاب خرائط وصورًا من مصادر مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Wikipedia provided a map and photographs under the GNU license.","translation":"قدمت ويكيبيديا خريطة وصورًا بموجب ترخيص جنو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"ARK Grafix created maps and graphics for the book.","translation":"قامت ARK Grafix بإنشاء خرائط ورسومات للكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"UNFPA contributed a map for the publication.","translation":"ساهم صندوق الأمم المتحدة للسكان بخريطة للمنشور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Hindu newspaper provided photographs for the book.","translation":"قدمت صحيفة الهند صورًا للكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Zuban helped in finding posters for the book.","translation":"ساعدت زوبان في العثور على ملصقات للكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Oxfam GB provided a poster for the book.","translation":"قدمت أوكسفام جي بي ملصقًا للكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Oxford University Press and Raza/ARK provided graphics.","translation":"قدمت مطبعة جامعة أكسفورد ورازا/ARK رسومات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ajit Ninan created cartoons for Times of India.","translation":"أنتج أجيت نينان رسومًا متحركة لصحيفة تايمز أوف إنديا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book includes cartoons by Keshav and Kutty.","translation":"يتضمن الكتاب رسومًا متحركة لكيشاف وكوتي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"R. K. Laxman contributed cartoons to the book.","translation":"ساهم ر. ك. لاكسمان برسوم متحركة في الكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Council acknowledges valuable inputs for the book.","translation":"يعترف المجلس بمساهمات قيمة للكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Feedback is requested from readers about the textbook.","translation":"يُطلب من القراء تقديم ملاحظات حول الكتاب المدرسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The book covers topics like power-sharing and federalism.","translation":"يغطي الكتاب موضوعات مثل تقاسم السلطة والفيدرالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The content of the textbooks has been rationalized.","translation":"تم ترشيد محتوى الكتب المدرسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The book includes chapters on political parties and democracy.","translation":"يتضمن الكتاب فصولًا حول الأحزاب السياسية والديمقراطية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The book's acknowledgements list various contributors and sources.","translation":"تسرد إقرارات الكتاب المساهمين والمصادر المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Democracy is not simply rule by majority opinion.","translation":"الديمقراطية ليست مجرد حكم رأي الأغلبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The majority always needs to work with the minority.","translation":"تحتاج الأغلبية دائمًا إلى العمل مع الأقلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Majority and minority opinions are not permanent.","translation":"آراء الأغلبية والأقلية ليست دائمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is also necessary that rule by majority does not become rule by majority community.","translation":"من الضروري أيضًا ألا يصبح حكم الأغلبية حكمًا للأغلبية المجتمعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Democracy remains democracy only as long as every citizen has a chance of being in majority.","translation":"تبقى الديمقراطية ديمقراطية فقط طالما أن كل مواطن لديه فرصة ليكون في الأغلبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"If someone is barred from being in majority on the basis of birth, then the democratic rule ceases to be accommodative.","translation":"إذا مُنع شخص ما من أن يكون في الأغلبية على أساس الميلاد، فإن الحكم الديمقراطي يتوقف عن أن يكون استيعابيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Democracy stands much superior to any other form of government in promoting dignity and freedom.","translation":"تقف الديمقراطية متفوقة بكثير على أي شكل آخر من أشكال الحكم في تعزيز الكرامة والحرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Every individual wants to receive respect from fellow beings.","translation":"كل فرد يريد أن يحظى بالاحترام من قبل زملائه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Often conflicts arise among individuals because some feel that they are not treated with due respect.","translation":"غالبًا ما تنشأ النزاعات بين الأفراد لأن البعض يشعرون بأنهم لا يعاملون بالاحترام الواجب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The passion for respect and freedom are the basis of democracy.","translation":"إن الشغف بالاحترام والحرية هو أساس الديمقراطية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Democracies throughout the world have recognised this, at least in principle.","translation":"أدركت الديمقراطيات في جميع أنحاء العالم هذا، على الأقل من حيث المبدأ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For societies which have been built for long on the basis of subordination and domination, it is not a simple matter to recognise that all individuals are equal.","translation":"بالنسبة للمجتمعات التي بنيت لفترة طويلة على أساس التبعية والهيمنة، فإنه ليس من السهل الاعتراف بأن جميع الأفراد متساوون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Take the case of dignity of women.","translation":"خذ على سبيل المثال كرامة المرأة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Most societies across the world were historically male dominated societies.","translation":"كانت معظم المجتمعات في جميع أنحاء العالم مجتمعات تاريخية يهيمن عليها الذكور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Long struggles by women have created some sensitivity today.","translation":"لقد خلقت النضالات الطويلة للمرأة بعض الحساسية اليوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"That does not mean that women are actually always treated with respect.","translation":"هذا لا يعني أن المرأة تعامل دائمًا باحترام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"But once the principle is recognised, it becomes easier for women to wage a struggle.","translation":"ولكن بمجرد الاعتراف بالمبدأ، يصبح من الأسهل على المرأة شن صراع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In a non-democratic set up, this unacceptability would not have legal basis.","translation":"في نظام غير ديمقراطي، لن يكون لهذا الرفض أساس قانوني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The same is true of caste inequalities.","translation":"الأمر نفسه ينطبق على عدم المساواة بين الطبقات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Democracy in India has strengthened the claims of the disadvantaged.","translation":"عززت الديمقراطية في الهند مطالبات الفئات المحرومة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/Economics-Introductory Macroeconomics-XII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,260 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"The economy of India is experiencing significant growth.","translation":"تشهد الهند نموًا اقتصاديًا كبيرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a key indicator of a country's economic health.","translation":"الناتج المحلي الإجمالي (GDP) هو مؤشر رئيسي على الصحة الاقتصادية للبلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India's shift to new economic aggregates reflects global trends.","translation":"يعكس تحول الهند إلى التجميعات الاقتصادية الجديدة الاتجاهات العالمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Current transfers from the rest of the world include gifts and aid.","translation":"تشمل التحويلات الحالية من بقية العالم الهدايا والمساعدات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Nominal GDP is the value of GDP at current prevailing prices.","translation":"الناتج المحلي الإجمالي الاسمي هو قيمة الناتج المحلي الإجمالي بالأسعار السائدة الحالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Real GDP is calculated using a constant set of prices.","translation":"يتم حساب الناتج المحلي الإجمالي الحقيقي باستخدام مجموعة ثابتة من الأسعار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The GDP deflator is an index of prices.","translation":"مُزيل التضخم في الناتج المحلي الإجمالي هو مؤشر للأسعار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures changes in the prices of a basket of goods.","translation":"يقيس مؤشر أسعار المستهلك (CPI) التغيرات في أسعار سلة من السلع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Externalities can affect the welfare of a country.","translation":"يمكن للعوامل الخارجية أن تؤثر على رفاهية البلد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Money acts as a medium of exchange in the economy.","translation":"تعمل النقود كوسيلة للتبادل في الاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Barter exchanges are difficult in a large economy.","translation":"تكون مقايضة السلع صعبة في اقتصاد كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The value of all goods and services can be expressed in monetary units.","translation":"يمكن التعبير عن قيمة جميع السلع والخدمات بالوحدات النقدية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government is implementing new economic policies.","translation":"تنفذ الحكومة سياسات اقتصادية جديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Inflation is a major concern for many countries.","translation":"التضخم مصدر قلق كبير للعديد من البلدان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The stock market experienced a sharp decline.","translation":"شهد سوق الأسهم انخفاضًا حادًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"International trade plays a vital role in economic growth.","translation":"تلعب التجارة الدولية دورًا حيويًا في النمو الاقتصادي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Economic indicators provide insights into the state of the economy.","translation":"توفر المؤشرات الاقتصادية رؤى حول حالة الاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fiscal policy and monetary policy are key tools for managing the economy.","translation":"السياسة المالية والسياسة النقدية أدوات رئيسية لإدارة الاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The unemployment rate is a significant social and economic issue.","translation":"معدل البطالة قضية اجتماعية واقتصادية مهمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sustainable development is crucial for long-term economic prosperity.","translation":"التنمية المستدامة أمر بالغ الأهمية للازدهار الاقتصادي على المدى الطويل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The textbook provides an introduction to macroeconomics for class XII students.","translation":"يقدم الكتاب الم��رسي مقدمة في الاقتصاد الكلي لطلاب الصف الثاني عشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This edition includes revisions based on the National Education Policy 2020.","translation":"يتضمن هذا الإصدار مراجعات بناءً على السياسة التعليمية الوطنية لعام 2020.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book covers topics such as national income accounting, money and banking, and government budgets.","translation":"يغطي الكتاب موضوعات مثل محاسبة الدخل القومي والنقود والبنوك وميزانيات الحكومة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Macroeconomics studies the economy as a whole, focusing on aggregate variables.","translation":"يدرس الاقتصاد الكلي الاقتصاد ككل، مع التركيز على المتغيرات الكلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book aims to encourage students to reflect on their own learning.","translation":"يهدف الكتاب إلى تشجيع الطلاب على التفكير في تعلمهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Curriculum Framework 2005 emphasizes linking school life to life outside the school.","translation":"يؤكد إطار المنهج الوطني لعام 2005 على ربط الحياة المدرسية بالحياة خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government budget is a crucial tool for managing the economy.","translation":"تعتبر الميزانية الحكومية أداة حاسمة لإدارة الاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book discusses the determination of income and employment in an economy.","translation":"يناقش الكتاب تحديد الدخل والتوظيف في الاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The concept of the multiplier mechanism is explained in detail.","translation":"يتم شرح مفهوم آلية المضاعف بالتفصيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book also covers open economy macroeconomics and the balance of payments.","translation":"يغطي الكتاب أيضًا الاقتصاد الكلي للاقتصاد المفتوح وميزان المدفوعات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The text is designed to discourage rote learning.","translation":"تم تصميم النص لتثبيط التعلم عن ظهر قلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book includes a glossary of important macroeconomic terms.","translation":"يتضمن الكتاب مسردًا للمصطلحات الاقتصادية الكلية الهامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The role of the Reserve Bank of India in controlling money supply is discussed.","translation":"تمت مناقشة دور بنك الاحتياطي الهندي في السيطرة على المعروض النقدي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book emphasizes the importance of experiential learning.","translation":"يؤكد الكتاب على أهمية التعلم التجريبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book is a valuable resource for students studying macroeconomics.","translation":"الكتاب مورد قيم للطلاب الذين يدرسون الاقتصاد الكلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book provides a comprehensive overview of macroeconomic principles.","translation":"يقدم الكتاب نظرة عامة شاملة على مبادئ الاقتصاد الكلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The text encourages critical thinking and problem-solving skills.","translation":"يشجع النص على التفكير النقدي ومهارات حل المشكلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book is designed to be accessible to students with varying levels of prior knowledge.","translation":"تم تصميم الكتاب ليكون في متناول الطلاب ذوي المستويات المختلفة من المعرفة المسبقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book includes examples and case studies to illustrate key concepts.","translation":"يتضمن الكتاب أمثلة ودراسات حالة لتوضيح المفاهيم الأساسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book aims to make the study of economics engaging and relevant.","translation":"يهدف ال��تاب إلى جعل دراسة الاقتصاد جذابة وذات صلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Keynes' book examined the economy in its entirety, unlike his predecessors.","translation":"درس كتاب كينز الاقتصاد بأكمله، على عكس أسلافه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"John Maynard Keynes was a British economist born in 1883.","translation":"كان جون ماينارد كينز اقتصاديًا بريطانيًا ولد عام 1883.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He was actively involved in international diplomacy after the First World War.","translation":"شارك بنشاط في الدبلوماسية الدولية بعد الحرب العالمية الأولى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"His book, 'The Economic Consequences of the Peace,' prophesied the breakdown of the peace agreement.","translation":"تنبأ كتابه 'العواقب الاقتصادية للسلام' بانهيار اتفاق السلام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"His book 'General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money' is highly influential.","translation":"يعتبر كتابه 'النظرية العامة للتوظيف والفائدة والنقود' مؤثرًا للغاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A capitalist economy is defined by private ownership and market-based production.","translation":"يُعرَّف الاقتصاد الرأسمالي بالملكية الخاصة والإنتاج القائم على السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Entrepreneurs bear the risks and make major decisions in capitalist enterprises.","translation":"يتحمل رواد الأعمال المخاطر ويتخذون القرارات الرئيسية في المشاريع الرأسمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Production requires capital, land, and labor.","translation":"يتطلب الإنتاج رأس المال والأرض والعمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Revenue is earned by selling the product in the market.","translation":"يتم كسب الإيرادات عن طريق بيع المنتج في السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Profits are often reinvested to expand production capacity.","translation":"غالبًا ما يعاد استثمار الأرباح لتوسيع القدرة الإنتاجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Wage labor is a key characteristic of capitalist economies.","translation":"العمل بأجر هو سمة رئيسية للاقتصادات الرأسمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Many underdeveloped countries still rely on peasant family farming.","translation":"لا تزال العديد من البلدان النامية تعتمد على الزراعة الأسرية للفلاحين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The state plays a role in framing laws and delivering justice.","translation":"تلعب الدولة دورًا في صياغة القوانين وتحقيق العدالة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Households make decisions about consumption and also save.","translation":"تتخذ الأسر قرارات بشأن الاستهلاك وتدخر أيضًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The external sector involves trade with other countries.","translation":"يشمل القطاع الخارجي التجارة مع البلدان الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Exports are goods sold to the rest of the world.","translation":"الصادرات هي السلع المباعة لبقية العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Macroeconomics studies aggregate economic variables.","translation":"تدرس الاقتصاد الكلي المتغيرات الاقتصادية الكلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Great Depression inspired Keynes' writings.","translation":"ألهم الكساد الكبير كتابات كينز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Microeconomics examines specific sectors of the economy.","translation":"يدرس الاقتصاد الجزئي قطاعات معينة من الاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The wealth of a nation depends on how resources are used.","translation":"تعتمد ثروة الأمة على كيفية استخدام الموارد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Goods are purchased by business enterprises.","translation":"تشتري المؤسسات التجارية السلع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They are used either for maintenance of the capital stock or for addition to their capital stock.","translation":"تُستخدم إما لصيانة رأس المال أو لإضافته إلى رأس المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In a specific time period, the total production of final goods can be either in the form of consumption or investment.","translation":"في فترة زمنية محددة، يمكن أن يكون إجمالي إنتاج السلع النهائية إما في شكل استهلاك أو استثمار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If an economy produces more consumer goods, it produces less capital goods and vice-versa.","translation":"إذا أنتج اقتصاد ما المزيد من السلع الاستهلاكية، فإنه ينتج سلعًا رأسمالية أقل والعكس صحيح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"More sophisticated capital goods raise the ability of a laborer to produce goods.","translation":"تعمل السلع الرأسمالية الأكثر تطوراً على زيادة قدرة العامل على إنتاج السلع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The traditional weaver would take months to weave a sari but with modern machinery thousands of pieces of clothing are produced in a day.","translation":"يستغرق النساج التقليدي شهورًا لنسج الساري، ولكن مع الآلات الحديثة يتم إنتاج آلاف القطع من الملابس في يوم واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Decades were taken to construct the great historical monuments but with modern construction machinery one can build a skyscraper in a few years.","translation":"استغرق الأمر عقودًا لبناء المعالم التاريخية العظيمة، ولكن مع آلات البناء الحديثة يمكن للمرء بناء ناطحة سحاب في غضون بضع سنوات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"More production of newer varieties of capital goods would help in the greater production of consumer goods.","translation":"إنتاج المزيد من الأنواع الجديدة من السلع الرأسمالية سيساعد في زيادة إنتاج السلع الاستهلاكية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At a particular period, if more capital goods are produced, less consumer goods would be produced.","translation":"في فترة معينة، إذا تم إنتاج المزيد من السلع الرأسمالية، فسيتم إنتاج سلع استهلاكية أقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Production of more capital goods would mean that in future the laborers would have more capital equipment to work with.","translation":"إن إنتاج المزيد من السلع الرأسمالية يعني أنه في المستقبل سيكون لدى العمال المزيد من المعدات الرأسمالية للعمل بها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This leads to a higher capacity of the economy to produce with the same number of laborers.","translation":"هذا يؤدي إلى قدرة أعلى للاقتصاد على الإنتاج بنفس عدد العمال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Total output itself would be higher compared to the case when less capital goods were produced.","translation":"سيكون الناتج الإجمالي نفسه أعلى مقارنة بالحالة التي تم فيها إنتاج سلع رأسمالية أقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If total output is higher the amount of consumer goods that can be produced would surely be higher.","translation":"إذا كان إجمالي الناتج أعلى، فإن كمية السلع الاستهلاكية التي يمكن إنتاجها ستكون بالتأكيد أعلى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Depreciation does not take into account unexpected or sudden destruction of capital.","translation":"لا تأخذ الإهلاك في الاعتبار التدمير غير المتوقع أو المفاجئ لرأس المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The economic cycle not only rolls on, higher production of capital goods enables the economy to expand.","translation":"لا تقتصر الدورة الاقتصادية على الاستمرار فحسب، بل إن الإنتاج الأعلى للسلع ��لرأسمالية يمكّن الاقتصاد من التوسع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The crucial factor enabling such sale is demand for such products backed by purchasing power.","translation":"العامل الحاسم الذي يمكّن من هذه المبيعات هو الطلب على هذه المنتجات المدعوم بالقوة الشرائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"One must have the necessary ability to purchase commodities.","translation":"يجب أن يمتلك المرء القدرة اللازمة لشراء السلع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The incomes that people earn are used by them to meet their demand for goods and services.","translation":"تُستخدم الدخول التي يكسبها الناس لتلبية طلبهم على السلع والخدمات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The firms’ demand for factors of production creates payments to the public.","translation":"يؤدي طلب الشركات على عوامل الإنتاج إلى إنشاء مدفوعات للجمهور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The social act of consumption and production are intricately linked.","translation":"يرتبط الفعل الاجتماعي للاستهلاك والإنتاج ارتباطًا وثيقًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Suppose the firm wants to raise the inventories from 100 shirts to 200 shirts during the year.","translation":"لنفترض أن الشركة تريد زيادة المخزون من 100 قميص إلى 200 قميص خلال العام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If the sales are actually 1,000 shirts, then the firm indeed ends up with a rise of inventories.","translation":"إذا كانت المبيعات بالفعل 1000 قميص، فإن الشركة تنتهي بالفعل بزيادة في المخزون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This rise is an example of planned accumulation of inventories.","translation":"هذه الزيادة هي مثال على التراكم المخطط للمخزون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"On the other hand if the firm had wanted to reduce the inventories from 100 to 25 (say), then it would produce 1000 – 75 = 925 shirts.","translation":"من ناحية أخرى، إذا كانت الشركة تريد تقليل المخزون من 100 إلى 25 (على سبيل المثال)، فإنها ستنتج 1000 – 75 = 925 قميصًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If the sales indeed turn out to be 1000 as expected by the firm, the firm will be left with the planned, reduced inventory of 25 shirts.","translation":"إذا تبين بالفعل أن المبيعات 1000 كما هو متوقع من قبل الشركة، فستبقى الشركة مع المخزون المخطط له والمخفض البالغ 25 قميصًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The summation notation given above is useful in writing it in a shorter form.","translation":"ترميز الجمع المذكور أعلاه مفيد في كتابته في شكل أقصر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This notation is particularly useful in macroeconomics since we deal with aggregates.","translation":"هذا الترميز مفيد بشكل خاص في الاقتصاد الكلي لأننا نتعامل مع المجاميع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For instance, suppose there are 1000 consumers in the economy, having consumption.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، لنفترض أن هناك 1000 مستهلك في الاقتصاد، ولديهم استهلاك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If we want to compute the aggregate consumption for this economy, we have to add up all these values.","translation":"إذا أردنا حساب الاستهلاك الكلي لهذا الاقتصاد، فعلينا جمع كل هذه القيم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The summation notation, however, allows us to write it in a much shorter form.","translation":"ومع ذلك، يسمح لنا ترميز الجمع بكتابته في شكل أقصر بكثير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Gross value added of firm, i (GV Ai) ≡ Gross value of the output produced by the firm i (Qi) – Value of intermediate goods used by the firm (Zi)","translation":"القيمة المضافة الإجمالية للشركة، i (GV Ai) ≡ القيمة الإجمالية للإنتاج الذي تنتجه الشركة i (Qi) – قيمة ��لسلع الوسيطة التي تستخدمها الشركة (Zi)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Equation (2.1) has been derived by using: Change in inventories of a firm during a year ≡ Production of the firm during the year – Sale of the firm during the year.","translation":"تم اشتقاق المعادلة (2.1) باستخدام: التغير في مخزون الشركة خلال عام ≡ إنتاج الشركة خلال العام – مبيعات الشركة خلال العام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It is worth noting that the sales by the firm includes sales not only to domestic buyers but also to buyers abroad (the latter is termed as exports).","translation":"تجدر الإشارة إلى أن مبيعات الشركة تشمل المبيعات ليس فقط للمشترين المحليين ولكن أيضًا للمشترين في الخارج (يُطلق على هذا الأخير اسم الصادرات).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Generally these are measured on an annual basis.","translation":"بشكل عام، يتم قياسها على أساس سنوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If we sum the gross value added of all the firms of the economy in a year, we get a measure of the value of aggregate amount of goods and services produced by the economy in a year.","translation":"إذا جمعنا القيمة المضافة الإجمالية لجميع شركات الاقتصاد في عام واحد، نحصل على مقياس لقيمة المبلغ الإجمالي للسلع والخدمات التي ينتجها الاقتصاد في عام واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Such an estimate is called Gross Domestic Product (GDP).","translation":"يُطلق على هذا التقدير الناتج المحلي الإجمالي (GDP).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"An alternative way to calculate the GDP is by looking at the demand side of the products.","translation":"هناك طريقة بديلة لحساب الناتج المحلي الإجمالي وهي النظر إلى جانب الطلب على المنتجات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Final expenditure is that part of expenditure which is undertaken not for intermediate purposes.","translation":"الإنفاق النهائي هو ذلك الجزء من الإنفاق الذي يتم القيام به ليس لأغراض وسيطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Rs 50 worth of wheat which the bakers buy from the farmers counts as intermediate goods, hence it does not fall under the category of final expenditure.","translation":"القمح الذي تبلغ قيمته 50 روبية والذي يشتريه الخبازون من المزارعين يعتبر من السلع الوسيطة، وبالتالي لا يندرج تحت فئة الإنفاق النهائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Firm i can make the final expenditure on the following accounts (a) the final consumption expenditure on the goods and services produced by the firm.","translation":"يمكن للشركة i أن تقوم بالإنفاق النهائي على الحسابات التالية (أ) الإنفاق الاستهلاكي النهائي على السلع والخدمات التي تنتجها الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The value of money decreases when the price level increases.","translation":"تنخفض قيمة المال عندما يرتفع مستوى الأسعار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A barter system has several drawbacks, including the difficulty of storing wealth.","translation":"نظام المقايضة له عيوب عديدة، بما في ذلك صعوبة تخزين الثروة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Money acts as a store of value because it is not perishable and has low storage costs.","translation":"يعمل المال كمخزن للقيمة لأنه غير قابل للتلف وتكاليف تخزينه منخفضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The government is investing in reforms for greater financial inclusion.","translation":"تستثمر الحكومة في إصلاحات لتحقيق إدماج مالي أكبر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Initiatives like Jan Dhan accounts and e-wallets have strengthened the move towards a cashless society.","translation":"عززت مبادرات مثل حسابات جان دهان والمحافظ الإلكترونية التحرك نحو مجتمع غير نقدي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The demand for money is influenced by the value of transactions and income levels.","translation":"يتأثر الطلب على المال بقيمة المعاملات ومستويات الدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Higher interest rates can decrease the demand for money.","translation":"يمكن أن تؤدي أسعار الفائدة المرتفعة إلى انخفاض الطلب على المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Money supply in a modern economy includes cash and bank deposits.","translation":"يشمل عرض النقود في الاقتصاد الحديث النقد والودائع المصرفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the central bank of the country.","translation":"بنك الاحتياطي الهندي (RBI) هو البنك المركزي للبلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The central bank issues currency and controls the money supply.","translation":"يصدر البنك المركزي العملة ويتحكم في المعروض النقدي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Commercial banks accept deposits and provide loans.","translation":"تقبل البنوك التجارية الودائع وتقدم القروض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Banks create money through the process of deposit and loan creation.","translation":"تخلق البنوك المال من خلال عملية إنشاء الودائع والقروض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The money multiplier effect explains how banks can create money.","translation":"يشرح تأثير مضاعف النقود كيف يمكن للبنوك أن تخلق المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Reserve Bank of India uses various tools to control the money supply.","translation":"يستخدم بنك الاحتياطي الهندي أدوات مختلفة للسيطرة على المعروض النقدي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Open market operations involve buying and selling government bonds.","translation":"تشمل عمليات السوق المفتوحة شراء وبيع السندات الحكومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The bank rate is the rate at which the RBI lends to commercial banks.","translation":"سعر البنك هو السعر الذي يقرض به بنك الاحتياطي الهندي للبنوك التجارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The transaction motive is a primary reason for holding money.","translation":"الدافع للمعاملات هو سبب رئيسي للاحتفاظ بالمال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People hold money to carry out transactions.","translation":"يحتفظ الناس بالمال لإجراء المعاملات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The average cash holding is related to the frequency of transactions.","translation":"يرتبط متوسط ​​الاحتفاظ النقدي بتكرار المعاملات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The total transaction demand for money in an economy is a fraction of the total volume of transactions.","translation":"إجمالي الطلب على المعاملات على المال في الاقتصاد هو جزء من الحجم الإجمالي للمعاملات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Simple words, ex-ante depicts what has been planned, and ex-post depicts what has actually happened.","translation":"الكلمات البسيطة، تصور ex-ante ما تم التخطيط له، وex-post تصور ما حدث بالفعل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In order to understand the determination of income, we need to know the planned values of different components of aggregate demand.","translation":"من أجل فهم تحديد الدخل، نحتاج إلى معرفة القيم المخطط لها لمختلف مكونات الطلب الكلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The most important determinant of consumption demand is household income.","translation":"أهم محدد للطلب على الاستهلاك هو دخل الأسرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A consumption function describes the relation between consumption and income.","translation":"تصف دالة الاستهلاك العلاقة بين الاستهلاك والدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Of course, even if income is zero, some consumption still takes place.","translation":"بالطبع، حتى لو كان الدخل صفراً، لا يزال بعض الاستهلاك يحدث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Since this level of consumption is independent of income, it is called autonomous consumption.","translation":"بما أن مستوى الاستهلاك هذا مستقل عن الدخل، فإنه يسمى الاستهلاك المستقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We can describe this function as: C = C + cY","translation":"يمكننا وصف هذه الدالة على النحو التالي: C = C + cY","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Here C is the consumption expenditure by households.","translation":"هنا C هو الإنفاق الاستهلاكي من قبل الأسر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This consists of two components autonomous consumption and induced consumption ( cY ).","translation":"يتكون هذا من عنصرين: الاستهلاك المستقل والاستهلاك المحفز ( cY ).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Autonomous consumption is denoted by C and shows the consumption which is independent of income.","translation":"يُرمز إلى الاستهلاك المستقل بالرمز C ويظهر الاستهلاك الذي لا يعتمد على الدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If consumption takes place even when income is zero, it is because of autonomous consumption.","translation":"إذا حدث الاستهلاك حتى عندما يكون الدخل صفراً، فذلك بسبب الاستهلاك المستقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The induced component of consumption, cY shows the dependence of consumption on income.","translation":"يبين المكون المحفز للاستهلاك، cY، اعتماد الاستهلاك على الدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When income rises by Re 1. induced consumption rises by MPC i.e. c or the marginal propensity to consume.","translation":"عندما يرتفع الدخل بمقدار روبية واحدة، يرتفع الاستهلاك المحفز بمقدار MPC، أي c أو الميل الحدي للاستهلاك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It may be explained as a rate of change of consumption as income changes.","translation":"يمكن تفسيره على أنه معدل تغير الاستهلاك مع تغير الدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Now, let us look at the value that MPC can take.","translation":"الآن، دعونا ننظر إلى القيمة التي يمكن أن يأخذها MPC.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"When income changes, change in consumption ( )C∆ can never exceed the change in income ( Y)∆ .","translation":"عندما يتغير الدخل، فإن التغير في الاستهلاك ( )C∆ لا يمكن أن يتجاوز التغير في الدخل ( Y)∆.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The maximum value which c can take is 1.","translation":"أقصى قيمة يمكن أن يأخذها c هي 1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"On the other hand consumer may choose not to change consumption even when income has changed.","translation":"من ناحية أخرى، قد يختار المستهلك عدم تغيير الاستهلاك حتى عندما يتغير الدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In this case MPC = 0.","translation":"في هذه الحالة MPC = 0.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Generally, MPC lies between 0 and 1 (inclusive of both values).","translation":"بشكل عام، يقع MPC بين 0 و 1 (بما في ذلك كلا القيمتين).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government plays a very important role in increasing the welfare of the people.","translation":"تلعب الحكومة دورًا مهمًا جدًا في زيادة رفاهية الشعب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This chapter proceeds as follows.","translation":"الفصل يسير على النحو التالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The budget, it has been argued, reflects and shapes, and is, in turn, shaped by the country’s economic life.","translation":"الميزانية، كما يزعم، تعكس وتشكل، وهي بدورها تتشكل من خلال الحياة الاقتصادية للبلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Government provides certain goods and services which cannot be provided by the market mechanism.","translation":"توفر الحكومة سلعًا وخدمات معينة لا يمكن توفيرها من خلال آلية السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Examples of such goods are national defence, roads, government administration etc. which are referred to as public goods.","translation":"أمثلة على هذه السلع هي الدفاع الوطني والطرق والإدارة الحكومية وما إلى ذلك، والتي يشار إليها باسم السلع العامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are two major differences.","translation":"هناك اختلافان رئيسيان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"One, the benefits of public goods are available to all and are not only restricted to one particular consumer.","translation":"أولاً، فوائد السلع العامة متاحة للجميع ولا تقتصر على مستهلك معين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If you do not buy a ticket, you will not be allowed to watch a movie at a local cinema hall.","translation":"إذا لم تشتري تذكرة، فلن يُسمح لك بمشاهدة فيلم في قاعة سينما محلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"However, in case of public goods, there is no feasible way of excluding anyone from enjoying the benefits of the good.","translation":"ومع ذلك، في حالة السلع العامة، لا توجد طريقة مجدية لاستبعاد أي شخص من الاستمتاع بفوائد السلعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"That is why public goods are called non-excludable.","translation":"لهذا السبب تسمى السلع العامة غير قابلة للاستبعاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Consumers will not voluntarily pay for what they can get for free and for which there is no exclusive title to the property being enjoyed.","translation":"لن يدفع المستهلكون طواعية مقابل ما يمكنهم الحصول عليه مجانًا والذي لا يوجد له عنوان حصري للملكية التي يتمتعون بها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The government sector affects the personal disposable income of households by making transfers and collecting taxes.","translation":"يؤثر القطاع الحكومي على الدخل المتاح الشخصي للأسر عن طريق إجراء التحويلات وتحصيل الضرائب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This is the redistribution function.","translation":"هذه هي وظيفة إعادة التوزيع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The government may need to correct fluctuations in income and employment.","translation":"قد تحتاج الحكومة إلى تصحيح التقلبات في الدخل والتوظيف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The overall level of employment and prices in the economy depends upon the level of aggregate demand.","translation":"يعتمد المستوى العام للتوظيف والأسعار في الاقتصاد على مستوى الطلب الكلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Since wages and prices do not fall below a level, employment cannot be brought back to the earlier level automatically.","translation":"نظرًا لأن الأجور والأسعار لا تنخفض إلى ما دون مستوى معين، فلا يمكن إعادة التوظيف إلى المستوى السابق تلقائيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The intervention of the government whether to expand demand or reduce it constitutes the stabilisation function.","translation":"يشكل تدخل الحكومة سواء لتوسيع الطلب أو تقليصه وظيفة الاستقرار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Revenue receipts are those receipts that do not lead to a claim on the government.","translation":"إيرادات الإيرادات هي تلك الإيرادات التي لا تؤدي إلى مطالبة للحكومة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tax revenues, an important component of revenue receipts, have for long been divided into direct taxes and indirect taxes.","translation":"تم تقسيم الإيرادات الضريبية، وهي عنصر مهم من إيرادات الإيرادات، لفترة طويلة إلى ضرائب مباشرة وضرائب غير مباشرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government also receives money by way of loans or from the sale of its assets.","translation":"تتلقى الحكومة أيضًا أموالاً عن طريق القروض أو من بيع أصولها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government's fiscal policy aims to stabilize the economy.","translation":"تهدف السياسة المالية للحكومة إلى استقرار الاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Changes in government expenditure can impact aggregate demand.","translation":"يمكن أن تؤثر التغييرات في الإنفاق الحكومي على الطلب الكلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Taxes affect disposable income and consumption.","translation":"تؤثر الضرائب على الدخل المتاح والاستهلاك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The multiplier effect explains how government spending influences income.","translation":"يشرح تأثير المضاعف كيف يؤثر الإنفاق الحكومي على الدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A balanced budget multiplier of unity means that an increase in government spending, financed by an equal increase in taxes, increases income by the same amount.","translation":"يعني مضاعف الميزانية المتوازنة للوحدة أن الزيادة في الإنفاق الحكومي، الممول بزيادة متساوية في الضرائب، تزيد الدخل بنفس المبلغ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Proportional taxes affect the slope of the consumption function.","translation":"تؤثر الضرائب التناسبية على ميل دالة الاستهلاك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Government debt is closely related to budgetary deficits.","translation":"ترتبط الديون الحكومية ارتباطًا وثيقًا بعجز الميزانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Borrowing transfers the burden of reduced consumption to future generations.","translation":"تنقل الاقتراض عبء انخفاض الاستهلاك إلى الأجيال القادمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ricardian equivalence suggests that consumers are forward-looking.","translation":"تشير معادلة ريكاردو إلى أن المستهلكين يتطلعون إلى المستقبل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Deficits can be inflationary if aggregate demand increases.","translation":"يمكن أن تكون العجوزات تضخمية إذا زاد الطلب الكلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Government spending can be raised to offset undesirable shifts in investment demand.","translation":"يمكن زيادة الإنفاق الحكومي لتعويض التحولات غير المرغوب فيها في الطلب على الاستثمار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Proportional income tax acts as an automatic stabilizer.","translation":"يعمل ضريبة الدخل التناسبية كمثبت تلقائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Welfare transfers also help to stabilize income.","translation":"تساعد التحويلات الاجتماعية أيضًا على استقرار الدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The government has been trying to increase tax revenue.","translation":"تحاول الحكومة زيادة الإيرادات الضريبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Cutting back government programs could adversely affect the economy.","translation":"قد يؤثر تقليص البرامج الحكومية سلبًا على الاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Larger deficits do not always signify a more expansionary fiscal policy.","translation":"لا تعني العجوزات الأكبر دائمًا سياسة مالية أكثر توسعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Public goods are collectively consumed and non-excludable.","translation":"يتم استهلاك السلع العامة بشكل جماعي وغير قابلة للاستبعاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government provides public goods because private enterprise generally will not.","translation":"توفر الحكومة السلع العامة لأن المشاريع الخاصة عمومًا لن تفعل ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fiscal policy operates through government expenditure and receipts.","translation":"تعمل السياسة المالية من خلال الإنفاق والإيرادات الحكومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The goal of measuring primary deficit is to focus on present fiscal imbalances.","translation":"الهدف من قياس العجز الأولي هو التركيز على الاختلالات المالية الحالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The economy uses money balance worth only Rs 100 for making transactions worth Rs 200 per month.","translation":"الاقتصاد يستخدم رصيدًا نقديًا بقيمة 100 روبية فقط لإجراء معاملات بقيمة 200 روبية شهريًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each rupee is changing hands twice a month.","translation":"كل روبية تتغير الأيدي مرتين في الشهر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The number of times a unit of money changes hands during the unit period is called the velocity of circulation of money.","translation":"يُطلق على عدد المرات التي تتغير فيها وحدة من المال الأيدي خلال فترة الوحدة سرعة تداول المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We are ultimately interested in learning the relationship between the aggregate transaction demand for money of an economy and the (nominal) GDP in a given year.","translation":"نحن مهتمون في النهاية بمعرفة العلاقة بين الطلب الكلي على المعاملات على النقود في الاقتصاد والناتج المحلي الإجمالي (الاسمي) في سنة معينة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"An increase in nominal GDP implies an increase in the total value of transactions and hence a greater transaction demand for money.","translation":"زيادة الناتج المحلي الإجمالي الاسمي تعني زيادة في القيمة الإجمالية للمعاملات وبالتالي زيادة الطلب على المعاملات على النقود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The above equation tells us that transaction demand for money is positively related to the real income of an economy and also to its average price level.","translation":"تخبرنا المعادلة أعلاه أن الطلب على المعاملات على النقود يرتبط إيجابًا بالدخل الحقيقي للاقتصاد وأيضًا بمستوى الأسعار المتوسط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An individual may hold her wealth in the form of landed property, bullion, bonds, money etc.","translation":"يجوز للفرد أن يحتفظ بثروته في شكل ممتلكات أرضية، وسبائك، وسندات، ونقود، إلخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Typically bonds are papers bearing the promise of a future stream of monetary returns over a certain period of time.","translation":"عادة ما تكون السندات عبارة عن أوراق تحمل وعدًا بتدفق مستقبلي للعائدات النقدية على مدى فترة زمنية معينة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A firm wishes to raise a loan of Rs 100 from the public.","translation":"ترغب شركة في الحصول على قرض بقيمة 100 روبية من الجمهور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Such a bond is said to have a face value of Rs 100, a maturity period of two years and a coupon rate of 10 per cent.","translation":"يقال إن مثل هذه السندات لها قيمة اسمية قدرها 100 روبية، وفترة استحقاق مدتها عامان، ومعدل قسيمة قدره 10 في المائة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Assume that the rate of interest prevailing in your savings bank account is equal to 5 per cent.","translation":"افترض أن سعر الفائدة السائد في حساب التوفير المصرفي الخاص بك يساوي 5 في المائة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Naturally you would like to compare the earning from this bond with the interest earning of your savings bank account.","translation":"بطبيعة الحال، تود مقارنة الأرباح من هذه السندات بأرباح الفائدة من حساب التوفير المصرفي الخاص بك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Competitive bidding will raise the price of the bond above its face value, till price of the bond is equal to its PV.","translation":"سوف يؤد�� العطاء التنافسي إلى رفع سعر السندات فوق قيمتها الاسمية، حتى يصبح سعر السندات مساوياً لقيمتها الحالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is clear that under competitive assets market condition the price of a bond must always be equal to its present value in equilibrium.","translation":"من الواضح أنه في ظل ظروف سوق الأصول التنافسية، يجب أن يكون سعر السندات دائمًا مساويًا لقيمتها الحالية في حالة التوازن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Different people have different expectations regarding the future movements in the market rate of interest based on their private information regarding the economy.","translation":"لدى الأشخاص المختلفين توقعات مختلفة فيما يتعلق بالتحركات المستقبلية في سعر الفائدة في السوق بناءً على معلوماتهم الخاصة المتعلقة بالاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"If you think that the market rate of interest should eventually settle down to 8 per cent per annum, then you may consider the current rate of 5 per cent too low to be sustainable over time.","translation":"إذا كنت تعتقد أن سعر الفائدة في السوق يجب أن يستقر في النهاية عند 8 في المائة سنويًا، فقد تعتبر السعر الحالي البالغ 5 في المائة منخفضًا جدًا بحيث لا يمكن الحفاظ عليه بمرور الوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Such a loss occurring from a falling bond price is called a capital loss to the bond holder.","translation":"تسمى هذه الخسارة الناجمة عن انخفاض سعر السندات خسارة رأسمالية لحامل السندات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thus speculations regarding future movements in interest rate and bond prices give rise to the speculative demand for money.","translation":"وبالتالي، فإن المضاربات المتعلقة بالتحركات المستقبلية في سعر الفائدة وأسعار السندات تؤدي إلى الطلب المضارب على النقود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When the interest rate is very high everyone expects it to fall in future and hence anticipates capital gains from bond-holding.","translation":"عندما يكون سعر الفائدة مرتفعًا جدًا، يتوقع الجميع أن ينخفض في المستقبل، وبالتالي يتوقعون مكاسب رأسمالية من حيازة السندات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Total demand for money in an economy is, therefore, composed of transaction demand and speculative demand.","translation":"لذلك، يتكون إجمالي الطلب على النقود في الاقتصاد من طلب المعاملات والطلب المضارب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The exchange rate is the price of one currency in terms of another.","translation":"سعر الصرف هو سعر عملة واحدة بالنسبة لعملة أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Commercial banks and foreign exchange brokers are major participants in the foreign exchange market.","translation":"البنوك التجارية ووسطاء الصرف الأجنبي هم المشاركون الرئيسيون في سوق الصرف الأجنبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People demand foreign exchange to purchase goods and services from other countries.","translation":"يطلب الناس العملات الأجنبية لشراء السلع والخدمات من البلدان الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A rise in the price of foreign exchange increases the cost of purchasing foreign goods.","translation":"ارتفاع سعر الصرف الأجنبي يزيد من تكلفة شراء السلع الأجنبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Exports lead to the purchase of domestic goods and services by foreigners.","translation":"تؤدي الصادرات إلى شراء الأجانب للسلع والخدمات المحلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The exchange rate can be determined through flexible, fixed, or managed floating systems.","translation":"يمكن تحديد سعر الصرف من خلال الأنظمة المرنة أو الثابتة أو العائمة المُدارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In a flexible exchange rate system, the rate is determined by market forces.","translation":"في نظام سعر الصرف المرن، يتم تحديد السعر بقوى السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Central banks do not intervene in the foreign exchange market in a completely flexible system.","translation":"لا تتدخل البنوك المركزية في سوق الصرف الأجنبي في نظام مرن تمامًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"An increase in demand for foreign goods results in a change in the exchange rate.","translation":"تؤدي الزيادة في الطلب على السلع الأجنبية إلى تغيير في سعر الصرف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Depreciation of the domestic currency means its value has fallen relative to foreign currency.","translation":"انخفاض قيمة العملة المحلية يعني أن قيمتها قد انخفضت بالنسبة للعملة الأجنبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Speculation can affect exchange rates when people expect currency appreciation.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤثر المضاربة على أسعار الصرف عندما يتوقع الناس ارتفاع قيمة العملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Interest rate differentials are important in determining exchange rate movements.","translation":"تعتبر فروق أسعار الفائدة مهمة في تحديد تحركات أسعار الصرف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A rise in domestic interest rates often leads to an appreciation of the domestic currency.","translation":"غالبًا ما يؤدي ارتفاع أسعار الفائدة المحلية إلى ارتفاع قيمة العملة المحلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Increased income can lead to increased spending on imported goods.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤدي الدخل المتزايد إلى زيادة الإنفاق على السلع المستوردة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The purchasing power parity theory predicts long-run exchange rate adjustments.","translation":"تتوقع نظرية تعادل القوة الشرائية تعديلات أسعار الصرف على المدى الطويل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Fixed exchange rates are set by the government at a particular level.","translation":"يتم تحديد أسعار الصرف الثابتة من قبل الحكومة عند مستوى معين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Devaluation occurs when the government increases the exchange rate in a fixed system.","translation":"يحدث تخفيض قيمة العملة عندما تزيد الحكومة سعر الصرف في نظام ثابت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Fixed exchange rates are prone to speculative attacks.","translation":"أسعار الصرف الثابتة عرضة للهجمات المضاربة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Managed floating is a mix of flexible and fixed exchange rate systems.","translation":"التعويم المُدار هو مزيج من أنظمة سعر الصرف المرنة والثابتة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The open economy multiplier is smaller than the closed economy multiplier.","translation":"مضاعف الاقتصاد المفتوح أصغر من مضاعف الاقتصاد المغلق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The budget is divided into revenue and capital budgets.","translation":"تنقسم الميزانية إلى ميزانيات الإيرادات ورأس المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Fiscal deficit as a percentage of GDP indicates a decline in government expenditure quality.","translation":"يشير العجز المالي كنسبة مئوية من الناتج المحلي الإجمالي إلى تدهور في جودة الإنفاق الحكومي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Proportional taxes reduce the autonomous expenditure multiplier.","translation":"الضرائب التناسبية تقلل من مضاعف الإنفاق المستقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Public debt can be burdensome if it hinders future economic growth.","translation":"يمكن أن يكون الدين العام عبئًا إذا أعاق النمو الاقتصادي في المستقبل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The FRBMA was enacted in August 2003.","translation":"سُن قانون المسؤولية المالية وإدارة الميزانية في أغسطس 2003.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The government must ensure inter-generational equity.","translation":"يجب على الحكومة ضمان الإنصاف بين الأجيال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Act mandates measures to reduce fiscal deficit.","translation":"ينص القانون على اتخاذ تدابير لخفض العجز المالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The actual deficits may exceed targets in cases of national security.","translation":"قد تتجاوز العجوزات الفعلية الأهداف في حالات الأمن القومي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The central government should not borrow from the Reserve Bank of India.","translation":"يجب على الحكومة المركزية ألا تقترض من بنك الاحتياطي الهندي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The GST is a single comprehensive indirect tax.","translation":"ضريبة السلع والخدمات هي ضريبة غير مباشرة شاملة واحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"GST was rolled out on July 1, 2017.","translation":"تم تطبيق ضريبة السلع والخدمات في 1 يوليو 2017.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The 101st Constitution Amendment Act introduced Article 246A.","translation":"أدخل قانون التعديل الدستوري رقم 101 المادة 246 أ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"GST has simplified the multiplicity of taxes.","translation":"قامت ضريبة السلع والخدمات بتبسيط تعدد الضرائب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It has facilitated the freedom of movement of goods and services.","translation":"لقد سهلت حرية حركة السلع والخدمات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The tax base has been expanded.","translation":"تم توسيع القاعدة الضريبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"An open economy interacts with other countries.","translation":"الاقتصاد المفتوح يتفاعل مع البلدان الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Foreign trade influences Indian aggregate demand.","translation":"التجارة الخارجية تؤثر على الطلب الكلي الهندي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The price of one currency in terms of another is the exchange rate.","translation":"سعر عملة واحدة بالنسبة لعملة أخرى هو سعر الصرف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The balance of payments records transactions.","translation":"تسجل ميزان المدفوعات المعاملات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Current Account is the record of trade in goods and services.","translation":"الحساب الجاري هو سجل التجارة في السلع والخدمات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Bank rate is the interest rate commercial banks pay to the RBI for borrowing money.","translation":"سعر البنك هو سعر الفائدة الذي تدفعه البنوك التجارية إلى بنك الاحتياطي الفيدرالي مقابل اقتراض الأموال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Barter exchange involves trading goods and services directly without using money.","translation":"يتضمن تبادل المقايضة تداول السلع والخدمات مباشرة دون استخدام المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The base year's prices are used to calculate real GDP, adjusting for inflation.","translation":"تُستخدم أسعار السنة الأساسية لحساب الناتج المحلي الإجمالي الحقيقي، مع تعديلها حسب التضخم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Bonds are issued by governments and firms to raise capital from the public.","translation":"تصدر السندات من قبل الحكومات والشركات لجمع رأس المال من الجمهور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Broad money includes both narrow money and time deposits held by banks.","translation":"يشمل النقد الواسع كلاً من النقد الضيق والودائع لأجل التي تحتفظ بها البنوك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Capital is a factor of production that is itself produced, like machinery.","translation":"رأس المال هو عامل إنتاج يتم إنتاجه بنفسه، مثل الآلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A capital gain occurs when the value of a bond increases.","translation":"تحدث المكاسب الرأسمالية عندما تزداد قيمة السند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Capital goods are used to produce other goods, not for immediate consumption.","translation":"تُستخدم السلع الرأسمالية لإنتاج سلع أخرى، وليست للاستهلاك الفوري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A capitalist economy is characterized by private ownership and market-based production.","translation":"يتميز الاقتصاد الرأسمالي بالملكية الخاصة والإنتاج القائم على السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"CRR is the percentage of deposits banks must keep with the central bank.","translation":"CRR هي النسبة المئوية للودائع التي يجب على البنوك الاحتفاظ بها لدى البنك المركزي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The circular flow of income shows how money moves through an economy.","translation":"يوضح التدفق الدائري للدخل كيفية تحرك الأموال عبر الاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Consumer durables are goods that last for a long time, like appliances.","translation":"السلع المعمرة هي السلع التي تدوم لفترة طويلة، مثل الأجهزة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The CPI measures changes in the average price level of consumer goods.","translation":"يقيس مؤشر أسعار المستهلك التغيرات في متوسط مستوى أسعار السلع الاستهلاكية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Consumption goods are used to satisfy immediate consumer needs.","translation":"تُستخدم السلع الاستهلاكية لتلبية احتياجات المستهلكين الفورية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Corporate tax is levied on the profits of corporations.","translation":"يُفرض ضريبة الشركات على أرباح الشركات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The currency deposit ratio reflects the public's preference for holding money as cash versus deposits.","translation":"تعكس نسبة إيداع العملة تفضيل الجمهور للاحتفاظ بالأموال نقدًا مقابل الودائع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Deficit financing through central bank borrowing can lead to inflation.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤدي تمويل العجز من خلال الاقتراض من البنك المركزي إلى التضخم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Depreciation is a decrease in the value of a currency under floating exchange rates.","translation":"انخفاض قيمة العملة هو انخفاض في قيمة العملة في ظل أسعار الصرف العائمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Depreciation also refers to the wear and tear of capital stock.","translation":"يشير الاستهلاك أيضًا إلى البلى والتلف في رأس المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Devaluation is a decrease in the value of a currency under a fixed exchange rate.","translation":"تخفيض قيمة العملة هو انخفاض في قيمة العملة في ظل سعر صرف ثابت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/Economics-Introductory Microeconomics-XII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,240 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"The family must choose between different goods and services.","translation":"يجب على الأسرة أن تختار بين السلع والخدمات المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Scarcity of resources forces choices.","translation":"ندرة الموارد تجبر على الاختيار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If the family wants a bigger house, they might have to give up arable land.","translation":"إذا أرادت الأسرة منزلاً أكبر، فقد تضطر إلى التخلي عن بعض الأراضي الصالحة للزراعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Everyone in society faces resource scarcity.","translation":"يواجه الجميع في المجتمع ندرة الموارد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Individuals produce goods and services, but want a variety.","translation":"ينتج الأفراد السلع والخدمات، لكنهم يريدون مجموعة متنوعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Production must match societal consumption desires.","translation":"يجب أن يتطابق الإنتاج مع رغبات الاستهلاك المجتمعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If there's excess corn, resources could be used elsewhere.","translation":"إذا كان هناك فائض من الذرة، يمكن استخدام الموارد في مكان آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Societal resources are scarce compared to collective wants.","translation":"الموارد المجتمعية نادرة مقارنة بالرغبات الجماعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Resource allocation determines the mix of goods and services.","translation":"يحدد تخصيص الموارد مزيج السلع والخدمات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Distribution of goods and services is a basic economic problem.","translation":"توزيع السلع والخدمات مشكلة اقتصادية أساسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Economies are more complex than the simplified society discussed.","translation":"الاقتصادات أكثر تعقيدًا من المجتمع المبسط الذي تمت مناقشته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Production, exchange, and consumption are basic economic activities.","translation":"الإنتاج والتبادل والاستهلاك هي أنشطة اقتصادية أساسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Societies must decide what and how much to produce.","translation":"يجب على المجتمعات أن تقرر ماذا وكم تنتج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Choices include food, clothing, housing, and luxury goods.","translation":"تشمل الخيارات الغذاء والملابس والإسكان والسلع الفاخرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Societies decide how to use resources: labor or machines.","translation":"تقرر المجتمعات كيفية استخدام الموارد: العمالة أو الآلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The distribution of goods is a key economic question.","translation":"توزيع السلع سؤال اقتصادي رئيسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Should everyone have a minimum level of consumption?","translation":"هل يجب أن يتمتع الجميع بحد أدنى من الاستهلاك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Allocation of resources and distribution of goods are central problems.","translation":"تخصيص الموارد وتوزيع السلع هما مشكلتان مركزيتان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The production possibility frontier illustrates resource limits.","translation":"يوضح منحنى إمكانية الإنتاج حدود الموارد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Opportunity cost is the cost of choosing one good over another.","translation":"تكلفة الفرصة البديلة هي تكلفة اختيار سلعة واحدة على أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A decrease in income causes a parallel inward shift of the budget line.","translation":"انخفاض الدخل يسبب تحولًا موازيًا إلى الداخل لخط الميزانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An increase in income causes a parallel outward shift of the budget line.","translation":"زيادة الدخل تسبب تحولًا موازيًا إلى الخارج لخط الميزانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An increase in the price of bananas makes the budget line steeper.","translation":"زيادة سعر الموز تجعل خط الميزانية أكثر انحدارًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A decrease in the price of bananas makes the budget line flatter.","translation":"انخفاض سعر الموز يجعل خط الميزانية أكثر تسطحًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The optimum bundle of the consumer is located at the point where the budget line is tangent to one of the indifference curves.","translation":"يقع الحزمة المثلى للمستهلك عند النقطة التي يكون فيها خط الميزانية مماسًا لأحد منحنيات السواء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In economics, it is generally assumed that the consumer is a rational individual.","translation":"في الاقتصاد، يفترض عمومًا أن المستهلك فرد عقلاني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A rational consumer always chooses the one which gives her maximum satisfaction.","translation":"يختار المستهلك العقلاني دائمًا الخيار الذي يمنحه أقصى قدر من الرضا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The consumer’s problem can also be stated as follows: The rational consumer’s problem is to move to a point on the highest possible indifference curve given her budget set.","translation":"يمكن أيضًا صياغة مشكلة المستهلك على النحو التالي: مشكلة المستهلك العقلاني هي الانتقال إلى نقطة على أعلى منحنى سواء ممكن بالنظر إلى مجموعة ميزانيته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The optimum point would be located on the budget line.","translation":"ستقع النقطة المثلى على خط الميزانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Points above the budget line are not available to the consumer.","translation":"النقاط فوق خط الميزانية غير متاحة للمستهلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The optimum bundle is located on the budget line at the point where the budget line is tangent to an indifference curve.","translation":"يقع الحزمة المثلى على خط الميزانية عند النقطة التي يكون فيها خط الميزانية مماسًا لمنحنى السواء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The demand curve is a relation between the quantity of the good chosen by a consumer and the price of the good.","translation":"منحنى الطلب هو علاقة بين كمية السلعة التي يختارها المستهلك وسعر السلعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The demand curve gives the quantity demanded by the consumer at each price.","translation":"يعطي منحنى الطلب الكمية المطلوبة من قبل المستهلك عند كل سعر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The demand function can also be represented graphically as in Figure 2.13.","translation":"يمكن أيضًا تمثيل دالة الطلب بيانيًا كما هو موضح في الشكل 2.13.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The graphical representation of the demand function is called the demand curve.","translation":"يُطلق على التمثيل البياني لدالة الطلب اسم منحنى الطلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The relation between the consumer’s demand for a good and the price of the good is likely to be negative in general.","translation":"من المرجح أن تكون العلاقة بين طلب المستهلك على سلعة وسعر السلعة سلبية بشكل عام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"When bananas become cheaper, the consumer maximises his utility by substituting bananas for mangoes.","translation":"عندما يصبح الموز أرخص، يزيد المستهلك من منفعته عن طريق استبدال الموز بالمانجو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Law of Demand states that other things being equal, there is a negative relation between demand for a commodity and its price.","translation":"تنص قاعدة الطلب على أنه مع تساوي العوامل الأخرى، توجد علاقة سلبية بين الطلب على سلعة وسعرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"For most goods, the quantity that a consumer chooses, increases as the consumer’s income increases.","translation":"بالنسبة لمعظم السلع، تزداد الكمية التي يختارها المستهلك مع زيادة دخل المستهلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Goods which are consumed together are called complementary goods.","translation":"السلع التي يتم استهلاكها معًا تسمى السلع التكميلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The market demand can be derived by adding equations (2.14) and (2.15).","translation":"يمكن اشتقاق طلب السوق عن طريق إضافة المعادلتين (2.14) و (2.15).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At any price less than or equal to 10, the market demand is given by 25 – 2p.","translation":"عند أي سعر أقل من أو يساوي 10، يُعطى طلب السوق بـ 25 – 2p.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The demand for a good moves in the opposite direction of its price.","translation":"يتحرك الطلب على السلعة في الاتجاه المعاكس لسعرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Sometimes, the demand for a good changes considerably even for small price changes.","translation":"في بعض الأحيان، يتغير الطلب على السلعة بشكل كبير حتى مع التغيرات الصغيرة في الأسعار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Price elasticity of demand is a measure of the responsiveness of the demand for a good to changes in its price.","translation":"مرونة الطلب السعرية هي مقياس لاستجابة الطلب على سلعة للتغيرات في سعرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Price elasticity of demand for a good is defined as the percentage change in demand for the good divided by the percentage change in its price.","translation":"يُعرَّف سعر مرونة الطلب على سلعة على أنه التغير المئوي في الطلب على السلعة مقسومًا على التغير المئوي في سعرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Suppose an individual buy 15 bananas when its price is Rs. 5 per banana.","translation":"لنفترض أن فردًا يشتري 15 موزة عندما يكون سعرها 5 روبيات للموزة الواحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When the percentage change in quantity demanded is less than the percentage change in market price, D e is estimated to be less than one.","translation":"عندما يكون التغير المئوي في الكمية المطلوبة أقل من التغير المئوي في سعر السوق، يُقدر D e بأقل من واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Demand for essential goods is often found to be inelastic.","translation":"غالبًا ما يُلاحظ أن الطلب على السلع الأساسية غير مرن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"When the percentage change in quantity demanded is more than the percentage change in market price, the demand is said to be highly responsive.","translation":"عندما يكون التغير المئوي في الكمية المطلوبة أكبر من التغير المئوي في سعر السوق، يُقال إن الطلب شديد الاستجابة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Demand for luxury goods is seen to be highly responsive to changes in their market prices.","translation":"يُرى أن الطلب على السلع الفاخرة شديد الاستجابة للتغيرات في أسعار السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The elasticity of demand is different at different points on a linear demand curve.","translation":"تختلف مرونة الطلب عند نقاط مختلفة على منحنى الطلب الخطي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At p = 0, the elasticity is 0, at q = 0, elasticity is ∞.","translation":"عند p = 0، المرونة هي 0، وعند q = 0، المرونة هي ∞.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The elasticity of demand on different points on a linear demand curve is different varying from 0 to ∞.","translation":"تختلف مرونة الطلب عند نقاط مختلفة على منحنى الطلب الخطي، وتتراوح من 0 إلى ∞.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Consider, for example, a vertical demand curve as the one depicted in Figure 2.20(a).","translation":"على سبيل المثال، ضع في اعتبارك منحنى طلب رأسيًا كما هو موضح في الشكل 2.20 (أ).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A horizontal demand curve is perfectly elastic.","translation":"منحنى الطلب الأفقي مرن تمامًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The elasticity of demand at any point on a straight line demand curve is given by the ratio of the lower segment and the upper segment of the demand curve at that point.","translation":"تُعطى مرونة الطلب عند أي نقطة على منحنى طلب خط مستقيم بنسبة الجزء السفلي والجزء العلوي من منحنى الطلب عند تلك النقطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The price elasticity of demand for a good depends on the nature of the good and the availability of close substitutes of the good.","translation":"تعتمد مرونة الطلب السعرية على سلعة على طبيعة السلعة وتوافر البدائل القريبة للسلعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In general, demand for a necessity is likely to be price inelastic while demand for a luxury good is likely to be price elastic.","translation":"بشكل عام، من المرجح أن يكون الطلب على الضروريات غير مرن سعريًا، في حين أن الطلب على السلع الفاخرة من المرجح أن يكون مرنًا سعريًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The expenditure on a good is equal to the demand for the good times its price.","translation":"يساوي الإنفاق على سلعة الطلب على السلعة مضروبًا في سعرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The law of diminishing marginal utility explains why demand curves have a negative slope.","translation":"يوضح قانون تناقص المنفعة الحدية سبب انحدار منحنيات الطلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cardinal utility analysis is simple to understand, but suffers from a major drawback in the form of quantification of utility in numbers.","translation":"تحليل المنفعة الأساسية سهل الفهم، ولكنه يعاني من عيب كبير في شكل تحديد المنفعة بالأرقام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In real life, we never express utility in the form of numbers.","translation":"في الحياة الواقعية، لا نعبر أبدًا عن المنفعة في شكل أرقام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"At the most, we can rank various alternative combinations in terms of having more or less utility.","translation":"على الأكثر، يمكننا ترتيب مجموعات بديلة مختلفة من حيث الحصول على منفعة أكثر أو أقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The consumer does not measure utility in numbers, though she often ranks various consumption bundles.","translation":"المستهلك لا يقيس المنفعة بالأرقام، على الرغم من أنها غالبًا ما تصنف حزم الاستهلاك المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This forms the starting point of this topic – Ordinal Utility Analysis.","translation":"هذا يشكل نقطة البداية لهذا الموضوع - تحليل المنفعة الترتيبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A consumer’s preferences over the set of available bundles can often be represented diagrammatically.","translation":"غالبًا ما يمكن تمثيل تفضيلات المستهلك على مجموعة الحزم المتاحة بيانيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We have already seen that the bundles available to the consumer can be plotted as points in a two- dimensional diagram.","translation":"لقد رأينا بالفعل أنه يمكن رسم الحزم المتاحة للمستهلك كنقاط في رسم بياني ثنائي الأبعاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The points representing bundles which give the consumer equal utility can generally be joined to obtain a curve like the one in Figure 2.3.","translation":"يمكن عمومًا ربط النقاط التي تمثل الحزم التي تعطي المستهلك منفعة متساوية للحصول على منحنى مثل المنحنى الموجود في الشكل 2.3.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The consumer is said to be indifferent on the different bundles because each point of the bundles give the consumer equal utility.","translation":"يقال إن المستهلك غير مبال بالحزم المختلفة لأن كل نقطة من الحزم تعطي المستهلك منفعة متساوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Such a curve joining all points representing bundles among which the consumer is indifferent is called an indifference curve.","translation":"يُطلق على مثل هذا المنحنى الذي يربط جميع النقاط التي تمثل الحزم التي لا يبالي بها المستهلك منحنى السواء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"All the points such as A, B, C and D lying on an indifference curve provide the consumer with the same level of satisfaction.","translation":"توفر جميع النقاط مثل A و B و C و D الموجودة على منحنى السواء للمستهلك نفس مستوى الرضا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is clear that when a consumer gets one more banana, he has to forego some mangoes, so that her total utility level remains the same and she remains on the same indifference curve.","translation":"من الواضح أنه عندما يحصل المستهلك على موزة أخرى، يجب عليه التخلي عن بعض المانجو، بحيث يظل مستوى المنفعة الإجمالية كما هو ويظل على نفس منحنى السواء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Therefore, indifference curve slopes downward.","translation":"لذلك، ينحدر منحنى السواء إلى الأسفل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The amount of mangoes that the consumer has to forego, in order to get an additional banana, her total utility level being the same, is called marginal rate of substitution (MRS).","translation":"يُطلق على كمية المانجو التي يجب على المستهلك التخلي عنها، من أجل الحصول على موزة إضافية، مع بقاء مستوى المنفعة الإجمالية كما هو، معدل الإحلال الحدي (MRS).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In other words, MRS is simply the rate at which the consumer will substitute bananas for mangoes, so that her total utility remains constant.","translation":"بمعنى آخر، MRS هو ببساطة المعدل الذي سيستبدل به المستهلك الموز بالمانجو، بحيث تظل منفعته الإجمالية ثابتة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One can notice that, in the table 2.2, as we increase the quantity of bananas, the quantity of mangoes sacrificed for each additional banana declines.","translation":"يمكن للمرء أن يلاحظ أنه في الجدول 2.2، عندما نزيد كمية الموز، فإن كمية المانجو التي يتم التضحية بها مقابل كل موزة إضافية تتناقص.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"As the number of bananas with the consumer increases, the MU derived from each additional banana falls.","translation":"مع زيادة عدد الموز لدى المستهلك، تنخفض المنفعة الحدية المستمدة من كل موزة إضافية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Similarly, with the fall in quantity of mangoes, the marginal utility derived from mangoes increases.","translation":"وبالمثل، مع انخفاض كمية المانجو، تزداد المنفعة الحدية المستمدة من المانجو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This tendency for the MRS to fall with increase in quantity of bananas is known as Law of Diminishing Marginal Rate of Substitution.","translation":"تُعرف هذه النزعة لانخفاض MRS مع زيادة كمية الموز باسم قانون تناقص معدل الإحلال الحدي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Average cost is the total cost per unit of output.","translation":"التكلفة المتوسطة هي التكلفة الإجمالية لكل وحدة إنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The demand curve is a graphical representation of the demand function.","translation":"منحنى الطلب هو تمثيل بياني لدالة الطلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Equilibrium is a situation where the plans of all consumers and firms in the market match.","translation":"التوازن هو الوضع الذي تتطابق فيه خطط جميع المستهلكين والشركات في السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A firm's supply curve shows the levels of output that a profit-maximizing firm will choose to produce at different values of the market price.","translation":"يوضح منحنى العرض للشركة مستويات الإنتاج التي ستختارها الشركة التي تهدف إلى تحقيق الربح لإنتاجها عند قيم مختلفة لسعر السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government-imposed upper limit on the price of a good or service is called price ceiling.","translation":"يُطلق على الحد الأقصى الذي تفرضه الحكومة على سعر سلعة أو خدمة سقف السعر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The law of diminishing marginal product states that if we keep increasing the employment of an input with other inputs fixed then eventually a point will be reached after which the marginal product of that input will start falling.","translation":"ينص قانون تناقص الناتج الحدي على أنه إذا استمررنا في زيادة توظيف مدخلات مع تثبيت المدخلات الأخرى، فسيتم الوصول في النهاية إلى نقطة سيبدأ بعدها الناتج الحدي لتلك المدخلات في الانخفاض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Monopolistic competition is a market structure where there exist a very large number of sellers selling differentiated but substitutable products.","translation":"المنافسة الاحتكارية هي هيكل سوق يوجد فيه عدد كبير جدًا من البائعين الذين يبيعون منتجات متباينة ولكن قابلة للاستبدال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The change in the optimal quantity of a good when the purchasing power changes consequent upon a change in the price of the good is called the income effect.","translation":"يُطلق على التغيير في الكمية المثلى لسلعة ما عندما تتغير القوة الشرائية نتيجة لتغير سعر السلعة تأثير الدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The total cost is the sum of total fixed cost and total variable cost.","translation":"التكلفة الإجمالية هي مجموع التكلفة الثابتة الإجمالية والتكلفة المتغيرة الإجمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The short run refers to a time period in which some factors of production cannot be varied.","translation":"يشير المدى القصير إلى فترة زمنية لا يمكن فيها تغيير بعض عوامل الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The budget line consists of all bundles which cost exactly equal to the consumer’s income.","translation":"يتكون خط الميزانية من جميع الحزم التي تكلّف ما يعادل بالضبط دخل المستهلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A consumer’s demand function for a good gives the amount of the good that the consumer chooses at different levels of its price when the other things remain unchanged.","translation":"تعطي دالة طلب المستهلك على سلعة ما كمية السلعة التي يختارها المستهلك عند مستويات مختلفة من سعرها عندما تظل الأشياء الأخرى دون تغيير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If at a price market, demand exceeds market supply, it is said that excess demand exists in the market at that price.","translation":"إذا تجاوز الطلب المعروض في السوق بسعر معين، يقال إن هناك طلبًا زائدًا في السوق عند هذا السعر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Increasing returns to scale is a property of production function that holds when a proportional increase in all inputs results in an increase in output by more than the proportion.","translation":"العوائد المتزايدة على نطاق واسع هي خاصية لدالة الإنتاج التي تنطبق عندما تؤدي الزيادة النسبية في جميع المدخلات إلى زيادة في الإنتاج بأكثر من النسبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"An indifference curve is the locus of all points among which the consumer is indifferent.","translation":"منحنى السواء هو موضع جميع النقاط التي لا يبالي بها المستهلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A good for which the demand decreases with increase in the income of the consumer is called an inferior good.","translation":"تسمى السلعة التي ينخفض الطلب عليها مع زيادة دخل المستهلك بالسلعة الرديئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Isoquant is the set of all possible combinations of the two inputs that yield the same maximum possible level of output.","translation":"منحنى تساوي الإنتاج هو مجموعة جميع التركيبات الممكنة للمدخلين اللذين ينتجان نفس المستوى الأقصى الممكن من الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The marginal product of a factor input initially rises with its employment level when the level of employment of the input is low. But after reaching a certain level of employment, it starts falling.","translation":"يزداد الناتج الحدي لمدخلات العامل في البداية مع مستوى توظيفه عندما يكون مستوى توظيف المدخلات منخفضًا. ولكن بعد الوصول إلى مستوى معين من التوظيف، يبدأ في الانخفاض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The market supply curve shows the output levels that firms in the market produce in aggregate corresponding to different values of the market price.","translation":"يوضح منحنى العرض في السوق مستويات الإنتاج التي تنتجها الشركات في السوق بشكل إجمالي بما يتوافق مع قيم مختلفة لسعر السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Opportunity cost of some activity is the gain foregone from the second best activity.","translation":"تكلفة الفرصة البديلة لبعض الأنشطة هي المكسب الذي تم التخلي عنه من أفضل نشاط ثانٍ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A firm uses inputs like labor and capital to produce output.","translation":"تستخدم الشركة مدخلات مثل العمالة ورأس المال لإنتاج المخرجات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The production function shows the relationship between inputs and output.","translation":"توضح دالة الإنتاج العلاقة بين المدخلات والمخرجات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the short run, at least one input is fixed.","translation":"في المدى القصير، يتم تثبيت مدخل واحد على الأقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The cost of production includes the expenses for all inputs.","translation":"تشمل تكلفة الإنتاج نفقات جميع المدخلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A farmer uses land, labor, and other resources to grow wheat.","translation":"يستخدم المزارع الأرض والعمالة والموارد الأخرى لزراعة القمح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The objective of a firm is to maximize its profit.","translation":"هدف الشركة هو تعظيم أرباحها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The difference between revenue and cost is the profit.","translation":"الفرق بين الإيرادات والتكلفة هو الربح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In the long run, all factors of production can be varied.","translation":"في المدى الطويل، يمكن تغيير جميع عوامل الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An isoquant represents all input combinations that yield the same output level.","translation":"يمثل منحنى السواء جميع مجموعات المدخلات التي تعطي نفس مستوى الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Average product is the output per unit of variable input.","translation":"المتوسط ​​المنتج هو الناتج لكل وحدة من المدخلات المتغيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Marginal product is the change in output from a change in input.","translation":"المنتج الهامشي هو التغير في الإنتاج من التغير في المدخلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The law of diminishing marginal product is a key concept.","translation":"قانون تناقص المنتج الهامشي هو مفهوم أساسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Total product initially increases, then may decrease.","translation":"يزداد إجمالي المنتج في البداية، ثم قد ينخفض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Returns to scale describe how output changes with changes in all inputs.","translation":"تصف العوائد إلى الحجم كيفية تغير الإنتاج مع التغيرات في جميع المدخلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Constant returns to scale mean output increases proportionally to input increases.","translation":"تعني العوائد الثابتة إلى الحجم أن الإنتاج يزداد بما يتناسب مع زيادات المدخلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Increasing returns to scale mean output increases more than proportionally.","translation":"تعني العوائد المتزايدة إلى الحجم أن الإنتاج يزداد بأكثر من التناسب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Decreasing returns to scale mean output increases less than proportionally.","translation":"تعني العوائد المتناقصة إلى الحجم أن الإنتاج يزداد بأقل من التناسب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Total fixed cost does not change with output.","translation":"لا تتغير التكلفة الثابتة الإجمالية مع الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Total variable cost changes with the level of output.","translation":"تتغير التكلفة المتغيرة الإجمالية مع مستوى الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The short run average cost is the total cost per unit of output.","translation":"متوسط ​​التكلفة في المدى القصير هو إجمالي التكلفة لكل وحدة إنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Total cost is the vertical sum of total fixed cost and total variable cost.","translation":"التكلفة الإجمالية هي المجموع الرأسي للتكلفة الثابتة الإجمالية والتكلفة المتغيرة الإجمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As output increases, total variable cost and total cost increase.","translation":"مع زيادة الإنتاج، تزداد التكلفة المتغيرة الإجمالية والتكلفة الإجمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Total fixed cost, however, is independent of the amount of output produced and remains constant for all levels of production.","translation":"ومع ذلك، فإن التكلفة الثابتة الإجمالية مستقلة عن كمية الإنتاج وتظل ثابتة لجميع مستويات الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The average fixed cost curve is a rectangular hyperbola.","translation":"منحنى متوسط ​​التكلفة الثابتة هو قطع زائد مستطيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Marginal cost is the additional cost that a firm incurs to produce one extra unit of output.","translation":"التكلفة الحدية هي التكلفة الإضافية التي تتكبدها الشركة لإنتاج وحدة إضافية واحدة من الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"SMC curve is, therefore, ‘U’-shaped.","translation":"وبالتالي، فإن منحنى SMC على شكل 'U'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The AVC curve is therefore ‘U’-shaped.","translation":"وبالتالي، فإن منحنى AVC على شكل 'U'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"SAC curve is therefore ‘U’-shaped.","translation":"وبالتالي، فإن منحنى SAC على شكل 'U'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In the long run, all inputs are variable.","translation":"على المدى الطويل، تكون جميع المدخلات متغيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Long run average cost (LRAC) is defined as cost per unit of output.","translation":"يُعرَّف متوسط ​​التكلفة على المدى الطويل (LRAC) بأنه التكلفة لكل وحدة إنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Long run marginal cost (LRMC) is the change in total cost per unit of change in output.","translation":"التكلفة الحدية على المدى الطويل (LRMC) هي التغير في التكلفة الإجمالية لكل وحدة تغير في الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"IRS implies that if we increase all the inputs by a certain proportion, output increases by more than that proportion.","translation":"يشير IRS إلى أنه إذا زدنا جميع المدخلات بنسبة معينة، فإن الإنتاج يزداد بأكثر من تلك النسبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"CRS implies a proportional increase in inputs resulting in a proportional increase in output.","translation":"يشير CRS إلى زيادة متناسبة في المدخلات مما يؤدي إلى زيادة متناسبة في الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The focus of this chapter is different.","translation":"ينصب تركيز هذا الفصل على شيء مختلف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A perfectly competitive market has the following defining features:","translation":"تتميز السوق التنافسية تمامًا بالميزات المحددة التالية:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The market consists of a large number of buyers and sellers","translation":"تتكون السوق من عدد كبير من المشترين والبائعين","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Each firm produces and sells a homogenous product.","translation":"تنتج كل شركة وتبيع منتجًا متجانسًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Entry into the market as well as exit from the market are free for firms.","translation":"الدخول إلى السوق وكذلك الخروج منها أمران حران للشركات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Information is perfect.","translation":"المعلومات مثالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Price-taking is often thought to be a reasonable assumption when the market has many firms and buyers have perfect information about the price prevailing in the market.","translation":"غالبًا ما يُعتقد أن تحديد السعر هو افتراض معقول عندما يكون لدى السوق العديد من الشركات ولديه المشترون معلومات كاملة عن السعر السائد في السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A firm earns revenue by selling the good that it produces in the market.","translation":"تكسب الشركة إيرادات من خلال بيع السلعة التي تنتجها في السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Let the market price of a unit of the good be p.","translation":"دع سعر السوق لوحدة السلعة يكون p.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Then, total revenue (TR) of the firm is defined as the market price of the good (p) multiplied by the firm’s output (q).","translation":"إذن، يُعرَّف إجمالي الإيرادات (TR) للشركة على أنه سعر السوق للسلعة (p) مضروبًا في إنتاج الشركة (q).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For a candle manufacturer, Table 4.1 shows how total revenue is related to output.","translation":"بالنسبة لشركة تصنيع الشموع، يوضح الجدول 4.1 كيفية ارتباط إجمالي الإيرادات بالإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Notice that when no box is sold, TR is equal to zero.","translation":"لاحظ أنه عندما لا يتم بيع أي صندوق، فإن TR تساوي صفرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We can depict how the total revenue changes as the quantity sold changes through a Total Revenue Curve.","translation":"يمكننا أن نصوّر كيف تتغير الإيرادات الإجمالية مع تغير الكمية المباعة من خلال منحنى الإيرادات الإجمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A total revenue curve plots Boxes sold TR (in Rs) Table 4.1: Total Revenue 0 0 110 220 330 440 550","translation":"منحنى الإيرادات الإجمالية يرسم الصناديق المباعة TR (بالروبية) الجدول 4.1: إجمالي الإيرادات 0 0 110 220 330 440 550","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"First, when the output is zero, the total revenue of the firm is also zero.","translation":"أولاً، عندما يكون الإنتاج صفرًا، تكون الإيرادات الإجمالية للشركة أيضًا صفرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Second, the total revenue increases as the output goes up.","translation":"ثانيًا، تزداد الإيرادات الإجمالية مع زيادة الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Moreover, the equation ‘TR = p × q’ is that of a straight line because p is constant.","translation":"علاوة على ذلك، فإن المعادلة 'TR = p × q' هي معادلة خط مستقيم لأن p ثابت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Third, consider the slope of this straight line.","translation":"ثالثًا، ضع في اعتبارك ميل هذا الخط المستقيم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The average revenue ( AR ) of a firm is defined as total revenue per unit of output.","translation":"يُعرَّف متوسط الإيرادات (AR) للشركة على أنه إجمالي الإيرادات لكل وحدة إنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In other words, for a price-taking firm, average revenue equals the market price.","translation":"بمعنى آخر، بالنسبة للشركة التي تأخذ السعر، فإن متوسط الإيرادات يساوي سعر السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This horizontal straight line is called the price line.","translation":"يسمى هذا الخط المستقيم الأفقي خط السعر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is also the firm’s AR curve under perfect competition","translation":"وهو أيضًا منحنى AR للشركة في ظل المنافسة الكاملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The price line also depicts the demand curve facing a firm.","translation":"يصور خط السعر أيضًا منحنى الطلب الذي يواجه الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The marginal revenue (MR) of a firm is defined as the increase in total revenue for a unit increase in the firm’s output.","translation":"يُعرَّف الإيراد الحدي (MR) للشركة على أنه الزيادة في إجمالي الإيرادات لزيادة وحدة واحدة في إنتاج الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Total revenue from the sale of 2 boxes of candles is Rs.20.","translation":"إجمالي الإيرادات من بيع صندوقين من الشموع هو 20 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Thus, for the perfectly competitive firm, MR=AR=p","translation":"وبالتالي، بالنسبة للشركة التي تتسم بالمنافسة الكاملة، MR=AR=p","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A firm wishes to maximise its profit.","translation":"ترغب الشركة في تعظيم أرباحها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The firm's marginal cost at any level of output shifts the MC curve.","translation":"تؤدي التكلفة الحدية للشركة عند أي مستوى إنتاج إلى تحويل منحنى التكلفة الحدية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This means that the firm’s supply curve shifts to the left.","translation":"هذا يعني أن منحنى العرض الخاص بالشركة يتحول إلى اليسار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"At any given market price, the firm now supplies fewer units of output.","translation":"عند أي سعر سوق معين، تقوم الشركة الآن بتوريد وحدات إنتاج أقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You can either keep it in the house-safe which will give you zero return.","translation":"يمكنك إما الاحتفاظ بها في الخزنة المنزلية، مما يمنحك عائدًا صفريًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Or you can deposit it in either bank-1 or bank-2 in which case you get an interest.","translation":"أو يمكنك إيداعها في البنك 1 أو البنك 2، وفي هذه الحالة تحصل على فائدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The maximum benefit that you may get from other alternative activities is the interest from the bank-1.","translation":"المنفعة القصوى التي قد تحصل عليها من الأنشطة البديلة الأخرى هي الفائدة من البنك 1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"But this opportunity will no longer be there once you invest the money in your family business.","translation":"لكن هذه الفرصة لن تكون موجودة بعد الآن بمجرد استثمار الأموال في عملك العائلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The opportunity cost of investing the money in your family business is therefore the amount of forgone interest from the bank-1.","translation":"لذلك، فإن تكلفة الفرصة البديلة لاستثمار الأموال في عملك العائلي هي مقدار الفائدة المفقودة من البنك 1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A unit tax is a tax that the government imposes per unit sale of output.","translation":"الضريبة على الوحدة هي ضريبة تفرضها الحكومة لكل وحدة مباعة من الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Suppose that the unit tax imposed by the government is Rs 2.","translation":"لنفترض أن الضريبة على الوحدة التي تفرضها الحكومة هي 2 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Then, if the firm produces and sells 10 units of the good, the total tax that the firm must pay to the government is 10 × Rs 2 = Rs 20.","translation":"إذن، إذا أنتجت الشركة وباعت 10 وحدات من السلعة، فإن إجمالي الضريبة التي يجب على الشركة دفعها للحكومة هو 10 × 2 روبية = 20 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How does the long run supply curve of a firm change when a unit tax is imposed?","translation":"كيف يتغير منحنى العرض على المدى الطويل للشركة عند فرض ضريبة على الوحدة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Before the unit tax is imposed, LRMC 0 and LRAC 0 are, respectively, the long run marginal cost curve and the long run average cost curve of the firm.","translation":"قبل فرض الضريبة على الوحدة، يمثل LRMC 0 و LRAC 0، على التوالي، منحنى التكلفة الحدية على المدى الطويل ومنحنى التكلفة المتوسطة على المدى الطويل للشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Since the firm must pay an extra Rs t for each unit of the good produced, the firm’s long run average cost and long run marginal cost at any level of output increases by Rs t.","translation":"نظرًا لأنه يجب على الشركة دفع مبلغ إضافي قدره روبية ت لكل وحدة من السلعة المنتجة، فإن متوسط التكلفة على المدى الطويل والتكلفة الحدية على المدى الطويل للشركة عند أي مستوى إنتاج يزداد بمقدار روبية ت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In Figure 4.11, LRMC 1 and LRAC 1 are, respectively, the long run marginal cost curve and the long run average cost curve of the firm upon imposition of the unit tax.","translation":"في الشكل 4.11، يمثل LRMC 1 و LRAC 1، على التوالي، منحنى التكلفة الحدية على المدى الطويل ومنحنى التكلفة المتوسطة على المدى الطويل للشركة عند فرض الضريبة على الوحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The market supply curve shows the output levels that firms in the market produce in aggregate.","translation":"يوضح منحنى العرض في السوق مستويات الإنتاج التي تنتجها الشركات في السوق بشكل إجمالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How is the market supply curve derived?","translation":"كيف يتم اشتقاق منحنى العرض في السوق؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Consider a market with n firms: firm 1, firm 2, firm 3, and so on.","translation":"ضع في اعتبارك سوقًا به شركات ن: الشركة 1، الشركة 2، الشركة 3، وهكذا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Suppose the market price is fixed at p.","translation":"لنفترض أن سعر السوق ثابت عند p.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Then, the output produced by the n firms in aggregate is [supply of firm 1 at price p] + [supply of firm 2 at price p] + ... + [supply of firm n at price p].","translation":"إذن، فإن الإنتاج الذي تنتجه الشركات ن بشكل إجمالي هو [عرض الشركة 1 بالسعر p] + [عرض الشركة 2 بالسعر p] + ... + [عرض الشركة ن بالسعر p].","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Equilibrium price and quantity change due to shifts in demand and supply curves.","translation":"يتغير سعر وكمية التوازن بسبب التحولات في منحنيات الطلب والعرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The market supply curve shows how much of the commodity firms would wish to supply at different prices.","translation":"يوضح ��نحنى العرض في السوق مقدار السلعة التي ترغب الشركات في توريدها بأسعار مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The demand curve tells us how much of the commodity consumers would be willing to purchase at different prices.","translation":"يخبرنا منحنى الطلب عن مقدار السلعة التي يرغب المستهلكون في شرائها بأسعار مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Graphically, an equilibrium is a point where the market supply curve intersects the market demand curve.","translation":"بيانيًا، التوازن هو نقطة يتقاطع فيها منحنى العرض في السوق مع منحنى الطلب في السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At any other point, either there is excess supply or there is excess demand.","translation":"في أي نقطة أخرى، إما أن يكون هناك فائض في العرض أو فائض في الطلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If the prevailing price is p1, the market demand is q1 whereas the market supply is q'1.","translation":"إذا كان السعر السائد هو p1، فإن الطلب في السوق هو q1 بينما العرض في السوق هو q'1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Therefore, there is excess demand in the market equal to q'1 q1.","translation":"لذلك، هناك طلب زائد في السوق يساوي q'1 q1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Some consumers will be willing to pay more than p1.","translation":"سيكون بعض المستهلكين على استعداد لدفع أكثر من p1.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The market price would tend to increase.","translation":"سيميل سعر السوق إلى الزيادة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"All other things remaining the same as price rises, quantity demanded falls and quantity supplied increases.","translation":"مع بقاء جميع الأشياء الأخرى على حالها مع ارتفاع السعر، ينخفض ​​الكمية المطلوبة ويزداد الكمية المعروضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The market moves towards the point where the quantity that the firms want to sell is equal to the quantity that the consumers want to buy.","translation":"تتحرك السوق نحو النقطة التي تتساوى فيها الكمية التي تريد الشركات بيعها مع الكمية التي يريد المستهلكون شراءها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Similarly, if the prevailing price is p2, the market supply (q2) will exceed the market demand (q'2) at that price giving rise to excess supply equal to q'2 q2.","translation":"وبالمثل، إذا كان السعر السائد هو p2، فإن العرض في السوق (q2) سيتجاوز الطلب في السوق (q'2) عند هذا السعر مما يؤدي إلى فائض في العرض يساوي q'2 q2.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Some firms will not be then able to sell quantity they want to sell; so, they will lower their price.","translation":"لن تتمكن بعض الشركات بعد ذلك من بيع الكمية التي تريد بيعها؛ لذلك، سيخفضون أسعارهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Therefore, p* is the equilibrium price and the corresponding quantity q* is the equilibrium quantity.","translation":"لذلك، p* هو سعر التوازن والكمية المقابلة q* هي كمية التوازن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Let us consider the example of a market consisting of identical farms producing same quality of wheat.","translation":"دعنا نفكر في مثال لسوق يتكون من مزارع متطابقة تنتج نفس جودة القمح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Suppose the market demand curve and the market supply curve for wheat are given by: qD = 200 – p for 0 ≤ p ≤ 200 = 0 for p > 200 qS = 120 + p for p ≥ 10 = 0 for 0 ≤ p < 10","translation":"لنفترض أن منحنى الطلب في السوق ومنحنى العرض في السوق للقمح معطيان بالصيغة: qD = 200 – p for 0 ≤ p ≤ 200 = 0 for p > 200 qS = 120 + p for p ≥ 10 = 0 for 0 ≤ p < 10","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Since at equilibrium price market clears, we find the equilibrium price (denoted by p*) by equating market demand and supply and solve for p*.","translation":"نظرًا لأنه عند سعر التوازن يتم مسح السوق، فإننا نجد سعر التوازن (المشار إليه بـ p*) من خلال معادلة الطلب والعرض في السوق وحل المعادلة لـ p*.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Therefore, the equilibrium price of wheat is Rs 40 per kg.","translation":"لذلك، فإن سعر التوازن للقمح هو 40 روبية للكيلوغرام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The equilibrium quantity (denoted by q*) is obtained by substituting the equilibrium price into either the demand or the supply curve’s equation since in equilibrium quantity demanded and supplied are equal.","translation":"يتم الحصول على كمية التوازن (المشار إليها بـ q*) عن طريق استبدال سعر التوازن في معادلة منحنى الطلب أو العرض نظرًا لأن الكمية المطلوبة والمعروضة متساوية في حالة التوازن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"At a price less than p*, say p1 = 25 qD = 200 – 25 = 175 qS = 120 + 25 = 145","translation":"عند سعر أقل من p*، لنفترض p1 = 25 qD = 200 – 25 = 175 qS = 120 + 25 = 145","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Initially, the equilibrium is at E where the demand curve DD 0 and supply curve SS 0 intersect.","translation":"في البداية، يكون التوازن عند النقطة هـ حيث يتقاطع منحنى الطلب د د 0 ومنحنى العرض س س 0.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In panel (a), both the supply and the demand curves shift rightward leaving price unchanged but a higher equilibrium quantity.","translation":"في اللوحة (أ)، يتحرك كل من منحنيات العرض والطلب إلى اليمين، مما يترك السعر دون تغيير ولكن بكمية توازن أعلى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In panel (b), the supply curve shifts rightward and demand curve shifts leftward leaving quantity unchanged but a lower equilibrium price.","translation":"في اللوحة (ب)، يتحرك منحنى العرض إلى اليمين وينتقل منحنى الطلب إلى اليسار، مما يترك الكمية دون تغيير ولكن بسعر توازن أقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the Figure 5.4(a), it can be seen that due to rightward shifts in both demand and supply curves, the equilibrium quantity increases whereas the equilibrium price remains unchanged.","translation":"في الشكل 5.4 (أ)، يمكن ملاحظة أنه بسبب التحولات إلى اليمين في كل من منحنيات الطلب والعرض، تزداد كمية التوازن بينما يظل سعر التوازن دون تغيير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In Figure 5.4(b), equilibrium quantity remains the same whereas price decreases due to a leftward shift in demand curve and a rightward shift in supply curve.","translation":"في الشكل 5.4 (ب)، تظل كمية التوازن كما هي بينما ينخفض السعر بسبب التحول إلى اليسار في منحنى الطلب والتحول إلى اليمين في منحنى العرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In the last section, the market equilibrium was studied under the assumption that there is a fixed number of firms.","translation":"في القسم الأخير، تمت دراسة توازن السوق على افتراض وجود عدد ثابت من الشركات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In this section, we will study market equilibrium when firms can enter and exit the market freely.","translation":"في هذا القسم، سندرس توازن السوق عندما تتمكن الشركات من الدخول إلى السوق والخروج منه بحرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Here, for simplicity, we assume that all the firms in the market are identical.","translation":"هنا، من أجل التبسيط، نفترض أن جميع الشركات في السوق متطابقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What is the implication of the entry and exit assumption?","translation":"ما هو أثر افتراض الدخول والخروج؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This assumption implies that in equilibrium no firm earns supernormal profit or incurs loss by remaining in production.","translation":"يفترض هذا الافتراض أنه في حالة التوازن، لا تحقق أي شركة أرباحًا فوق العادية أو تتكبد خسائر من خلال البقاء في الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In other words, the equilibrium price will be equal to the minimum average cost of the firms.","translation":"بمعنى آخر، سيكون سعر التوازن مساوياً لمتوسط التكلفة الأدنى للشركات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"To see why it is so, suppose, at the prevailing market price, each firm is earning supernormal profit.","translation":"لمعرفة السبب، لنفترض أنه عند سعر السوق السائد، تحقق كل شركة أرباحًا فوق العادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The possibility of earning supernormal profit will attract some new firms.","translation":"إن إمكانية تحقيق أرباح فوق العادية ستجذب بعض الشركات الجديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As new firms enter the market supply curve shifts rightward.","translation":"مع دخول شركات جديدة إلى السوق، يتحول منحنى العرض إلى اليمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"However, demand remains unchanged.","translation":"ومع ذلك، يظل الطلب دون تغيير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This causes market price to fall.","translation":"هذا يتسبب في انخفاض سعر السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"As prices fall, supernormal profits are eventually wiped out.","translation":"مع انخفاض الأسعار، يتم القضاء في النهاية على الأرباح فوق العادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At this point, with all firms in the market earning normal profit, no more firms will have incentive to enter.","translation":"في هذه المرحلة، مع تحقيق جميع الشركات في السوق أرباحًا عادية، لن يكون لدى المزيد من الشركات حافز للدخول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Similarly, if the firms are earning less than normal profit at the prevailing price, some firms will exit which will lead to an increase in price.","translation":"وبالمثل، إذا كانت الشركات تحقق أرباحًا أقل من الأرباح العادية بالسعر السائد، فستخرج بعض الشركات مما سيؤدي إلى زيادة في السعر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"At this point, no more firm will want to leave since they will be earning normal profit here.","translation":"في هذه المرحلة، لن ترغب أي شركة في المغادرة لأنها ستحقق أرباحًا عادية هنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Law of demand If a consumer’s demand for a good moves in the same direction as the consumer’s income, the consumer’s demand for that good must be inversely related to the price of the good.","translation":"قانون الطلب: إذا تحرك طلب المستهلك على سلعة ما في نفس اتجاه دخل المستهلك، فيجب أن يكون طلب المستهلك على تلك السلعة مرتبطًا عكسيًا بسعر السلعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Marginal cost Change in total cost per unit of change in output.","translation":"التكلفة الحدية: التغير في التكلفة الإجمالية لكل وحدة تغير في الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Marginal product Change in output per unit of change in the input when all other inputs are held constant.","translation":"المنتج الحدي: التغير في الإنتاج لكل وحدة تغير في المدخلات عندما يتم تثبيت جميع المدخلات الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Monopolistic competition is a market structure where there exit a very large number of sellers selling differentiated but substitutable products.","translation":"المنافسة الاحتكارية هي هيكل سوق يوجد فيه عدد كبير جدًا من البائعين الذين يبيعون منتجات متباينة ولكن قابلة للاستبدال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Monopoly A market structure in which there is a single seller and there are sufficient restrictions to prevent any other seller from entering the market.","translation":"الاحتكار: هيكل سوق يوجد فيه بائع واحد وهناك قيود كافية لمنع أي بائع آخر من دخول السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Normal good A good for which the demand increases with increase in the income of the consumer is called a normal good.","translation":"السلعة العادية: السلعة التي يزداد عليها الطلب مع زيادة دخل المستهلك تسمى سلعة عادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Oligopoly A market consisting of more than one (but few) sellers is called a oligopoly.","translation":"احتكار القلة: السوق الذي يتكون من أكثر من بائع واحد (ولكن قليل) يسمى احتكار القلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Perfect competition A market environment wherein (i) all firms in the market produce the same good and (ii) buyers and sellers are price-takers.","translation":"المنافسة الكاملة: بيئة سوق (1) تنتج فيها جميع الشركات في السوق نفس السلعة و (2) يكون فيها المشترون والبائعون آخذين للأسعار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Price ceiling The government-imposed upper limit on the price of a good or service is called price ceiling.","translation":"الحد الأقصى للسعر: الحد الأعلى الذي تفرضه الحكومة على سعر سلعة أو خدمة يسمى الحد الأقصى للسعر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Price elasticity of demand for a good is defined as the percentage change in demand for the good divided by the percentage change in its price.","translation":"مرونة سعر الطلب على سلعة ما تُعرَّف بأنها النسبة المئوية للتغير في الطلب على السلعة مقسومة على النسبة المئوية للتغير في سعرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Price floor The government-imposed lower limit on the price that may be charged for a particular good or service is called price floor.","translation":"الحد الأدنى للسعر: الحد الأدنى الذي تفرضه الحكومة على السعر الذي يمكن فرضه على سلعة أو خدمة معينة يسمى الحد الأدنى للسعر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Production function shows the maximum quantity of output that can be produced by using different combinations of the inputs.","translation":"دالة الإنتاج: تُظهر الكمية القصوى من الإنتاج التي يمكن إنتاجها باستخدام مجموعات مختلفة من المدخلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Profit is the difference between a firm’s total revenue and its total cost of production.","translation":"الربح هو الفرق بين إجمالي إيرادات الشركة وتكلفة الإنتاج الإجمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Short run refers to a time period in which some factors of production cannot be varied.","translation":"الأجل القصير يشير إلى فترة زمنية لا يمكن فيها تغيير بعض عوامل الإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Substitution effect The change in the optimal quantity of a good when its price changes and the consumer’s income is adjusted so that she can just buy the bundle that she was buying before the price change is called the substitution effect.","translation":"تأثير الإحلال: التغير في الكمية المثلى لسلعة ما عندما يتغير سعرها ويتم تعديل دخل المستهلك بحيث يمكنها فقط شراء الحزمة التي كانت تشتريها قبل تغير السعر يسمى تأثير الإحلال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Total cost is the sum of total fixed cost and total variable cost.","translation":"التكلفة الإجمالية هي مجموع التكلفة الثابتة الإجمالية والتكلفة المتغيرة الإجمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Total fixed cost The cost that a firm incurs to employ fixed inputs is called the total fixed cost.","translation":"التكلفة الثابتة الإجمالية: التكلفة التي تتكبدها الشركة لتوظيف المدخلات الثابتة تسمى التكلفة الثابتة الإجمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Total revenue is equal to the market price of the good multiplied by the quantity of the good sold by a firm.","translation":"الإيرادات الإجمالية تساوي سعر السوق للسلعة مضروبًا في كمية السلعة التي تبيعها الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Total variable cost The cost that a firm incurs to employ variable inputs is called the total variable cost.","translation":"التكلفة المتغيرة الإجمالية: التكلفة التي تتكبدها الشركة لتوظيف المدخلات المتغيرة تسمى التكلفة المتغيرة الإجمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Variable input An input the amount of which can be varied.","translation":"المدخلات المتغيرة: مدخلات يمكن تغيير كميتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}

ar/English - Beehive- IX_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,180 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"The book is a textbook in English for Class IX.","translation":"الكتاب هو كتاب مدرسي باللغة الإنجليزية للصف التاسع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training published the book.","translation":"نشر الكتاب المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book was first published in February 2006.","translation":"نُشر الكتاب لأول مرة في فبراير 2006.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book has been reprinted several times.","translation":"أعيد طبع الكتاب عدة مرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The revised edition was published in November 2022.","translation":"نُشرت الطبعة المنقحة في نوفمبر 2022.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book is sold for 85.00 rupees.","translation":"يباع الكتاب بسعر 85.00 روبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book is printed on 80 GSM paper.","translation":"الكتاب مطبوع على ورق 80 جرام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The publisher is the Publication Division of NCERT.","translation":"الناشر هو قسم النشر التابع للمجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book aims to link children's life at school to their life outside the school.","translation":"يهدف الكتاب إلى ربط حياة الأطفال في المدرسة بحياتهم خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The curriculum discourages rote learning.","translation":"المنهج يثبط الحفظ عن ظهر قلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook attempts to discourage rote learning.","translation":"يحاول الكتاب المدرسي تثبيط الحفظ عن ظهر قلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Children generate new knowledge by engaging with information.","translation":"ينشئ الأطفال معرفة جديدة من خلال التعامل مع المعلومات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook is not the sole basis of examination.","translation":"الكتاب المدرسي ليس الأساس الوحيد للامتحان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Creativity and initiative are encouraged.","translation":"يتم تشجيع الإبداع والمبادرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book provides opportunities for contemplation and discussion.","translation":"يوفر الكتاب فرصًا للتأمل والمناقشة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The NCERT appreciates the hard work of the textbook development committee.","translation":"يقدر المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي العمل الشاق الذي قامت به لجنة تطوير الكتب المدرسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The National Curriculum Framework (NCF), 2005, recommends that children’s life at school must be linked to their life outside the school.","translation":"يوصي الإطار الوطني للمناهج (NCF) لعام 2005 بربط حياة الأطفال في المدرسة بحياتهم خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The success of this effort depends on the steps that school principals and teachers will take.","translation":"يعتمد نجاح هذا الجهد على الخطوات التي سيتخذها مدراء المدارس والمعلمون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The textbook attempts to enhance this endeavour by giving higher priority and space to opportunities for contemplation and wondering, discussion in small groups, and activities requiring hands-on experience.","translation":"يحاول الكتاب المدرسي تعزيز هذا المسعى من خلال إعطاء أولوية ومساحة أكبر لفرص التأمل والتساؤل والمناقشة في مجموعات صغيرة والأنشطة التي تتطلب خبرة عملية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In view of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to reduce content load on students.","translation":"في ضوء جائحة كوفيد-19، من الضروري تقليل عبء المحتوى على الطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The teacher took Tommy's teacher away for nearly a month.","translation":"أخذ المعلم معلم تومي بعيدًا لمدة شهر تقريبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Margie was hurt.","translation":"تأذت مارجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He added loftily, pronouncing the word carefully, “Centuries ago.”","translation":"أضاف بزهو، ونطق الكلمة بعناية، \"منذ قرون\".","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“Sure they had a teacher, but it wasn’t a regular teacher. It was a man.”","translation":"بالتأكيد كان لديهم معلم، لكنه لم يكن معلمًا عاديًا. كان رجلاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“A man? How could a man be a teacher?”","translation":"رجل؟ كيف يمكن لرجل أن يكون معلمًا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“Well, he just told the boys and girls things and gave them homework and asked them questions.”","translation":"حسنًا، لقد أخبر الأولاد والبنات بالأشياء وأعطاهم واجبات منزلية وطرح عليهم أسئلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“A man isn’t smart enough.”","translation":"الرجل ليس ذكيًا بما فيه الكفاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“Sure he is. My father knows as much as my teacher.”","translation":"بالتأكيد هو كذلك. أبي يعرف بقدر ما يعرف معلمي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“He knows almost as much, I betcha.”","translation":"إنه يعرف تقريبًا بقدر ما يعرف، أراهن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Margie wasn’t prepared to dispute that.","translation":"لم تكن مارجي مستعدة للجدال في ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She said, “I wouldn’t want a strange man in my house to teach me.”","translation":"قالت، \"لا أريد رجلاً غريبًا في منزلي لتعليمي.\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tommy screamed with laughter.","translation":"صرخ تومي ضاحكًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“You don’t know much, Margie. The teachers didn’t live in the house. They had a special building and all the kids went there.”","translation":"أنت لا تعرفين الكثير يا مارجي. المعلمون لم يعيشوا في المنزل. كان لديهم مبنى خاص وذهب جميع الأطفال إلى هناك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"“And all the kids learned the same thing?”","translation":"وهل تعلم جميع الأطفال نفس الشيء؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“Sure, if they were the same age.”","translation":"بالتأكيد، إذا كانوا في نفس العمر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“But my mother says a teacher has to be adjusted to fit the mind of each boy and girl it teaches and that each kid has to be taught differently.”","translation":"لكن أمي تقول إن المعلم يجب أن يتكيف مع عقل كل صبي وفتاة يعلمها وأن كل طفل يجب أن يتعلم بشكل مختلف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"“Just the same they didn’t do it that way then. If you don’t like it, you don’t have to read the book.”","translation":"على أي حال، لم يفعلوا ذلك بهذه الطريقة. إذا كنت لا تحب ذلك، فلا يجب عليك قراءة الكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She wanted to read about those funny schools.","translation":"أرادت أن تقرأ عن تلك المدارس المضحكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They weren’t even half finished when Margie’s mother called, “Margie! School!”","translation":"لم ينتهوا حتى من النصف عندما نادت والدة مارجي، \"مارجي! المدرسة!\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Margie looked up. “Not yet, Mamma.”","translation":"نظرت مارجي إلى الأعلى. \"ليس بعد، ماما.\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She had torn up all his beautiful writing...","translation":"لقد مزقت كل كتاباته الجميلة...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“What’s the matter?” asked her father.","translation":"سأل والدها: \"ما الأمر؟\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I can hear it going. What a big heart you’ve got, Father dear.","translation":"أستطيع أن أسمعه ينبض. يا له من قلب كبير لديك يا أبي العزيز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"KATHERINE MANSFIELD tucked up: covered up nicely in bed snuggled: moved into a warm, comfortable position, close to another person","translation":"كاثرين مانسفيلد: مُغطاة بشكل جيد في السرير، مُتَضَامَّة: انتقلت إلى وضع دافئ ومريح، بالقرب من شخص آخر","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why was Kezia afraid of her father?","translation":"لماذا كانت كيزيا خائفة من أبيها؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Who were the people in Kezia’s family?","translation":"من هم الأشخاص في عائلة كيزيا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What was Kezia’s father’s routine (i)before going to his office? (ii)after coming back from his office? (iii)on Sundays?","translation":"ما هو روتين والد كيزيا (أ) قبل الذهاب إلى مكتبه؟ (ب) بعد العودة من مكتبه؟ (ج) في أيام الأحد؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In what ways did Kezia’s grandmother encourage her to get to know her father better?","translation":"بأي طرق شجعت جدة كيزيا حفيدتها على التعرف على والدها بشكل أفضل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Kezia’s efforts to please her father resulted in displeasing him very much. How did this happen?","translation":"أدت جهود كيزيا لإرضاء والدها إلى إزعاجه بشدة. كيف حدث هذا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Kezia decides that there are “different kinds of fathers”. What kind of father was Mr Macdonald, and how was he different from Kezia’s father?","translation":"تقرر كيزيا أن هناك \"أنواعًا مختلفة من الآباء\". أي نوع من الآباء كان السيد ماكدونالد، وكيف اختلف عن والد كيزيا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"How does Kezia begin to see her father as a human being who needs her sympathy?","translation":"كيف بدأت كيزيا في رؤية والدها كإنسان يحتاج إلى تعاطفها؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There was a glad sense of relief when she heard the noise of the carriage growing fainter...","translation":"كان هناك شعور بالسعادة بالارتياح عندما سمعت ضجيج العربة يضعف...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She was by the news of her brother’s wedding. (very pleased)","translation":"كانت [مسرورة] بأخبار زفاف أخيها. (مسرورة جدًا)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I was to be invited to the party. (extremely pleased and excited about)","translation":"كنت [متحمسًا] لدعوتي إلى الحفل. (مسرورًا ومتحمسًا للغاية)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She was at the birth of her granddaughter. (extremely happy)","translation":"كانت [مبتهجة] بميلاد حفيدتها. (سعيدة للغاية)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The coach was with his performance. (satisfied about)","translation":"كان المدرب [راضياً] عن أدائه. (راضٍ عن)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She was very with her results. (happy about something that has happened)","translation":"كانت [سعيدة] جدًا بنتائجها. (سعيدة بشيء حدث)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You are a big girl now. older","translation":"أنت فتاة كبيرة الآن. أكبر","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Today you are going to take the biggest decision of your career.","translation":"اليوم ستتخذ أكبر قرار في حياتك المهنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What a big heart you’ve got, Father dear.","translation":"يا له من قلب كبير لديك يا أبي العزيز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Einstein attends a high school in Munich.","translation":"التحق أينشتاين بمدرسة ثانوية في ميونيخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What did Einstein call his desk drawer at the patent office? Why?","translation":"ماذا أطلق أينشتاين على درج مكتبه في مكتب براءات الاختراع؟ لماذا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Einstein writes a letter to U. S. President, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and warns against Germany’s building of an atomic bomb.","translation":"يكتب أينشتاين رسالة إلى الرئيس الأمريكي فرانكلين دي روزفلت ويحذر من بناء ألمانيا لقنبلة ذرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The newspapers proclaimed his work as “a scientific revolution.”","translation":"أعلنت الصحف عن عمله بأنه \"ثورة علمية\".","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Einstein got ever more involved in politics, agitating for an end to the arms buildup.","translation":"انخرط أينشتاين بشكل متزايد في السياسة، وحرض على إنهاء التسلح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At the age of 15, Einstein felt so stifled that he left the school for good.","translation":"في سن الخامسة عشرة، شعر أينشتاين بالاختناق لدرجة أنه ترك المدرسة إلى الأبد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Student Unearths Einstein Manuscript 21 AUGUST 2005. An original handwritten Albert Einstein manuscript has been unearthed at a university in the Netherlands...","translation":"يكشف طالب عن مخطوطة أينشتاين 21 أغسطس 2005. تم العثور على مخطوطة أصلية بخط اليد لألبرت أينشتاين في جامعة في هولندا...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Chaplin turned to his guest and explained: “The people are applauding you because none of them understands you and applauding me because everybody understands me.”","translation":"التفت تشابلن إلى ضيفه وشرح: \"الناس يصفقون لك لأن أحداً منهم لا يفهمك ويصفقون لي لأن الجميع يفهمني.\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"One of Einstein’s colleagues asked him for his telephone number one day.","translation":"سأله أحد زملائه عن رقم هاتفه ذات يوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree, And a small cabin build there, of clay and wattles made:","translation":"سأنهض وأذهب الآن، وأذهب إلى إينيسفري، وأبني هناك كابينة صغيرة، من الطين والعصي:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"poetry","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Health is the greatest gift, contentment the greatest wealth, faithfulness the best relationship.","translation":"الصحة هي أعظم هبة، والرضا هو أعظم ثروة، والإخلاص هو أفضل علاقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Have you ever seen a dog, a cat or a bird look into a mirror? What do you think it sees?","translation":"هل رأيت كلبًا أو قطة أو طائرًا ينظر في المرآة؟ ماذا تعتقد أنه يرى؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The snake’s landing on me and my turning were simultaneous.","translation":"كان هبوط الثعبان عليّ وانعطافي متزامنين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I was suddenly a man of flesh and blood.","translation":"كنت فجأة رجلاً من لحم ودم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The doctor replied, “I ran and ran till I reached a friend’s house.","translation":"أجاب الطبيب: \"ركضت وركضت حتى وصلت إلى منزل صديق.\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What makes it humorous? (Think of the contrasts it presents between dreams and reality. Some of them are listed below.)","translation":"ما الذي يجعله فكاهيًا؟ (فكر في التناقضات التي يقدمها بين الأحلام والواقع. بعضها مذكور أدناه.)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I was turned to stone.","translation":"تحولت إلى حجر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Indian cobra is the common name for members of the family of venomous snakes, known for their intimidating looks and deadly bite.","translation":"الكوبرا الهندية هو الاسم الشائع لأفراد عائلة الثعابين السامة، والمعروفة بمظهرها المخيف ولدغتها القاتلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The hoods are created by the extension of the ribs behind the cobras’ heads.","translation":"يتم إنشاء القلنسوات عن طريق تمديد الأضلاع خلف رؤوس الكوبرا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nearly all snakebites in humans are the","translation":"تقريبًا جميع لدغات الثعابين في البشر هي","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Soon Bismillah started accompanying his uncle, Ali Bux, to the Vishnu temple of Benaras where Bux was employed to play the shehnai.","translation":"سرعان ما بدأ بسم الله في مرافقة عمه علي بوكس إلى معبد فيشنو في بنارس حيث كان بوكس يعمل في عزف الشاهناي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ali Bux would play the shehnai and Bismillah would sit captivated for hours on end.","translation":"كان علي بوكس يعزف الشاهناي، وكان بسم الله يجلس مفتونًا لساعات متتالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Slowly, he started getting lessons in playing the instrument and would sit practising throughout the day.","translation":"ببطء، بدأ في تلقي دروس في العزف على الآلة الموسيقية وكان يجلس يتدرب طوال اليوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For years to come the temple of Balaji and Mangala Maiya and the banks of the Ganga became the young apprentice’s favourite haunts where he could practise in solitude.","translation":"لسنوات قادمة، أصبح معبد بالاجي ومانجالا مايا وضفاف نهر الغانج أماكن مفضلة للمتدرب الشاب حيث يمكنه التدرب في عزلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The flowing waters of the Ganga inspired him to improvise and invent raagas that were earlier considered to be beyond the range of the shehnai.","translation":"ألهمته المياه المتدفقة لنهر الغانج أن يرتجل ويخترع راجات كانت تعتبر في السابق خارج نطاق الشاهناي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"At the age of 14, Bismillah accompanied his uncle to the Allahabad Music Conference.","translation":"في سن الرابعة عشرة، رافق بسم الله عمه إلى مؤتمر الموسيقى في الله أباد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"At the end of his recital, Ustad Faiyaz Khan patted the young boy’s back and said, “Work hard and you shall make it.”","translation":"في نهاية عرضه، ربّت الأستاذ فياض خان على ظهر الصبي الصغير وقال، \"اعمل بجد وستنجح.\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"With the opening of the All India Radio in Lucknow in 1938 came Bismillah’s big break.","translation":"مع افتتاح إذاعة عموم الهند في لكناو عام 1938، جاءت انطلاقة بسم الله الكبيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He soon became an often-heard shehnai player on radio.","translation":"سرعان ما أصبح عازف شاهناي مسموعًا على الراديو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"When India gained independence on 15 August 1947, Bismillah Khan became the first Indian to greet the nation with his shehnai.","translation":"عندما حصلت الهند على استقلالها في 15 أغسطس 1947، أصبح بسم الله خان أول هندي يحيي الأمة بشاهنايه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He poured his heart out into Raag Kafi from the Red Fort to an audience which included Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, who later gave his famous ‘Tryst with Destiny’ speech.","translation":"سكب قلبه في راج كافي من القلعة الحمراء لجمهور ضم البانديت جواهر لال نهرو، الذي ألقى فيما بعد خطابه الشهير \"موعد مع القدر\".","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Bismillah Khan has given many memorable performances both in India and abroad.","translation":"قدم بسم الله خان العديد من العروض التي لا تُنسى في الهند والخارج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"His first trip abroad was to Afghanistan where King Zahir Shah was so taken in by the maestro that he gifted him priceless Persian carpets and other souvenirs.","translation":"كانت رحلته الأولى إلى الخارج إلى أفغانستان حيث أعجب الملك ظاهر شاه بالمايسترو لدرجة أنه أهداه سجادًا فارسيًا لا يقدر بثمن وهدايا تذكارية أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The King of Afghanistan was not the only one to be fascinated with Bismillah’s music.","translation":"لم يكن ملك أفغانستان الوحيد الذي افتتن بموسيقى بسم الله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Film director Vijay Bhatt was so impressed after hearing Bismillah play at a festival that he named a film after the instrument called Gunj Uthi Shehnai.","translation":"أُعجب المخرج فيجاي بهات كثيرًا بعد سماع بسم الله يعزف في مهرجان لدرجة أنه أطلق على فيلم اسم الآلة الموسيقية، Gunj Uthi Shehnai.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The film was a hit, and one of Bismillah Khan’s compositions, “Dil ka khilona hai toot gaya...,” turned out to be a nationwide chartbuster!","translation":"كان الفيلم ناجحًا، وأصبح أحد مؤلفات بسم الله خان، \"Dil ka khilona hai toot gaya...\"، من أفضل الأغاني على مستوى البلاد!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Despite this huge success in the celluloid world, Bismillah Khan’s ventures in film music were limited to two: Vijay Bhatt’s Gunj Uthi Shehnai and Vikram Srinivas’s Kannada venture, Sanadhi Apanna.","translation":"على الرغم من هذا النجاح الهائل في عالم السينما، اقتصرت مشاريع بسم الله خان في موسيقى الأفلام على اثنين: Gunj Uthi Shehnai لفيجاي بهات ومشروع فيكرام سرينيفاس الكانادي، Sanadhi Apanna.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"“I just can’t come to terms with the artificiality and glamour of the film world,” he says with emphasis.","translation":"يقول بتأكيد: \"لا يمكنني ببساطة أن أتأقلم مع الاصطناع والسحر في عالم السينما\".","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Awards and recognition came thick and fast.","translation":"جاءت الجوائز والتقدير بسرعة وبكثرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Bismillah Khan became the first Indian to be invited to perform at the prestigious Lincoln Centre Hall in the United States of America.","translation":"أصبح بسم الله خان أول هندي تتم دعوته للعزف في قاعة مركز لينكولن المرموق في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"My destiny was changed.","translation":"تغير مصيري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I knew my future had to be about flight and flight systems.","translation":"كنت أعرف أن مستقبلي يجب أن يكون حول الطيران وأنظمة الطيران.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Find out what other people think about it.","translation":"اكتشف ما يعتقده الآخرون حول هذا الموضوع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Career Building Is the Only Goal of Education.","translation":"بناء الحياة المهنية هو الهدف الوحيد للتعليم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Getting a Good Job Is More Important than Being a Good Human Being.","translation":"الحصول على وظيفة جيدة أكثر أهمية من أن تكون إنسانًا جيدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I think that ...","translation":"أعتقد أن ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In my opinion ...","translation":"في رأيي ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It seems to me that ...","translation":"يبدو لي أن ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"As far as I know ...","translation":"على حد علمي ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What do you think about ...","translation":"ما رأيك في ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What is your opinion about ...","translation":"ما هو رأيك في ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Think and write a short account of what life in Rameswaram in the 1940s must have been like.","translation":"فكر واكتب وصفًا موجزًا ​​لكيف كانت الحياة في راميسوارام في الأربعينيات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do your little bit of good where you are; it’s those little bits of good put together that overwhelm the world.","translation":"افعل الخير القليل الذي يمكنك فعله حيث أنت؛ إنها تلك الأجزاء الصغيرة من الخير التي تجتمع لتغمر العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Have you ever thought of some people as strange, or other countries as ‘foreign’?","translation":"هل فكرت يومًا في أن بعض الناس غرباء، أو أن دولًا أخرى 'أجنبية'؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Remember, no men are strange, no countries foreign","translation":"تذكر، لا يوجد رجال غرباء، ولا توجد دول أجنبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Beneath all uniforms, a single body breathes","translation":"تحت كل الزي الرسمي، يتنفس جسد واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Let us remember, whenever we are told To hate our brothers, it is ourselves That we shall dispossess, betray, condemn.","translation":"دعونا نتذكر، متى ما قيل لنا أن نكره إخوتنا، فإننا نحن من سننزع الملكية، ونخون، وندين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"I am a citizen, not of Athens or Greece, but of the world.","translation":"أنا مواطن، لست من أثينا أو اليونان، بل من العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This unit has two biographical pieces that depict persistent endeavours to reach the top.","translation":"تحتوي هذه الوحدة على قطعتين سيرتين تصوران مساعي مستمرة للوصول إلى القمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A speech is a formal use of spoken language.","translation":"الخطاب هو استخدام رسمي للغة المنطوقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The snake's defensive behavior is a result of feeling threatened.","translation":"سلوك الأفعى الدفاعي هو نتيجة شعورها بالتهديد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Snakes are generally shy creatures and will usually retreat if given a chance.","translation":"الأفاعي كائنات خجولة بشكل عام وستتراجع عادة إذا أُعطيت فرصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Rewriting the story without humor, the incident becomes a frightening event.","translation":"إعادة كتابة القصة بدون فكاهة، تصبح الحادثة حدثًا مخيفًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The monkey in the Delhi ridge is preening itself in front of a mirror.","translation":"القرد في تل دلهي يتباهى بنفسه أمام المرآة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Preening oneself means spending a lot of time making oneself look attractive.","translation":"التباهي بالنفس يعني قضاء الكثير من الوقت في جعل المرء يبدو جذابًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The translator must keep the content intact when translating a story.","translation":"يجب على المترجم أن يحافظ على المحتوى سليمًا عند ترجمة قصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The language and style of translations can differ significantly.","translation":"يمكن أن تختلف لغة وأسلوب الترجمات بشكل كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Compare the two translations based on tense and sentence structure.","translation":"قارن الترجمتين بناءً على الزمن وبنية الجملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I was in the kitchen cooking spaghetti when the woman called.","translation":"كنت في المطبخ أطبخ السباغيتي عندما اتصلت المرأة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The spaghetti was almost done, and I was whistling a tune.","translation":"كان السباغيتي على وشك الانتهاء، وكنت أصفر لحنًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The phone rang, but I wanted to ignore it.","translation":"رن الهاتف، لكنني أردت تجاهله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The poem tells the legend of an old lady and Saint Peter.","translation":"القصيدة تحكي أسطورة سيدة عجوز والقديس بطرس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Northland has few daylight hours in winter.","translation":"أرض الشمال لديها ساعات قليلة من النهار في الشتاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The children in the Northland look like bear cubs.","translation":"الأطفال في أرض الشمال يشبهون أشبال الدببة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Saint Peter asked the old lady for a cake.","translation":"طلب القديس بطرس من السيدة العجوز كعكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The old lady was too greedy to share her cakes.","translation":"كانت السيدة العجوز جشعة جدًا لتقاسم كعكاتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Saint Peter punished the old lady for her selfishness.","translation":"عاقب القديس بطرس السيدة العجوز على أنانيتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The woodpecker gets its food by boring into wood.","translation":"يحصل نقار الخشب على طعامه عن طريق الحفر في الخشب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A ballad is a song that tells a story in short stanzas.","translation":"القصيدة هي أغنية تحكي قصة في مقاطع قصيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was the eleventh President of India.","translation":"كان عبد الكلام الرئيس الحادي عشر للهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Just throw it away.","translation":"فقط تخلص منه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He gave the little girl an apple.","translation":"أعطى الفتى الصغيرة تفاحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He took the computer apart.","translation":"قام بتفكيك الكمبيوتر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You have nothing. That makes you very determined.","translation":"ليس لديك شيء. هذا يجعلك مصمماً جداً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I never thought of quitting. I knew what I wanted.","translation":"لم أفكر أبداً في الاستسلام. كنت أعرف ما أريد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The priest noticed a boy in the group wearing a raincoat.","translation":"لاحظ الكاهن صبياً في المجموعة يرتدي معطفاً واقياً من المطر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“Have you gone mad?” he asked.","translation":"سأل: \"هل جننت؟\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It hasn’t rained in this region for five years, the heat will kill you climbing the mountain.","translation":"لم تمطر في هذه المنطقة منذ خمس سنوات، الحرارة ستقتلك وأنت تتسلق الجبل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"I have a cold, father. If we are going to ask God for rain, can you imagine the way back from the mountain?","translation":"أنا مصاب بالبرد يا أبي. إذا كنا سنطلب من الله المطر، فهل يمكنك أن تتخيل طريق العودة من الجبل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It’s going to be such a downpour that I need to be prepared.","translation":"سيكون هطولاً غزيراً للأمطار لدرجة أنني بحاجة إلى أن أكون مستعداً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At that moment a great crash was heard in the sky and the first drops began to fall.","translation":"في تلك اللحظة سُمع دوي عظيم في السماء وبدأت القطرات الأولى تتساقط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A boy’s faith was enough to bring about a miracle that not even those most prepared truly believed in.","translation":"كان إيمان الصبي كافياً لإحداث معجزة لم يصدق بها حتى الأكثر استعداداً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Prepare a short speech to motivate the girls to think and dream big and make an effort to fulfil their dreams, not allowing difficulties or defeat to discourage them.","translation":"أعدي كلمة قصيرة لتحفيز الفتيات على التفكير والحلم بأحلام كبيرة وبذل جهد لتحقيق أحلامهن، وعدم السماح للصعوبات أو الهزيمة بإحباطهن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Write a short article for your school magazine comparing and contrasting the players in terms of their duration at the top.","translation":"اكتب مقالاً قصيراً لمجلة مدرستك يقارن بين اللاعبات ويقارن بينهن من حيث مدة بقائهن في القمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mention some qualities that you think may be responsible for their brief or long stay at the top spot.","translation":"اذكر بعض الصفات التي تعتقد أنها قد تكون مسؤولة عن بقائهن القصير أو الطويل في المركز الأول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Can a “simple jab of the knife” kill a tree? Why not?","translation":"هل يمكن لـ \"طعنة بسيطة بالسكين\" أن تقتل شجرة؟ لماذا لا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How has the tree grown to its full size?","translation":"كيف نمت الشجرة إلى حجمها الكامل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What is the meaning of “bleeding bark”?","translation":"ما معنى \"اللحاء النازف\"؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What finally kills the tree?","translation":"ما الذي يقتل الشجرة في النهاية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Do you like travelling?","translation":"هل تحب السفر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why, this is a surprise, Mr— er—","translation":"يا لها من مفاجأة، سيد— أم—","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Put those paws up!","translation":"ارفع يديك!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Trying to be calm and —e r—","translation":"تحاول أن تكون هادئًا و—إيه—","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"‘Nonchalant’ is your word, I think.","translation":"أعتقد أن كلمة 'غير مبال' هي كلمتك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I’ll make you crawl.","translation":"سأجعلك تزحف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I know all the answers.","translation":"أعرف كل الإجابات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Sit down there, and no funny business.","translation":"اجلس هناك، ولا مزاح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"At last a sympathetic audience!","translation":"أخيرًا جمهور متعاطف!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Keep it to yourself, and just answer my questions.","translation":"احتفظ بها لنفسك، وأجب على أسئلتي فقط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A question of inflection; your voice is unfamiliar.","translation":"مسألة نبرة؛ صوتك غير مألوف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"You’ve got enough sense not to want to get hurt.","translation":"لديك ما يكفي من الحس السليم لعدم الرغبة في الأذى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I think good sense is shown more in the ability to avoid pain than in the mere desire to do so.","translation":"أعتقد أن الحس السليم يظهر أكثر في القدرة على تجنب الألم أكثر من مجرد الرغبة في ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Are you American, or is that merely a clever imitation?","translation":"هل أنت أمريكي، أم أن هذا مجرد تقليد ذكي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Listen, this gun’s no toy.","translation":"استمع، هذه البندقية ليست لعبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I do possess a car, and it’s in the garage round the corner.","translation":"أنا أمتلك سيارة، وهي في المرآب الموجود في الزاوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You seem to have taken a considerable amount of trouble.","translation":"يبدو أنك أخذت قدرًا كبيرًا من المتاعب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I’ve got brains and I use them.","translation":"لدي عقل وأنا أستخدمه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It didn’t require a great brain to break into my little cottage.","translation":"لم يتطلب الأمر عقلًا عظيمًا لاقتحام كوخي الصغير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"My speciality’s jewel robbery.","translation":"تخصصي هو سرقة المجوهرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"You mean to live with me?","translation":"هل تعني أن تعيش معي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}

ar/English - Honeycomb-VII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,140 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Gopal told the king (iv)I want to see the king.","translation":"قال جوبال للملك (رابعًا): أريد أن أرى الملك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Gopal told the guards (v)Bring the man to me at once.","translation":"قال جوبال للحراس (خامسًا): أحضروا الرجل إليّ فورًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The king ordered the guard 2.","translation":"أمر الملك الحارس 2.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Find out the meaning of the following words by looking them up in the dictionary.","translation":"اكتشف معنى الكلمات التالية بالبحث عنها في القاموس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Then use them in sentences of your own.","translation":"ثم استخدمها في جمل من عندك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Look at the pictures and read the text aloud.","translation":"انظر إلى الصور واقرأ النص بصوت عالٍ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How beautiful my horns are!","translation":"ما أجمل قروني!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"But my legs are so thin and ugly!","translation":"لكن ساقي نحيلة وقبيحة جدًا!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Run for your life!","translation":"اهرب لإنقاذ حياتك!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I was proud of my horns.","translation":"كنت فخورًا بقروني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They could have caused my death.","translation":"كان من الممكن أن تسبب موتي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I was ashamed of my legs.","translation":"كنت أشعر بالخجل من ساقي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They saved me.","translation":"لقد أنقذوني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Let me hide somewhere.","translation":"دعني أختبئ في مكان ما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These branches... Oh, no ! They are too close.","translation":"هذه الفروع... يا لا! إنها قريبة جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Get out of here!","translation":"اخرج من هنا!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Now ask your partner questions about each picture.","translation":"الآن اطرح على شريكك أسئلة حول كل صورة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Is he able to hide in the bushes?","translation":"هل هو قادر على الاختباء في الأدغال؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Now write the story in your own words. Give it a title.","translation":"الآن اكتب القصة بكلماتك الخاصة. أعطها عنوانًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Complete the following word ladder with the help of the clues given below.","translation":"أكمل سلم الكلمات التالي بمساعدة القرائن المذكورة أدناه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Ask my brother, please.","translation":"من فضلك، اسأل أخي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Speak to five adults in your neighbourhood.","translation":"تحدث إلى خمسة بالغين في حيّك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ask them the following questions (in any language they are comfortable in).","translation":"اطرح عليهم الأسئلة التالية (بأي لغة يشعرون بالراحة فيها).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Then come back and share your findings with the class.","translation":"ثم عد وشارك نتائجك مع الفصل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"(i)Do they buy their provisions packed in plastic packets at a big store, or loose, from a smaller store near their house?","translation":"(i) هل يشترون مؤنهم معبأة في أكياس بلاستيكية من متجر كبير، أم سائبة، من متجر أصغر بالقرب من منزلهم؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"(ii)Where do they buy their footwear?","translation":"(ii) من أين يشترون أحذيتهم؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Do they buy branded footwear, or footwear made locally?","translation":"هل يشترون أحذية ��ات علامات تجارية، أم أحذية مصنوعة محليًا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What reasons do they have for their preference?","translation":"ما هي الأسباب التي لديهم لتفضيلهم؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"(iii)Do they buy ready-made clothes, or buy cloth and get their clothes stitched by a tailor?","translation":"(iii) هل يشترون ملابس جاهزة، أم يشترون قماشًا ويحصلون على ملابسهم مخيطة بواسطة خياط؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Which do they think is better?","translation":"ما الذي يعتقدون أنه الأفضل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Look at the picture.","translation":"انظر إلى الصورة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Let pairs of students talk to each other about leaving the country.","translation":"دع أزواج الطلاب يتحدثون مع بعضهم البعض حول مغادرة البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One student repeats Ajit’s statement.","translation":"يكرر أحد الطلاب تصريح أجيت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The other gives a reason for not agreeing with Ajit.","translation":"يقدم الآخر سببًا لعدم الاتفاق مع أجيت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If I leave this country, I’ll miss...","translation":"إذا غادرت هذه البلاد، سأفتقد...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There are some things which you can get only here, for example...","translation":"هناك بعض الأشياء التي يمكنك الحصول عليها هنا فقط، على سبيل المثال...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are some special days I’ll miss, particularly...","translation":"هناك بعض الأيام الخاصة التي سأفتقدها، وخاصة...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Most of all I’ll miss...because...","translation":"أكثر ما سأفتقده...لأن...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I think it’s impossible for me to leave my country because...","translation":"أعتقد أنه من المستحيل علي مغادرة بلدي لأن...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How can you leave your own country except when...?","translation":"كيف يمكنك مغادرة بلدك إلا عندما...؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Language comes alive when presented in meaning-making contexts.","translation":"تزدهر اللغة عندما تُعرض في سياقات ذات معنى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Encourage learners to work in pairs and small groups.","translation":"شجع المتعلمين على العمل في أزواج ومجموعات صغيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Promote reading habits through story-reading.","translation":"عزز عادات القراءة من خلال قراءة القصص.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The king, therefore, sent messengers throughout his kingdom.","translation":"لذلك، أرسل الملك رسلاً في جميع أنحاء مملكته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The king was not satisfied and gave no reward.","translation":"لم يكن الملك راضيًا ولم يقدم أي مكافأة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The hermit lived in a wood which he never left.","translation":"عاش الناسك في غابة لم يغادرها أبدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The king went up to the hermit and said, “I have come to you, wise hermit, to ask you to answer three questions.","translation":"صعد الملك إلى الناسك وقال: \"لقد جئت إليك أيها الناسك الحكيم، لأسألك أن تجيب على ثلاثة أسئلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The king washed and covered it with his handkerchief.","translation":"غسل الملك الجرح وغطاه بمنديله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The king was very happy to have made peace with his enemy so easily.","translation":"كان الملك سعيدًا جدًا لأنه صنع السلام مع عدوه بهذه السهولة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Remember then, there is only one time that is important and that time is ‘Now’.","translation":"تذكر إذن، هناك وقت واحد فقط مهم وهذا الوقت هو 'الآن'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"He wore a question mark for tail.","translation":"كان يرتدي علامة استفهام كذيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ravi and Meena rushed out, and Ravi pulled Mridu into the house.","translation":"اندفع رافي ومينا إلى الخارج، وجذب رافي مريدو إلى المنزل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We found him outside the gate this morning.","translation":"وجدناه خارج البوابة هذا الصباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"People are always telling us to be kind to animals.","translation":"الناس دائمًا ما يخبروننا أن نكون لطفاء مع الحيوانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The committee has to make Jagdish captain of the team.","translation":"على اللجنة أن تجعل جاجديش قائدًا للفريق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Imagine you are the king. Narrate the incident of your meeting the hermit.","translation":"تخيل أنك الملك. اذكر حادثة لقائك بالناسك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Does an ostrich really stick its head in the sand to hide from an enemy?","translation":"هل يضع النعام رأسه حقًا في الرمال للاختباء من العدو؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He sat up straight to eat a nut.","translation":"جلس منتصبًا ليأكل جوزة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The most necessary person is the person you are with at a particular moment.","translation":"أكثر الأشخاص ضرورة هو الشخص الذي أنت معه في لحظة معينة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The most important business is to do that person good.","translation":"أهم عمل هو أن تفعل الخير لذلك الشخص.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I told her I’m very hungry, I want to drink it, but the way she looked at me!","translation":"أخبرتها أنني جائع جدًا، أريد أن أشربه، لكن الطريقة التي نظرت بها إلي!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Then she wanted the tumbler back.","translation":"ثم أرادت أن تستعيد الكوب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I had to run and pour the milk into this coconut shell and then run back and wash the tumbler.","translation":"كان علي أن أركض وأسكب الحليب في قشرة جوز الهند هذه ثم أركض مرة أخرى وأغسل الكوب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Now we have to think of some other way to feed Mahendran.","translation":"الآن علينا أن نفكر في طريقة أخرى لإطعام ماهيندران.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This little kitty’s name is Mahendran?","translation":"اسم هذه القطة الصغيرة ماهيندران؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He’s a fine breed of cat.","translation":"إنه سلالة جيدة من القطط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Just look at his fur. Like a lion’s mane!","translation":"فقط انظر إلى فرائه. مثل عرف الأسد!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"And you know what the emblem of the ancient Pallava kings was, don’t you?","translation":"وأنت تعرف ما كان شعار ملوك بالافا القدماء، أليس كذلك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Think I’m joking?","translation":"هل تعتقد أنني أمزح؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Well, just wait. I’ll show you sometime.","translation":"حسنًا، فقط انتظر. سأريك في وقت ما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It’s clear you don’t know a thing about history.","translation":"من الواضح أنك لا تعرف شيئًا عن التاريخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Haven’t been to Mahabalipuram, have you?","translation":"ألم تذهب إلى مهاباليبورام، أليس كذلك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Well, when our class went to Mahabalipuram, I saw a statue of his thatha’s thatha’s thatha’s thatha’s thatha’s... etcetera, etcetera...","translation":"حسنًا، عندما ذهبنا في رحلة مدرسية إلى مهاباليبورام، رأيت تمثالًا لـ 'تاتا' تاتا' تاتا' تاتا' تاتا'... إلخ، إلخ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Fact is, Mahendran here is descended from that very same ancient cat.","translation":"الحقيقة هي أن ماهيندران هنا ينحدر من نفس القطة القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A close relative, scientifically speaking, of none other than the lion.","translation":"قريب مقرب، من الناحية العلمية، ليس إلا الأسد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This cat is a descendant of none other than the Mahabalipuram Rishi-Cat!","translation":"هذه القطة من نسل لا أحد غير قطة ماهاباليبورام ريشي!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"And if I may just remind you, they worshipped cats in ancient Egypt!","translation":"وإذا سمحت لي فقط أن أذكرك، فقد عبدوا القطط في مصر القديمة!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What does that have to do with anything?","translation":"ما علاقة ذلك بأي شيء؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Well, one of the descendants of that cat-goddess was a stowaway in one of the Pallava ships.","translation":"حسنًا، كان أحد أحفاد تلك الإلهة القطة متسللًا في إحدى سفن بالافا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What’s that noise?","translation":"ما هذا الضجيج؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In a moment it burst into blossom.","translation":"في لحظة، ازدهرت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The delighted daimio ordered the train to be stopped and got out to see the wonder.","translation":"أمر الدايميو المسروق بإيقاف القطار ونزل ليرى العجب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Calling the old man to him, he thanked him and ordered presents of silk robes, sponge-cake, fans and other rewards to be given him.","translation":"ناداه الرجل العجوز وشكره وأمر بتقديم هدايا من أردية الحرير وكعك الإسفنج والمراوح وغيرها من المكافآت له.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He even invited him to his castle.","translation":"حتى أنه دعاه إلى قلعته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"So the old man went gleefully home to share his joy with his dear old wife.","translation":"وهكذا ذهب الرجل العجوز مبتهجًا إلى المنزل ليشارك زوجته العجوز العزيزة فرحته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"But when the greedy neighbour heard of it, he took some of the magic ashes and went out on the highway.","translation":"لكن عندما سمع الجار الجشع بذلك، أخذ بعض الرماد السحري وخرج إلى الطريق السريع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There he waited until a daimio’s train came along and, instead of kneeling down like the crowd, he climbed a withered cherry tree.","translation":"هناك انتظر حتى جاء قطار الدايميو، وبدلاً من الركوع مثل الحشد، تسلق شجرة كرز ذابلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"When the daimio himself was almost directly under him, he threw a handful of ashes over the tree, which did not change a particle.","translation":"عندما كان الدايميو نفسه على وشك أن يكون تحته مباشرة، ألقى حفنة من الرماد على الشجرة، والتي لم تتغير ذرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The wind blew the fine dust in the noses and eyes of the daimio and his wife.","translation":"هبت الريح الغبار الناعم في أنوف وعيون الدايميو وزوجته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Such sneezing and choking! It spoiled all the pomp and dignity of the procession.","translation":"مثل هذا العطس والاختناق! لقد أفسد كل عظمة وكرامة الموكب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The man whose business it was to cry, “Get down on your knees,” seized the old fool by the collar, dragged him from the tree, and tumbled him and his ash-basket into the ditch by the road.","translation":"الرجل الذي كان عمله أن يصرخ، ","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Then, beating him soundly, he left him for dead.","translation":"ثم، ضربه بشدة، وتركه ليموت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Thus the wicked old man died in the mud, but the kind friend of the dog dwelt in peace and plenty, and both he and his wife lived to a green old age.","translation":"وهكذا مات الرجل العجوز الشرير في الوحل، لكن الصديق اللطيف للكلب سكن في سلام ووفرة، وعاش هو وزوجته في شيخوخة خضراء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The old farmer is a kind person. What evidence of his kindness do you find in the first two paragraphs.","translation":"المزارع العجوز شخص طيب. ما هو دليل لطفه الذي تجده في الفقرتين الأوليين؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What did the dog do to lead the farmer to the hidden gold?","translation":"ماذا فعل الكلب ليقود المزارع إلى الذهب المخفي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How did the spirit of the dog help the farmer first?","translation":"كيف ساعد روح الكلب المزارع أولاً؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How did it help him next?","translation":"كيف ساعده بعد ذلك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why did the daimio reward the farmer but punish his neighbour for the same act?","translation":"لماذا كافأ الدايميو المزارع لكنه عاقب جاره على نفس الفعل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I’ve decided to go abroad for higher studies. Have you?","translation":"قررت الذهاب إلى الخارج للدراسات العليا. هل فعلت؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I don’t think I’ll ever do that. I love my country.","translation":"لا أعتقد أنني سأفعل ذلك أبدًا. أنا أحب بلدي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mr. Wonka wants to invent a new thing which will make people younger or older.","translation":"السيد ونكا يريد أن يخترع شيئًا جديدًا يجعل الناس أصغر سنًا أو أكبر سنًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Can anyone’s age be a minus number? What does “minus 87” mean?","translation":"هل يمكن أن يكون عمر أي شخص رقمًا سالبًا؟ ماذا يعني \"ناقص 87\"؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I tracked down very old and ancient animals and took an important little bit of something from each one of them.","translation":"تتبعت حيوانات قديمة جدًا وأخذت منها جزءًا صغيرًا مهمًا من كل منها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I tracked down THE WHISTLE-PIG, THE BOBOLINK, THE SKROCK, THE POLLYFROG, THE GIANT CURLICUE, THE STINGING SLUG AND THE VENOMOUS SQUERKLE.","translation":"تتبعت حيوان الصفير، والبوبولينك، والسكروك، والبوليفروغ، والكرليك العملاق، والحلزون اللاذع، والسكويركل السام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Let me just say quickly that in the end, after lots of boiling and bubbling and mixing and testing in my Inventing Room, I produced one tiny cupful of oily black liquid.","translation":"دعني فقط أقول بسرعة أنه في النهاية، بعد الكثير من الغليان والفقاعات والخلط والاختبار في غرفة الاختراع الخاصة بي، أنتجت كوبًا صغيرًا واحدًا من سائل أسود زيتي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The moment he swallowed it, he began wrinkling and shrivelling up all over and his hair started dropping off and his teeth started falling out.","translation":"في اللحظة التي ابتلعه فيها، بدأ يتجعد وينكمش في كل مكان وبدأ شعره يتساقط وبدأت أسنانه تتساقط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"And thus, my dear Charlie, was Vita-Wonk invented!","translation":"وهكذا، يا عزيزي تشارلي، تم اختراع فيتا-ونك!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What trees does Mr Wonka mention? Which tree does he say lives the longest?","translation":"ما هي الأشجار التي يذكرها السيد ونكا؟ أي شجرة يقول أنها تعيش الأطول؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How long does this tree live? Where can you find it?","translation":"إلى متى تعيش هذه الشجرة؟ أين يمكنك أن تجدها؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How many of the oldest living things can you remember from Mr Wonka’s list?","translation":"كم عدد أقدم الكائنات الحية التي يمكنك تذكرها من قائمة السيد ونكا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do you think all these things really exist, or are some of them purely imaginary?","translation":"هل تعتقد أن كل هذه الأشياء موجودة حقًا، أم أن بعضها خيالي بحت؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why does Mr Wonka collect items from the oldest things?","translation":"لماذا يجمع السيد ونكا أشياء من أقدم الأشياء؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do you think this is the right way to begin his invention?","translation":"هل تعتقد أن هذه هي الطريقة الصحيحة لبدء اختراعه؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What happens to the volunteer who swallows four drops of the new invention?","translation":"ماذا يحدث للمتطوع الذي يبتلع أربع قطرات من الاختراع الجديد؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What is the name of the invention?","translation":"ما هو اسم الاختراع؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What do you call these insects in your language? cockroach, mosquito, grasshopper, housefly, dragonfly, ant","translation":"ماذا تسمي هذه الحشرات بلغتك؟ الصرصور، البعوض، الجراد، الذبابة المنزلية، اليعسوب، النمل","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How do these insects affect your health? Have a discussion in the class.","translation":"كيف تؤثر هذه الحشرات على صحتك؟ قم بإجراء مناقشة في الفصل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Fill in the blanks in the recipe given below with words from the box.","translation":"املأ الفراغات في الوصفة الموضحة أدناه بالكلمات من المربع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A ‘family tree’ is a diagram that shows the relationship between the different members of a family.","translation":"شجرة العائلة هي رسم بياني يوضح العلاقة بين أفراد الأسرة المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Make a list of the trees Mr Wonka mentions. Where do these trees grow?","translation":"قم بعمل قائمة بالأشجار التي يذكرها السيد ونكا. أين تنمو هذه الأشجار؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Major Padmapani Acharya displayed exceptional courage, leadership and spirit of self-sacrifice in the face of the enemy.","translation":"أظهر الرائد بادما باني أشاريا شجاعة وقيادة وروح تضحية بالنفس استثنائية في مواجهة العدو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"military","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If you fight, you will either be slain on the battlefield and go to the celestial abodes, or you will gain victory and enjoy the kingdom on earth.","translation":"إذا قاتلت، فإما أن تُقتل في ساحة المعركة وتذهب إلى المساكن السماوية، أو ستحقق النصر وتستمتع بالمملكة على الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"philosophy","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Therefore arise with determination. O, son of Kunti, and be prepared to fight.","translation":"لذلك انهض بعزم. يا ابن كونتي، وكن مستعدًا للقتال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"military","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Before he went into battle, he wrote a letter to his father that he wasn’t afraid or scared about losing his life while trying to protect the motherland.","translation":"قبل أن يدخل المعركة، كتب رسالة إلى والده بأنه لم يكن خائفًا أو مرعوبًا من فقدان حياته أثناء محاولته حماية الوطن الأم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"military","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Share it with your friends to learn more about it.","translation":"شاركه مع أصدقائك لمعرفة المزيد عنه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We reached Bengaluru yesterday.","translation":"وصلنا إلى بنغالور بالأمس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I have written a long letter as I could not help sharing this inspiring experience with you.","translation":"لقد كتبت رسالة طويلة لأنني لم أستطع إلا أن أشاركك هذه التجربة الملهمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Give my regards to your Mom and Dad.","translation":"سلم لي على أمك وأبيك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I miss your Mom’s Chhole Bhature. You know I am a foodie!","translation":"أفتقد شولي بهاتور لأمك. أنت تعلم أنني أحب الطعام!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Say hello to Amit.","translation":"سلم على أميت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I enjoyed reading your experience of the visit to the National War Memorial in Delhi, as well as your observations and feelings during the visit.","translation":"لقد استمتعت بقراءة تجربتك في زيارة النصب التذكاري الوطني للحرب في دلهي، بالإضافة إلى ملاحظاتك ومشاعرك أثناء الزيارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In my view, it is also an expression of deep gratitude for the supreme sacrifice made by our brave soldiers defending the sovereignty and integrity of the country.","translation":"في رأيي، إنه أيضًا تعبير عن الامتنان العميق للتضحية السامية التي قدمها جنودنا الشجعان الذين يدافعون عن سيادة وسلامة البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"I feel motivated and I am seriously thinking of joining the Armed Forces for serving my motherland.","translation":"أشعر بالحافز وأفكر بجدية في الانضمام إلى القوات المسلحة لخدمة وطني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is nice of your teacher and school to arrange this visit to give you all a chance to learn about India’s heroes and also pay your respect to them.","translation":"من الجيد أن يقوم معلمك والمدرسة بترتيب هذه الزيارة لمنحكم جميعًا فرصة للتعرف على أبطال الهند وأيضًا إبداء الاحترام لهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Best of luck for your presentation, I hope it goes well and motivates the school students to join the Indian Armed Forces.","translation":"أتمنى لك حظًا سعيدًا في عرضك التقديمي، وآمل أن يسير على ما يرام ويحفز طلاب المدرسة على الانضمام إلى القوات المسلحة الهندية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are so many stories of courage, bravery, and sacrifice which remind us that many of the challenges we face in our lives are inconsequential.","translation":"هناك الكثير من قصص الشجاعة والبسالة والتضحية التي تذكرنا بأن العديد من التحديات التي نواجهها في حياتنا غير ذات أهمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"We can enjoy peace in our country and the luxury of exchanging ideas with our friends because our Armed Forces are alert and work hard to create that environment for us.","translation":"يمكننا الاستمتاع بالسلام في بلدنا ورفاهية تبادل الأفكار مع أصدقائنا لأن قواتنا المسلحة في حالة تأهب وتعمل بجد لخلق هذه البيئة لنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Very recently I read in the newspaper that Captain Anuj Nayyar, MVC, an Indian Army officer of the 17 Jat regiment was posthumously awarded the Maha Vir Chakra, India’s second highest gallantry award, for exemplary valour during the Kargil War in 1999.","translation":"قرأت مؤخرًا في الصحيفة أن الكابتن أنوج ناير، MVC، وهو ضابط في الجيش الهندي من فوج جات السابع عشر، حصل بعد وفاته على جائزة ماها فير شاكرا، وهي ثاني أعلى وسام شجاعة في الهند، لشجاعته المثالية خلال حرب كارجيل عام 1999.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"military","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Writing about the smallest things about your child who is not with you really used to shake me but gradually I came to terms with it by telling myself that if I didn’t write about him no one in the world would or could, and no one will know about Anuj’s sacrifice.","translation":"الكتابة عن أصغر الأشياء عن طفلك الذي ليس معك كانت تهزني حقًا، لكنني تدريجيًا تقبلت الأمر من خلال إخبار نفسي أنه إذا لم أكتب عنه فلن يفعل أحد في العالم أو يستطيع، ولن يعرف أحد عن تضحية أنوج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"We have found out a mobile app ‘National War Memorial and Museum’.","translation":"لقد اكتشفنا تطبيقًا للهاتف المحمول 'النصب التذكاري والمتحف الوطني للحرب'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}

ar/English - It So Happened - VIII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,120 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"What is the King’s opinion about his Councillors?","translation":"ما هو رأي الملك في مستشاريه؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why did he form that opinion?","translation":"لماذا كوّن هذا الرأي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The eight Princesses made an offer to Princess September.","translation":"قدمت الأميرات الثماني عرضًا للأميرة سبتمبر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What was it?","translation":"ما هو؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why, in your view, did they do it?","translation":"لماذا فعلوا ذلك في رأيك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What did the sisters advise the Princess to do about her bird?","translation":"ماذا نصحت الأخوات الأميرة بفعله بشأن طائرها؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Princess September loves the bird far too much to take chances.","translation":"الأميرة سبتمبر تحب الطائر كثيرًا لدرجة أنها لا تخاطر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The bird cannot overcome the loss of freedom.","translation":"لا يستطيع الطائر التغلب على فقدان الحرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Princess September decides to put the bird’s happiness above her own.","translation":"تقرر الأميرة سبتمبر وضع سعادة الطائر فوق سعادتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Something might have happened to him.","translation":"ربما حدث له شيء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He might forget her, or he might take a fancy to somebody else.","translation":"قد ينساها، أو قد يعجب بشخص آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"That would be dreadful.","translation":"سيكون ذلك فظيعًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She wished he were safely back again.","translation":"تمنت عودته بأمان مرة أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Suddenly September heard a ‘tweet-tweet’ just behind her ear.","translation":"فجأة سمعت سبتمبر 'تغريد-تغريد' خلف أذنها مباشرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He had come in so quietly and alighted so softly that she had not heard him.","translation":"لقد دخل بهدوء شديد وهبط بلطف شديد لدرجة أنها لم تسمعه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"I wondered what on earth had become of you.","translation":"تساءلت ماذا حدث لك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The fact is I very nearly didn’t come back tonight at all.","translation":"الحقيقة أنني لم أعد الليلة على الإطلاق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"My father-in-law was giving a party and they all wanted me to stay.","translation":"كان حماي يقيم حفلة وأرادوا جميعًا مني البقاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"September felt her heart go thump against her chest.","translation":"شعرت سبتمبر بقلبها ينبض بقوة في صدرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She put up her hand and took hold of the bird.","translation":"رفعت يدها وأمسكت بالطائر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Velu stood on the platform but he felt “as if he was still on a moving train”. Why?","translation":"وقف فيلو على الرصيف لكنه شعر “كما لو أنه لا يزال في قطار متحرك”. لماذا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What made him feel miserable?","translation":"ما الذي جعله يشعر بالبؤس؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Velu travelled without a ticket. Why?","translation":"سافر فيلو بدون تذكرة. لماذا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How did he escape the ticket collector’s attention?","translation":"كيف أفلت من انتباه محصل التذاكر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why had Velu run away from home?","translation":"لماذا هرب فيلو من المنزل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why did he decide to follow the ‘strange’ girl?","translation":"لماذا قرر أن يتبع الفتاة 'الغريبة'؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Velu follows his friend through the crowded streets to a big building.","translation":"يتبع فيلو صديقه عبر الشوارع المزدحمة إلى مبنى كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Behind the building, there is a big garbage bin.","translation":"خلف المبنى، توجد حاوية قمامة كبيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Velu wonders why they are there at all.","translation":"يتساءل فيلو لماذا هم هناك على الإطلاق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Smoke and dust flew at him from all sides, making his head spin.","translation":"طار الدخان والغبار نحوه من جميع الجوانب، مما جعله يشعر بالدوار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They had to wait for a long time before they could find a gap to run through.","translation":"كان عليهم الانتظار لفترة طويلة قبل أن يتمكنوا من العثور على فجوة للركض من خلالها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If you stand around in the middle of the road like that, you’ll be chutney.","translation":"إذا وقفت في منتصف الطريق هكذا، فسوف تصبح شاتني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Velu’s heart was still beating fast.","translation":"كان قلب فيلو لا يزال ينبض بسرعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How had they managed to come through that?","translation":"كيف تمكنوا من تجاوز ذلك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Velu looked up at the pictures: banians, car tyres, pens, a woman holding a box.","translation":"نظر فيلو إلى الصور: قمصان داخلية، إطارات سيارات، أقلام، امرأة تحمل صندوقًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The writing was all in English, so he didn’t know what it meant.","translation":"كانت الكتابة كلها باللغة الإنجليزية، لذلك لم يعرف ما تعنيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"See that big building with the wall around it? If you’re not careful, you’ll soon be counting bars there.","translation":"هل ترى هذا المبنى الكبير الذي يحيط به جدار؟ إذا لم تكن حذرًا، فستعد القضبان هناك قريبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What are you carrying in that bag?","translation":"ماذا تحمل في تلك الحقيبة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It was still morning but the sun blasted down on the tar and Velu’s bare feet burned.","translation":"كان لا يزال الصباح لكن الشمس أشرقت على القار وحرقت قدمي فيلو العاريتين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"After almost an hour of walking, they stopped in front of a big building.","translation":"بعد ما يقرب من ساعة من المشي، توقفوا أمام مبنى كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He looked critically at Ranji’s hard, thin body.","translation":"نظر بانتقاد إلى جسد رانجي النحيل والقوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“You are quite strong yourself,” he conceded.","translation":"أقر قائلاً: \"أنت قوي جدًا بنفسك\".","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“But you are too bony.","translation":"لكنك نحيف جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I know, you people do not eat enough.","translation":"أعلم أنكم لا تأكلون بما فيه الكفاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You must come and have your food with me.","translation":"يجب أن تأتي وتتناول طعامك معي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I drink one seer of milk every day.","translation":"أشرب سيرًا واحدًا من الحليب كل يوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We have got our own cow!","translation":"لدينا بقرتنا الخاصة!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Be my friend, and I will make you a pahelwan like me!","translation":"كن صديقي، وسأجعلك بطلًا مثلي!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I know — if you teach me to dive and swim underwater, I will make you a pahelwan!","translation":"أعلم - إذا علمتني الغوص والسباحة تحت الماء، فسأجعلك بطلًا!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"That is fair, isn’t it?”","translation":"هذا عادل، أليس كذلك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“That is fair!” said Ranji, though he doubted if he was getting the better of the exchange.","translation":"قال رانجي: \"هذا عادل!\"، على الرغم من أنه شك فيما إذا كان يحقق أفضل صفقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Suraj put his arm around the younger boy and said, “We are friends now, yes?”","translation":"وضع سوراج ذراعه حول الصبي الأصغر وقال: \"نحن أصدقاء الآن، أليس كذلك؟\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They looked at each other with honest, unflinching eyes, and in that moment love and understanding were born.","translation":"نظروا إلى بعضهم البعض بعيون صادقة وثابتة، وفي تلك اللحظة ولد الحب والتفاهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"“We are friends,” said Ranji.","translation":"قال رانجي: \"نحن أصدقاء\".","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The birds had settled again in their branches, and the pool was quiet and limpid in the shade of the sal trees.","translation":"استقرت الطيور مرة أخرى في أغصانها، وكان المسبح هادئًا وشفافًا في ظل أشجار السال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“It is our pool,” said Suraj.","translation":"قال سوراج: \"إنه مسبحنا\".","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“Nobody else can come here without our permission. Who would dare?”","translation":"لا يمكن لأي شخص آخر أن يأتي إلى هنا دون إذننا. من يجرؤ؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“Who would dare?” said Ranji, smiling with the knowledge that he had won the day.","translation":"قال رانجي وهو يبتسم بمعرفة أنه فاز في ذلك اليوم: \"من يجرؤ؟\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I went to school with four rupees in my pocket to pay the school fees and the fund.","translation":"ذهبت إلى المدرسة معي أربعة روبيات في جيبي لدفع الرسوم المدرسية والصندوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When I got there I found that the teacher who collected the fees, Master Ghulam Mohammed, was on leave and so the fees would be collected the next day.","translation":"عندما وصلت إلى هناك، وجدت أن المعلم الذي يجمع الرسوم، الأستاذ غلام محمد، كان في إجازة، لذلك سيتم جمع الرسوم في اليوم التالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Who are you?","translation":"من أنت؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He loved doing things but detested mechanical learning.","translation":"كان يحب فعل الأشياء لكنه يكره التعلم الآلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mathematics gave him the shivers.","translation":"كانت الرياضيات تسبب له القشعريرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I used to get continuous nightmares about appearing for a maths examination where I did not know anything!","translation":"اعتدت أن أحصل على كوابيس مستمرة حول الظهور في امتحان الرياضيات حيث لم أكن أعرف أي شيء!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Now the psyche must have gotten over it, I don’t have to think about education and there is absolutely no time to get nightmares.","translation":"الآن يجب أن تكون النفس قد تغلبت على الأمر، ليس علي أن أفكر في التعليم وليس هناك وقت على الإطلاق للحصول على كوابيس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In the first and second year I was a good student.","translation":"في السنة الأولى والثانية كنت طالبًا جيدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I used to be interested in games, running around, playing jokes and pranks on others.","translation":"اعتدت أن أهتم بالألعاب والركض واللعب بالنكات والمقالب على الآخرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I would copy in class during exam times.","translation":"كنت أنسخ في الفصل أثناء أوقات الاختبار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"However, later, one sentence spoken to me by my Principal changed my life.","translation":"ومع ذلك، في وقت لاحق، غيرت حياتي جملة واحدة قالها لي مديري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Now you should rise to the occasion and study.","translation":"الآن يجب أن ترتقي إلى مستوى المناسبة وتدرس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I used to be a very good sportsman.","translation":"اعتدت أن أكون رياضيًا جيدًا جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I would go for prayers and all I would do was eat and study.","translation":"كنت أذهب للصلاة وكل ما أفعله هو الأكل والدراسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I normally used to copy and pass, but I realised that once I was in SSC, I could not do that.","translation":"اعتدت عادةً أن أنسخ وأنجح، لكنني أدركت أنه بمجرد أن كنت في SSC، لم أستطع فعل ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"When I got a second class, 50 per cent, in my SSC my Principal said, “Son, consider yourself as having got a distinction!”","translation":"عندما حصلت على درجة ثانية، 50 في المائة، في SSC قال لي مديري، “يا بني، اعتبر نفسك قد حصلت على امتياز!”","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"I for get things very easily.","translation":"أنسى الأشياء بسهولة بالغة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I would receive a caning every week.","translation":"كنت أتلقى عقوبة بدنية كل أسبوع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I was just interested in playing and nothing else.","translation":"كنت مهتمًا فقط باللعب ولا شيء آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"One day, I did not want to study, so I created a distraction.","translation":"ذات يوم، لم أرغب في الدراسة، لذا خلقت إلهاءً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Students used to book my textbooks for the following year, because they were almost brand new.","translation":"اعتاد الطلاب على حجز كتبي للعام التالي، لأنها كانت جديدة تمامًا تقريبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the college for architecture, nobody who had got below 80 – 85 per cent was allowed to enter.","translation":"في كلية الهندسة المعمارية، لم يُسمح لأي شخص حصل على أقل من 80 - 85 في المائة بالدخول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It so happened... It so happened... It so happened... It so happened... It so happened... Supplementary Reader in English for Class VIII Reprint 2024-25 First Edition April 2008Vaisakha 1930","translation":"حدث ذلك... حدث ذلك... حدث ذلك... حدث ذلك... حدث ذلك... القارئ التكميلي باللغة الإنجليزية للصف الثامن الطبعة المعاد طباعتها 2024-25 الطبعة الأولى أبريل 2008 فايساخا 1930","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Curriculum Framework (NCF), 2005, recommends that children’s life at school must be linked to their life outside the school.","translation":"يوصي الإطار الوطني للمناهج (NCF) لعام 2005 بضرورة ربط حياة الأطفال في المدرسة بحياتهم خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The success of this effort depends on the steps that school principals and teachers will take to encourage children to reflect on their own learning and to pursue imaginative activities and questions.","translation":"يعتمد نجاح هذا الجهد على الخطوات التي سيتخذها مدراء المدارس والمعلمون لتشجيع الأطفال على التفكير في تعلمهم الخاص ومتابعة الأنشطة والأسئلة الإبداعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Treating the prescribed textbook as the sole basis of examination is one of the key reasons why other resources and sites of learning are ignored.","translation":"إن التعامل مع الكتاب المدرسي المحدد كأساس وحيد للامتحان هو أحد الأسباب الرئيسية لإهمال الموارد ومواقع التعلم الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Inculcating creativity and initiative is possible if we perceive and treat children as participants in learning, not as receivers of a fixed body of knowledge.","translation":"إن غرس الإبداع والمبادرة أمر ممكن إذا نظرنا إلى الأطفال وعاملناهم كمشاركين في التعلم، وليس كمستقبلين لمجموعة ثابتة من المعرفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Flexibility in the daily time-table is as necessary as rigour in implementing the annual calendar so that the required number of teaching days are actually devoted to teaching.","translation":"المرونة في الجدول الزمني اليومي ضرورية مثل الصرامة في تنفيذ التقويم السنوي بحيث يتم بالفعل تخصيص العدد المطلوب من أيام التدريس للتدريس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The methods used for teaching and evaluation will also determine how effective this supplementary reader proves for making children’s life at school a happy experience rather than a source of stress or boredom.","translation":"ستحدد الأساليب المستخدمة في التدريس والتقييم أيضًا مدى فعالية هذا القارئ التكميلي في جعل حياة الأطفال في المدرسة تجربة سعيدة بدلاً من مصدر للتوتر أو الملل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The book attempts to enhance this endeavour by giving higher priority and space to opportunities for contemplation and wondering, discussion in small groups, and activities requiring hands-on experience.","translation":"تحاول هذه المقالة تعزيز هذا المسعى من خلال إعطاء أولوية ومساحة أكبر لفرص التأمل والتساؤل والمناقشة في مجموعات صغيرة والأنشطة التي تتطلب خبرة عملية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) appreciates the hard work done by the textbook development committee responsible for this book.","translation":"يقدر المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي (NCERT) العمل الشاق الذي قامت به لجنة تطوير الكتب المدرسية المسؤولة عن هذا الكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We wish to thank the Chairperson of the advisory group in languages, Professor Namwar Singh, and the Chief Advisor for this book, Professor R. Amritavalli for guiding the work of this committee.","translation":"نود أن نشكر رئيس المجموعة الاستشارية في اللغات، البروفيسور ناموار سينغ، وكبير المستشارين لهذا الكتاب، البروفيسور ر. أمريتافالي على توجيه عمل هذه اللجنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Several teachers contributed to the development of this book; we are grateful to their principals for making this possible.","translation":"ساهم العديد من المعلمين في تطوير هذا الكتاب؛ نحن ممتنون لمديريهم لجعل هذا الأمر ممكنًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We are indebted to the institutions and organisations which have generously permitted us to draw upon their resources, materials and personnel.","translation":"نحن مدينون للمؤسسات والمنظمات التي سمحت لنا بسخاء بالاعتماد على مواردها وموادها وموظفيها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As an organisation committed to systemic reform and continuous improvement in the quality of its products, NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions which will enable us to undertake further revision and refinements.","translation":"بصفتها منظمة ملتزمة بالإصلاح النظامي والتحسين المستمر في جودة منتجاتها، ترحب NCERT بالتعليقات والاقتراحات التي ستمكننا من إجراء المزيد من المراجعة والتحسينات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In view of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to reduce content load on students.","translation":"في ضوء جائحة كوفيد-19، من الضروري تقليل عبء المحتوى على الطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The main objective of this supplementary reader is to promote among learners the habit of reading independently with interest, understanding and enjoyment.","translation":"ال��دف الرئيسي من هذا القارئ التكميلي هو تعزيز عادة القراءة المستقلة لدى المتعلمين باهتمام وفهم ومتعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They would rather read it on their own and later share and confirm their responses and appreciation with the teacher and the peer group through discussions, questions and, wherever possible, even role-play.","translation":"بل يفضلون قراءته بمفردهم ومشاركة تأكيداتهم وتقديرهم مع المعلم ومجموعة الأقران من خلال المناقشات والأسئلة، وحيثما أمكن، حتى لعب الأدوار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The book contains eleven pieces.","translation":"يحتوي الكتاب على أحد عشر قطعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Each piece has been divided into two or three manageable sections, each section briefly summarised in point form without revealing crucial turns and twists of the storyline, thus sustaining readers’ curiosity and interest.","translation":"تم تقسيم كل قطعة إلى قسمين أو ثلاثة أقسام يمكن التحكم فيها، مع تلخيص كل قسم بإيجاز في شكل نقاط دون الكشف عن التحولات والمنعطفات الحاسمة في القصة، وبالتالي الحفاظ على فضول القراء واهتمامهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The stories, amply illustrated, deal with themes of cooperation, compassion, respect and love for flora and fauna, sound decision-making, science fiction, education, peace and harmony.","translation":"تتناول القصص، المصورة على نطاق واسع، موضوعات التعاون والرحمة والاحترام والحب للنباتات والحيوانات، واتخاذ القرارات السليمة، والخيال العلمي، والتعليم، والسلام والوئام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It shall be the duty of every citizen of India — (a)to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem;","translation":"يجب أن تكون واجبة على كل مواطن في الهند - (أ) الالتزام بالدستور واحترام مُثله ومؤسساته، والعلم الوطني والنشيد الوطني؛","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ancient education in India focused on the holistic development of individuals.","translation":"ركز التعليم القديم في الهند على التنمية الشاملة للأفراد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Students were taught to appreciate the balance between human beings and nature.","translation":"تم تعليم الطلاب تقدير التوازن بين البشر والطبيعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The system emphasized values such as humility, truthfulness, and discipline.","translation":"أكد النظام على قيم مثل التواضع والصدق والانضباط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Education in India has a heritage of being pragmatic and achievable.","translation":"التعليم في الهند لديه تراث من كونه عمليًا وقابلاً للتحقيق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The ancient system of education was based on the Vedas and Upanishads.","translation":"اعتمد نظام التعليم القديم على الفيدا والأوبانيشاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Writings of Aryabhata and Panini were sources of learning.","translation":"كانت كتابات أريابهاتا وبانيني مصادر للتعلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Physical education was an important part of the curriculum.","translation":"كان التربية البدنية جزءًا مهمًا من المنهج الدراسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Pupils participated in games and exercises.","translation":"شارك التلاميذ في الألعاب والتمارين الرياضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Gurus and pupils worked together to become proficient.","translation":"عمل المعلمون والتلاميذ معًا ليصبحوا بارعين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Shastrartha, or learned debates, were organized to assess learning.","translation":"تم تنظيم شاسترارثا، أو المناقشات المتعلمة، لتقييم التعلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Indigenous education was imparted at home and in temples.","translation":"تم تقديم التعليم الأصلي في المنزل وفي المعابد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Temples were also centers of learning.","translation":"كانت المعابد أيضًا مراكز للتعلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Students went to viharas and universities for higher knowledge.","translation":"ذهب الطلاب إلى فيهارات والجامعات للحصول على معرفة أعلى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Gurukuls were residential places of learning.","translation":"كانت الغوروكل أماكن سكنية للتعلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Women had access to education during the early Vedic period.","translation":"كان للمرأة حق الوصول إلى التعليم خلال الفترة الفيدية المبكرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The main objective was complete learning and a disciplined life.","translation":"كان الهدف الرئيسي هو التعلم الكامل والحياة المنضبطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Takshashila was a noted center of learning.","translation":"كانت تاكشاشيلا مركزًا بارزًا للتعلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The curriculum comprised the study of ancient scriptures and arts.","translation":"تضمن المنهج الدراسي دراسة النصوص المقدسة القديمة والفنون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nalanda University attracted scholars from around the world.","translation":"اجتذبت جامعة نالاندا العلماء من جميع أنحاء العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Knowledge was considered sacred, and no fee was charged.","translation":"كانت المعرفة تعتبر مقدسة، ولم يتم فرض أي رسوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/English - The Alien Hand Supplementry - VII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"The mechanical hand from the spacecraft ceased to work.","translation":"توقفت اليد الآلية من المركبة الفضائية عن العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Two spacecraft are approaching us.","translation":"مركبتان فضائيتان تقتربان منا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How should we react?","translation":"كيف يجب أن نتفاعل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Our reports say that they do not contain living beings, they only have instruments.","translation":"تقاريرنا تفيد بأنها لا تحتوي على كائنات حية، بل تحتوي فقط على أدوات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I recommend non-interference and passive observation.","translation":"أوصي بعدم التدخل والمراقبة السلبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If we destroy these spaceships or render them ineffective, we might reveal our existence.","translation":"إذا دمرنا هذه السفن الفضائية أو جعلناها غير فعالة، فقد نكشف عن وجودنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In fact I will go so far as to say that we should keep our surface activities to the minimum.","translation":"في الواقع، سأذهب إلى حد القول بأنه يجب علينا إبقاء أنشطتنا السطحية في الحد الأدنى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The first spacecraft has landed.","translation":"هبطت المركبة الفضائية الأولى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What a funny looking thing, Daddy! What does it contain?","translation":"يا له من شيء مضحك يا أبي! ماذا يحتوي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We are only allowed to observe it from far.","translation":"لا يُسمح لنا إلا بمراقبته من بعيد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"But we control all its parts and can exercise our power if it is up to any mischief.","translation":"لكننا نتحكم في جميع أجزائه ويمكننا ممارسة سلطتنا إذا كان الأمر يتعلق بأي أذى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Look, it’s up to something, Daddy.","translation":"انظر، إنه يفعل شيئًا ما يا أبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A mechanical hand was emerging from the spacecraft.","translation":"كانت يد آلية تخرج من المركبة الفضائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It bent and touched the soil.","translation":"انحنت ولمست التربة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Tilloo was staring at the control panel and its attractive buttons.","translation":"كان تيلو يحدق في لوحة التحكم وأزرارها الجذابة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An irresistible desire got hold of him to press the most prominent of all buttons, the red one.","translation":"تملكته رغبة لا تقاوم في الضغط على أبرز الأزرار، الزر الأحمر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"There was a shrill whistle and Tilloo found himself the centre of attention.","translation":"كانت هناك صفارة حادة ووجد تيلو نفسه محط الاهتمام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Everything has been going on smoothly with the Viking Mission.","translation":"كل شيء يسير بسلاسة مع مهمة فايكنغ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The mechanical hand which was to dig out the Martian soil for examination has developed a malfunction.","translation":"اليد الآلية التي كان من المفترض أن تحفر التربة المريخية للفحص قد أصابها عطل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Soon we will know the answer to the question whether there is life on Mars.","translation":"قريبًا سنعرف الإجابة على سؤال ما إذا كانت هناك حياة على المريخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The next time the fruit disappeared, I found a banana all smashed up in Kari’s pavilion.","translation":"في المرة التالية التي اختفت فيها الفاكهة، وجدت موزة محطمة بالكامل في جناح كاري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This surprised me very much, for I had never seen fruit there and, as you know, he had always lived on twigs.","translation":"فاجأني هذا الأمر كثيرًا، لأنني لم أرَ فاكهة هناك قط، وكما تعلمون، فقد عاش دائمًا على الأغصان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Next day, while I was sitting in the dining-room wondering whether I should take some fruit from the table.","translation":"في اليوم التالي، بينما كنت جالسًا في غرفة الطعام أتساءل عما إذا كان يجب أن آخذ بعض الفاكهة من الطاولة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Bringing up Kari without my parents’ permission, a long, black thing, very much like a snake, suddenly came through the window and disappeared with all the bananas.","translation":"تربية كاري دون إذن والدي، شيء طويل أسود، يشبه الثعبان إلى حد كبير، ظهر فجأة من النافذة واختفى مع كل الموز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"I was very much frightened because I had never seen snakes eat bananas and I thought it must be a terrible snake that would sneak in and take fruit.","translation":"كنت خائفًا جدًا لأنني لم أرَ الثعابين تأكل الموز قط، واعتقدت أنه يجب أن يكون ثعبانًا فظيعًا يتسلل و يأخذ الفاكهة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"I crept out of the room and with great fear in my heart ran out of the house, feeling sure that the snake would come back into the house, eat all the fruit and kill all of us.","translation":"زحفت خارج الغرفة، ومع خوف شديد في قلبي، ركضت خارج المنزل، وأنا أشعر بالتأكد من أن الثعبان سيعود إلى المنزل، ويأكل كل الفاكهة ويقتلنا جميعًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"As I went out, I saw Kari’s back disappearing in the direction of the pavilion and I was so frightened that I wanted his company to cheer me up.","translation":"عندما خرجت، رأيت ظهر كاري يختفي في اتجاه الجناح وكنت خائفًا جدًا لدرجة أنني أردت صحبته لتهدئتي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I ran after him into the pavilion and I found him there eating bananas.","translation":"ركضت خلفه إلى الجناح ووجدته هناك يأكل الموز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I stood still in astonishment; the bananas were lying strewn all around him.","translation":"توقفت في حالة ذهول؛ كان الموز ملقىً مبعثرًا من حوله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He stretched out his trunk and reached for one far away from where he was standing.","translation":"مد جذعه ومد يده إلى واحدة بعيدة عن المكان الذي كان يقف فيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"That instant the trunk looked like a black snake, and I realised that Kari was the thief.","translation":"في تلك اللحظة بدا الجذع وكأنه ثعبان أسود، وأدركت أن كاري هو اللص.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I went to him, pulled him out by the ear and joyously showed my parents that it was Kari and not I that had eaten all the fruit these many weeks.","translation":"ذهبت إليه، وسحبته من أذنه، وأظهرت لوالدي بفرح أنه كاري وليس أنا من أكل كل الفاكهة طوال هذه الأسابيع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Then I scolded him, for elephants understand words as well as children, and I said to him, “Next time I see you stealing fruit, you will be whipped.”","translation":"ثم وبخته، لأن الفيلة تفهم الكلمات مثل الأطفال، وقلت له: \"في المرة القادمة التي أراك فيها تسرق الفاكهة، ستُجلد.\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He knew that we were all angry with him, even the servants.","translation":"علم أننا جميعًا غاضبون منه، حتى الخدم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"His pride was so injured that he never stole another thing from the dining-room.","translation":"جُرح كبرياؤه لدرجة أنه لم يسرق شيئًا آخر من غرفة الطعام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"And from then on, if anybody gave him any fruit, he always squealed as if to thank them.","translation":"ومنذ ذلك الحين، إذا أع��اه أي شخص أي فاكهة، فإنه يصرخ دائمًا كما لو كان يشكرهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An elephant is willing to be punished for having done wrong, but if you punish him without any reason, he will remember it and pay you back in your own coin.","translation":"الفيل على استعداد للعقاب على ارتكاب خطأ، ولكن إذا عاقبته دون أي سبب، فسوف يتذكر ذلك ويدفع لك بنفس العملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Kari is a fast learner.","translation":"كاري متعلم سريع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He masters all signals and sounds he is taught.","translation":"يتقن جميع الإشارات والأصوات التي يتم تعليمها له.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There is one lesson, though, that an elephant takes five years to learn.","translation":"هناك درس واحد، على الرغم من ذلك، يستغرق الفيل خمس سنوات لتعلمه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) appreciates the hard work done by the textbook development committee responsible for this book.","translation":"يقدر المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي (NCERT) العمل الشاق الذي قامت به لجنة تطوير الكتب المدرسية المسؤولة عن هذا الكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We wish to thank the Chairperson of the advisory group in languages, Professor Namwar Singh, and the Chief Advisor for this book, Professor R. Amritavalli for guiding the work of this committee.","translation":"نود أن نشكر رئيس المجموعة الاستشارية في اللغات، البروفيسور ناموار سينغ، وكبير المستشارين لهذا الكتاب، البروفيسور ر. أمريتافالي على توجيه عمل هذه اللجنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Several teachers contributed to the development of this book; we are grateful to their principals for making this possible.","translation":"ساهم العديد من المعلمين في تطوير هذا الكتاب؛ نحن ممتنون لمديريهم لجعل هذا الأمر ممكنًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We are indebted to the institutions and organisations which have generously permitted us to draw upon their resources, materials and personnel.","translation":"نحن مدينون للمؤسسات والمنظمات التي سمحت لنا بسخاء بالاعتماد على مواردها وموادها وموظفيها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As an organisation committed to systemic reform and continuous improvement in the quality of its products, NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions which will enable us to undertake further revision and refinements.","translation":"بصفتها منظمة ملتزمة بالإصلاح النظامي والتحسين المستمر في جودة منتجاتها، ترحب NCERT بالتعليقات والاقتراحات التي ستمكننا من إجراء المزيد من المراجعة والتحسينات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In view of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to reduce content load on students.","translation":"في ضوء جائحة كوفيد-19، من الضروري تقليل عبء المحتوى على الطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Education Policy 2020, also emphasises reducing the content load and providing opportunities for experiential learning with creative mindset.","translation":"تؤكد السياسة التعليمية الوطنية لعام 2020 أيضًا على تقليل عبء المحتوى وتوفير فرص للتعلم التجريبي بعقلية إبداعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Contents of the textbooks have been rationalised in view of the following: Content based on genres of literature in the textbooks and supplementary readers at different stages of school education.","translation":"تم ترشيد محتويات الكتب المدرسية في ضوء ما يلي: المحتوى القائم على أنواع الأدب في الكتب المدرسية والقراء التكميليين في مراحل مختلفة من التعليم المدرسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The main objective of this supplementary reader is to promote among learners the habit of reading independently with interest, understanding and enjoyment.","translation":"الهدف الرئيسي من هذا القارئ التكميلي هو تعزيز عادة القراءة المستقلة لدى المتعلمين مع الاهتمام والفهم والاستمتاع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They would rather read it on their own and later share and confirm their responses and appreciation with the teacher and the peer group through discussions, questions and, wherever possible, even role-play.","translation":"بدلاً من ذلك، سيقرأونها بمفردهم ويشاركون لاحقًا ويؤكدون ردود أفعالهم وتقديرهم مع المعلم ومجموعة الأقران من خلال المناقشات والأسئلة، وحيثما أمكن، حتى لعب الأدوار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The book contains ten pieces.","translation":"يحتوي الكتاب على عشر قطع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Each piece has been divided into two or three manageable sections, each section briefly summarised in point form without revealing crucial turns and twists of the storyline, thus sustaining readers’ curiosity and interest.","translation":"تم تقسيم كل قطعة إلى قسمين أو ثلاثة أقسام قابلة للإدارة، مع تلخيص كل قسم بإيجاز في شكل نقاط دون الكشف عن التحولات والمنعطفات الحاسمة في القصة، وبالتالي الحفاظ على فضول القراء واهتمامهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"While-reading ‘Comprehension Check,’ given at the end of sections, is a recall of what has been read and understood so far.","translation":"يعد 'فحص الفهم' أثناء القراءة، والموجود في نهاية الأقسام، بمثابة استرجاع لما تم قراءته وفهمه حتى الآن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each piece is also followed by a set of questions as aids to understanding and, at many places, topics for discussion in groups.","translation":"يتبع كل قطعة أيضًا مجموعة من الأسئلة كمساعدات للفهم، وفي العديد من الأماكن، موضوعات للمناقشة في مجموعات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"All questions should be attempted orally before well-formulated answers are put down on paper.","translation":"يجب محاولة الإجابة على جميع الأسئلة شفهيًا قبل تدوين الإجابات الجيدة الصياغة على الورق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Discussion on related topics should be encouraged so that learners get an opportunity to go beyond the book and feel inspired to reach hitherto undiscovered vistas of knowledge and pleasure.","translation":"يجب تشجيع المناقشة حول الموضوعات ذات الصلة حتى يحصل المتعلمون على فرصة لتجاوز الكتاب والشعور بالإلهام للوصول إلى آفاق المعرفة والمتعة غير المكتشفة حتى الآن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The stories, amply illustrated, deal with themes of cooperation, compassion, respect and love for flora and fauna, sound decision-making, science fiction, peace and harmony.","translation":"تتناول القصص، الموضحة بشكل وافر، موضوعات التعاون والرحمة والاحترام والحب للنباتات والحيوانات، واتخاذ القرارات السليمة، والخيال العلمي، والسلام والوئام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It is hoped that young readers will find the book enjoyable and rewarding, and will feel motivated to read extensively on their own to become proficient readers in the years to come.","translation":"يُؤمل أن يجد القراء الشباب الكتاب ممتعًا ومجزياً، وأن يشعروا بالحافز للقراءة على نطاق واسع بمفردهم ليصبحوا قراءًا بارعين في السنوات القادمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The ant is unbelievably intelligent and hard-working.","translation":"النملة ذكية بشكل لا يصدق وتعمل بجد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ants live in comfortable homes called ‘anthills’.","translation":"تعيش النمل في منازل مريحة تسمى 'تلال النمل'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He had a fine appetite, and his friend, the cook, saw to it that he got his fill.","translation":"كان يتمتع بشهية جيدة، وكان صديقه الطباخ يحرص على أن يحصل على ما يكفيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Bears are vegetarians if they have a chance, and fruit is what they like best.","translation":"الدببة نباتية إذا سنحت لهم الفرصة، والفاكهة هي ما يفضلونه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Bears look clumsy and slow in their movements, but try a bear with an apple tree and you will soon find out that he can easily beat any school boy at that game.","translation":"تبدو الدببة خرقاء وبطيئة في حركاتها، ولكن جرب دبًا مع شجرة تفاح وستكتشف قريبًا أنه يمكنه بسهولة التغلب على أي تلميذ في تلك اللعبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Now he had learnt that it was against the law, but he kept his small eyes wide open for any apples that fell to the ground.","translation":"الآن تعلم أنه كان ضد القانون، لكنه أبقى عينيه الصغيرتين مفتوحتين على مصراعيها لأي تفاح يسقط على الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Otherwise he was never put on the chain except for the night and quite rightly so, for a bear, like a dog, is apt to get somewhat ill-tempered if kept on the chain, and no wonder.","translation":"وإلا فإنه لم يوضع على السلسلة أبدًا إلا في الليل، وهذا صحيح تمامًا، لأن الدب، مثل الكلب، عرضة لأن يصبح سيئ المزاج إلى حد ما إذا تم إبقاؤه على السلسلة، ولا عجب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"One Sunday, while walking through the dense forest, she found him following her.","translation":"في أحد أيام الأحد، بينما كانت تسير عبر الغابة الكثيفة، وجدته يتبعها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She was so angry with the disobedient bear that she hit him on the nose with her umbrella.","translation":"كانت غاضبة جدًا من الدب العاصي لدرجة أنها ضربته على أنفه بمظلتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He was also put on the chain on Sundays when his mistress went to spend the afternoon with her married sister who lived in a solitary house on the other side of the mountain-lake, a good hour’s walk through the dense forest.","translation":"كما كان يوضع على السلسلة أيام الأحد عندما تذهب سيدته لقضاء فترة ما بعد الظهر مع أختها المتزوجة التي تعيش في منزل منعزل على الجانب الآخر من بحيرة الجبل، على بعد ساعة سيرًا على الأقدام عبر الغابة الكثيفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It was not supposed to be good for him to wander about in the forest with all its temptations; it was better to be on the safe side.","translation":"لم يكن من المفترض أن يكون من الجيد له أن يتجول في الغابة بكل إغراءاتها؛ كان من الأفضل أن يكون في الجانب الآمن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He was also a bad sailor and had once taken such a fright at a sudden gust of wind that he had upset the boat and he and his mistress had to swim to the shore.","translation":"كان أيضًا بحارًا سيئًا وذات مرة أصيب بمثل هذا الخوف من هبة مفاجئة من الريح لدرجة أنه قلب القارب واضطر هو وسيدته إلى السباحة إلى الشاطئ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Now he knew quite well what it meant when his mistress put him on the chain on Sundays, with a friendly tap on his head and the promise of an apple on her return if he had been good during her absence.","translation":"الآن كان يعرف جيدًا ما يعنيه عندما تضعه سيدته على السلسلة أيام الأحد، مع نقرة ودية على رأسه ووعد بتفاحة عند عودتها إذا كان جيدًا أثناء غيابها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"One Sunday when the lady had chained him up as usual and was about half-way through the forest, she suddenly thought she heard the cracking of a tree-branch on the winding footpath behind her.","translation":"في أحد أيام الأحد عندما كانت السيدة قد قيدته كالمعتاد وكانت على بعد منتصف الطريق تقريبًا عبر الغابة، فجأة اعتقدت أنها سمعت صوت تكسر فرع شجرة على مسار القدم المتعرج خلفها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Bears look as if they move along quite slowly but they shuffle along much faster than a trotting horse.","translation":"تبدو الدببة وكأنها تتحرك ببطء شديد ولكنها تترنح أسرع بكثير من الحصان الذي يهرول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In a minute he had joined her, panting and sniffing, to take up his usual place, dog-fashion, at her heels.","translation":"في غضون دقيقة كان قد انضم إليها، وهو يلهث ويشم، ليأخذ مكانه المعتاد، على طريقة الكلب، عند كعبيها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The lady was very angry, she was already late for lunch, there was no time to take him back home, she did not want him to come with her, and, besides, it was very naughty of him to have disobeyed her.","translation":"كانت السيدة غاضبة جدًا، فقد تأخرت بالفعل عن الغداء، ولم يكن هناك وقت لإعادته إلى المنزل، ولم تكن تريده أن يأتي معها، علاوة على ذلك، كان من الوقاحة جدًا أن يعصيها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"He stopped a moment and looked at her with his cunning eyes, but did not want to go back and kept on sniffing at her.","translation":"توقف لحظة ونظر إليها بعينيه الماكرتين، لكنه لم يرد العودة واستمر في الشم عندها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When the lady saw that he had even lost his new collar, she got still more angry and hit him on the nose with her parasol so hard that it broke in two.","translation":"عندما رأت السيدة أنه فقد حتى طوقه الجديد، غضبت أكثر وضربته على أنفه بمظلتها بقوة لدرجة أنها انكسرت إلى نصفين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"He stopped again, shook his head and opened his big mouth several times as if he wanted to say something.","translation":"توقف مرة أخرى، وهز رأسه وفتح فمه الكبير عدة مرات كما لو أنه يريد أن يقول شيئًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When the lady came home in the evening, the bear was sitting in his usual place outside his kennel looking very sorry for himself.","translation":"عندما عادت السيدة إلى المنزل في المساء، كان الدب يجلس في مكانه المعتاد خارج زنزانته ويبدو آسفًا جدًا على نفسه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The old cook who loved the bear as if he had been her son rushed out from the kitchen very angry.","translation":"اندفعت الطاهية العجوز التي أحبت الدب كما لو كان ابنها من المطبخ وهي غاضبة جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}

ar/English - Words and Expressions-IX_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"The sun is shining brightly today.","translation":"الشمس مشرقة اليوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Could you please pass me the salt?","translation":"هل يمكنك من فضلك أن تناولي الملح؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The news reported a major earthquake in the region.","translation":"أفادت الأنباء عن زلزال كبير في المنطقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company is developing a new software application.","translation":"الشركة تطور تطبيقًا برمجيًا جديدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She enjoys reading novels and listening to music.","translation":"إنها تستمتع بقراءة الروايات والاستماع إلى الموسيقى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The doctor advised him to take a rest.","translation":"نصحه الطبيب بأخذ قسط من الراحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"medical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Despite the challenges, they persevered and succeeded.","translation":"على الرغم من التحديات، فقد ثابروا ونجحوا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The government implemented new economic policies.","translation":"نفذت الحكومة سياسات اقتصادية جديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The research team is analyzing the data.","translation":"يقوم فريق البحث بتحليل البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The ancient ruins are a testament to a rich history.","translation":"الآثار القديمة هي دليل على تاريخ غني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"He is a highly skilled programmer.","translation":"هو مبرمج ماهر للغاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The conference brought together experts from around the world.","translation":"جمعت المؤتمرات خبراء من جميع أنحاء العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The negotiations were complex and protracted.","translation":"كانت المفاوضات معقدة وطويلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The algorithm efficiently processes large datasets.","translation":"تعالج الخوارزمية بكفاءة مجموعات البيانات الكبيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"She expressed her gratitude for their support.","translation":"أعربت عن امتنانها لدعمهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The project faced several unforeseen obstacles.","translation":"واجه المشروع العديد من العقبات غير المتوقعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The artist's work is known for its innovative style.","translation":"يشتهر عمل الفنان بأسلوبه المبتكر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The economic forecast predicts a period of growth.","translation":"يتوقع التنبؤ الاقتصادي فترة نمو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The system requires regular maintenance.","translation":"يتطلب النظام صيانة دورية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The museum houses a vast collection of artifacts.","translation":"يضم المتحف مجموعة كبيرة من القطع الأثرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The robber hesitated to kill the Buddha.","translation":"تردد اللص في قتل بوذا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"His arm, which had been uplifted to kill, fell helpless by his side.","translation":"سقط ذراعه، الذي كان مرفوعًا للقتل، عاجزًا بجانبه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"His wrath cooled, and he knelt down before the Buddha.","translation":"هدأ غضبه، وركع أمام بوذا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He confessed all his sins and declared his faith in the Buddha.","translation":"اعترف بجميع خطاياه وأعلن إيمانه ببوذا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When the people saw the new disciple following his Master, they were amazed.","translation":"عندما رأى الناس التلميذ الجديد يتبع معلمه، دهشوا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They could not believe that this was the ferocious man who had been a terror for so long.","translation":"لم يستطيعوا تصديق أن هذا هو الرجل الشرس الذي كان يمثل رعبًا لفترة طويلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Angulimala became a monk.","translation":"أصبح أنجوليمالا راهبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"His past was forgotten, and he was widely respected for his holiness.","translation":"تم نسيان ماضيه، وكان يحظى باحترام واسع بسبب قداسته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why did the people of Kosala warn the Buddha not to go into the jungle?","translation":"لماذا حذر أهل كوسالا بوذا من الذهاب إلى الغابة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why was Angulimala considered to be a terror?","translation":"لماذا اعتبر أنجوليمالا رعبًا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What enraged Angulimala when he saw the Buddha?","translation":"ما الذي أغضب أنجوليمالا عندما رأى بوذا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What kind of transformation took place in Angulimala?","translation":"أي نوع من التحول حدث في أنجوليمالا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why did people start respecting Angulimala?","translation":"لماذا بدأ الناس يحترمون أنجوليمالا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A debate competition is being organised in your school.","translation":"يتم تنظيم مسابقة مناظرة في مدرستك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Take a stand for or against this statement: “Our happiness in life depends entirely on our mental attitude.”","translation":"اتخذ موقفًا مؤيدًا أو معارضًا لهذه العبارة: \"سعادتنا في الحياة تعتمد كليًا على موقفنا العقلي.\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Prepare an outline of the main points in the order in which you wish to present them.","translation":"قم بإعداد مخطط للنقاط الرئيسية بالترتيب الذي ترغب في تقديمها به.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Debate is a contest between two speakers or two groups of speakers to show skill and ability in arguing.","translation":"المناظرة هي مسابقة بين متحدثين أو مجموعتين من المتحدثين لإظهار المهارة والقدرة على الجدال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A proposition, a question or a problem is required for this purpose, which can be spoken for or against.","translation":"مطلوب اقتراح أو سؤال أو مشكلة لهذا الغرض، والتي يمكن التحدث بها مؤيدًا أو معارضًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"To participate in a debate, one must prepare for it.","translation":"للمشاركة في المناظرة، يجب على المرء أن يستعد لها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The speaker addresses the audience.","translation":"المتحدث يخاطب الجمهور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Fill these with words that you can think of in the two situations.","translation":"املأ هذه بالكلمات التي يمكنك التفكير فيها في الحالتين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Find the odd one out.","translation":"ابحث عن الشيء المختلف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Write the opposites of the following.","translation":"اكتب الأضداد لما يلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Use the correct suffix to the following to make adjectives.","translation":"استخدم اللاحقة الصحيحة لما يلي لصنع الصفات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I won’t be able to assist you unless you give me all the details of the report.","translation":"لن أتمكن من مساعدتك ما لم تقدم لي جميع تفاصيل التقرير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sita would have come first in class if she had not fallen ill.","translation":"كانت سيتا ستأتي في المرتبة الأولى في الفصل لو أنها لم تمرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You must not dive unless you have been properly trained.","translation":"يجب ��لا تغوص ما لم تكن مدربًا بشكل صحيح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Medical evidence suggests that people would enjoy better health if they did not consume refined sugar.","translation":"تشير الأدلة الطبية إلى أن الناس سيتمتعون بصحة أفضل إذا لم يستهلكوا السكر المكرر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"I might have got the job if I hadn’t been late for the interview.","translation":"ربما كنت قد حصلت على الوظيفة لو لم أتأخر عن المقابلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"You do not stop smoking, you will fall seriously ill.","translation":"إذا لم تتوقف عن التدخين، فستمرض بشدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mr. Sharma died suddenly as the family was getting ready to go for the wedding.","translation":"توفي السيد شارما فجأة بينما كانت العائلة تستعد للذهاب إلى حفل الزفاف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"My grandfather arrived early to avoid the traffic rush.","translation":"وصل جدي مبكرًا لتجنب ازدحام المرور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The man thanked me profusely before he drove off.","translation":"شكرني الرجل بإسهاب قبل أن ينطلق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The children clapped admiringly at the little girl’s extraordinary performance.","translation":"صفق الأطفال بإعجاب على أداء الفتاة الصغيرة غير العادي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The dog bit me hard when I was coming home from school.","translation":"عضني الكلب بشدة عندما كنت عائدًا إلى المنزل من المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fortunately, the police had several photographs of the suspect.","translation":"لحسن الحظ، كان لدى الشرطة العديد من صور المشتبه به.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sunil left the room abruptly when he saw the bull coming in.","translation":"غادر سونيل الغرفة فجأة عندما رأى الثور يدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rearrange each set of words to form meaningful sentences.","translation":"أعد ترتيب كل مجموعة من الكلمات لتكوين جمل ذات معنى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The culture we have does not make people feel good about themselves.","translation":"الثقافة التي لدينا لا تجعل الناس يشعرون بالرضا عن أنفسهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He had created a cocoon of human activities— conversation, interaction, affection—and it filled his life like an overflowing soup bowl.","translation":"لقد خلق شرنقة من الأنشطة الإنسانية - المحادثة والتفاعل والمودة - وملأت حياته مثل وعاء حساء يفيض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The book is a comprehensive guide to understanding the Indian constitution.","translation":"الكتاب دليل شامل لفهم الدستور الهندي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government announced new economic reforms to boost the country's growth.","translation":"أعلنت الحكومة عن إصلاحات اقتصادية جديدة لتعزيز نمو البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She enjoys reading novels and listening to classical music in her free time.","translation":"إنها تستمتع بقراءة الروايات والاستماع إلى الموسيقى الكلاسيكية في وقت فراغها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company is developing innovative software solutions for the healthcare industry.","translation":"تقوم الشركة بتطوير حلول برمجية مبتكرة لصناعة الرعاية الصحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The festival of Diwali is celebrated with great enthusiasm across India.","translation":"يُحتفل بمهرجان ديوالي بحماس كبير في جميع أنحاء الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The scientist conducted a series of experiments to test the hypothesis.","translation":"أجرى العالم سلسلة من التجارب لاختبار الفرضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The ancient temples of Khajuraho are famous for their intricate carvings.","translation":"تشتهر المعابد القديمة في خاجوراهو بمنحوتاتها المعقدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The team worked diligently to complete the project before the deadline.","translation":"عمل الفريق بجد لإكمال المشروع قبل الموعد النهائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The rapid advancement of technology has transformed the way we communicate.","translation":"أدى التقدم السريع للتكنولوجيا إلى تغيير طريقة تواصلنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The monsoon season brings much-needed rain to the parched lands.","translation":"يجلب موسم الأمطار الأمطار التي تشتد الحاجة إليها إلى الأراضي الجافة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The artist's paintings reflect the vibrant culture and traditions of India.","translation":"تعكس لوحات الفنان الثقافة والتقاليد النابضة بالحياة في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The economic policies implemented by the government have had a significant impact on the lives of the people.","translation":"كان للسياسات الاقتصادية التي نفذتها الحكومة تأثير كبير على حياة الناس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The company is committed to sustainable practices and environmental conservation.","translation":"تلتزم الشركة بالممارسات المستدامة والحفاظ على البيئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The historical significance of the Taj Mahal attracts millions of tourists every year.","translation":"يجذب الأهمية التاريخية لتاج محل ملايين السياح كل عام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The complex algorithms used in artificial intelligence are constantly evolving.","translation":"الخوارزميات المعقدة المستخدمة في الذكاء الاصطناعي تتطور باستمرار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The vibrant colors of the Holi festival create a joyful atmosphere.","translation":"تخلق الألوان النابضة بالحياة لمهرجان هولي جوًا مبهجًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The negotiations between the two countries are ongoing, with the aim of reaching a peaceful resolution.","translation":"المفاوضات بين البلدين جارية، بهدف التوصل إلى حل سلمي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The ancient art of yoga is practiced by people around the world for its health benefits.","translation":"يمارس الناس في جميع أنحاء العالم فن اليوجا القديم لفوائده الصحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The research team is exploring new avenues for renewable energy sources.","translation":"يستكشف فريق البحث طرقًا جديدة لمصادر الطاقة المتجددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The cultural diversity of India is reflected in its various languages, cuisines, and traditions.","translation":"تنعكس التنوع الثقافي للهند في لغاتها ومأكولاتها وتقاليدها المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Good friends in the end.","translation":"الأصدقاء الحقيقيون في النهاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This little car does have a few problems.","translation":"هذه السيارة الصغيرة لديها بعض المشاكل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We got a little help from a training scheme.","translation":"حصلنا على بعض المساعدة من برنامج تدريبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I have little doubt of their identity.","translation":"لدي شك قليل في هويتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The teacher explained the functioning of the heart with the help of a model.","translation":"شرح المعلم وظيفة القلب بمساعدة نموذج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Anita reminded Leena to buy milk and keep it in the fridge because Vrinda wanted to have coffee in the evening.","translation":"ذكرت أنيتا لينا بشراء الحليب ووضعه في الثلاجة لأن فريندا أراد�� تناول القهوة في المساء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We decided to go to our village near Goa on holiday.","translation":"قررنا الذهاب إلى قريتنا بالقرب من غوا في عطلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The coast guard advised us against going into the water.","translation":"نصحنا خفر السواحل بعدم النزول إلى الماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He warned the children not to cross the bridge there.","translation":"حذر الأطفال من عبور الجسر هناك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"My little 10 years daughter Sarah was born with a muscle missing in her foot and wears a brace all the time.","translation":"ولدت ابنتي سارة البالغة من العمر 10 سنوات بعضلة مفقودة في قدمها وترتدي دعامة طوال الوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"She came home jumping up and down one beafutiful spring day to tell me that she had competed in “field day” - that’s where they have lots of races and other competitive events because of her leg support my mind raced as I tried to think of encouragement for my sarah i wanted to tell some hard facts of life not letting this to get her down But, before I could get my word out, she said, Daddy, I won two of the races!","translation":"عادت إلى المنزل وهي تقفز صعودًا وهبوطًا في يوم ربيعي جميل لتخبرني أنها شاركت في \"اليوم الميداني\" - هذا هو المكان الذي لديهم فيه الكثير من السباقات والأحداث التنافسية الأخرى بسبب دعم ساقها، وتسارعت أفكاري بينما حاولت التفكير في التشجيع لسارة، أردت أن أخبرها ببعض الحقائق الصعبة في الحياة وعدم السماح لهذا الأمر بإحباطها، ولكن قبل أن أتمكن من إخراج كلمتي، قالت، أبي، لقد فزت في سباقين!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"George Abraham is a resident of Noida near Delhi and is visually impaired.","translation":"جورج أبراهام مقيم في نويدا بالقرب من دلهي وهو ضعيف البصر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It provides confidence and competitive spirit and infuses discipline among the participants.","translation":"يوفر الثقة والروح التنافسية ويغرس الانضباط بين المشاركين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He has helped the brain behind the World Cup Cricket to dream.","translation":"لقد ساعد العقل المدبر وراء كأس العالم للكريكيت على الحلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It was a chance visit to the blind school in Delhi that changed his life.","translation":"كانت زيارة عابرة لمدرسة المكفوفين في دلهي هي التي غيرت حياته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When I grew up and fell in love I asked my sweetheart What lies ahead Will we have rainbows? Day after day Here’s what my sweetheart said Que sera, sera Whatever will be, will be The future’s not ours to see Que sera, sera What will be, will be","translation":"عندما كبرت ووقعت في الحب سألت حبيبي ما يكمن في المستقبل هل سنحصل على أقواس قزح؟ يوما بعد يوم هذا ما قاله حبيبي Que sera, sera مهما كان، سيكون المستقبل ليس لنا لنراه Que sera, sera ما سيكون، سيكون","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Do you have questions about your future?","translation":"هل لديك أسئلة حول مستقبلك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Whom do you discuss them with?","translation":"مع من تناقشهم؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How often do you discuss your worries or queries with your parents?","translation":"كم مرة تناقش مخاوفك أو استفساراتك مع والديك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Whom do you feel most comfortable sharing them with?","translation":"مع من تشعر بالراحة الأكبر في مشاركتها؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The teacher's words had a profound impact on the young student.","translation":"كان لكلمات المعلم تأثير عميق على الطالب الشاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Despite the challenges, she remained determined to succeed.","translation":"على الرغم من التحديات، ظلت مصممة على النجاح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company's innovative approach revolutionized the industry.","translation":"أحدث النهج المبتكر للشركة ثورة في الصناعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The news report detailed the events of the recent conflict.","translation":"أورد التقرير الإخباري تفاصيل أحداث الصراع الأخير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He carefully considered all the options before making a decision.","translation":"نظر بعناية في جميع الخيارات قبل اتخاذ قرار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The complex algorithm required significant computational power.","translation":"تطلبت الخوارزمية المعقدة قوة حاسوبية كبيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"She expressed her gratitude for their support.","translation":"أعربت عن امتنانها لدعمهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The economic forecast predicted a period of growth.","translation":"توقع التقرير الاقتصادي فترة نمو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The scientist conducted a series of experiments.","translation":"أجرى العالم سلسلة من التجارب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The artist's work was displayed in a prestigious gallery.","translation":"عُرض عمل الفنان في معرض مرموق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The political debate was heated and intense.","translation":"كان النقاش السياسي حادًا ومكثفًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The software update improved the system's performance.","translation":"أدى تحديث البرنامج إلى تحسين أداء النظام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The historical document provided valuable insights.","translation":"قدمت الوثيقة التاريخية رؤى قيمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The team collaborated effectively to achieve their goals.","translation":"تعاون الفريق بفعالية لتحقيق أهدافه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The environmental regulations aimed to protect the ecosystem.","translation":"هدفت اللوائح البيئية إلى حماية النظام البيئي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The novel explored themes of love and loss.","translation":"استكشفت الرواية موضوعات الحب والفقد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The financial crisis had a global impact.","translation":"كان للأزمة المالية تأثير عالمي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The research findings were published in a peer-reviewed journal.","translation":"نُشرت نتائج البحث في مجلة تخضع لمراجعة الأقران.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The cultural exchange program fostered understanding.","translation":"عزز برنامج التبادل الثقافي التفاهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The government implemented new policies to address the issue.","translation":"نفذت الحكومة سياسات جديدة لمعالجة القضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A word or statement that expresses agreement or confirmation.","translation":"كلمة أو بيان يعبر عن الموافقة أو التأكيد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The ability to withstand hardship or adversity.","translation":"القدرة على تحمل المشقة أو الشدائد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Final stage of something you’ve been working towards.","translation":"المرحلة النهائية لشيء كنت تعمل من أجله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She wears expensive dresses and jewellery. It seems she belongs to an affluent family.","translation":"ترتدي فساتين ومجوهرات باهظة الثمن. يبدو أنها تنتمي إلى عائلة ثرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At present, political turmoil prevails in most parts of the world.","translation":"في الوقت الحاضر، تسود الاضطرابات السياسية في معظم ��نحاء العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mr Khanna admitted his mistake by writing a letter of apology to the Head of the Department.","translation":"اعترف السيد خانا بخطئه بكتابة رسالة اعتذار إلى رئيس القسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Director was quite positive while addressing his employees.","translation":"كان المدير إيجابياً للغاية أثناء مخاطبة موظفيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The result that you see today is a culmination of years of hardwork and dedication.","translation":"النتيجة التي تراها اليوم هي تتويج لسنوات من العمل الجاد والتفاني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"School children went on a weeklong expedition during their summer holidays.","translation":"ذهب أطفال المدارس في رحلة استكشافية لمدة أسبوع خلال عطلاتهم الصيفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I read Sherlock Holmes while I was on holiday.","translation":"قرأت شيرلوك هولمز بينما كنت في عطلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It was raining heavily when I got home in the evening.","translation":"كانت تمطر بغزارة عندما وصلت إلى المنزل في المساء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I will phone you when I go to the clinic.","translation":"سأتصل بك عندما أذهب إلى العيادة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Can I borrow your book when you have finished it?","translation":"هل يمكنني استعارة كتابك عندما تنتهي منه؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She must clean the room. I won’t enter the room until this is done.","translation":"يجب عليها تنظيف الغرفة. لن أدخل الغرفة حتى يتم ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I will do the cooking. Then I will come to your house.","translation":"سأقوم بالطهي. ثم سأتي إلى منزلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I will go to the library. Then I will issue the book for you.","translation":"سأذهب إلى المكتبة. ثم سأصدر الكتاب لك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Evening came. They rested.","translation":"جاء المساء. استراحوا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The salesman came. Rita was eating her breakfast.","translation":"جاء البائع. كانت ريتا تتناول وجبة الإفطار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We went to see the play with grandfather. Do you remember?","translation":"ذهبنا لمشاهدة المسرحية مع الجد. هل تتذكر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Maria Sharapova likes to be dancing, singing and fashion.","translation":"تحب ماريا شارابوفا الرقص والغناء والأزياء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The sun was warm but the sea breeze kept up its cooling effect all along.","translation":"كانت الشمس دافئة، لكن نسيم البحر حافظ على تأثيره المبرد طوال الوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Soon the steamer turned away and anchored near a creek by the river.","translation":"وسرعان ما ابتعد الباخرة ورست بالقرب من خور بجانب النهر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The muddy fringe and the mangrove vegetation declared the gateway to the Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary in Odisha.","translation":"أعلنت الحافة الموحلة وغطاء نباتات المانجروف عن البوابة المؤدية إلى محمية بهيتاركانيكا للحياة البرية في أوديشا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"From the motorboat we had a good look at a large crocodile basking in the sun.","translation":"من القارب الآلي، ألقينا نظرة جيدة على تمساح كبير يستمتع بحمامات الشمس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Here we felt as though we had stepped into a time warp.","translation":"هنا شعرنا وكأننا دخلنا في دوامة زمنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In this awesome and mysterious place, birds of extraordinary plumage appeared before us.","translation":"في هذا المكان الرائع والغامض، ظهرت أمامنا طيور ذات ريش غير عادي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Among the birds, the kingfishers were the stars of the show.","translation":"من بين الطيور، كانت طيور الرفراف هي نجوم العرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Crocodiles, large and small, slid into the water at our approach.","translation":"انزلقت التماسيح، الكبيرة والصغيرة، إلى الماء عند اقترابنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Through the foliage we could see chital deer delicately browsing on fresh outcrops of leaves.","translation":"من خلال أوراق الشجر، تمكنا من رؤية غزال الشيتال يتصفح بأناقة على نتوءات الأوراق الطازجة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A herd of wild boar was spotted searching for succulent roots.","translation":"تم رصد قطيع من الخنازير البرية يبحث عن جذور عصارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"High above us, open-billed storks stood sentry-like following our progress through their remarkable kingdom.","translation":"فوقنا، وقفت اللقلق مفتوحة المنقار كالحراس يراقبون تقدمنا عبر مملكتهم الرائعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The evening sun was beginning to paint the tree-lined horizon crimson and gold and a brooding silence enveloped us all.","translation":"بدأت شمس المساء في تلوين الأفق المبطن بالأشجار باللون القرمزي والذهبي، وأحاط بنا صمت كئيب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Where was the author going?","translation":"إلى أين كان المؤلف ذاهبًا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How did the group manage to get there?","translation":"كيف تمكنت المجموعة من الوصول إلى هناك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Which creature did they see first?","translation":"أي مخلوق رأوه أولاً؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What does the author mean by ‘the magnificence of nature’?","translation":"ماذا يقصد المؤلف بـ 'عظمة الطبيعة'؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How are the kingfishers and the open-billed storks described?","translation":"كيف يتم وصف طيور الرفراف واللقلق مفتوحة المنقار؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What were the chital deer and the wild boar doing when the motorboat went past them?","translation":"ماذا كانت تفعل غزلان الشيتال والخنازير البرية عندما مر القارب الآلي بجانبهم؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"“Travelling––it offers you a hundred roads to adventure, and gives your heart wings.”","translation":"السفر – يقدم لك مائة طريق للمغامرة، ويعطي قلبك أجنحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The tourism sector can be aligned with the policies of sustainable development.","translation":"يمكن مواءمة قطاع السياحة مع سياسات التنمية المستدامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/English- Honeydew - VIII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Our kings have become puppets, and we have lost our old jobs.","translation":"لقد أصبح ملوكنا دمى، وفقدنا وظائفنا القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They cared little about the needs of Indians.","translation":"لم يهتموا كثيرًا باحتياجات الهنود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They are converting our brothers!","translation":"إنهم يحولون إخواننا!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Taxes continued to ruin the peasants.","translation":"استمرت الضرائب في تدمير الفلاحين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In Bengal, the Santhals who had lost their lands under new land rules, became desperate.","translation":"في البنغال، أصبح السانثال الذين فقدوا أراضيهم بموجب قواعد الأراضي الجديدة، يائسين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In 1855, they rose in rebellion and massacred Europeans and their supporters alike.","translation":"في عام 1855، ثاروا في تمرد وذبحوا الأوروبيين وأنصارهم على حد سواء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Discontent was brewing in the East India Company’s army too.","translation":"كان السخط يتصاعد في جيش شركة الهند الشرقية أيضًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The white soldier gets huge pay, mansions to live in, servants.","translation":"يحصل الجندي الأبيض على أجر ضخم، وقصور للعيش فيها، وخدم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"While we get a pittance and slow promotions!","translation":"بينما نحصل على فتات وترقيات بطيئة!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Angrez asks us to cross the sea which is against our religion.","translation":"يطلب منا الإنجليز عبور البحر وهو ضد ديننا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Who is the topiwala to abolish our age-old customs?","translation":"من هو صاحب القبعة لإلغاء عاداتنا القديمة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We must drive out the Angrez.","translation":"يجب أن نطرد الإنجليز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Thousands of other sepoys revolted.","translation":"تمرد الآلاف من الجنود الآخرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They were stripped of their uniforms, humiliated and put in irons.","translation":"تم تجريدهم من زيهم العسكري، وإذلالهم ووضعهم في الأغلال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sepoy Mangal Pande attacked the adjutant of his regiment and was executed.","translation":"هاجم الجندي سيبوي مانغال باندي مساعد فوجة وأُعدم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Few Englishmen had cared to understand Indian customs or the people’s mind.","translation":"قلة من الإنجليز اهتموا بفهم العادات الهندية أو عقلية الشعب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The white man has deceived us too!","translation":"لقد خدعنا الرجل الأبيض أيضًا!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Soon, chapaties were sent from village to village to tell the people that their emperor would want their services.","translation":"سرعان ما أُرسلت خبز الشباتي من قرية إلى أخرى لإخبار الناس بأن إمبراطورهم يريد خدماتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Similarly lotus flowers circulated among Indian soldiers.","translation":"وبالمثل، انتشرت أزهار اللوتس بين الجنود الهنود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Death to the foreigner!","translation":"الموت للأجنبي!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The NCERT publishes textbooks for schools across India.","translation":"تنشر NCERT الكتب المدرسية للمدارس في جميع أنحاء الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The publication team worked diligently to produce the textbook.","translation":"عمل فريق النشر بجد لإنتاج الكتاب المدرسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book includes chapters on various subjects like history and science.","translation":"يتضمن الكتاب فصولًا حول مواضيع مختلفة مثل التاريخ والعلوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The revised edition of the textbook was released in November 2022.","translation":"صدرت الطبعة المنقحة من الكتاب المدرسي في نوفمبر 2022.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training is responsible for the content.","translation":"المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي مسؤول عن المحتوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook is available in multiple languages.","translation":"الكتاب المدرسي متاح بلغات متعددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book is printed on 80 GSM paper with the NCERT watermark.","translation":"تمت طباعة الكتاب على ورق 80 جرامًا لكل متر مربع مع علامة مائية NCERT.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The ISBN number is 978-81-7450-821-8.","translation":"رقم ISBN هو 978-81-7450-821-8.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book is for class VIII students.","translation":"الكتاب مخصص لطلاب الصف الثامن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"All rights are reserved by the NCERT.","translation":"جميع الحقوق محفوظة للمجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book cannot be reproduced without permission.","translation":"لا يمكن إعادة إنتاج الكتاب دون إذن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The foreword emphasizes the importance of linking school life to life outside the school.","translation":"يؤكد التمهيد على أهمية ربط الحياة المدرسية بالحياة خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The curriculum aims to discourage rote learning.","translation":"يهدف المنهج إلى تثبيط الحفظ عن ظهر قلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook encourages imaginative activities and questions.","translation":"يشجع الكتاب المدرسي على الأنشطة والأسئلة التخيلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Children generate new knowledge by engaging with information.","translation":"ينشئ الأطفال معرفة جديدة من خلال التعامل مع المعلومات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook provides opportunities for contemplation and discussion.","translation":"يوفر الكتاب المدرسي فرصًا للتأمل والمناقشة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions for improvement.","translation":"يرحب المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي بالتعليقات والاقتراحات للتحسين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The content has been rationalized in view of the pandemic.","translation":"تم ترشيد المحتوى في ضوء الوباء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook development committee worked hard on the book.","translation":"عملت لجنة تطوير الكتاب المدرسي بجد على الكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book includes acknowledgements to various contributors.","translation":"يتضمن الكتاب إقرارات بالفضل لمختلف المساهمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This may be an opportunity to formulate equivalent texts in their own languages.","translation":"قد تكون هذه فرصة لصياغة نصوص معادلة بلغاتهم الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Some details of each ‘glimpse’ of the past may be had from the history textbook of the same class.","translation":"يمكن الحصول على بعض تفاصيل كل 'لمحة' من الماضي من كتاب التاريخ للصف نفسه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The history teacher may be invited to facilitate the activity.","translation":"قد تتم دعوة معلم التاريخ لتسهيل النشاط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Picture reading under speaking and writing to be attempted in the same manner.","translation":"يجب محاولة قراءة الصور تحت التحدث والكتابة بنفس الطريقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Creating a comic (Activity 5) will be great fun if children can be persuaded to draw/learn to draw matchstick figures.","translation":"سيكون إنشاء كتاب هزلي (النشاط 5) ممتعًا للغاية إذا أمكن إقناع الأطفال بالرسم / تعلم رسم أشكال أعواد الثقاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Enlist the help of the art teacher.","translation":"اطلب مساعدة معلم الفن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There are some dates or periods of time in the history of the world that are so significant that everyone knows and remembers them.","translation":"هناك بعض التواريخ أو الفترات الزمنية في تاريخ العالم ذات أهمية كبيرة لدرجة أن الجميع يعرفها ويتذكرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The story you will read mentions one such date and event: a war between the British and the Germans in 1914.","translation":"تذكر القصة التي ستقرأها تاريخًا وحدثًا من هذا القبيل: حرب بين البريطانيين والألمان في عام 1914.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Can you guess which war it was?","translation":"هل يمكنك تخمين أي حرب كانت؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Do you know which events the dates below refer to?","translation":"هل تعرف الأحداث التي تشير إليها التواريخ أدناه؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I spotted it in a junk shop in Bridport, a roll-top desk.","translation":"اكتشفته في متجر للسلع المستعملة في بريدبورت، وهو مكتب ذو غطاء دوار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The man said it was early nineteenth century, and oak.","translation":"قال الرجل إنه من أوائل القرن التاسع عشر، ومن خشب البلوط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I had wanted one, but they were far too expensive.","translation":"كنت أريد واحدة، لكنها كانت باهظة الثمن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This one was in a bad condition, the roll-top in several pieces, one leg clumsily mended, scorch marks all down one side.","translation":"كان هذا في حالة سيئة، والغطاء الدوار في عدة قطع، وساق واحدة تم إصلاحها ببراعة، وعلامات حرق على جانب واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It was going for very little money.","translation":"كان يُباع مقابل القليل من المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I thought I could restore it.","translation":"اعتقدت أنني أستطيع ترميمه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It would be a risk, a challenge, but I had to have it.","translation":"سيكون الأمر محفوفًا بالمخاطر، ويمثل تحديًا، لكن كان يجب أن أحصل عليه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I paid the man and brought it back to my workroom at the back of the garage.","translation":"دفعت للرجل وأعدته إلى غرفة عملي في الجزء الخلفي من المرآب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I began work on it on Christmas Eve.","translation":"بدأت العمل عليه عشية عيد الميلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I removed the roll-top completely and pulled out the drawers.","translation":"أزلت الغطاء الدوار تمامًا وسحبت الأدراج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The river breeze was bracing, and yet a slight discomfort lingered in Bepin Babu’s mind.","translation":"كان نسيم النهر منعشًا، ومع ذلك بقي إزعاج طفيف في ذهن بيبين بابو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Around Hastings, Bepin Babu decided to roll up his trousers and take a look at his right knee.","translation":"في منطقة هاستينغز، قرر بيبين بابو أن يرفع سرواله وينظر إلى ركبته اليمنى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There was the mark of an old inch-long cut.","translation":"كان هناك أثر لجرح قديم بطول بوصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It was impossible to tell when the injury had occurred.","translation":"كان من المستحيل معرفة متى وقعت الإصابة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Had he never had a fall as a boy and cut his knee?","translation":"هل لم يسبق له أن سقط كصبي وجرح ركبته؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He tried to recall such an incident, but couldn’t.","translation":"حاول أن يتذكر مثل هذا الحادث، لكنه لم يستطع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Then Bepin Babu suddenly thought of Dinesh Mukerji.","translation":"ثم فكر بيبين بابو فجأة في دينيش موخيرجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The man had said that Dinesh was in Ranchi at the same time.","translation":"قال الرجل إن دينيش كان في رانشي في نفس الوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The best thing surely would be to ask him.","translation":"بالتأكيد، أفضل شيء هو أن أسأله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He lived quite near — in Beninandan Street.","translation":"كان يعيش قريبًا جدًا - في شارع بينيناندان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What about going right now?","translation":"ماذا عن الذهاب الآن؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"But then, if he had really never been to Ranchi, what would Dinesh think if Bepin Babu asked for a confirmation?","translation":"ولكن بعد ذلك، إذا لم يسبق له حقًا أن ذهب إلى رانشي، فماذا سيعتقد دينيش إذا طلب بيبين بابو تأكيدًا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"He would probably conclude Bepin Babu was going nuts.","translation":"ربما سيخلص إلى أن بيبين بابو يجن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"No; it would be ridiculous to ask him.","translation":"لا؛ سيكون من السخف أن أسأله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"And he knew how ruthless Dinesh’s sarcasm could be.","translation":"وكان يعرف مدى قسوة سخرية دينيش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sipping a cold drink in his air-conditioned living room, Bepin Babu felt at ease again.","translation":"بينما كان يحتسي مشروبًا باردًا في غرفة المعيشة المكيفة، شعر بيبين بابو بالراحة مرة أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Such a nuisance!","translation":"يا له من إزعاج!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Just because they have nothing else to do, they go about getting into other people’s hair.","translation":"فقط لأنهم ليس لديهم شيء آخر يفعلونه، فإنهم يتدخلون في شؤون الآخرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"After dinner, snuggling in bed with one of the new thrillers, Bepin Babu forgot all about the man in New Market.","translation":"بعد العشاء، بينما كان يتدثر في السرير مع أحد الإثارة الجديدة، نسي بيبين بابو كل شيء عن الرجل في السوق الجديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Next day, in the office, Bepin Babu noticed that with every passing hour, the previous day’s encounter was occupying more and more of his mind.","translation":"في اليوم التالي، في المكتب، لاحظ بيبين بابو أنه مع مرور كل ساعة، كان لقاء اليوم السابق يشغل المزيد والمزيد من ذهنه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The cricket says, “Oh! what will become of me?” When does he say it, and why?","translation":"يقول الجندب: \"يا إلهي! ماذا سيحدث لي؟\" متى يقول ذلك، ولماذا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Find in the poem the lines that mean the same as “Neither a borrower nor a lender be” (Shakespeare).","translation":"ابحث في القصيدة عن الأبيات التي تعني نفس معنى \"لا تكن مقترضًا ولا مقرضًا\" (شكسبير).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What is your opinion of the ant’s principles?","translation":"ما هو رأيك في مبادئ النملة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The ant tells the cricket to “dance the winter away”. Do you think the word ‘dance’ is appropriate here? If so, why?","translation":"تخبر النملة الجن��ب أن \"يرقص الشتاء بعيدًا\". هل تعتقد أن كلمة 'الرقص' مناسبة هنا؟ إذا كان الأمر كذلك، فلماذا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Which lines in the poem express the poet's comment? Read them aloud.","translation":"أي الأبيات في القصيدة تعبر عن تعليق الشاعر؟ اقرأها بصوت عالٍ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Write the comment in your own words.","translation":"اكتب التعليق بكلماتك الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If you know a fable in your own language, narrate it to your classmates.","translation":"إذا كنت تعرف حكاية خرافية بلغتك، فاحكها لزملائك في الفصل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Katchall is an island.","translation":"كاتشال جزيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geography","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is part of the Andaman group of islands.","translation":"إنها جزء من مجموعة جزر أندامان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geography","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Nancowry is an island in the Nicobar group.","translation":"نانكوري جزيرة في مجموعة نيكوبار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geography","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Katchall and Nancowry are more than a hundred miles apart.","translation":"تبعد كاتشال ونانكوري أكثر من مائة ميل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geography","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are to the west of India.","translation":"تقع جزر أندامان ونيكوبار إلى الغرب من الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geography","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Nicobar Islands are to the north of the Andaman Islands.","translation":"تقع جزر نيكوبار إلى الشمال من جزر أندامان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geography","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ignesious was the manager of a cooperative society in Katchall.","translation":"كان إغنيسيوس مديرًا لجمعية تعاونية في كاتشال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"His wife woke him up at 6 a.m. because she felt an earthquake.","translation":"أيقظته زوجته في الساعة السادسة صباحًا لأنها شعرت بزلزال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A tsunami is a very large and powerful wave caused by earthquakes under the sea.","translation":"التسونامي عبارة عن موجة كبيرة جدًا وقوية ناتجة عن الزلازل تحت سطح البحر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"On 26 December 2004, a tsunami hit Thailand and parts of India such as the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the Tamil Nadu coast.","translation":"في 26 ديسمبر 2004، ضرب تسونامي تايلاند وأجزاء من الهند مثل جزر أندامان ونيكوبار، وساحل تاميل نادو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Sanjeev was a policeman, serving in the Katchall island of the Nicobar group of islands.","translation":"كان سانجيف شرطيًا يخدم في جزيرة كاتشال في مجموعة جزر نيكوبار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thirteen year-old Meghna was swept away along with her parents and seventy-seven other people.","translation":"جرفت ميغنا البالغة من العمر ثلاثة عشر عامًا مع والديها وسبعة وسبعين شخصًا آخرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Almas Javed was ten years old.","translation":"كانت ألماز جافيد تبلغ من العمر عشر سنوات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How does Jody’s mother react when she hears that he is going to bring the fawn home?","translation":"كيف تتفاعل والدة جودي عندما تسمع أنه سيحضر الغزال إلى المنزل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Penny said to Jody, “Will you be back before dinner?”","translation":"قالت بيني لجودي: \"هل ستعود قبل العشاء؟\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How did Jody bring the fawn back home?","translation":"كيف أعاد جودي الغزال إلى المنزل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Jody was filled with emotion after he found the fawn.","translation":"امتلأ جودي بالعاطفة بعد أن وجد الغزال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Can you find at least three words or phrases which show how he felt?","translation":"هل يمكنك العثور على ثلاث كلمات أو عبارات على الأقل تظهر كيف شعر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How did the deer drink milk from the gourd?","translation":"كيف شرب الغزال الحليب من القرع؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why didn’t the fawn follow Jody up the steps as he had thought it would?","translation":"لماذا لم يتبع الغزال جودي على الدرج كما كان يعتقد؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Put them into reported speech.","translation":"ضعهم في الكلام المنقول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Do you really want it son?","translation":"هل تريده حقًا يا بني؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He tumbled backward.","translation":"تعثر إلى الخلف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The fawn wobbled after him.","translation":"ترنح الغزال خلفه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He picked it up.","translation":"التقطه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He dipped his fingers in the milk.","translation":"غمس أصابعه في الحليب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It bleated frantically and butted him.","translation":"ثغت بشكل محموم و نطحه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The fawn sucked his fingers.","translation":"مص الغزال أصابعه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He lowered his fingers slowly into the milk.","translation":"خفض أصابعه ببطء في الحليب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It stamped its small hoofs impatiently.","translation":"طبعت حوافرها الصغيرة بضيق صبر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He held his fingers below the level of the milk.","translation":"أمسك بأصابعه أسفل مستوى الحليب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He walked all day.","translation":"مشي طوال اليوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Here are some words from the lesson.","translation":"هنا بعض الكلمات من الدرس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The experience is not merely physical. It is emotional. It is spiritual.","translation":"التجربة ليست جسدية فحسب. إنها عاطفية. إنها روحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Consider a typical climb, towards the summit on the last heights.","translation":"فكر في تسلق نموذجي، نحو القمة في المرتفعات الأخيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You are sharing a rope with another climber.","translation":"أنت تشارك الحبل مع متسلق آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Breathing is difficult. You curse yourself for having let yourself in for this.","translation":"التنفس صعب. أنت تلعن نفسك لأنك سمحت لنفسك بالدخول في هذا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are moments when you feel like going back.","translation":"هناك لحظات تشعر فيها بالرغبة في العودة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"But almost at once you snap out of that mood.","translation":"ولكن على الفور تقريبًا تخرج من تلك الحالة المزاجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There is something in you that does not let you give up the struggle.","translation":"هناك شيء فيك لا يجعلك تستسلم للصراع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Your companion keeps up with you.","translation":"رفيقك يواكبك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"You ask yourself: Is there no end?","translation":"تسأل نفسك: أليس هناك نهاية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"You look at your companion and he looks at you.","translation":"تنظر إلى رفيقك وهو ينظر إليك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"You draw inspiration from each other.","translation":"تستمدان الإلهام من بعضكما البعض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"And then, without first being aware of it, you are at the summit.","translation":"ثم، دون أن تدرك ذلك أولاً، تكون على القمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Looking round from the summit you tell yourself that it was worthwhile.","translation":"بالنظر من القمة، تخبر نفسك أن الأمر كان يستحق العناء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Other silvery peaks appear through the clouds.","translation":"تظهر قمم فضية أخرى من خلال الغيوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Below, you see vast valleys sloping into the distance.","translation":"أدناه، ترى وديانًا شاسعة تنحدر إلى المسافة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is an ennobling, enriching experience to just look down from the summit of a mountain.","translation":"إنها تجربة نبيلة ومثرية لمجرد النظر إلى الأسفل من قمة الجبل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"You bow down and make your obeisance to whichever God you worship.","translation":"تنحني وتقدم الولاء لأي إله تعبده.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The experience of having climbed to the summit changes you completely.","translation":"تجربة تسلق القمة تغيرك تمامًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each man carries within himself his own mountain peak.","translation":"يحمل كل رجل في داخله قمة جبله الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It teaches you much about the world and about yourself.","translation":"إنها تعلمك الكثير عن العالم وعن نفسك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The rain stops. The clouds begin to break up, the sun strikes the hill on my left.","translation":"تتوقف الأمطار. تبدأ الغيوم في الانفراج، تضرب الشمس التل على يساري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A woman is chopping up sticks. I hear the tinkle of cowbells.","translation":"امرأة تقطع العصي. أسمع رنين أجراس الأبقار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In the oak tree, a crow shakes the raindrops from his feathers and caws disconsolately.","translation":"في شجرة البلوط، ينفض الغراب قطرات المطر عن ريشه وينعق بحزن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Water drips from a leaking drainpipe.","translation":"تتقاطر المياه من أنبوب تصريف متسرب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"And suddenly, clean and pure, the song of the whistling thrush emerges like a dark sweet secret from the depths of the ravine.","translation":"وفجأة، نظيفة ونقية، تظهر أغنية السمنة الصفراء كسر حلو مظلم من أعماق الوادي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Endless rain, and a permanent mist.","translation":"أمطار لا نهاية لها، وضباب دائم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We haven’t seen the sun for eight or nine days.","translation":"لم نر الشمس منذ ثمانية أو تسعة أيام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Everything damp and soggy.","translation":"كل شيء رطب ومشبع بالماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Nowhere to go.","translation":"لا مكان للذهاب إليه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Pace the room, look out of the window at a few bobbing umbrellas.","translation":"تمشى في الغرفة، انظر من النافذة إلى عدد قليل من المظلات المتأرجحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The hillsides are lush as late-monsoon flowers begin to appear — wild balsam, dahlias, begonias and ground orchids.","translation":"تكون جوانب التلال خصبة حيث تبدأ أزهار ما بعد الرياح الموسمية في الظهور - البلسم البري، والزنبق، والبيغونيا، وأوركيد الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is the last day of August, and the lush monsoon growth has reached its peak.","translation":"إنه اليوم الأخير من شهر أغسطس، وقد وصل النمو الخصب في موسم الأمطار إلى ذروته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The seeds of the cobra lily are turning red, signifying that the rains are coming to an end.","translation":"تتحول بذور زنبق الكوبرا إلى اللون الأحمر، مما يشير إلى أن الأمطار على وشك الانتهاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In a few days the ferns will start turning yellow, but right now they are still firm, green and upright.","translation":"في غضون أيام قليلة، ستبدأ السرخس في التحول إلى اللون الأصفر، ولكن في الوقت الحالي لا تزال ثابتة وخضراء ومنتصبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ground orchids, mauve lady’s slipper and the white butterfly orchids put on a fashion display on the grassy slopes of Landour.","translation":"تُعرض بساتين الفاكهة الأرضية، ونعل السيدة الأرجواني، وبساتين الفاكهة بيضاء الفراشات عرضًا للأزياء على المنحدرات العشبية في لاندور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Wild dahlias, red, yellow and magenta, rear their heads from the rocky crevices where they have taken hold.","translation":"تُظهر زهور الداليا البرية، الحمراء والصفراء والأرجوانية، رؤوسها من الشقوق الصخرية حيث استقرت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Snakes and rodents, flooded out of their holes and burrows, take shelter in roofs, attics and godowns.","translation":"تأوي الثعابين والقوارض، التي غمرتها الفيضانات من ثقوبها وجحورها، في الأسطح والعليات والمخازن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A shrew, weak of eyesight, blunders about the rooms, much to the amusement of the children.","translation":"تتجول الزبابة، ضعيفة البصر، في الغرف، مما يثير إعجاب الأطفال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“Don’t kill it,” admonishes their grandmother. “ Chuchundars are lucky — they bring money!”","translation":"“لا تقتلوه” ، تنصحهم جدتهم. “تشوتشوندارس محظوظون - إنهم يجلبون المال!”","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"And sure enough, I receive a cheque in the mail. Not a very large one, but welcome all the same.","translation":"وبالفعل، أتلقى شيكًا في البريد. ليس كبيرًا جدًا، ولكنه مرحب به على أي حال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/English-Flamingo-XII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"What could this mean?","translation":"ماذا يمكن أن يعني هذا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Can you think of examples in history where a conquered people had their language taken away from them?","translation":"هل يمكنك التفكير في أمثلة في التاريخ حيث سُلبت لغة شعب مُحتل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What happens to a linguistic minority in a state?","translation":"ماذا يحدث للأقلية اللغوية في الدولة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Is it possible to carry pride in one’s language too far?","translation":"هل من الممكن المبالغة في الاعتزاز باللغة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"English is a language that contains words from many other languages.","translation":"اللغة الإنجليزية هي لغة تحتوي على كلمات من العديد من اللغات الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"linguistics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Find out the origins of the following words: tycoon, barbecue, zero, tulip, verandah, ski, logo, robot, trek, bandicoot.","translation":"اكتشف أصول الكلمات التالية: قطب، شواء، صفر، زنبق، شرفة، تزلج، شعار، روبوت، رحلة، حيوان البانديكوت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"linguistics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The words were startling and unexpected.","translation":"كانت الكلمات مذهلة وغير متوقعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is as if they have the key to the prison as long as they do not lose their language.","translation":"يبدو الأمر كما لو أن لديهم مفتاح السجن طالما أنهم لا يفقدون لغتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You will get to your school early enough.","translation":"ستصل إلى مدرستك في وقت مبكر بما فيه الكفاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"M. Hamel seemed very confident.","translation":"بدا السيد هامل واثقًا جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The whole story is narrated in the past.","translation":"القصة بأكملها مروية في الماضي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Write a notice for your school bulletin board.","translation":"اكتب إشعارًا للوحة إعلانات مدرستك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"school","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Write a paragraph of about 100 words arguing for or against having to study three languages at school.","translation":"اكتب فقرة من حوالي 100 كلمة تناقش فيها ما إذا كنت تؤيد أو تعارض دراسة ثلاث لغات في المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Have you ever changed your opinion about someone or something that you had earlier liked or disliked?","translation":"هل غيرت رأيك يومًا ما بشأن شخص ما أو شيء ما كنت تحبه أو تكرهه في السابق؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Find out about linguistic human rights.","translation":"اكتشف المزيد عن حقوق الإنسان اللغوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What is Saheb looking for in the garbage dumps?","translation":"عماذا يبحث صاحب في أكوام القمامة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Is Saheb happy working at the tea-stall?","translation":"هل صاحب سعيد بالعمل في كشك الشاي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I want to drive a car.","translation":"أريد أن أقود سيارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What makes the city of Firozabad famous?","translation":"ما الذي يجعل مدينة فيروز أباد مشهورة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How is Mukesh’s attitude to his situation different from that of his family?","translation":"كيف يختلف موقف موكيش من وضعه عن موقف عائلته؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The sun was shining brightly, and the birds were singing in the trees.","translation":"كانت الشمس مشرقة، والطيور تغرد في الأشجار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company announced a new product launch next month.","translation":"أعلنت الشركة عن إطلاق منتج جديد الشهر المقبل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Could you please pass me the salt?","translation":"هل يمكنك من فضلك أن تناولي الملح؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The research team is working on a groundbreaking discovery.","translation":"يعمل فريق البحث على اكتشاف رائد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Despite the challenges, they persevered and achieved their goals.","translation":"على الرغم من التحديات، فقد ثابروا وحققوا أهدافهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government implemented new policies to boost the economy.","translation":"نفذت الحكومة سياسات جديدة لتعزيز الاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The complex algorithm processed the data efficiently.","translation":"عالج الخوارزمية المعقدة البيانات بكفاءة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She is a highly skilled professional with years of experience.","translation":"إنها محترفة ماهرة للغاية ولديها سنوات من الخبرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The negotiations reached a stalemate after weeks of discussions.","translation":"وصلت المفاوضات إلى طريق مسدود بعد أسابيع من المناقشات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The philosophical debate explored the nature of consciousness.","translation":"استكشف النقاش الفلسفي طبيعة الوعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The technological advancements have transformed the industry.","translation":"أحدثت التطورات التكنولوجية تحولاً في الصناعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The intricate details of the artwork captivated the audience.","translation":"أسرت التفاصيل المعقدة للعمل الفني الجمهور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The economic downturn had a significant impact on the global market.","translation":"كان للانكماش الاقتصادي تأثير كبير على السوق العالمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The scientific community is still debating the implications of the new findings.","translation":"لا يزال المجتمع العلمي يناقش آثار النتائج الجديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The historical context is crucial for understanding the events.","translation":"السياق التاريخي أمر بالغ الأهمية لفهم الأحداث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company's innovative approach disrupted the traditional market.","translation":"أحدث نهج الشركة المبتكر اضطرابًا في السوق التقليدية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The artist's use of color and light created a stunning effect.","translation":"خلق استخدام الفنان للألوان والضوء تأثيرًا مذهلاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The political landscape is constantly shifting and evolving.","translation":"المشهد السياسي يتغير ويتطور باستمرار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The software update included several bug fixes and performance improvements.","translation":"تضمن تحديث البرنامج العديد من إصلاحات الأخطاء وتحسينات الأداء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The detective meticulously examined the evidence at the crime scene.","translation":"فحص المحقق الأدلة في مسرح الجريمة بدقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"2013 to 2015 more than 100 garbage collectors and scrap buyers in Delhi were interviewed.","translation":"في الفترة من 2013 إلى 2015، تمت مقابلة أكثر من 100 من جامعي القمامة ومشترين الخردة في دلهي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Their families lived in poverty in homes constructed with bamboo and plastic sheets.","translation":"عاشت عائلاتهم في فقر في منازل مبنية من الخيزران وألواح البلاستيك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These temporary structures were their shelters as well as place for sorting scrap into about ten different categories.","translation":"كانت هذه الهياكل المؤقتة مأواهم بالإضافة إلى مكان لفرز الخردة إلى حوالي ع��ر فئات مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Once the garbage is sorted into sacks it is gold to the buyers on the basis of its weight.","translation":"بمجرد فرز القمامة في أكياس، يتم بيعها للمشترين على أساس وزنها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Sadly, the collectors usually are not paid the total amount after buying the scrap.","translation":"للأسف، عادةً لا يحصل جامعي القمامة على المبلغ الإجمالي بعد شراء الخردة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Instead, small payments are made for daily expenses, and the rest is noted down as a deposit.","translation":"بدلاً من ذلك، يتم إجراء مدفوعات صغيرة للمصروفات اليومية، ويتم تسجيل الباقي كوديعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How do you think workers in unorganized sectors can take advantage of digital infrastructure promoted through Digital India Programme?","translation":"كيف تعتقد أن العمال في القطاعات غير المنظمة يمكنهم الاستفادة من البنية التحتية الرقمية التي يتم الترويج لها من خلال برنامج الهند الرقمية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Interview some people working in unorganized sector to collect their views and prepare a report.","translation":"قم بإجراء مقابلات مع بعض الأشخاص الذين يعملون في القطاع غير المنظم لجمع آرائهم وإعداد تقرير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"After graduating with a Bachelors of Arts in English and Economics, he spent two years teaching high school in Yakima.","translation":"بعد تخرجه بدرجة البكالوريوس في الآداب في اللغة الإنجليزية والاقتصاد، أمضى عامين في تدريس المرحلة الثانوية في ياكيما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"However, he got tired of this and decided to pursue a legal career.","translation":"ومع ذلك، سئم من هذا وقرر ممارسة مهنة المحاماة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He met Franklin D. Roosevelt at Yale and became an adviser and friend to the President.","translation":"التقى بفرانكلين دي روزفلت في جامعة ييل وأصبح مستشارًا وصديقًا للرئيس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Douglas was a leading advocate of individual rights.","translation":"كان دوغلاس من المدافعين البارزين عن الحقوق الفردية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He retired in 1975 with a term lasting thirty-six years and remains the longest-serving Justice in the history of the court.","translation":"تقاعد في عام 1975 بعد فترة استمرت ستة وثلاثين عامًا ولا يزال أطول قاضٍ في تاريخ المحكمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It reveals how as a young boy William Douglas nearly drowned in a swimming pool.","translation":"يكشف كيف كاد ويليام دوغلاس أن يغرق في حوض سباحة عندما كان صبيًا صغيرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In this essay he talks about his fear of water and thereafter, how he finally overcame it.","translation":"في هذا المقال، يتحدث عن خوفه من الماء، وكيف تغلّب عليه في النهاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I hated to walk naked into it and show my skinny legs.","translation":"كنت أكره أن أمشي عارياً وأظهر ساقي النحيلتين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"personal","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"But I subdued my pride and did it.","translation":"لكنني قمعت كبريائي وفعلت ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"personal","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My introduction to the Y. M. CA. swimming pool revived unpleasant memories and stirred childish fears.","translation":"أعاد تقديمي إلى حوض السباحة في Y. M. CA. ذكريات غير سارة وأثار مخاوف طفولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"personal","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I was frightened, but not yet frightened out of my wits.","translation":"كنت خائفًا، لكنني لم أفقد صوابي بعد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"personal","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I was suffocating.","translation":"كنت أختنق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"personal","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Gandhi told Shukla he had an appointment in Cawnpore.","translation":"أخبر غاندي شوكلا أن لديه موعدًا في كانبور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Shukla accompanied him everywhere.","translation":"رافقه شوكلا في كل مكان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Shukla followed him to the ashram.","translation":"تبعه شوكلا إلى الأشرم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Impressed by the sharecropper’s tenacity and story Gandhi said, ‘‘I have to be in Calcutta on such-and-such a date.","translation":"أعجب غاندي بصلابة المزارع المستأجر وقصته وقال: \"يجب أن أكون في كلكتا في تاريخ كذا وكذا\".","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Shukla was sitting on his haunches at the appointed spot in Calcutta when Gandhi arrived.","translation":"كان شوكلا يجلس على عقبيه في المكان المحدد في كلكتا عندما وصل غاندي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Then the two of them boarded a train for the city of Patna in Bihar.","translation":"ثم استقل كلاهما قطارًا إلى مدينة باتنا في بيهار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Rajendra Prasad was out of town, but the servants knew Shukla as a poor yeoman who pestered their master to help the indigo sharecroppers.","translation":"كان راجندرا براساد خارج المدينة، لكن الخدم عرفوا شوكلا كفلاح فقير أزعج سيدهم لمساعدة مزارعي النيلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"But Gandhi was not permitted to draw water from the well lest some drops from his bucket pollute the entire source.","translation":"لكن غاندي لم يُسمح له بسحب الماء من البئر خشية أن تلوث بعض القطرات من دلوه المصدر بأكمله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"He accordingly sent a telegram to Professor J. B. Kripalani, of the Arts College in Muzzafarpur.","translation":"وبناءً على ذلك، أرسل برقية إلى البروفيسور ج. ب. كريباني، من كلية الفنون في مظفر بور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Kripalani was waiting at the station with a large body of students.","translation":"كان كريباني ينتظر في المحطة مع حشد كبير من الطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It was an extraordinary thing ‘in those days,’’ Gandhi commented, “for a government professor to harbour a man like me”.","translation":"علق غاندي قائلاً: \"كان هذا شيئًا استثنائيًا في تلك الأيام، بالنسبة لأستاذ حكومي أن يأوي رجلاً مثلي\".","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Sharecroppers from Champaran began arriving on foot and by conveyance to see their champion.","translation":"بدأ مزارعو تشامباران في الوصول سيرًا على الأقدام وبالمركبات لرؤية بطلهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Gandhi chided the lawyers for collecting big fee from the sharecroppers.","translation":"وبخ غاندي المحامين لجمعهم رسومًا كبيرة من المزارعين المستأجرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The landlords compelled all tenants to plant three twentieths or 15 per cent of their holdings with indigo and surrender the entire indigo harvest as rent.","translation":"أجبر ملاك الأراضي جميع المستأجرين على زراعة ثلاثة أعشار أو 15 في المائة من ممتلكاتهم بالنيلي وتسليم محصول النيلي بأكمله كإيجار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Those who resisted, engaged lawyers; the landlords hired thugs.","translation":"أولئك الذين قاوموا، وظفوا محامين؛ استأجر ملاك الأراضي البلطجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At this point Gandhi arrived in Champaran.","translation":"في هذه المرحلة وصل غاندي إلى تشامباران.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The secretary told him that they could give no information to an outsider.","translation":"أخبره السكرتير أنهم لا يستطيعون تقديم أي معلومات لشخص غريب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Gandhi answered that he was no outsider.","translation":"أجاب غاندي أنه ليس غريباً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Gandhi did not leave. Instead he proceeded to Motihari, the capital of Champaran.","translation":"لم يغادر غاندي. وبدلاً من ذلك، توجه إلى موتياري، عاصمة تشامباران.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At the railway station, a vast multitude greeted Gandhi.","translation":"في محطة السكك الحديدية، استقبل حشد كبير غاندي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why did he show the thirty kroner to the peddler?","translation":"لماذا أظهر الثلاثين كرونة للبائع المتجول؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Did the peddler respect the confidence reposed in him by the crofter?","translation":"هل احترم البائع المتجول الثقة التي وضعها فيه المزارع؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Darkness was already descending over the forest.","translation":"كان الظلام ينزل بالفعل على الغابة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Finally he saw no way out, and he sank down on the ground, tired to death, thinking that his last moment had come.","translation":"أخيرًا، لم يرَ مخرجًا، فاستلقى على الأرض، متعبًا حتى الموت، معتقدًا أن لحظته الأخيرة قد حانت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There must be people near by.","translation":"يجب أن يكون هناك أناس بالجوار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Ramsjo Ironworks, which are now closed down, were, not so long ago, a large plant, with smelter, rolling mill, and forge.","translation":"كانت مصانع رامسجو للحديد، التي أغلقت الآن، منذ وقت ليس ببعيد، مصنعًا كبيرًا، يضم مصهرًا ومدحلة ومصنعًا للحدادة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"During one of the long dark evenings just before Christmas, the master smith and his helper sat in the dark forge near the furnace waiting for the pig iron, which had been put in the fire, to be ready to put on the anvil.","translation":"خلال إحدى الأمسيات المظلمة الطويلة قبل عيد الميلاد مباشرة، جلس الحداد الرئيسي ومساعده في المسبك المظلم بالقرب من الفرن في انتظار حديد الخنزير، الذي وضع في النار، ليكون جاهزًا للوضع على السندان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The big bellows groaned and the burning coal cracked.","translation":"تأوه المنفاخ الكبير وتشقق الفحم المشتعل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It was probably on account of all this noise that the blacksmith did not notice that a man had opened the gate and entered the forge, until he stood close up to the furnace.","translation":"ربما كان بسبب كل هذه الضوضاء أن الحداد لم يلاحظ أن رجلاً قد فتح البوابة ودخل المسبك، حتى وقف بالقرب من الفرن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He asked permission to stay, and the master blacksmith nodded a haughty consent without honouring him with a single word.","translation":"طلب الإذن بالبقاء، وأومأ الحداد الرئيسي بموافقة متعجرفة دون تكريمه بكلمة واحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He watched both night and day to see that the work was done as well as possible, and at this very moment he came into the forge on one of his nightly rounds of inspection.","translation":"كان يراقب ليلًا ونهارًا ليرى أن العمل يتم بأفضل ما يمكن، وفي هذه اللحظة بالذات دخل المسبك في إحدى جولاته الليلية للتفتيش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The ironmaster did not follow the example of the blacksmiths, who had hardly deigned to look at the stranger.","translation":"لم يتبع سيد الحديد مثال الحدادين، الذين لم يكلفوا أنفسهم عناء النظر إلى الغريب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"But of course it is you, Nils Olof!","translation":"ولكن بالطبع أنت، نيلس أولوف!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Therefore he did not want to undeceive him all at once.","translation":"لذلك لم يرغب في خداعه دفعة واحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"To go along up to the manor house and be received by the owner like an old regimental comrade — that, however, did not please the tramp.","translation":"الذهاب إلى القصر واستقباله من قبل المالك كرفيق قديم في الفوج - ومع ذلك، هذا لم يرضِ المتشرد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"He thought of the thirty kronor.","translation":"فكر في الثلاثين كرونة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We were just saying that it was too bad we didn’t have any company for Christmas.","translation":"كنا نقول للتو أنه من السيئ أنه ليس لدينا أي شركة لعيد الميلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It looks as though Captain von Stahle preferred to stay with you tonight, Stjernstrom","translation":"يبدو أن الكابتن فون ستال فضل البقاء معك الليلة، ستيرنستروم","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She entered, followed by a valet, carrying on his arm a big fur coat.","translation":"دخلت، يتبعها خادم، يحمل على ذراعه معطفًا كبيرًا من الفرو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The stranger had stretched himself out on the floor and lay with a piece of pig iron under his head and his hat pulled down over his eyes.","translation":"كان الغريب قد تمدد على الأرض واستلقى وقطعة من حديد الخنزير تحت رأسه وقبعته مسحوبة على عينيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"He always had work for somebody — he could never do things on his own.","translation":"كان لديه دائمًا عمل لشخص ما - لم يستطع أبدًا فعل الأشياء بمفرده.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"His sense of loyalty made him identify himself with his principal completely.","translation":"جعله إحساسه بالولاء يتماهى تمامًا مع مديره.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He was tailor-made for films.","translation":"لقد صُنع خصيصًا للأفلام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Here was a man who could be inspired when commanded.","translation":"هذا رجل يمكن أن يستلهم عندما يُؤمر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The producer would say and Subbu would come out with four ways of the rat pouring affection on its victim’s offspring.","translation":"سيقول المنتج وسيخرج سوبو بأربع طرق للفأر وهو يصب المودة على نسل ضحيته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Film-making must have been and was so easy with a man like Subbu around.","translation":"لا بد أن صناعة الأفلام كانت سهلة للغاية مع وجود رجل مثل سوبو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Subbu had a separate identity as a poet.","translation":"كان لسوبو هوية منفصلة كشاعر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"His success in films overshadowed and dwarfed his literary achievements.","translation":"طغت نجاحاته في الأفلام على إنجازاته الأدبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He composed several truly original ‘story poems’ in folk refrain and diction.","translation":"قام بتأليف العديد من 'قصائد القصة' الأصلية حقًا في تكرار وأسلوب شعبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He was an amazing actor — he never aspired to the lead roles.","translation":"كان ممثلاً مذهلاً - لم يطمح أبدًا إلى الأدوار القيادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He had a genuine love for anyone he came across.","translation":"كان لديه حب حقيقي لأي شخص قابله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Such a charitable and improvident man, and yet he had enemies!","translation":"مثل هذا الرجل المحسن والمسرف، ومع ذلك كان لديه أعداء!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Or was it his general demeanour that resembled a sycophant’s?","translation":"أم كان سلوكه العام يشبه سلوك المتملق؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You saw Subbu always with The Boss but in the attendance rolls, he was grouped under a department called the Story Department.","translation":"كنت ترى سوبو دائمًا مع الرئيس ولكن في سجلات الحضور، تم تجميعه تحت قسم ��سمى قسم القصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The lawyer was also officially known as the legal adviser, but everybody referred to him as the opposite.","translation":"كان المحامي معروفًا رسميًا أيضًا بالمستشار القانوني، لكن الجميع أشاروا إليه على أنه العكس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An extremely talented actress, who was also extremely temperamental, once blew over on the sets.","translation":"ممثلة موهوبة للغاية، كانت أيضًا مزاجية للغاية، انفجرت ذات مرة في موقع التصوير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"That was the end of a brief and brilliant acting career.","translation":"كانت تلك هي نهاية مسيرة تمثيلية قصيرة ورائعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Gemini Studios was the favourite haunt of poets.","translation":"كانت استوديوهات الجوزاء هي المكان المفضل للشعراء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It had an excellent mess which supplied good coffee at all times of the day and for most part of the night.","translation":"كان لديها فوضى ممتازة توفر القهوة الجيدة في جميع الأوقات من اليوم وفي معظم أوقات الليل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A Communist was a godless man.","translation":"كان الشيوعي رجلاً ملحداً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He recognized I was right and went on to publish my dissertation as a book.","translation":"أدرك أنني على صواب ومضى في نشر أطروحتي ككتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"academic","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At that point, at the age of 22, I understood scholarly books should be written the way I had done.","translation":"في تلك المرحلة، في سن الثانية والعشرين، فهمت أنه يجب كتابة الكتب الأكاديمية بالطريقة التي اتبعتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"academic","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This is why my essays always have a narrative aspect.","translation":"هذا هو السبب في أن مقالاتي لها دائمًا جانب سردي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I started writing novels by accident.","translation":"بدأت في كتابة الروايات عن طريق الصدفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Novels probably satisfied my taste for narration.","translation":"ربما أشبعت الروايات ذوقي في السرد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Talking about novels, from being a famous academic you went on to becoming spectacularly famous after the publication of The Name of the Rose.","translation":"بالحديث عن الروايات، من كونك أكاديميًا مشهورًا، انتقلت إلى أن أصبحت مشهورًا بشكل مذهل بعد نشر رواية اسم الوردة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"academic","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"You’ve written five novels against many more scholarly works of non-fiction, at least more than 20 of them...","translation":"لقد كتبت خمس روايات مقابل العديد من الأعمال العلمية غير الخيالية، ما لا يقل عن 20 منها...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"academic","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"But ask most people about Umberto Eco and they will say, “Oh, he’s the novelist.”","translation":"لكن اسأل معظم الناس عن أمبرتو إكو سيقولون، “أوه، إنه الروائي.”","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Because I consider myself a university professor who writes novels on Sundays.","translation":"لأنني أعتبر نفسي أستاذًا جامعيًا يكتب الروايات أيام الأحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"academic","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I participate in academic conferences and not meetings of Pen Clubs and writers.","translation":"أشارك في المؤتمرات الأكاديمية وليس في اجتماعات نوادي القلم والكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"academic","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I know that by writing novels, I reach a larger audience.","translation":"أعلم أنه من خلال كتابة الروايات، أصل إلى جمهور أكبر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I cannot expect to have one million readers with stuff on semiotics.","translation":"لا يمكنني أن أتوقع أن يكون لدي مليون قارئ مع مواد عن علم العلامات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"academic","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Name of the Rose is a very serious novel.","translation":"اسم الوردة رواية جادة للغاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It’s a detective yarn at one level but it also delves into metaphysics, theology, and medieval history.","translation":"إنها قصة بوليسية على مستوى ما، لكنها تتعمق أيضًا في الميتافيزيقا واللاهوت والتاريخ في العصور الوسطى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Were you puzzled at all by this?","translation":"هل شعرت بالحيرة إزاء هذا الأمر على الإطلاق؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Consider there are six billion people on this planet.","translation":"ضع في اعتبارك أن هناك ستة مليارات شخص على هذا الكوكب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Name of the Rose sold between 10 and 15 million copies.","translation":"باعت رواية اسم الوردة ما بين 10 و 15 مليون نسخة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"So in a way I reached only a small percentage of readers.","translation":"لذا، بطريقة ما، وصلت إلى نسبة صغيرة فقط من القراء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I myself, at 9 pm after dinner, watch television and want to see either ‘Miami Vice’ or ‘Emergency Room’.","translation":"أنا شخصياً، في الساعة 9 مساءً بعد العشاء، أشاهد التلفزيون وأريد أن أرى إما 'ميامي فايس' أو 'غرفة الطوارئ'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Could the huge success of the novel have anything to do with the fact that it dealt with a period of medieval history that...","translation":"هل يمكن أن يكون للنجاح الهائل للرواية أي علاقة بحقيقة أنها تناولت فترة من التاريخ في العصور الوسطى التي...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"How would you describe the character and temperament of Sophie’s father?","translation":"كيف تصف شخصية والد صوفي وطباعه؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why did Sophie like her brother Geoff more than any other person?","translation":"لماذا أحبت صوفي أخاها جيف أكثر من أي شخص آخر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What socio-economic background did Sophie belong to?","translation":"إلى أي خلفية اجتماعية واقتصادية تنتمي صوفي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sophie’s dreams and disappointments are all in her mind.","translation":"أحلام صوفي وخيبات أملها كلها في ذهنها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why didn’t Sophie want Jansie to know about her story with Danny?","translation":"لماذا لم ترد صوفي أن تعرف جانسي عن قصتها مع داني؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Did Sophie really meet Danny Casey?","translation":"هل قابلت صوفي داني كيسي حقًا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is natural for teenagers to have unrealistic dreams.","translation":"من الطبيعي للمراهقين أن يحلموا بأحلام غير واقعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Words had to be prized out of him like stones out of a ground.","translation":"كانت الكلمات تنتزع منه كما تنتزع الأحجار من الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Sophie felt a tightening in her throat.","translation":"شعرت صوفي بضيق في حلقها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"On Saturday they made their weekly pilgrimage to the United.","translation":"يوم السبت قاموا برحلتهم الأسبوعية إلى يونايتد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She saw... him ghost past the lumbering defenders.","translation":"رأته... يمر كالشبح بجانب المدافعين الضخمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When I leave, I’m going to have a boutique.","translation":"عندما أغادر، سأمتلك متجرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Jansie, linking arms with her along the street, looked doubtful.","translation":"بدت جانسي، وهي تشبك ذراعيها معها في الشارع، متشككة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I’ll find it, Sophie said, staring far down the street.","translation":"سأجده، قالت صوفي، وهي تحدق بعيدًا في الشارع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These are words that are used in an informal way in colloquial speech.","translation":"هذه كلمات تستخدم بطريقة غير رسمية في الكلام العامي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Think of a person who you would like to have as your role- model.","translation":"فكر في شخص تود أن يكون قدوتك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ageing is a natural process; have you ever thought what our elderly parents expect from us?","translation":"الشيخوخة عملية طبيعية؛ هل فكرت يومًا فيما يتوقعه منا آباؤنا المسنون؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Driving from my parent’s home to Cochin last Friday morning, I saw my mother, beside me, doze.","translation":"أثناء القيادة من منزل والدي إلى كوتشين صباح الجمعة الماضية، رأيت أمي، بجانبي، تغفو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What is the kind of pain and ache that the poet feels?","translation":"ما هو نوع الألم والوجع الذي يشعر به الشاعر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What pleasure does a beautiful thing give us?","translation":"ما هي المتعة التي يعطيها لنا الشيء الجميل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}

ar/English-Moments Supplementary Reader-IX_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"She was never far from me.","translation":"لم تكن بعيدة عني أبدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I had rescued her when she was a kitten, and somehow she knew that I was the one responsible for giving her ‘the good life’.","translation":"لقد أنقذتها عندما كانت قطة صغيرة، وبطريقة ما عرفت أنني الشخص المسؤول عن منحها 'الحياة الجيدة'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"My mother kept stoking the fire to keep the house nice and warm.","translation":"أبقت أمي على إشعال النار للحفاظ على المنزل لطيفًا ودافئًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Suddenly, I smelled something strange, and then I noticed it... smoke pouring in through the seams of the ceiling.","translation":"فجأة، شممت رائحة غريبة، ثم لاحظت ذلك... دخان يتسرب من خلال درزات السقف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The smoke began to fill the room so quickly that we could barely see.","translation":"بدأ الدخان يملأ الغرفة بسرعة كبيرة لدرجة أننا بالكاد استطعنا الرؤية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Groping our way to the front door, we all ran out into the front yard.","translation":"نتلمس طريقنا إلى الباب الأمامي، ركضنا جميعًا إلى الفناء الأمامي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"By the time we made our way outside, the whole roof was engulfed in flames and it was spreading quickly.","translation":"بحلول الوقت الذي شقنا فيه طريقنا إلى الخارج، كان السقف بأكمله مغمورًا بالنيران وكان ينتشر بسرعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I ran to the neighbours to call the fire department, while I watched my mother run back into the house.","translation":"ركضت إلى الجيران لطلب الإطفاء، بينما كنت أشاهد أمي تركض عائدة إلى المنزل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"My mother then ran out of the house carrying a small metal box full of important documents.","translation":"ثم ركضت أمي خارج المنزل وهي تحمل صندوقًا معدنيًا صغيرًا مليئًا بالوثائق المهمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She dropped the case on the lawn and, in a crazed state, ran back into the house.","translation":"أسقطت الحقيبة على العشب، وفي حالة جنون، ركضت عائدة إلى المنزل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I knew what she was after.","translation":"كنت أعرف ما الذي تبحث عنه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My father had died when I was young, and I was certain that she was not going to let his pictures and letters go up in flames.","translation":"توفي والدي عندما كنت صغيرًا، وكنت متأكدًا من أنها لن تسمح بصعود صوره ورسائله في ألسنة اللهب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"They were the only things that she had to remember him by.","translation":"كانت هذه الأشياء الوحيدة التي كان عليها أن تتذكره بها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Still I screamed at her, “Mom! No!”","translation":"ما زلت صرخت عليها، “أمي! لا!”","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I was about to run after her when I felt a large hand hold me back.","translation":"كنت على وشك الركض خلفها عندما شعرت بيد كبيرة تعيدني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It was a fireman.","translation":"كان رجل إطفاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I hadn’t even noticed that the street had already filled with fire trucks.","translation":"لم ألاحظ حتى أن الشارع قد امتلأ بالفعل بشاحنات الإطفاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He held on to me while other firefighters ran into the house.","translation":"تمسك بي بينما ركض رجال الإطفاء الآخرون إلى المنزل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He knew that I wasn’t acting very logically and that if he were to let go, I’d run.","translation":"كان يعلم أنني لا أتصرّف بمنطقية وأنه إذا تركني، فسأركض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“It’s all right, they’ll get her,” he said.","translation":"قال: “لا بأس، سيحصلون عليها”.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The king said, “Justice will be done. Don’t worry,” and at once summoned the owner of the house.","translation":"قال الملك: \"سيتحقق العدل. لا تقلق،\" وعلى الفور استدعى صاحب المنزل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He broke in and the wall was weak. It fell on him.","translation":"اقتحم المنزل وكان الجدار ضعيفًا. فسقط عليه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"You have murdered a man. We have to punish you.","translation":"لقد قتلت رجلاً. يجب أن نعاقبك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Lord,” said the helpless merchant, “I didn’t put up the wall. It’s really the fault of the man who built the wall.","translation":"قال التاجر العاجز: \"يا سيدي، لم أبني الجدار. إنها حقًا خطأ الرجل الذي بنى الجدار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The king sent out messengers to bring in the bricklayer who had built the wall.","translation":"أرسل الملك رسلاً لإحضار عامل البناء الذي بنى الجدار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You’ve murdered him. We have to punish you by death.","translation":"لقد قتلته. يجب أن نعاقبك بالإعدام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Please listen to me before you give your orders. It’s true I built this wall and it was no good.","translation":"من فضلك استمع إلي قبل أن تصدر أوامرك. صحيح أنني بنيت هذا الجدار ولم يكن جيدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I remember very well a dancing girl who was going up and down that street all day with her anklets jingling.","translation":"أتذكر جيدًا فتاة راقصة كانت تصعد وتنزل في ذلك الشارع طوال اليوم مع خلخالها الذي يرن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You must get that dancing girl. I know where she lives.","translation":"يجب أن تحضر تلك الفتاة الراقصة. أعرف أين تعيش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The case deepens. We must look into it. It is not easy to judge such complicated cases.","translation":"تتعمق القضية. يجب أن ننظر فيها. ليس من السهل الحكم في مثل هذه القضايا المعقدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The dancing girl, now an old woman, came trembling to the court.","translation":"جاءت الفتاة الراقصة، وهي الآن امرأة عجوز، ترتجف إلى المحكمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"So you did walk up and down, with your anklets jingling. You were young and you distracted him, so he built a bad wall.","translation":"إذن، كنت تسير صعودًا وهبوطًا، مع خلخالك الذي يرن. كنتِ شابة وشتتِ انتباهه، لذلك بنى جدارًا سيئًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You’ve killed an innocent man. You’ll have to be punished.","translation":"لقد قتلت رجلاً بريئًا. يجب أن تعاقب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I had given some gold to the goldsmith to make some jewellery for me.","translation":"كنت قد أعطيت بعض الذهب للصائغ ليصنع لي بعض المجوهرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It’s not my fault, My Lord, it’s the damned goldsmith’s fault.","translation":"ليس خطأي يا سيدي، إنه خطأ الصائغ اللعين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We’ve got the real culprit at last. Get the goldsmith, wherever he is hiding. At once!","translation":"لقد حصلنا على الجاني الحقيقي أخيرًا. أحضروا الصائغ، أينما كان مختبئًا. على الفور!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They had a wedding coming, and they wouldn’t wait. You know how impatient rich men are!","translation":"كان لديهم حفل زفاف قادم، ولم يكونوا مستعدين للانتظار. أنت تعرف مدى نفاد صبر الأغنياء!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Can you name him?","translation":"هل يمكنك تسميته؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Now justice had come full circle, thought the king, back to the merchant.","translation":"الآن عادت العدالة إلى مسارها الكامل، فكر الملك، وعادت إلى التاجر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You’ve inherited everything from that criminal father of yours, his riches as well as his sins.","translation":"لقد ورثت كل شيء من والدك المجرم، ثرواته وكذلك خطاياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Grandmother always fussed when Grandfather brought home some new bird or animal.","translation":"كانت الجدة دائمًا تضطرب عندما أحضر الجد إلى المنزل طائرًا أو حيوانًا جديدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Toto is a baby monkey.","translation":"توتو قرد صغير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He’s clever,” said Grandfather.","translation":"قال الجد: \"إنه ذكي\".","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The walls, which had been covered with some ornamental paper chosen by Grandfather, now stood out as naked brick and plaster.","translation":"الجدران، التي كانت مغطاة بورق زينة اختاره الجد، بدت الآن كأنها من الطوب والجص العاري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Toto was classified a dog by the ticket-collector; and three rupees was the sum handed over as his fare.","translation":"صنف جامع التذاكر توتو على أنه كلب؛ وثلاث روبيات كانت المبلغ الذي تم تسليمه كأجرته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He had fastened on to her long ears with his sharp little teeth.","translation":"لقد علق على أذنيها الطويلتين بأسنانه الصغيرة الحادة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If anyone laughed at him during this performance, Toto’s feelings would be hurt and he would refuse to go on with his bath.","translation":"إذا ضحك عليه أي شخص أثناء هذا الأداء، فستُجرح مشاعر توتو ويرفض الاستمرار في الاستحمام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"One day Toto nearly succeeded in boiling himself alive.","translation":"في أحد الأيام، كاد توتو أن ينجح في غلي نفسه على قيد الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Whenever one of my aunts came near him, he made every effort to get hold of her dress and tear a hole in it.","translation":"كلما اقتربت إحدى عماتي منه، بذل قصارى جهده للإمساك بفستانها وتمزيق ثقب فيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"We were not well-to-do, and could not afford the frequent loss of dishes, clothes, curtains and wallpaper.","translation":"لم نكن ميسورين الحال، ولم نتمكن من تحمل الخسارة المتكررة للأطباق والملابس والستائر وورق الحائط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Mahendra’s job was to keep an eye on the activities at the work site.","translation":"كانت مهمة ماهيندرا هي مراقبة الأنشطة في موقع العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He could weave out endless stories and anecdotes on varied subjects.","translation":"كان بإمكانه نسج قصص وحكايات لا نهاية لها حول مواضيع متنوعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Iswaran also had an amazing capacity to produce vegetables and cooking ingredients, seemingly out of nowhere, in the middle of a desolate landscape with no shops visible for miles around.","translation":"كان لدى إيشاران أيضًا قدرة مذهلة على إنتاج الخضروات ومكونات الطهي، على ما يبدو من العدم، في منتصف مشهد قاحل لا توجد فيه متاجر على بعد أميال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The elephant reached the outskirts of our town; breaking the fences down like matchsticks.","translation":"وصل الفيل إلى ضواحي بلدتنا؛ كسر الأسوار مثل أعواد الثقاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There was not a soul below on the ground.","translation":"لم يكن هناك روح تحت الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Not a day passed without Iswaran recounting some story packed with adventure, horror and suspense.","translation":"لم يمر يوم دون أن يروي إيشاران قصة مليئة بالمغامرة والرعب والتشويق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"He seemed very pleased but, unexpectedly, launched into a most garish account involving the supernatural.","translation":"بدا سعيدًا جدًا، لكنه بدأ بشكل غير متوقع في سرد حساب صارخ للغاية يتضمن الخوارق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"He went on to narrate how he sometimes saw ghosts at night.","translation":"وواصل سرد كيف رأى أشباحًا في بعض الأحيان في الليل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He could not resist the temptation any more.","translation":"لم يستطع مقاومة الإغراء بعد الآن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In the Kingdom of Fools, both the king and the minister were idiots.","translation":"في مملكة الحمقى، كان كل من الملك والوزير من الحمقى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The streets looked as if they were made of silver.","translation":"بدت الشوارع وكأنها مصنوعة من الفضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The poor little swallow grew colder and colder, but he would not leave the Prince, he loved him too well.","translation":"أصبح السنونو الصغير المسكين أكثر برودة وبرودة، لكنه لم يترك الأمير، فقد أحبه كثيرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Death is the brother of Sleep, is he not?","translation":"الموت أخو النوم، أليس كذلك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The ruby has fallen out of his sword, his eyes are gone, and he is golden no longer.","translation":"لقد سقط الياقوت من سيفه، واختفت عيناه، ولم يعد ذهبيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We must really issue a proclamation that birds are not to be allowed to die here.","translation":"يجب علينا حقًا إصدار إعلان بأنه لا يُسمح للطيور بالموت هنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As he is no longer beautiful he is no longer useful.","translation":"بما أنه لم يعد جميلاً، فهو لم يعد مفيدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This broken lead heart will not melt in the furnace.","translation":"هذا القلب الرصاص المكسور لن يذوب في الفرن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Bring me the two most precious things in the city.","translation":"أحضروا لي أثمن شيئين في المدينة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"You have rightly chosen, for in my garden of Paradise this little bird shall sing for ever more and in my city of gold the Happy Prince shall praise me.","translation":"لقد اخترت بحق، لأنه في جنة فردوسي سيغرد هذا الطائر الصغير إلى الأبد، وفي مدينتي الذهبية سيمدحني الأمير السعيد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The cyclone that hit Orissa in October 1999 killed thousands of people and devastated hundreds of villages.","translation":"أودى الإعصار الذي ضرب أوريسا في أكتوبر 1999 بحياة الآلاف من الأشخاص ودمر مئات القرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Heavy and incessant rain filled the darkness, ancient trees were uprooted and crashed to the earth.","translation":"ملأ المطر الغزير والمتواصل الظلام، واقتلعت الأشجار القديمة وتحطمت على الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The angry waters swirled into his friend’s house, neck deep.","translation":"تدفقت المياه الغاضبة إلى منزل صديقه، حتى العنق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The crazed destruction wrought by the cyclone and the surge of the ocean continued for the next thirty-six hours.","translation":"استمر الدمار المجنون الذي أحدثه الإعصار واندفاع المحيط لمدة ستة وثلاثين ساعة أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Bloated animal carcasses and human corpses floated in every direction.","translation":"طفأت جثث الحيوانات المنتفخة وجثث البشر في كل اتجاه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Two coconut trees had fallen on the roof of their house.","translation":"سقطت شجرتان جو�� هند على سطح منزلهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They froze in the cold and incessant rain; the rain water washed away Prashant’s tears.","translation":"تجمدوا في البرد والمطر الغزير؛ غسلت مياه الأمطار دموع برشانت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Prashant was determined to seek out his family without further delay.","translation":"كان برشانت مصممًا على البحث عن عائلته دون مزيد من التأخير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They had to push away many human bodies — men, women, children — and carcasses of dogs, goats and cattle that the current swept against them as they moved ahead.","translation":"كان عليهم أن يدفعوا بعيدًا العديد من الجثث البشرية - رجال ونساء وأطفال - وجثث الكلاب والماعز والماشية التي جرفها التيار ضدهم وهم يتقدمون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"His heart went cold. Where their home once stood, there were only remnants of its roof.","translation":"برد قلبه. حيث كان منزلهم ذات يوم، لم تكن هناك سوى بقايا من سقفه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Johnsy fell very seriously ill in November. She had pneumonia.","translation":"مرضت جونسي بشدة في نوفمبر. كانت مصابة بالتهاب رئوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Curriculum Framework (NCF), 2005, recommends that children’s life at school must be linked to their life outside the school.","translation":"يوصي الإطار الوطني للمناهج (NCF) لعام 2005 بضرورة ربط حياة الأطفال في المدرسة بحياتهم خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This principle marks a departure from the legacy of bookish learning which continues to shape our system and causes a gap between the school, home and community.","translation":"يمثل هذا المبدأ خروجًا عن إرث التعلم المدرسي الذي يستمر في تشكيل نظامنا ويتسبب في فجوة بين المدرسة والمنزل والمجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The syllabi and textbooks developed on the basis of NCF signify an attempt to implement this basic idea.","translation":"تشير المناهج والكتب المدرسية التي تم تطويرها على أساس NCF إلى محاولة لتنفيذ هذه الفكرة الأساسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They also attempt to discourage rote learning and the maintenance of sharp boundaries between different subject areas.","translation":"كما أنها تحاول تثبيط التعلم عن ظهر قلب والحفاظ على حدود صارمة بين مجالات الموضوعات المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We hope these measures will take us significantly further in the direction of a child-centred system of education outlined in the National Policy of Education (1986).","translation":"نأمل أن تأخذنا هذه الإجراءات إلى أبعد من ذلك بكثير في اتجاه نظام تعليمي يركز على الطفل كما هو موضح في السياسة الوطنية للتعليم (1986).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The success of this effort depends on the steps that school principals and teachers will take to encourage children to reflect on their own learning and to pursue imaginative activities and questions.","translation":"يعتمد نجاح هذا الجهد على الخطوات التي سيتخذها مدراء المدارس والمعلمون لتشجيع الأطفال على التفكير في تعلمهم ومتابعة الأنشطة والأسئلة الإبداعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"We must recognise that, given space, time and freedom, children generate new knowledge by engaging with the information passed on to them by adults.","translation":"يجب أن ندرك أنه بالنظر إلى المساحة والوقت والحرية، يولد الأطفال معرفة جديدة من خلال التعامل مع المعلومات التي ينقلها إليهم البالغون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Treating the prescribed textbook as the sole basis of examination is one of the key reasons why other resources and sites of learning are ignored.","translation":"إن التعامل مع الكتاب المدرسي المحدد كأساس وحيد للامتحان هو أحد الأسباب ا��رئيسية وراء تجاهل الموارد ومواقع التعلم الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Inculcating creativity and initiative is possible if we perceive and treat children as participants in learning, not as receivers of a fixed body of knowledge.","translation":"إن غرس الإبداع والمبادرة أمر ممكن إذا أدركنا وعاملنا الأطفال كمشاركين في التعلم، وليس كمستقبلين لمجموعة ثابتة من المعرفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"These aims imply considerable change in school routines and mode of functioning.","translation":"تستلزم هذه الأهداف تغييرًا كبيرًا في الروتين المدرسي وطريقة العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Flexibility in the daily time-table is as necessary as rigour in implementing the annual calendar so that the required number of teaching days are actually devoted to teaching.","translation":"تعتبر المرونة في الجدول الزمني اليومي ضرورية مثل الصرامة في تنفيذ التقويم السنوي بحيث يتم بالفعل تخصيص العدد المطلوب من أيام التدريس للتدريس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The methods used for teaching and evaluation will also determine how effective this book proves for making children’s life at school a happy experience, rather than a source of stress or boredom.","translation":"ستحدد أيضًا الأساليب المستخدمة في التدريس والتقييم مدى فعالية هذا الكتاب في جعل حياة الأطفال في المدرسة تجربة سعيدة، بدلاً من أن تكون مصدرًا للتوتر أو الملل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Syllabus designers have tried to address the problem of curricular burden by restructuring and reorienting knowledge at different stages with greater consideration for child psychology and the time available for teaching.","translation":"حاول مصممو المناهج معالجة مشكلة العبء المنهجي من خلال إعادة هيكلة وتوجيه المعرفة في مراحل مختلفة مع إيلاء اعتبار أكبر لعلم نفس الطفل والوقت المتاح للتدريس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The supplementary reader attempts to enhance this endeavour by giving higher priority and space to opportunities for contemplation and wondering, discussion in small groups, and activities requiring hands-on experience.","translation":"يحاول القارئ التكميلي تعزيز هذا المسعى من خلال إعطاء أولوية ومساحة أكبر لفرص التأمل والتساؤل والمناقشة في مجموعات صغيرة والأنشطة التي تتطلب خبرة عملية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) appreciates the hard work done by the textbook development committee responsible for this book.","translation":"تقدر المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي (NCERT) العمل الشاق الذي قامت به لجنة تطوير الكتب المدرسية المسؤولة عن هذا الكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We wish to thank the Chairperson of the advisory group in languages, Professor Namwar Singh and the Chief Advisor for this book, Professor R. Amritavalli for guiding the work of this committee.","translation":"نود أن نشكر رئيس المجموعة الاستشارية في اللغات، البروفيسور ناموار سينغ والمستشار الرئيسي لهذا الكتاب، البروفيسور ر. أمريتافالي لتوجيه عمل هذه اللجنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Several teachers contributed to the development of this supplementary reader; we are grateful to their principals for making this possible.","translation":"ساهم العديد من المعلمين في تطوير هذا القارئ التكميلي؛ نحن ممتنون لمديريهم لجعل هذا الأمر ممكنًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We are indebted to the institutions and organisations which have generously permitted us to draw upon their resources, materials and personnel.","translation":"نحن مدينون للمؤسسات والمنظمات التي سمحت لنا بسخاء بالاعتماد على مواردها وموادها وموظفيها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We are especially grateful to the members of the National Monitoring Committee, appointed by the Department of Secondary and Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development under the Chairpersonship of Professor Mrinal Miri and Professor G. P. Deshpande for their valuable time and contribution.","translation":"نحن ممتنون بشكل خاص لأعضاء لجنة المراقبة الوطنية، التي عينتها وزارة التربية والتعليم الثانوية والعالية، وزارة تنمية الموارد البشرية برئاسة البروفيسور مرينال ميري والبروفيسور ج. ب. ديشباندي لوقتهم ومساهمتهم القيّمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"As an organisation committed to systemic reform and continuous improvement in the quality of its products, NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions which will enable us to undertake further revision and refinements.","translation":"بصفتها منظمة ملتزمة بالإصلاح النظامي والتحسين المستمر في جودة منتجاتها، ترحب NCERT بالتعليقات والاقتراحات التي ستمكننا من إجراء المزيد من المراجعة والتحسينات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}

ar/English-Poorvi-VI_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Why was Rama Natha angry?","translation":"لماذا غضب راما ناثا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How did Rama Natha and Madhumati create wealth?","translation":"كيف خلق راما ناثا ومادهوماتي الثروة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rama Natha did not ‘give up’ because he wanted to learn about the magic potion.","translation":"لم يستسلم راما ناثا لأنه أراد أن يتعلم عن جرعة السحر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Madhumati was troubled about what her husband did.","translation":"كانت مادهوماتي منزعجة بشأن ما فعله زوجها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The sage wanted to show the right path to Rama Natha.","translation":"أراد الحكيم أن يظهر الطريق الصحيح لراما ناثا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Rama Natha dropped a few drops of water on a copper vessel.","translation":"أسقط راما ناثا بضع قطرات من الماء على وعاء نحاسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How might Rama Natha have felt when nothing happened to the copper vessel?","translation":"كيف كان من الممكن أن يشعر راما ناثا عندما لم يحدث شيء للوعاء النحاسي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What did the sage ask Rama Natha to do to make the magic potion?","translation":"ماذا طلب الحكيم من راما ناثا أن يفعل لصنع جرعة السحر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How could Rama Natha have a big banana plantation after six years?","translation":"كيف يمكن أن يكون لدى راما ناثا مزرعة موز كبيرة بعد ست سنوات؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How did the sage make Rama Natha believe that there is no magic potion?","translation":"كيف جعل الحكيم راما ناثا يعتقد أنه لا توجد جرعة سحرية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There was a farmer who had a huge coconut plantation.","translation":"كان هناك مزارع لديه مزرعة جوز هند ضخمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Every day was difficult but he did not give up.","translation":"كان كل يوم صعبًا لكنه لم يستسلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The farmer felt angry.","translation":"شعر المزارع بالغضب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I ate eight bananas for breakfast today.","translation":"أكلت ثماني موزات على الإفطار اليوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The children submitted their work as soon as the bell rang.","translation":"قدم الأطفال عملهم بمجرد أن رن الجرس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Bunty bhaiya bought a big bunch of bananas.","translation":"اشترى بونتي بهايا مجموعة كبيرة من الموز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What does hard work mean to you?","translation":"ماذا يعني العمل الجاد بالنسبة لك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Give three reasons why you think hard work is important.","translation":"أعط ثلاثة أسباب تجعلك تعتقد أن العمل الجاد مهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Share three ideas you would give to someone who needs to work hard.","translation":"شارك بثلاث أفكار تقدمها لشخص يحتاج إلى العمل بجد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Find out the varieties of bananas which are grown, cultivated and eaten in different parts of India.","translation":"اكتشف أنواع الموز التي تزرع وتزرع وتؤكل في أجزاء مختلفة من الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Oh, hum! What a hard day it has been!","translation":"يا إلهي! يا له من يوم عصيب!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ah, at last, they’ve stopped their chatter!","translation":"آه، أخيرًا، توقفوا عن ثرثرتهم!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What should we do?","translation":"ماذا يجب أن نفعل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What should we name our child?","translation":"ماذا يجب أن نسمي طفلنا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The security guard announced that robbery has been happening in that area.","translation":"أعلن حارس الأمن عن وقوع سرقة في تلك المنطقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He advised everyone to stay safe and the kids to tell the adults as soon as they find anything different.","translation":"نصح الجميع بالحفاظ على سلامتهم والأطفال بإخبار البالغين فور العثور على أي شيء مختلف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They should not forget that safety is the main thing.","translation":"يجب ألا ينسوا أن السلامة هي الشيء الرئيسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He asked them to call 100 when they need immediate help.","translation":"طلب منهم الاتصال بالرقم 100 عندما يحتاجون إلى مساعدة فورية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why do you think it’s important for people to keep their house and themselves safe?","translation":"لماذا تعتقد أنه من المهم للناس الحفاظ على منازلهم وأنفسهم آمنة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I think it’s important because ...","translation":"أعتقد أنه من المهم لأن ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I feel it’s necessary as ...","translation":"أشعر أنه ضروري لأن ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The reason we need to look at safety is ...","translation":"السبب الذي يجعلنا بحاجة إلى النظر في السلامة هو ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I think they should ...","translation":"أعتقد أنه يجب عليهم ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I suppose they could ...","translation":"أفترض أنهم يستطيعون ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They must ...","translation":"يجب عليهم ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How about ...","translation":"ماذا عن ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It might be better to ...","translation":"قد يكون من الأفضل ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My wife and I were about to go to sleep last night when we heard someone ...","translation":"كنت أنا وزوجتي على وشك الذهاب إلى النوم الليلة الماضية عندما سمعنا شخصًا ما ...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What would you do in the following situations. Who will you call if you see fire?","translation":"ماذا ستفعل في المواقف التالية. من ستتصل به إذا رأيت حريقًا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Friends are an important part of our lives.","translation":"الأصدقاء جزء مهم من حياتنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The sun sets in the west every evening.","translation":"تغرب الشمس في الغرب كل مساء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Could you please pass me the salt?","translation":"هل يمكنك من فضلك أن تناولي الملح؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The news reported a major earthquake in the region.","translation":"أفادت الأنباء عن زلزال كبير في المنطقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company is developing new software applications.","translation":"تقوم الشركة بتطوير تطبيقات برمجية جديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She enjoys reading novels and listening to music.","translation":"إنها تستمتع بقراءة الروايات والاستماع إلى الموسيقى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The doctor advised him to take rest.","translation":"نصحه الطبيب بأخذ قسط من الراحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The ancient ruins were a sight to behold.","translation":"كانت الآثار القديمة منظرًا يستحق المشاهدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The algorithm efficiently sorts the data.","translation":"تقوم الخوارزمية بفرز البيانات بكفاءة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Despite the challenges, they persevered.","translation":"على الرغم من التحديات، فقد ثابروا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The conference brought together experts from around the world.","translation":"جمع المؤتمر خبراء من جميع أنحاء العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The complex machinery required careful maintenance.","translation":"تطلبت الآلات المعقدة صيانة دقيقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"He was deeply moved by the performance.","translation":"تأثر بشدة بالأداء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The negotiations reached a stalemate.","translation":"وصلت المفاوضات إلى طريق مسدود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The research findings were groundbreaking.","translation":"كانت نتائج البحث رائدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She is a talented artist with a unique style.","translation":"إنها فنانة موهوبة ذات أسلوب فريد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The economic forecast predicts growth.","translation":"تتوقع التوقعات الاقتصادية النمو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The project faced numerous setbacks.","translation":"واجه المشروع العديد من النكسات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The museum houses a vast collection of artifacts.","translation":"يضم المتحف مجموعة كبيرة من القطع الأثرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government implemented new regulations.","translation":"نفذت الحكومة لوائح جديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The experiment yielded unexpected results.","translation":"أعطت التجربة نتائج غير متوقعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People use neem seed powder to protect stored grains from insects.","translation":"يستخدم الناس مسحوق بذور النيم لحماية الحبوب المخزنة من الحشرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Neem oil is also used in making soaps and toothpaste.","translation":"يستخدم زيت النيم أيضًا في صناعة الصابون ومعجون الأسنان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Furniture made from neem wood is not eaten by termites.","translation":"لا تؤكل الأثاث المصنوع من خشب النيم من قبل النمل الأبيض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Neem also purifies the air.","translation":"كما ينقي النيم الهواء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There are many qualities yet to be discovered.","translation":"هناك العديد من الصفات التي لم يتم اكتشافها بعد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Will you discover them when you grow up?","translation":"هل ستكتشفها عندما تكبر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Thank you for your time today!","translation":"شكرا لك على وقتك اليوم!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Bless you, my child!","translation":"بارك الله فيك يا بني!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How is neem useful to farmers?","translation":"كيف يكون النيم مفيدًا للمزارعين؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mention some of the uses of the neem tree.","translation":"اذكر بعض استخدامات شجرة النيم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Write any two facts that surprised you the most.","translation":"اكتب أي حقيقتين فاجأتك أكثر من غيرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The old man asked Amber to call him Neem Baba because ______________________.","translation":"طلب الرجل العجوز من أمبر أن يناديه نيم بابا لأن ______________________.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Neem seed powder protects crops from ______________________.","translation":"يحمي مسحوق بذور النيم المحاصيل من ______________________.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"______________________ is a cost-effective method to stop mosquitoes from breeding in stagnant water.","translation":"______________________ هي طريقة فعالة من حيث التكلفة لمنع البعوض من التكاثر في المياه الراكدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One reason why doctors advise us to use neem leaves for someone suffering from measles is ______________________.","translation":"أحد الأسباب التي تجعل الأطباء ينصحوننا باستخدام أوراق النيم لشخص يعاني من الحصبة هو ______________________.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why can Neem Baba not remember the year when he was born?","translation":"لماذا لا يستطيع نيم بابا تذكر السنة التي ولد فيها؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Which parts of the neem tree are used to make medicines?","translation":"ما هي أجزاء شجرة النيم التي تستخدم في صنع الأدوية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The leaves whispered in the wind.","translation":"همست الأوراق في مهب الريح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The flowers danced merrily in the breeze.","translation":"رقصت الأزهار بفرح في النسيم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You have read about Neem Baba and learnt many things about the neem tree. Look at the trees in your neighbourhood and write a paragraph about any one tree that you like.","translation":"لقد قرأت عن نيم بابا وتعلمت أشياء كثيرة عن شجرة النيم. انظر إلى الأشجار في منطقتك واكتب فقرة عن أي شجرة تعجبك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"She cares for them just as they are.","translation":"إنها تهتم بهم كما هم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Give one reason why we can say that this poem is a prayer.","translation":"أعطِ سببًا واحدًا يجعلنا نقول أن هذه القصيدة صلاة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why does the speaker ‘want to do more’ for her friend?","translation":"لماذا يرغب المتحدث في 'فعل المزيد' من أجل صديقته؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do you think that the speaker knows about the wishes of her friend? How can we say so?","translation":"هل تعتقد أن المتحدثة تعرف عن رغبات صديقتها؟ كيف يمكننا القول ذلك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Do you also pray for your friend? What do you wish for? Discuss.","translation":"هل تصلي أيضًا من أجل صديقك؟ ماذا تتمنى؟ ناقش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Select the words that are similar to the meaning of being blessed, from those given below.","translation":"اختر الكلمات التي تشبه معنى أن تكون مباركًا، من تلك المعطاة أدناه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Good friends have a lot of qualities. Let us list some.","translation":"الأصدقاء الجيدون لديهم الكثير من الصفات. دعنا نعدد بعضها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My friend is always _____________ to me even when I make a mistake.","translation":"صديقي دائمًا _____________ معي حتى عندما أرتكب خطأ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My friend shares things with me. She is very _____________.","translation":"صديقتي تشاركني الأشياء. إنها _____________ جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My friend is _____________ because he always supports me.","translation":"صديقي _____________ لأنه دائمًا ما يدعمني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My friend never lies. She is an _____________ person.","translation":"صديقي لا يكذب أبدًا. إنها شخص _____________.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My friend and I believe in _____________ for each other.","translation":"أنا وصديقي نؤمن بـ _____________ لبعضنا البعض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Think of any three of your friends. Write three sentences on why you like each one of them.","translation":"فكر في أي ثلاثة من أصدقائك. اكتب ثلاث جمل عن سبب إعجابك بكل واحد منهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What do the two friends purchase and use on the park bench?","translation":"ما الذي يشتريه الصديقان ويستخدمانه على مقعد الحديقة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In pairs, act the role of friends speaking to each other.","translation":"في أزواج، قم بدور الأصدقاء الذين يتحدثون مع بعضهم البعض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Speak about the following situations: A walk in the park","translation":"تحدث عن المواقف التالية: نزهة في الحديقة","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Describe how your friendship with your friend started.","translation":"صف كيف بدأت صداقتك مع صديقك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What do you think is the meaning of these quotations? Share it with your teacher.","translation":"ماذا تعتقد أن معنى هذه الاقتباسات؟ شاركها مع معلمك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Look for some famous quotations on friendship; these can be in your own language too.","translation":"ابحث عن بعض الاقتباسات الشهيرة عن الصداقة؛ يمكن أن تكون هذه بلغتك الأم أيضًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tell your friend that you like spending time with each other.","translation":"أخبر صديقك أنك تحب قضاء الوقت مع بعضكما البعض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He planted more trees whenever they moved to a new city.","translation":"كان يزرع المزيد من الأشجار كلما انتقلوا إلى مدينة جديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He used to plant Peepal and Neem trees as they have many uses.","translation":"اعتاد على زراعة أشجار البيبال والنعيم لأن لها استخدامات عديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Now everyone calls him by that name lovingly.","translation":"الآن يناديه الجميع بهذا الاسم بمحبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We should learn from him and plant more trees.","translation":"يجب أن نتعلم منه ونزرع المزيد من الأشجار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My feathers are bright and they glow.","translation":"ريشي لامعة ومتوهجة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Come with me through the skies so blue.","translation":"تعال معي عبر السماء الزرقاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is known as ‘the Queen of Herbs’ and has many medicinal uses.","translation":"وهي معروفة باسم 'ملكة الأعشاب' ولها استخدامات طبية عديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Studies show that it helps to decrease glucose and cholesterol levels.","translation":"تظهر الدراسات أنها تساعد على تقليل مستويات الجلوكوز والكوليسترول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is commonly used to treat breathing and digestion disorders.","translation":"يشيع استخدامه لعلاج اضطرابات التنفس والهضم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is used as a base for making herbal mouth wash and toothpaste.","translation":"يستخدم كأساس لصنع غسول الفم العشبي ومعجون الأسنان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We can also add Tulsi leaves when we make tea.","translation":"يمكننا أيضًا إضافة أوراق التولسي عندما نصنع الشاي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Prabhat always wanted to win.","translation":"أراد برابها دائمًا الفوز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He felt so good when he won that he never wanted to give up that feeling.","translation":"شعر بالارتياح الشديد عندما فاز لدرجة أنه لم يرغب أبدًا في التخلي عن هذا الشعور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If Prabhat sensed that he would lose a game, he would not play it.","translation":"إذا شعر برابها أنه سيخسر لعبة، فلن يلعبها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A new student joined Prabhat’s school, and his name was Surya.","translation":"انضم طالب جديد إلى مدرسة برابها، وكان اسمه سوريا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Surya was an excellent badminton player.","translation":"كان سوريا لاعب ريشة ممتازًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Prabhat managed to win by cheating.","translation":"ت��كن برابها من الفوز عن طريق الغش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He had won the game but he did not feel as happy as he usually did.","translation":"لقد فاز باللعبة لكنه لم يشعر بالسعادة المعتادة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He enjoyed everything equally.","translation":"لقد استمتع بكل شيء على حد سواء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"You needed to enjoy the game for its own sake.","translation":"كنت بحاجة إلى الاستمتاع باللعبة من أجلها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why did the people look up at the child and stare?","translation":"لماذا نظر الناس إلى الطفل وتحدقوا فيه؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If you looked up and saw that, what feelings would you have?","translation":"إذا نظرت إلى الأعلى ورأيت ذلك، فما هي المشاعر التي ستشعر بها؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If you were the kite carrying the child high up in the air, what would you tell them?","translation":"إذا كنت أنت الطائرة الورقية التي تحمل الطفل عالياً في الهواء، فماذا ستقول لهم؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I love the long yellow tail at the end of my kite.","translation":"أنا أحب الذيل الأصفر الطويل في نهاية طائرتي الورقية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My kite’s cover is pink. The spine is black.","translation":"غطاء طائرتي الورقية وردي. العمود الفقري أسود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My kite line is red too. The tip of my kite has a blue nose.","translation":"خيط طائرتي أحمر أيضًا. طرف طائرتي الورقية له أنف أزرق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Let’s go and fly our pretty kite.","translation":"هيا بنا نطير طائرتنا الجميلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Kite pretty, colourful flying, floating, soaring quickly, happily paper-bird","translation":"طائرة ورقية جميلة، ملونة، تطير، تطفو، تحلق بسرعة، بسعادة، طائر ورقي","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The poet uses the word ‘fly’ and ‘drift’ to tell us about the kite’s movement.","translation":"يستخدم الشاعر كلمتي 'يطير' و 'ينجرف' ليخبرنا عن حركة الطائرة الورقية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Circle the words that match with the ‘drift’ movement.","translation":"ضع دائرة حول الكلمات التي تتوافق مع حركة 'الانحراف'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Study some other words about the kite’s movement and share what type of movement they show.","translation":"ادرس بعض الكلمات الأخرى حول حركة الطائرة الورقية وشارك نوع الحركة التي تظهرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The poet has used expressions like— up in the air; look right down; stay up there; stand and stare","translation":"استخدم الشاعر تعبيرات مثل - في الهواء؛ انظر إلى الأسفل مباشرة؛ ابق هناك؛ قف وتحدق","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Kite Festival is celebrated during the month of June.","translation":"يُحتفل بمهرجان الطائرات الورقية خلال شهر يونيو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The International Kite Festival is named Uttarayan in Eastern India.","translation":"يُسمى مهرجان الطائرات الورقية الدولي باسم أوتارايان في شرق الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"During the Kite Festival, we can see kites of different shapes, sizes and colours.","translation":"خلال مهرجان الطائرات الورقية، يمكننا رؤية طائرات ورقية بأشكال وأحجام وألوان مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In Karnataka, the Tourism Department organises the kite festival every year.","translation":"في ولاية كارناتاكا، تنظم إدارة السياحة مهرجان الطائرات الورقية كل عام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Punjab region celebrates Basant Panchami and Baisakhi by flying kites.","translation":"يحتفل إقليم البنجاب بباسانت بانشامي وبايساخي من خلال إطلاق الطائرات الورقية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People of India also enjoy flying kites on Earth Day.","translation":"يستمتع شعب الهند أيضًا بإطلاق الطائرات الورقية في يوم الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Imagine yourself as a kite.","translation":"تخيل نفسك كطائرة ورقية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The mention of kites exists in ancient Indian texts.","translation":"يوجد ذكر للطائرات الورقية في النصوص الهندية القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The app contains a collection of videos and audio files to teach and support yoga practice.","translation":"يحتوي التطبيق على مجموعة من مقاطع الفيديو والملفات الصوتية لتعليم ودعم ممارسة اليوجا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The aim was to have an easy-to-use and free tool for people across the world to encourage them to practise yoga.","translation":"كان الهدف هو الحصول على أداة سهلة الاستخدام ومجانية للأشخاص في جميع أنحاء العالم لتشجيعهم على ممارسة اليوجا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We can start practicing yoga at any given moment of time.","translation":"يمكننا البدء في ممارسة اليوجا في أي لحظة معينة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We must remember that when we practice yoga asanas (postures), we do not just stretch the body.","translation":"يجب أن نتذكر أنه عندما نمارس وضعيات اليوجا (الوضعية)، فإننا لا نقوم فقط بتمديد الجسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The mind has to be with the body.","translation":"يجب أن يكون العقل مع الجسد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This is the reason why it should be practised without distractions.","translation":"هذا هو السبب في أنه يجب ممارسته دون تشتيت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If each stretch is coordinated with the breath and awareness, our practice will become a yogic practice.","translation":"إذا تم تنسيق كل تمدد مع التنفس والوعي، فستصبح ممارستنا ممارسة يوجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Yoga is a practice that not only improves physical flexibility but also improves mental and leads to a healthier lifestyle.","translation":"اليوجا هي ممارسة لا تحسن المرونة الجسدية فحسب، بل تحسن أيضًا الصحة العقلية وتؤدي إلى نمط حياة أكثر صحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It involves a series of asanas, which increase muscular strength.","translation":"وهي تنطوي على سلسلة من الأساناس، والتي تزيد من قوة العضلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Practicing yoga also leads to a better body and mind balance and reduces body pain such as the lower back.","translation":"كما أن ممارسة اليوجا تؤدي إلى توازن أفضل للجسم والعقل وتقلل من آلام الجسم مثل أسفل الظهر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Moreover, the focus on breathing techniques and meditation makes the mind calm, lessens stress, and improves the quality of sleep.","translation":"علاوة على ذلك، فإن التركيز على تقنيات التنفس والتأمل يجعل العقل هادئًا، ويقلل من التوتر، ويحسن نوعية النوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This helps to adopt a more positive lifestyle.","translation":"هذا يساعد على تبني نمط حياة أكثر إيجابية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What is the aim of yoga?","translation":"ما هو هدف اليوجا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Explain the idea of unity in yoga.","translation":"اشرح فكرة الوحدة في اليوجا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What does the launch of the WHO mYoga app tell us about the importance of yoga?","translation":"ماذا يخبرنا إطلاق تطبيق منظمة الصحة العالمية mYoga عن أهمية اليوجا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Describe one long-term effect that the practice of yoga can have on a person’s qualities.","translation":"صف تأثيرًا واحدًا طويل المدى يمكن أن تحدثه ممارسة اليوجا على صفات الشخص.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The girl sees people at the park doing breathing exercises.","translation":"ترى الفتاة أشخاصًا في الحديقة يمارسون تمارين التنفس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Her grandfather began practising yoga sixteen years ago.","translation":"بدأ جدها في ممارسة اليوجا منذ ستة عشر عامًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The girl practises some easy yoga exercises with her grandfather.","translation":"تمارس الفتاة بعض تمارين اليوجا السهلة مع جدها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The girl practises breathing exercises to relax.","translation":"تمارس الفتاة تمارين التنفس للاسترخاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}

ar/English-Vistas-XII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,120 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"knowledge of the body as if you had made it — anything less than that is murder.","translation":"معرفة الجسد كما لو أنك أنت من صنعه - أي شيء أقل من ذلك هو جريمة قتل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is not quite at the kidney, my friend,\" Sadao murmured.","translation":"ليست في الكلية تمامًا يا صديقي،\" تمتم ساداو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Then quickly, with the cleanest and most precise of incisions, the bullet was out.","translation":"ثم بسرعة، بأكثر الشقوق نظافة ودقة، خرجت الرصاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nevertheless he muttered a few English words.","translation":"ومع ذلك، تمتم بضع كلمات إنجليزية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“Guts,” he muttered, choking. “They got...my guts...”,","translation":"أحشائي،\" تمتم وهو يختنق. \"لقد حصلوا على...أحشائي...\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“Hush,” Sadao said.","translation":"“اهدأ,” قال ساداو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Yes, there was still a pulse so faint, so feeble, but enough, if he wanted the man to live, to give hope.","translation":"نعم، كان لا يزال هناك نبض خافت جدًا، ضعيف جدًا، ولكنه كافٍ، إذا أراد الرجل أن يعيش، لإعطاء الأمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"“But certainly I do not want this man to live,” he thought.","translation":"لكن بالتأكيد لا أريد لهذا الرجل أن يعيش،\" فكر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“No more anesthetic,” he told Hana.","translation":"“لا مزيد من التخدير,” أخبر هانا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The pulse under his fingers fluttered once or twice and then grew stronger.","translation":"رفرف النبض تحت أصابعه مرة أو مرتين ثم أصبح أقوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“This man will live in spite of all,” he said to Hana and sighed.","translation":"“سيعيش هذا الرجل على الرغم من كل شيء,” قال لهانا وتنهد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“Don’t be afraid,” she begged him softly.","translation":"“لا تخف,” توسلت إليه بهدوء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“How come... you speak English...” he gasped.","translation":"“كيف... تتحدث الإنجليزية...” لهث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“I was a long time in America,” she replied.","translation":"“لقد كنت في أمريكا لفترة طويلة,” أجابت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He ate unwillingly, but still he ate.","translation":"أكل على مضض، لكنه أكل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“Now you will soon be strong,” she said, not liking him and yet moved to comfort him.","translation":"“الآن ستكون قويًا قريبًا,” قالت، وهي لا تحبه ومع ذلك تحركت لتهدئته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“Lie down,” Sadao cried. “Do you want to die?”","translation":"“استلقِ,” صرخ ساداو. “هل تريد أن تموت؟”","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“What are you going to do with me?” the boy muttered.","translation":"“ماذا ستفعل بي؟” تمتم الصبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“I do not know myself what I shall do with you,” he said.","translation":"“لا أعرف بنفسي ماذا سأفعل بك,” قال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“I ought of course to give you to the police.","translation":"“يجب علي بالطبع أن أسلمك للشرطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"General murmured and closed his eyes.","translation":"تمتم الجنرال وأغمض عينيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"You will be rewarded.","translation":"ستُكافأ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"His prisoner was gone — safe, doubtless, for he had warned him to wait only for a Korean fishing boat.","translation":"لقد رحل أسيره - آمنًا، بلا شك، لأنه حذره من الانتظار فقط لقارب صيد كور��.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He stood for a moment on the veranda, gazing out to the sea from whence the young man had come that other night.","translation":"وقف لحظة على الشرفة، يحدق في البحر من حيث أتى الشاب في تلك الليلة الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How he had despised the ignorant and dirty old woman who had at last consented to house him in her miserable home!","translation":"كم ازدراء للمرأة العجوز الجاهلة والقذرة التي وافقت أخيرًا على إيوائه في منزلها البائس!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Now he remembered the youthful, haggard face of his prisoner — white and repulsive.","translation":"الآن تذكر الوجه الشاب الشاحب لأسيره - أبيض ومثير للاشمئزاز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I wonder why I could not kill him?","translation":"أتساءل لماذا لم أستطع قتله؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There are moments in life when we have to make hard choices between our roles as private individuals and as citizens with a sense of national loyalty.","translation":"هناك لحظات في الحياة يتعين علينا فيها اتخاذ خيارات صعبة بين أدوارنا كأفراد خاصين وكمواطنين يتمتعون بحس الولاء الوطني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Dr Sadao was compelled by his duty as a doctor to help the enemy soldier.","translation":"أُجبر الدكتور سادو بواجباته كطبيب على مساعدة جندي العدو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What made Hana, his wife, sympathetic to him in the face of open defiance from the domestic staff?","translation":"ما الذي جعل هانا، زوجته، متعاطفة معه في مواجهة التحدي الصارخ من قبل العاملين في المنزل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"How would you explain the reluctance of the soldier to leave the shelter of the doctor’s home even when he knew he couldn’t stay there without risk to the doctor and himself?","translation":"كيف تفسر تردد الجندي في مغادرة مأوى منزل الطبيب حتى عندما علم أنه لا يستطيع البقاء هناك دون تعريض الطبيب ونفسه للخطر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What explains the attitude of the General in the matter of the enemy soldier?","translation":"ما الذي يفسر موقف الجنرال في قضية جندي العدو؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Was it human consideration, lack of national loyalty, dereliction of duty or simply self-absorption?","translation":"هل كان ذلك مراعاة إنسانية، أو نقص في الولاء الوطني، أو إهمال للواجب، أو مجرد انغماس في الذات؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"While hatred against a member of the enemy race is justifiable, especially during wartime, what makes a human being rise above narrow prejudices?","translation":"في حين أن الكراهية ضد عضو في عرق العدو مبررة، خاصة خلال الحرب، فما الذي يجعل الإنسان يسمو فوق التحيزات الضيقة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Do you think the doctor’s final solution to the problem was the best possible one in the circumstances?","translation":"هل تعتقد أن الحل النهائي للطبيب للمشكلة كان الأفضل في ظل هذه الظروف؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Does the story remind you of ‘Birth’ by A. J. Cronin that you read in Snapshots last year?","translation":"هل تذكرك القصة بـ 'الولادة' لأ. ج. كرونين التي قرأتها في Snapshots العام الماضي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What are the similarities?","translation":"ما هي أوجه التشابه؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Is there any film you have seen or novel you have read with a similar theme?","translation":"هل هناك أي فيلم شاهدته أو رواية قرأتها بنفس الموضوع؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mind the apples!","translation":"انتبه للتفاح!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What are you afraid of, boy?","translation":"مما تخاف يا فتى؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Maharaja was thrilled beyond measure when he killed his first tiger.","translation":"شعر المهراجا بإثارة لا توصف عندما قتل أول نمر له.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"But you must be very careful with the hundredth tiger.","translation":"لكن يجب أن تكون حذرًا جدًا مع النمر المائة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Maharaja started out on a tiger hunt.","translation":"بدأ المهراجا في صيد النمور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Maharaja was happy that though he had lost three lakh of rupees, he had managed to retain his kingdom.","translation":"كان المهراجا سعيدًا لأنه على الرغم من أنه خسر ثلاثة لاك من الروبيات، إلا أنه تمكن من الحفاظ على مملكته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Maharaja’s tiger hunts continued to be highly successful.","translation":"استمرت عمليات صيد النمور التي قام بها المهراجا في تحقيق نجاح كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The tiger population became extinct in the forests of Pratibandapuram.","translation":"انقرضت أعداد النمور في غابات براتيباندابورام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Maharaja announced a three-year exemption from all taxes for that village and set out on the hunt at once.","translation":"أعلن المهراجا عن إعفاء لمدة ثلاث سنوات من جميع الضرائب لتلك القرية وانطلق في الصيد على الفور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Maharaja was equally determined.","translation":"كان المهراجا مصمماً بنفس القدر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The dewan went home convinced that if the Maharaja did not find the tiger soon, the results could be catastrophic.","translation":"عاد الديوان إلى منزله مقتنعًا بأنه إذا لم يجد المهراجا النمر قريبًا، فقد تكون النتائج كارثية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Maharaja was overcome with elation.","translation":"غمر المهراجا النشوة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The men realised that the tiger was not dead; the bullet had missed it.","translation":"أدرك الرجال أن النمر لم يمت؛ لقد أخطأته الرصاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Maharaja had had no time to spare for the crown prince.","translation":"لم يكن لدى المهراجا وقت فراغ لولي العهد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The wooden tiger cost only two annas and a quarter.","translation":"كلف النمر الخشبي اثنين فقط من الأنات وربع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"One of those slivers pierced the Maharaja’s right hand.","translation":"اخترق أحد هذه الشظايا يد المهراجا اليمنى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The operation took place.","translation":"تمت العملية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The story is a satire on the conceit of those in power.","translation":"القصة تهكم على غطرسة أصحاب السلطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If you want to know more about the planet’s past, present and future, the Antarctica is the place to go to.","translation":"إذا كنت تريد معرفة المزيد عن ماضي الكوكب وحاضره ومستقبله، فإن القارة القطبية الجنوبية هي المكان المناسب للذهاب إليه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"My journey began 13.09 degrees north of the Equator in Madras, and involved crossing nine time zones, six checkpoints, three bodies of water, and at least as many ecospheres.","translation":"بدأت رحلتي على بعد 13.09 درجة شمال خط الاستواء في مدراس، وتضمنت عبور تسع مناطق زمنية وست نقاط تفتيش وثلاث مسطحات مائية وما لا يقل عن نفس عدد النظم البيئية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"For a sun-worshipping South Indian like myself, two weeks in a place where 90 per cent of the Earth’s total ice volumes are stored is a chilling prospect.","translation":"بالنسبة لشخص يعبد الشمس من جنوب الهند مثلي، فإن قضاء أسبوع��ن في مكان يتم فيه تخزين 90 في المائة من إجمالي حجم الجليد على الأرض هو احتمال مثير للقشعريرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Human civilisations have been around for a paltry 12,000 years — barely a few seconds on the geological clock.","translation":"وجدت الحضارات الإنسانية منذ 12000 عام فقط - بالكاد بضع ثوانٍ على الساعة الجيولوجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"north, but before we did, we were all instructed to climb down the gangplank and walk on the ocean.","translation":"إلى الشمال، ولكن قبل أن نفعل ذلك، طُلب منا جميعًا النزول من اللوح الخشبي والمشي على المحيط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Underneath our feet was a metre-thick ice pack, and underneath that, 180 metres of living, breathing, salt water.","translation":"تحت أقدامنا كانت حزمة جليد سميكة مترًا واحدًا، وتحت ذلك، 180 مترًا من المياه المالحة الحية المتنفسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the periphery Crabeater seals were stretching and sunning themselves on ice floes much like stray dogs will do under the shade of a banyan tree.","translation":"في المحيط، كانت فقمة آكلة السرطان تتمدد وتتشمس على الجليد مثلما تفعل الكلاب الضالة تحت ظل شجرة البانيان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It was nothing short of a revelation: everything does indeed connect.","translation":"لم يكن الأمر سوى كشف: كل شيء يتصل بالفعل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How would it be if Antarctica were to become the warm place that it once used to be?","translation":"كيف سيكون الأمر إذا أصبحت القارة القطبية الجنوبية المكان الدافئ الذي كانت عليه ذات مرة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Will we be around to see it, or would we have gone the way of the dinosaurs, mammoths and woolly rhinos?","translation":"هل سنكون موجودين لرؤيته، أم كنا قد ذهبنا في طريق الديناصورات والماموث ووحيد القرن الصوفي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"But after spending two weeks with a bunch of teenagers who still have the idealism to save the world, all I can say is that a lot can happen in a million years, but what a difference a day makes!","translation":"ولكن بعد قضاء أسبوعين مع مجموعة من المراهقين الذين لا يزال لديهم المثل العليا لإنقاذ العالم، كل ما يمكنني قوله هو أنه يمكن أن يحدث الكثير في مليون سنة، ولكن يا له من فرق يحدثه يوم واحد!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"‘The world’s geological history is trapped in Antarctica.’ How is the study of this region useful to us?","translation":"تاريخ العالم الجيولوجي محاصر في القارة القطبية الجنوبية. كيف تكون دراسة هذه المنطقة مفيدة لنا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What are Geoff Green’s reasons for including high school students in the Students on Ice expedition?","translation":"ما هي أسباب جيف غرين لإدراج طلاب المدارس الثانوية في بعثة الطلاب على الجليد؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"‘Take care of the small things and the big things will take care of themselves.’ What is the relevance of this statement in the context of the Antarctic environment?","translation":"اعتني بالأشياء الصغيرة وستعتني الأشياء الكبيرة بنفسها. ما أهمية هذا البيان في سياق البيئة القطبية الجنوبية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Why is Antarctica the place to go to, to understand the earth’s present, past and future?","translation":"لماذا القارة القطبية الجنوبية هي المكان الذي يجب الذهاب إليه لفهم حاضر الأرض وماضيها ومستقبلها؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An American prisoner of war is washed ashore in a dying state and is found at the doorstep of a Japanese doctor.","translation":"يُغسل أسير حرب أمريكي على الشاطئ في حالة احتضار ويُعثر عليه على عتبة باب طبيب ياباني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Should he save him as a doctor or hand him over to the Army as a patriot?","translation":"هل يجب عليه إنقاذه كطبيب أم تسليمه إلى الجيش كوطني؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Dr Sadao Hoki’s house was built on a spot of the Japanese coast where as a little boy he had often played.","translation":"بُني منزل الدكتور ساداو هوكي في بقعة من الساحل الياباني حيث كان يلعب كثيرًا كصبي صغير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"His father had taken him often to the islands of those seas, and never had he failed to say to the little brave boy at his side, ‘‘Those islands yonder, they are the stepping stones to the future for Japan.’’","translation":"كان والده يأخذه غالبًا إلى جزر تلك البحار، ولم يفشل أبدًا في أن يقول للصبي الشجاع الصغير إلى جانبه، ","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Sadao knew that his education was his father’s chief concern.","translation":"كان ساداو يعلم أن تعليمه كان الشغل الشاغل لوالده.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Because he was perfecting a discovery which would render wounds entirely clean, he had not been sent abroad with the troops.","translation":"لأنه كان يتقن اكتشافًا من شأنه أن يجعل الجروح نظيفة تمامًا، لم يتم إرساله إلى الخارج مع القوات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Clouds were rising from the ocean now. The unexpected warmth of the past few days had at night drawn heavy fog from the cold waves.","translation":"كانت الغيوم تتصاعد من المحيط الآن. أدى الدفء غير المتوقع في الأيام القليلة الماضية في الليل إلى سحب ضباب كثيف من الأمواج الباردة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He had met Hana in America, but he had waited to fall in love with her until he was sure she was Japanese.","translation":"التقى هانا في أمريكا، لكنه انتظر حتى وقع في حبها حتى تأكد من أنها يابانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They were perfectly happy.","translation":"كانوا سعداء تمامًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Maharaja of Pratibandapuram is the hero of this story.","translation":"مهراجا براتيباندابورام هو بطل هذه القصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He may be identified as His Highness Jamedar-General, Khiledar-Major, Sata Vyaghra Samhari, Maharajadhiraja Visva Bhuvana Samrat, Sir Jilani Jung Jung Bahadur, M. A. D., A. C. T. C., or C. R. C.","translation":"يمكن تحديده باسم صاحب السمو جاميدار-جنرال، خيليدار-ماجور، ساتا فياغرا ساماري، مهراجاديراجا فيسفا بوفانا سامرات، السير جيلاني جونغ جونغ بهادور، ماجستير في الآداب، أ. س. ت. س. أو س. ر. س.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Curriculum Framework, 2005, recommends that children's life at school must be linked to their life outside the school.","translation":"يوصي الإطار الوطني للمناهج الدراسية لعام 2005 بربط حياة الأطفال في المدرسة بحياتهم خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This principle marks a departure from the legacy of bookish learning which continues to shape our system and causes a gap between the school, home and community.","translation":"يمثل هذا المبدأ انحرافًا عن إرث التعلم المدرسي الذي يستمر في تشكيل نظامنا ويتسبب في فجوة بين المدرسة والمنزل والمجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The syllabi and textbooks developed on the basis of NCF signify an attempt to implement this basic idea.","translation":"تشير المناهج والكتب المدرسية التي تم تطويرها على أساس الإطار الوطني للمناهج الدراسية إلى محاولة لتنفيذ هذه الفكرة الأساسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They also attempt to discourage rote learning and the maintenance of sharp boundaries between different subject areas.","translation":"كما أنها تحاول تثبيط التعلم عن ظهر قلب والحفاظ على حدود صارمة بين مجالات الموضوعات المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We hope these measures will take us significantly further in the direction of a child-centred system of education outlined in the National Policy on Education (1986).","translation":"نأمل أن تأخذنا هذه الإجراءات إلى أبعد من ذلك بكثير في اتجاه نظام تعليمي يركز على الطفل كما هو موضح في السياسة الوطنية للتعليم (1986).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The success of this effort depends on the steps that school principals and teachers will take to encourage children to reflect on their own learning and to pursue imaginative activities and questions.","translation":"يعتمد نجاح هذا الجهد على الخطوات التي سيتخذها مدراء المدارس والمعلمون لتشجيع الأطفال على التفكير في تعلمهم الخاص ومتابعة الأنشطة والأسئلة الإبداعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"We must recognise that, given space, time and freedom, children generate new knowledge by engaging with the information passed on to them by adults.","translation":"يجب أن ندرك أنه بالنظر إلى المساحة والوقت والحرية، يولد الأطفال معرفة جديدة من خلال التعامل مع المعلومات التي ينقلها إليهم البالغون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Treating the prescribed textbook as the sole basis of examination is one of the key reasons why other resources and sites of learning are ignored.","translation":"إن التعامل مع الكتاب المدرسي المحدد كأساس وحيد للامتحان هو أحد الأسباب الرئيسية لإهمال الموارد ومواقع التعلم الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Inculcating creativity and initiative is possible if we perceive and treat children as participants in learning, not as receivers of a fixed body of knowledge.","translation":"إن غرس الإبداع والمبادرة أمر ممكن إذا أدركنا وعاملنا الأطفال كمشاركين في التعلم، وليس كمستقبلين لمجموعة ثابتة من المعرفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"These aims imply considerable change in school routines and mode of functioning.","translation":"تستلزم هذه الأهداف تغييرًا كبيرًا في الروتين المدرسي وطريقة العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Flexibility in the daily time-table is as necessary as rigour in implementing the annual calendar so that the required number of teaching days are actually devoted to teaching.","translation":"تعتبر المرونة في الجدول الزمني اليومي ضرورية مثل الصرامة في تنفيذ التقويم السنوي بحيث يتم بالفعل تخصيص العدد المطلوب من أيام التدريس للتدريس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The methods used for teaching and evaluation will also determine how effective this textbook proves for making children's life at school a happy experience, rather than a source of stress or boredom.","translation":"ستحدد الأساليب المستخدمة في التدريس والتقييم أيضًا مدى فعالية هذا الكتاب المدرسي في جعل حياة الأطفال في المدرسة تجربة سعيدة، بدلاً من أن تكون مصدرًا للتوتر أو الملل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Syllabus designers have tried to address the problem of curricular burden by restructuring and reorienting knowledge at different stages with greater consideration for child psychology and the time available for teaching.","translation":"حاول مصممو المناهج معالجة مشكلة العبء المنهجي من خلال إعادة هيكلة وتوجيه المعرفة في مراحل مختلفة مع إيلاء المزيد من الاعتبار لعلم نفس الطفل والوقت المتاح للتدريس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Supplementary Reader attempts to enhance this endeavour by giving higher priority and space to opportunities for contemplation and wondering, discussion in small groups, and activities requiring hands-on experience.","translation":"تحاول القارئة التكميلية تعزيز هذا المسعى من خلال إعطاء أولوية ومساحة أكبر لفرص التأمل والتساؤل والمناقشة في مجموعات صغيرة والأنشطة التي تتطلب خبرة عملية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) appreciates the hard work done by the Textbook Development Committee responsible for this book.","translation":"يقدر المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي (NCERT) العمل الشاق الذي قامت به لجنة تطوير الكتب المدرسية المسؤولة عن هذا الكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We wish to thank the Chairperson of the Advisory Committee in Languages, Professor Namwar Singh and the Chief Advisor for this book, Professor Amritavalli for guiding the work of this committee.","translation":"نود أن نشكر رئيس اللجنة الاستشارية للغات، البروفيسور ناموار سينغ والمستشار الرئيسي لهذا الكتاب، البروفيسور أمريتافالي لتوجيه عمل هذه اللجنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Several teachers contributed to the development of this Supplementary Reader; we are grateful to their principals for making this possible.","translation":"ساهم العديد من المعلمين في تطوير هذه القارئة التكميلية؛ نحن ممتنون لمديريهم لجعل هذا ممكنًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We are indebted to the institutions and organisations which have generously permitted us to draw upon their resources, material and personnel.","translation":"نحن مدينون للمؤسسات والمنظمات التي سمحت لنا بسخاء بالاعتماد على مواردها وموادها وموظفيها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What is it that draws Derry towards Mr Lamb inspite of himself?","translation":"ما الذي يجذب ديري نحو السيد لامب على الرغم من نفسه؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In which section of the play does Mr Lamb display signs of loneliness and disappointment?","translation":"في أي جزء من المسرحية يظهر السيد لامب علامات الوحدة وخيبة الأمل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What are the ways in which Mr Lamb tries to overcome these feelings?","translation":"ما هي الطرق التي يحاول بها السيد لامب التغلب على هذه المشاعر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The actual pain or inconvenience caused by a physical impairment is often much less than the sense of alienation felt by the person with disabilities.","translation":"غالبًا ما يكون الألم الفعلي أو الإزعاج الناجم عن الإعاقة الجسدية أقل بكثير من الشعور بالعزلة الذي يشعر به الشخص المصاب بالإعاقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What is the kind of behaviour that the person expects from others?","translation":"ما هو نوع السلوك الذي يتوقعه الشخص من الآخرين؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Will Derry get back to his old seclusion or will Mr Lamb’s brief association effect a change in the kind of life he will lead in the future?","translation":"هل سيعود ديري إلى عزلته القديمة أم أن ارتباط السيد لامب القصير سيحدث تغييرًا في نوع الحياة التي سيعيشها في المستقبل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"How about... using your imagination to suggest another ending to the above story.","translation":"ماذا عن... استخدام خيالك لاقتراح نهاية أخرى للقصة أعلاه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This unit presents autobiographical episodes from the lives of two women from marginalised communities who look back on their childhood, and reflect on their relationship with the mainstream culture.","translation":"تقدم هذه الوحدة حلقات سيرة ذاتية من حياة امرأتين من مجتمعات مهمشة تنظران إلى طفولتهما وتعكسان علاقتهما بالثقافة السائدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The first account is by an American Indian woman born in the late nineteenth century; the second is by a contemporary Tamil Dalit writer.","translation":"الرواية الأولى لامرأة هندية أمريكية ولدت في أواخر القرن التاسع عشر؛ والثانية لكاتبة تامل داليت معاصرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As a writer, she adopted the pen name ‘Zitkala-Sa’ and in 1900 began publishing articles criticising the Carlisle Indian school.","translation":"بصفتها كاتبة، تبنت اسم القلم 'Zitkala-Sa' وفي عام 1900 بدأت في نشر مقالات تنتقد مدرسة كارلايل الهندية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Her works criticised dogma, and her life as a Native American woman was dedicated against the evils of oppression.","translation":"انتقدت أعمالها العقيدة، وكانت حياتها كامرأة أمريكية أصلية مكرسة ضد شرور القمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Bama is the pen-name of a Tamil Dalit woman from a Roman Catholic family.","translation":"باما هو الاسم المستعار لامرأة تامل داليت من عائلة كاثوليكية رومانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The first day in the land of apples was a bitter-cold one; for the snow still covered the ground, and the trees were bare.","translation":"كان اليوم الأول في أرض التفاح يومًا باردًا مريرًا؛ لأن الثلج لا يزال يغطي الأرض، وكانت الأشجار عارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A large bell rang for breakfast, its loud metallic voice crashing through the belfry overhead and into our sensitive ears.","translation":"رن جرس كبير لتناول الإفطار، وصوته المعدني الصاخب يقتحم برج الجرس أعلاه وفي آذاننا الحساسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The annoying clatter of shoes on bare floors gave us no peace.","translation":"لم يمنحنا صوت صرير الأحذية المزعج على الأرضيات العارية أي سلام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I felt like sinking to the floor, for my blanket had been stripped from my shoulders.","translation":"شعرت وكأنني أغرق في الأرض، لأن بطانيتي قد انتزعت من كتفي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I watched for the three young braves who came in our party.","translation":"راقبت ثلاثة شبان شجعان جاءوا في مجموعتنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I began crying instead, for by this time I was afraid to venture anything more.","translation":"بدأت في البكاء بدلاً من ذلك، لأنه بحلول هذا الوقت كنت خائفًا من المغامرة بأي شيء آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Our mothers had taught us that only unskilled warriors who were captured had their hair shingled by the enemy.","translation":"علمتنا أمهاتنا أنه فقط المحاربون غير المهرة الذين تم أسرهم كان شعرهم مقصوصًا من قبل العدو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"I cried aloud, shaking my head all the while until I felt the cold blades of the scissors against my neck, and heard them gnaw off one of my thick braids.","translation":"صرخت بصوت عالٍ، وهززت رأسي طوال الوقت حتى شعرت بشفرات المقص الباردة على رقبتي، وسمعتهم يقضمون إحدى ضفائري السميكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}

ar/Financial-Accounting-II-XI_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,161 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"The closing stock represents the cost of unsold goods at the end of the accounting period.","translation":"يمثل المخزون الختامي تكلفة البضائع غير المباعة في نهاية الفترة المحاسبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Adjustments are helpful in preparing financial statements to reflect true profit and loss.","translation":"تساعد التعديلات في إعداد البيانات المالية لعكس الربح والخسارة الحقيقيين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The closing stock is credited to the trading and profit and loss account.","translation":"يُضاف المخزون الختامي إلى حساب التداول والأرباح والخسائر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Closing stock is shown on the asset side of the balance sheet.","translation":"يظهر المخزون الختامي في جانب الأصول من الميزانية العمومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The closing stock of the year becomes the opening stock of the next year.","translation":"يصبح المخزون الختامي للسنة هو المخزون الافتتاحي للسنة التالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Outstanding expenses are unpaid expenses at the end of an accounting year.","translation":"المصروفات المستحقة هي مصروفات غير مدفوعة في نهاية السنة المحاسبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Outstanding expenses should be charged against revenue for correct profit calculation.","translation":"يجب خصم المصروفات المستحقة من الإيرادات لحساب الربح بشكل صحيح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Wages are a common example of outstanding expenses.","translation":"الأجور مثال شائع على المصروفات المستحقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Prepaid expenses are paid in advance but benefits are received later.","translation":"المصروفات المدفوعة مقدماً هي التي يتم دفعها مقدماً ولكن يتم الحصول على الفوائد منها لاحقاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Prepaid expenses are carried forward to the next year.","translation":"يتم ترحيل المصروفات المدفوعة مقدماً إلى السنة التالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Prepaid expenses are deducted from the total expense.","translation":"تُخصم المصروفات المدفوعة مقدماً من إجمالي المصروفات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Accrued income is income earned but not yet received.","translation":"الإيرادات المستحقة هي الإيرادات المكتسبة ولكن لم يتم استلامها بعد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Accrued income is added to the related income in the profit and loss account.","translation":"تُضاف الإيرادات المستحقة إلى الإيرادات ذات الصلة في حساب الأرباح والخسائر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Commission earned but not yet received is an example of accrued income.","translation":"العمولة المكتسبة ولكن لم يتم استلامها بعد هي مثال على الإيرادات المستحقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Income received in advance is income received but not belonging to the current period.","translation":"الإيرادات المستلمة مقدماً هي الإيرادات المستلمة ولكنها لا تنتمي إلى الفترة الحالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Income received in advance is shown as a liability in the balance sheet.","translation":"تظهر الإيرادات المستلمة مقدماً كالتزام في الميزانية العمومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Depreciation is the decline in the value of assets.","translation":"الاستهلاك هو انخفاض في قيمة الأصول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Depreciation is treated as a business expense.","translation":"يُعامل الاستهلاك كمصروف تجاري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Bad debts are amounts that cannot be realized from debtors.","translation":"الديون المعدومة هي المبالغ التي لا يمكن تحصيلها من ا��مدينين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Provision for doubtful debts is an estimate of potential bad debts.","translation":"مخصص الديون المشكوك فيها هو تقدير للديون المعدومة المحتملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Direct expenses are those costs directly related to the production or purchase of goods.","translation":"المصروفات المباشرة هي تلك التكاليف المرتبطة مباشرة بإنتاج أو شراء البضائع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Wages, factory lighting, and carriage inwards are examples of direct expenses.","translation":"الأجور، وإضاءة المصنع، ونقل البضائع إلى الداخل هي أمثلة على المصروفات المباشرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Indirect expenses, such as salaries and rent, are not directly tied to production.","translation":"المصروفات غير المباشرة، مثل الرواتب والإيجار، ليست مرتبطة مباشرة بالإنتاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The difference between sales and the sum of purchases and direct expenses is gross profit.","translation":"الفرق بين المبيعات ومجموع المشتريات والمصروفات المباشرة هو الربح الإجمالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If purchases and direct expenses exceed sales, the result is a gross loss.","translation":"إذا تجاوزت المشتريات والمصروفات المباشرة المبيعات، تكون النتيجة خسارة إجمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The profit and loss account summarizes indirect expenses and revenues.","translation":"يلخص حساب الأرباح والخسائر المصروفات والإيرادات غير المباشرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Net profit is calculated by subtracting indirect expenses from gross profit plus other incomes.","translation":"يتم احتساب صافي الربح عن طريق طرح المصروفات غير المباشرة من الربح الإجمالي بالإضافة إلى الإيرادات الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Net profit or loss is transferred to the capital account in the balance sheet.","translation":"يتم تحويل صافي الربح أو الخسارة إلى حساب رأس المال في الميزانية العمومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The trading account shows the gross profit or loss from business operations.","translation":"يوضح حساب المتاجرة الربح الإجمالي أو الخسارة من العمليات التجارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet presents a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time.","translation":"تعرض الميزانية العمومية أصول الشركة وخصومها وحقوق الملكية في نقطة زمنية محددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Current assets are expected to be converted into cash within a year.","translation":"من المتوقع تحويل الأصول المتداولة إلى نقدية في غضون عام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Examples of current assets include cash, accounts receivable, and inventory.","translation":"تشمل أمثلة الأصول المتداولة النقدية والحسابات المدينة والمخزون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Current liabilities are obligations due within one year.","translation":"الخصوم المتداولة هي الالتزامات المستحقة في غضون عام واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Fixed assets are long-term assets used in the business.","translation":"الأصول الثابتة هي أصول طويلة الأجل مستخدمة في العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Intangible assets, such as goodwill and patents, lack physical substance.","translation":"الأصول غير الملموسة، مثل الشهرة وبراءات الاختراع، تفتقر إلى المادة المادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Investments represent funds invested in securities or other assets.","translation":"تمثل الاستثمارات الأموال المستثمرة في الأوراق المالية أو الأصول الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Long-term liabilities are obligations due beyond one year.","translation":"الخصوم طويلة الأجل هي الالتزامات المستحقة بعد أكثر من عام واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Capital represents the owners' stake in the business.","translation":"يمثل رأس المال حصة المالكين في العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet can be arranged in order of liquidity or permanence.","translation":"يمكن ترتيب الميزانية العمومية حسب ترتيب السيولة أو الديمومة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Grouping assets and liabilities involves categorizing similar items under common headings.","translation":"يتضمن تجميع الأصول والخصوم تصنيف العناصر المتشابهة تحت عناوين مشتركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Financial statements are crucial for understanding a company's performance.","translation":"البيانات المالية ضرورية لفهم أداء الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Stakeholders rely on financial statements to make informed decisions.","translation":"يعتمد أصحاب المصلحة على البيانات المالية لاتخاذ قرارات مستنيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet provides a snapshot of a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time.","translation":"توفر الميزانية العمومية لمحة عن أصول الشركة وخصومها وحقوق الملكية في نقطة زمنية محددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Revenue expenditure benefits only the current accounting period.","translation":"تفيد المصروفات الإيرادية الفترة المحاسبية الحالية فقط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Capital expenditure, on the other hand, provides benefits over multiple accounting periods.","translation":"من ناحية أخرى، توفر المصروفات الرأسمالية فوائد على مدى فترات محاسبية متعددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The profit and loss account summarizes a company's revenues and expenses over a period.","translation":"يلخص حساب الأرباح والخسائر إيرادات الشركة ومصروفاتها على مدى فترة زمنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Depreciation is the systematic allocation of the cost of an asset over its useful life.","translation":"الاستهلاك هو التخصيص المنتظم لتكلفة الأصل على مدى عمره الإنتاجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Understanding the difference between capital and revenue items is essential for accurate financial reporting.","translation":"يعد فهم الفرق بين البنود الرأسمالية والإيرادية أمرًا ضروريًا لإعداد تقارير مالية دقيقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The trial balance ensures that the debit and credit sides of the accounting equation are equal.","translation":"تضمن ميزان المراجعة تساوي جانبي المدين والدائن للمعادلة المحاسبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Financial accounting helps businesses communicate information to stakeholders.","translation":"تساعد المحاسبة المالية الشركات على توصيل المعلومات إلى أصحاب المصلحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The government is an external stakeholder interested in the business's profitability.","translation":"الحكومة هي صاحب مصلحة خارجي مهتم بربحية الشركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Banks assess the safety of their principal and the likelihood of receiving interest payments.","translation":"تقوم البنوك بتقييم أمان رأس مالها واحتمالية تلقي مدفوعات الفائدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Internal users, such as managers, need financial statements to evaluate performance.","translation":"يحتاج المستخدمون الداخليون، مثل المديرين، إلى البيانات المالية لتقييم الأداء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Prospective owners use financial statements to assess potential investments.","translation":"يستخدم أصحاب الملكي�� المحتملون البيانات المالية لتقييم الاستثمارات المحتملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The opening entry is the first journal entry recorded in a new accounting period.","translation":"القيد الافتتاحي هو أول قيد يومية يتم تسجيله في فترة محاسبية جديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The accounting process begins with journalizing and ends with the preparation of financial statements.","translation":"تبدأ العملية المحاسبية بتسجيل اليومية وتنتهي بإعداد البيانات المالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A company's financial position is reflected in its balance sheet.","translation":"تنعكس الوضع المالي للشركة في ميزانيتها العمومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The trading account determines the gross profit or loss.","translation":"يحدد حساب المتاجرة الربح الإجمالي أو الخسارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Net profit is calculated after deducting all expenses from revenues.","translation":"يتم احتساب صافي الربح بعد خصم جميع المصروفات من الإيرادات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Financial statements provide a true and fair view of a company's performance and position.","translation":"توفر البيانات المالية رؤية صادقة وعادلة لأداء الشركة ووضعها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"To Provision for discount on debtors A/c 227 This will reduce the current year profit by ` 227 on account of probable discount on prompt payment.","translation":"لتوفير خصم على حساب المدينين 227، سيؤدي هذا إلى تقليل أرباح العام الحالي بمقدار ` 227 بسبب الخصم المحتمل على الدفع الفوري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the balance sheet, it will be shown as a deduction from the debtors account to portray correctly the expected realiable value of debtors as ` 12,123.","translation":"في الميزانية العمومية، سيتم إظهارها كخصم من حساب المدينين لإظهار القيمة الحقيقية المتوقعة للمدينين بشكل صحيح على أنها ` 12,123.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Trading and Profit and Loss Account of Ankit for the year ended March 31, 2017 Dr. Cr.","translation":"حساب الأرباح والخسائر لشركة Ankit للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2017 د. كر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Expenses/Losses Amount Revenues/Gains Amount ` `","translation":"المصروفات/الخسائر المبلغ الإيرادات/المكاسب المبلغ ` `","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Purchases 75,000 Sales 1,25,000","translation":"المشتريات 75,000 المبيعات 1,25,000","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Wages 8,000 Closing stock 15,000","translation":"الأجور 8,000 المخزون الختامي 15,000","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Add Outstanding wages (500 ) 8,500 Gross profit c/d 56,500","translation":"إضافة أجور مستحقة (500) 8,500 إجمالي الربح ج/د 56,500","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Salaries 25,000 Gross profit b/d 56,500","translation":"الرواتب 25,000 إجمالي الربح ب/د 56,500","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Less Prepaid salary (5,000 ) 20,000 Rent of building 13,000","translation":"ناقص الراتب المدفوع مقدما (5,000) 20,000 إيجار المبنى 13,000","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Commission received 5,000 Add Accrued 1,500 6,500","translation":"العمولة المستلمة 5,000 إضافة مستحقة 1,500 6,500","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Depreciation–Furniture 1,500 commission Bad debts 4,500","translation":"إهلاك – الأثاث 1,500 عمولة ديون معدومة 4,500","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Add Further bad debts 2,500 7,000 Provision for doubtful debts 650","translation":"إضافة المزيد من الديون المعدومة 2,500 7,000 مخصص للديون المشكوك فيها 650","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Provision for discount on debtors 227 Net profit (transferred to 20,623 Ankit’s capital account)","translation":"مخص�� لخصم على المدينين 227 صافي الربح (محول إلى 20,623 حساب رأس مال أنكيت)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Balance Sheet of Ankit as on March 31, 2017 Liabilities Amount Assets Amount ` `","translation":"الميزانية العمومية لشركة Ankit في 31 مارس 2017 المطلوبات المبلغ الأصول المبلغ ` `","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Owners Funds Non­Current Assets Capital 12,000 Furniture 15,000","translation":"أموال المالكين الأصول غير الجارية رأس المال 12,000 الأثاث 15,000","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Add Net profit 20,623 32,623 Less Depreciation (1,500 ) 13,500","translation":"إضافة صافي الربح 20,623 32,623 ناقص الإهلاك (1,500) 13,500","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Non­Current Liabilities Current Assets Long-term loan 5,000 Debtors 15,500","translation":"الخصوم غير الجارية الأصول المتداولة قرض طويل الأجل 5,000 المدينون 15,500","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Less Further 2,500 bad debts 13,000 Less Provision for doubtful 650 debts 12,350","translation":"ناقص المزيد من الديون المعدومة 2,500 13,000 ناقص مخصص للديون المشكوك فيها 650 ديون 12,350","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Less Provision for discount on debtors (227 ) 12,123 Current Liabilities & Provisions Prepaid salary 5,000","translation":"ناقص مخصص لخصم على المدينين (227) 12,123 الخصوم والاحتياطيات المتداولة الراتب المدفوع مقدما 5,000","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Creditors 15,000 Accrued commission 1,500 Bank 5,000","translation":"الدائنون 15,000 العمولة المستحقة 1,500 البنك 5,000","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company's financial performance improved significantly this quarter.","translation":"تحسنت الأداء المالي للشركة بشكل كبير هذا الربع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Can you please provide me with the latest sales figures?","translation":"هل يمكنك تزويدي بأحدث أرقام المبيعات من فضلك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The new accounting software streamlined our reporting process.","translation":"عمل برنامج المحاسبة الجديد على تبسيط عملية إعداد التقارير لدينا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We need to analyze the market trends before making any investment decisions.","translation":"نحن بحاجة إلى تحليل اتجاهات السوق قبل اتخاذ أي قرارات استثمارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The stock market experienced a sudden downturn due to global economic concerns.","translation":"شهد سوق الأسهم انخفاضًا مفاجئًا بسبب المخاوف الاقتصادية العالمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Please review the balance sheet and income statement.","translation":"يرجى مراجعة الميزانية العمومية وبيان الدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company is planning to expand its operations into new markets.","translation":"تخطط الشركة لتوسيع عملياتها في أسواق جديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The auditor found some discrepancies in the financial records.","translation":"وجد المدقق بعض التناقضات في السجلات المالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Could you send me the invoice for the services rendered?","translation":"هل يمكنك إرسال فاتورة الخدمات المقدمة لي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The interest rate on the loan is quite high.","translation":"معدل الفائدة على القرض مرتفع للغاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company's revenue increased by 15% year-over-year.","translation":"ارتفعت إيرادات الشركة بنسبة 15٪ على أساس سنوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We need to cut costs to improve our profitability.","translation":"نحن بحاجة إلى خفض التكاليف لتحسين ربحيتنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The financial report is due next week.","translation":"التقرير المالي مستحق الأسبوع المقبل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company is facing a cash flow problem.","translation":"تواجه الشركة مشكلة في التدفق النقدي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The investment yielded a good return.","translation":"أثمر الاستثمار عائدًا جيدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The budget for the project has been approved.","translation":"تمت الموافقة على ميزانية المشروع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company's debt-to-equity ratio is a concern.","translation":"نسبة الدين إلى حقوق الملكية للشركة تثير القلق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The tax season is approaching.","translation":"موسم الضرائب يقترب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company is considering a merger with another firm.","translation":"تدرس الشركة الاندماج مع شركة أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The financial statements must comply with GAAP.","translation":"يجب أن تتوافق البيانات المالية مع مبادئ المحاسبة المقبولة عمومًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"How is the amount for provision for doubtful debts calculated?","translation":"كيف يتم حساب مبلغ مخصص الديون المشكوك فيها؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Prepare a trading and profit and loss account for the year ending March 31, 2017.","translation":"أعد حسابًا تجاريًا وحساب أرباح وخسائر للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2017.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Also prepare a balance sheet at the end of the year.","translation":"أعد أيضًا ميزانية عمومية في نهاية العام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Show the treatment of prepaid expenses depreciation, closing stock at the time of preparation of final accounts.","translation":"أظهر معالجة المصروفات المدفوعة مقدمًا والإهلاك والمخزون الختامي وقت إعداد الحسابات الختامية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"When given inside the trial balance?","translation":"عندما تعطى داخل ميزان المراجعة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"When given outside the trial balance?","translation":"عندما تعطى خارج ميزان المراجعة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Prepare a trading and profit and loss account of M/s Green Club Ltd. for the year ending March 31, 2017.","translation":"أعد حسابًا تجاريًا وحساب أرباح وخسائر لشركة Green Club Ltd. للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2017.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"From the following figures taken from his trial balance:","translation":"من الأرقام التالية المأخوذة من ميزان المراجعة الخاص به:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Depreciation charged on machinery @ 5% p.a.","translation":"الإهلاك المحمل على الآلات @ 5٪ سنويًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Further bad debts `1,500, discount on debtors @ 5% and make a provision on debtors @ 6%.","translation":"ديون معدومة إضافية `1,500، خصم على المدينين @ 5٪ وتقديم مخصص على المدينين @ 6٪.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Prepare a trading and profit and loss account and a balance sheet as on March 31, 2017.","translation":"أعد حسابًا تجاريًا وحساب أرباح وخسائر وميزانية عمومية في 31 مارس 2017.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Further bad debts ` 1,000. Discount on debtors ` 500 and make a provision on debtors @ 5%.","translation":"ديون معدومة إضافية `1,000. خصم على المدينين `500 وتقديم مخصص على المدينين @ 5٪.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"From the following Trial Balance you are required to prepare trading and profit and loss account for the year ending March 31, 2017 and Balance Sheet on that date.","translation":"من ميزان المراجعة التالي، يُطلب منك إعداد حساب تجاري وحساب أرباح وخسائر للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2017 والميزانية العمومية في ذلك التاريخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Closing stock valued at ` 36,000 .","translation":"المخزون الختامي مقيم بـ `36,000.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Private purchases amounting to ` 5000 debited to purchases account.","translation":"المشتريات الخاصة التي تبلغ `5000 مدينة لحساب المشتريات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Provision for doubtful debts @ 5% on debtors.","translation":"مخصص للديون المشكوك فيها @ 5٪ على المدينين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"From the following information prepare trading and profit and loss account of M/s Indian sports house for the year ending March 31, 2017.","translation":"من المعلومات التالية، قم بإعداد حساب تجاري وحساب أرباح وخسائر لشركة M/s Indian sports house للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2017.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Closing stock was `45,000 .","translation":"كان المخزون الختامي `45,000.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Depreciation charged on : furniture and fixture @ 5%, plant and Machinery @ 6% and motor car @ 10% .","translation":"الإهلاك المحمل على: الأثاث والتجهيزات @ 5٪، والمصنع والآلات @ 6٪ والسيارات @ 10٪.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Prepare the trading and profit and loss account and a balance sheet of M/s Shine Ltd. from the following particulars.","translation":"أعد الحساب التجاري وحساب الأرباح والخسائر والميزانية العمومية لشركة M/s Shine Ltd. من التفاصيل التالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not be lent or re-sold without the publisher’s consent.","translation":"يُباع الكتاب بشرط أنه لا يجوز إعارته أو إعادة بيعه دون موافقة الناشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The correct price of this publication is the price printed on this page.","translation":"السعر الصحيح لهذا المنشور هو السعر المطبوع على هذه الصفحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"commerce","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training appreciates the hard work done by the textbook development committee.","translation":"يقدر المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي العمل الشاق الذي قامت به لجنة تطوير الكتب المدرسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We wish to thank the Chairperson of the advisory group in Social Sciences.","translation":"نود أن نشكر رئيس المجموعة الاستشارية في العلوم الاجتماعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Curriculum Framework (NCF), 2005, recommends that children’s life at school must be linked to their life outside the school.","translation":"يوصي الإطار الوطني للمناهج (NCF) لعام 2005 بربط حياة الأطفال في المدرسة بحياتهم خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Treating the prescribed textbook as the sole basis of examination is one of the key reasons why other resources and sites of learning are ignored.","translation":"إن التعامل مع الكتاب المدرسي المحدد كأساس وحيد للامتحان هو أحد الأسباب الرئيسية لإهمال الموارد ومواقع التعلم الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Flexibility in the daily time-table is as necessary as rigour in implementing the annual calendar.","translation":"المرونة في الجدول الزمني اليومي ضرورية مثل الصرامة في تنفيذ التقويم السنوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Syllabus designers have tried to address the problem of curricular burden.","translation":"حاول مصممو المناهج معالجة مشكلة العبء المنهجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The textbook attempts to enhance this endeavour by giving higher priority and space to opportunities for contemplation and wondering.","translation":"يحاول الكتاب المدرسي تعزيز هذا المسعى من خلال إعطاء أولوية ومساحة أكبر لفرص التأمل والتساؤل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions which will enable us to undertake further revision and refinement.","translation":"ترحب NCERT بالتعليقات والاقتراحات التي ستمكننا من إجراء المزيد من المراجعة والتحسين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In view of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to reduce content load on students.","translation":"في ضوء جائحة كوفيد-19، من الضروري تقليل عبء المحتوى على الطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Education Policy 2020, also emphasises reducing the content load.","translation":"تؤكد السياسة الوطنية للتعليم لعام 2020 أيضًا على تقليل عبء المحتوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Contents of the textbooks have been rationalised in view of the following: Overlapping with similar content included in other subject areas.","translation":"تم ترشيد محتويات الكتب المدرسية في ضوء ما يلي: التداخل مع محتوى مماثل مضمن في مجالات موضوعية أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Similar content included in the lower or higher class in the same subject.","translation":"محتوى مماثل مضمن في الصف الأدنى أو الأعلى في نفس الموضوع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Content, which is easily accessible to students without much interventions from teachers.","translation":"المحتوى الذي يمكن للطلاب الوصول إليه بسهولة دون تدخل كبير من المعلمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This present edition, is a reformatted version after carrying out the changes given above.","translation":"هذه الطبعة الحالية هي نسخة معاد تنسيقها بعد إجراء التغييرات المذكورة أعلاه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training acknowledges the valuable contributions of the Textbook Development Committee.","translation":"يعترف المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي بالمساهمات القيمة للجنة تطوير الكتب المدرسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Special thanks are due to Savita Sinha, Professor and Head, Department of Education in Social Sciences, NCERT.","translation":"شكر خاص للسيدة سافيتا سينها، الأستاذة ورئيسة قسم التربية في العلوم الاجتماعية، NCERT.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Council acknowledges the contribution of Anil Deswal for the review and updation of this textbook.","translation":"يعترف المجلس بمساهمة أنيل ديسوال في مراجعة وتحديث هذا الكتاب المدرسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Chapter 1 Introduction to Accounting","translation":"الفصل 1 مقدمة في المحاسبة","target_lang":"ar","domain":"accounting","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Bank, debtors, etc. can be grouped and shown under the heading of ‘current assets’ and the balances of all fixed assets and long-term investment under the heading of ‘non-current assets’.","translation":"يمكن تجميع البنك والمدينين وما إلى ذلك وإظهارها تحت عنوان 'الأصول المتداولة' وأرصدة جميع الأصول الثابتة والاستثمارات طويلة الأجل تحت عنوان 'الأصول غير المتداولة'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The balance sheet of Ankit as at March 31, 2017 (in order of permanence) Liabilities Amount Assets Amount ` ` Owners Funds Non Current Assets Capital 12,000 Furniture 15,000 Add Profit 4,500 16,500 Current Assets Non-Current Liabilities Debtors 15,500 Long-term loan 5,000 Bank 5,000 Current Liabilities Cash 1,000 Creditors 15,000 36,500 36,500","translation":"الميزانية العمومية لأنكيت في 31 مارس 2017 (حسب ترتيب الديمومة) الخصوم المبلغ الأصول المبلغ ` ` أموال المالكين الأصول غير المتداولة رأس المال 12000 أثاث 15000 إضافة ربح 4500 16500 الأصول المتداولة الخصوم غير المتداولة المدينون 15500 قرض طويل الأجل 5000 بنك 5000 الخصوم المتداولة نقدية 1000 دائنون 15000 36500 36500","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Fig. 8.10 (c): Showing assets and liabilities arranged in logical groups Do it Yourself Arrange the following items in the order of both permanence and liquidity. Also group them under logical heads : Liabilities Assets Long-term loans Building Bank overdraft Cash in hand Bills payable Cash at bank Owner’s equity Bills receivable Short-term loans Sundry debtors Sundry creditors Land Finished goods Work in progress Raw material","translation":"الشكل 8.10 (ج): يوضح الأصول والخصوم مرتبة في مجموعات منطقية افعلها بنفسك رتب العناصر التالية حسب ترتيب الديمومة والسيولة. قم أيضًا بتجميعها تحت رؤوس منطقية: الخصوم الأصول قروض طويلة الأجل بناء سحب على المكشوف نقدي في متناول اليد فواتير مستحقة الدفع نقد في البنك حقوق الملكية فواتير القبض قروض قصيرة الأجل مدينون متنوعون دائنون متنوعون أرض بضائع تامة الصنع عمل قيد التنفيذ مادة خام","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"From the following balances prepare a trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet for the year ended March 31, 2017 Account Title Amount Account Title Amount ` ` Carriage on goods 8,000 Cash in hand 2,500 purchased Bank overdraft 30,000 Carriage on goods sold 3,500 Motor car 60,000 Manufacturing expense s 42,000 Drawings 8,000 Advertisement 7,000 Audit fees 2,700 Excise duty 6,000 Plant 1,53,900 Factory lighting 4,400 Repairs to plant 2,200 Debtors 80,000 Stock at the end 76,000 Creditors 61,000 Purchases less return 1,60,000 Dock and Clearing charges 5,200 Commission on purchase s 2,000 Postage and Telegram 800 Incidental trade expenses 3,200 Fire Insurance Premium 3,600 Investment 30,000 Patents 12,000 Interest on investment 4,500 Income tax 24,000 Capital 1,00,000 Office expenses 7,200 Sales less return 5,20,000 Salest tax paid 12,000 Discount allowed 2,700 Discount on purchase s 3,400","translation":"من الأرصدة التالية، قم بإعداد حساب المتاجرة والأرباح والخسائر والميزانية العمومية للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2017 عنوان الحساب المبلغ عنوان الحساب المبلغ ` ` نقل البضائع 8000 نقد في متناول اليد 2500 تم شراؤها سحب على المكشوف 30000 نقل البضائع المباعة 3500 سيارة 60000 مصاريف التصنيع 42000 مسحوبات 8000 إعلان 7000 رسوم التدقيق 2700 رسوم الإنتاج 6000 مصنع 153900 إضاءة المصنع 4400 إصلاحات المصنع 2200 مدينون 80000 مخزون في النهاية 76000 دائنون 61000 مشتريات ناقصة المرتجع 160000 رسوم الرصيف والتخليص 5200 عمولة على المشتريات 2000 بريد وبرقية 800 مصاريف تجارية عرضية 3200 قسط تأمين الحريق 3600 استثمار 30000 براءات الاختراع 12000 فائدة على الاستثمار 4500 ضريبة الدخل 24000 رأس المال 100000 مصاريف المكتب 7200 مبيعات ناقصة المرتجع 520000 ضريبة المبيعات المدفوعة 12000 خصم مسموح به 2700 خصم على المشتريات 3400","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Trading and Profit and Loss Account for the year ended March 31, 2017 Dr. Cr. Expenses/Losses Amount Revenues/Gains Amount ` ` Purchases less return 1,60,000 Sales less return 5,20,000 Commission on purchase s 2,000 Carriage on goods purchasesd 8,000 Manufacturing expenses 42,000 Factory lighting 4,400 Dock and Clearing charges 5,200 Gross profit c/d 2,98,400 5,20,000 5,20,000 Carriage on sale s 3,500 Gross profit b/d 2,98,400 Advertisement 7,000 Interest on investment 4,500 Excise duty 6,000 Discount on purchase s 3,400 Postage and telegram 800 Fire Insurance premium 3,600 Office expenses 7,200 Audit fees 2,700 Repairs to plant 2,200 Incidental trading expenses 3,200 Sales tax paid 12,000 Discount allowed 2,700 Net profit 2,55,400 (transferred to capital account) 3,06,300 3,06,300","translation":"حساب المتاجرة والأرباح والخسائر للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2017 د. كر. المصاريف/الخسائر المبلغ الإيرادات/المكاسب المبلغ ` ` المشتريات ناقصة المرتجع 160000 المبيعات ناقصة المرتجع 520000 عمولة على المشتريات 2000 نقل البضائع المشتراة 8000 مصاريف التصنيع 42000 إضاءة المصنع 4400 رسوم الرصيف والتخليص 5200 إجمالي الربح ج/د 298400 520000 520000 نقل على المبيعات 3500 إجمالي الربح ب/د 298400 إعلان 7000 فائدة على الاستثمار 4500 رسوم الإنتاج 6000 خصم على المشتريات 3400 بريد وبرقية 800 قسط تأمين الحريق 3600 مصاريف الم��تب 7200 رسوم التدقيق 2700 إصلاحات المصنع 2200 مصاريف تجارية عرضية 3200 ضريبة المبيعات المدفوعة 12000 خصم مسموح به 2700 صافي الربح 255400 (منقول إلى حساب رأس المال) 306300 306300","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Balance Sheet as at March 31, 2017 Liabilities Amount Assets Amount ` ` Bank overdraft 30,000 Cash in hand 2,500 Creditors 61,000 Debtors 80,000 Capital 1,00,000 Closing stock 76,000 Add Net profit 2,55,400 Investment 30,000 3,55,400 Motor car 60,000 Less Drawings (8,000 ) Plant 1,53,900 3,47400 Patents 12,000 Less Income tax (24,000 ) 3,23,400 4,14,400 4,14,400","translation":"الميزانية العمومية في 31 مارس 2017 الخصوم المبلغ الأصول المبلغ ` ` سحب على المكشوف 30000 نقد في متناول اليد 2500 دائنون 61000 مدينون 80000 رأس المال 100000 مخزون الإغلاق 76000 إضافة صافي الربح 255400 استثمار 30000 355400 سيارة 60000 مسحوبات أقل (8000) مصنع 153900 347400 براءات الاختراع 12000 أقل ضريبة الدخل (24000) 323400 414400 414400","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"From the following balances prepare trading and profit and loss account and balance sheet for the year ended March 31, 2017 Account Title Amount Account Title Amount ` ` Opening stock 15,310 Capital 2,50,000 Purchases 82,400 Drawings 48,000 Sales 256,000 Sundry debtors 57,000 Returns (Dr.) 4,000 Sundry creditors 12,000 Returns (Cr.) 2,400 Depreciation 4,200 Factory rent 18,000 Charity 500 Custom duty 11,500 Cash balance 4,460 Coal, gas & power 6,000 Bank balance 4,000 Wages and salary 36,600 Bank charges 180 Discount (Dr.) 7,500 Establishment expenses 3,600 Commission (Cr.) 1,200 Plant 42,000 Bad debts 5,850 Leasehold building 1,50,000 Bad debts recovered 2,000 Sales tax collected 2,000 Apprenticeship premium 4,800 Goodwill 20,000 Production expenses 2,600 Patents 10,000 Adminstrative expenses 5,000 Trademark 5,000 Carriage 8,700 Loan (Cr.) 25,000 Interest on loan 3,000","translation":"من الأرصدة التالية، قم بإعداد حساب المتاجرة والأرباح والخسائر والميزانية العمومية للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2017 عنوان الحساب المبلغ عنوان الحساب المبلغ ` ` مخزون افتتاحي 15310 رأس المال 250000 مشتريات 82400 مسحوبات 48000 مبيعات 256000 مدينون متنوعون 57000 مرتجعات (د.) 4000 دائنون متنوعون 12000 مرتجعات (كر.) 2400 إهلاك 4200 إيجار المصنع 18000 جمعية خيرية 500 رسوم جمركية 11500 رصيد نقدي 4460 فحم وغاز وطاقة 6000 رصيد البنك 4000 أجور ورواتب 36600 رسوم بنكية 180 خصم (د.) 7500 مصاريف التأسيس 3600 عمولة (كر.) 1200 مصنع 42000 ديون معدومة 5850 مبنى إيجار 150000 ديون معدومة مستردة 2000 ضريبة المبيعات المحصلة 2000 قسط تدريب مهني 4800 شهرة 20000 مصاريف الإنتاج 2600 براءات الاختراع 10000 مصاريف إدارية 5000 علامة تجارية 5000 نقل 8700 قرض (كر.) 25000 فائدة على القرض 3000","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The value of closing stock on March 31, 2017 was ` 25,400 Solution Trading and Profit and Loss Account for the year ended March 31, 2017 Dr. Cr. Expenses/Losses Amount Revenues/Gains Amount ` ` Opening stock 15,310 Sales: 2,56,000 Purchases: 82,400 Less Returns (4,000 ) 2,52,000 Factory rent 18,000 Closing stock 25,400 Custom duty 11,500 Coal, gas, power 6,000 Wages and salary 36,600 Production expenses 2,600 Carriage 8,700 Gross profit c/d 98,690 2,77,400 2,77,400","translation":"بلغت قيمة مخزون الإغلاق في 31 مارس 2017 ` 25400 الحل حساب المتاجرة والأرباح والخسائر للسنة المنتهية في 31 مارس 2017 د. كر. المصاريف/الخسائر المبلغ الإيرادات/المكاسب المبلغ ` ` مخزون افتتاحي 15310 المبيعات: 256000 المشتريات: 82400 أقل المرتجعات (4000) 252000 إيجار المصنع 18000 مخزون الإغلاق 25400 رسوم جمركية 11500 فحم وغاز وطاقة 6000 أجور ورواتب 36600 مصاريف الإنتاج 2600 نقل 8700 إجمالي الربح ج/د 98690 277400 277400","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Discount (Dr.) 7,500 Gross profit b/d 98,690 Bad debts 5,850 Commission 1,200 Administrative expenses 5,000 Bad debts recovered 2,000 Depreciation 4,200 Apprenticeship premium 4,800 Charity 500 Bank charges 180 Establishment expenses 3,600 Interest on loan 3,000 Net profit 76,860 (transferred to capital account) 1,06,690 1,06,690","translation":"خصم (د.) 7500 إجمالي الربح ب/د 98690 ديون معدومة 5850 عمولة 1200 مصاريف إدارية 5000 ديون معدومة مستردة 2000 إهلاك 4200 قسط تدريب مهني 4800 جمعية خيرية 500 رسوم بنكية 180 مصاريف التأسيس 3600 فائدة على القرض 3000 صافي الربح 76860 (منقول إلى حساب رأس المال) 106690 106690","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Balance Sheet as at March 31, 2017 Liabilities Amount Assets Amount ` ` Sales tax collected 2,000 Cash balance 4,460 Sundry creditors 12,000 Bank balance 4,000 Loan 25,000 Sundry debtors 57,000 Capital 2,50,000 Closing stock 25,400 Leasehold building 1,50,000 Plant 42,000 Patents 10,000 Less Drawings (48,000 ) 2,78,860 Goodwill 5,000 Trade mark 20,000 3,17,860 3,17,860","translation":"الميزانية العمومية في 31 مارس 2017 الخصوم المبلغ الأصول المبلغ ` ` ضريبة المبيعات المحصلة 2000 رصيد نقدي 4460 دائنون متنوعون 12000 رصيد البنك 4000 قرض 25000 مدينون متنوعون 57000 رأس المال 250000 مخزون الإغلاق 25400 مبنى إيجار 150000 مصنع 42000 براءات الاختراع 10000 أقل مسحوبات (48000) 278860 شهرة 5000 علامة تجارية 20000 317860 317860","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"8.7 Opening Entry The balances of various accounts in balance sheet are carried forward from one accounting period to another accounting period. In fact, the balance sheet of an accounting period becomes the opening trial balance of the next accounting period. Next year an opening entry is made which opens these accounts contained in the balance sheet. Refer the balance sheet shown in figure 8.10(c). The opening entry with regard to it will be recorded as follows : Furniture A/c Dr. 15,000 Debtors A/c Dr. 15,500 Bank’s A/c Dr. 5,000 Cash A/c Dr. 1,000 To Capital A/c 16,500 To 10 % Long-term loan A/c 5,000 To Creditors A/c 15,000","translation":"8.7 إدخال الافتتاحية يتم ترحيل أرصدة الحسابات المختلفة في الميزانية العمومية من فترة محاسبية إلى فترة محاسبية أخرى. في الواقع، تصبح الميزانية العمومية لفترة محاسبية هي ميزان المراجعة الافتتاحي للفترة المحاسبية التالية. في العام التالي، يتم إجراء إدخال افتتاحي يفتح هذه الحسابات الواردة في الميزانية العمومية. راجع الميزانية العمومية الموضحة في الشكل 8.10 (ج). سيتم تسجيل الإدخال الافتتاحي فيما يتعلق به على النحو التالي: حساب الأثاث د. 15000 حساب المدينين د. 15500 حساب البنك د. 5000 حساب النقدية د. 1000 إلى حساب رأس المال 16500 إلى حساب القرض طويل الأجل 10% 5000 إلى حساب الدائنين 15000","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Key Terms Introduced in the Chapter • Balance Sheet • Grouping and Marshalling • Bills Payable • Bank Overdraft • Capital • Bills Receivable • Capital Receipts • Capital Expenditure • Carriage Outwards • Carriage Inwards • Closing Entries • Cash at Bank • Current Assets • Closing Stock • Purchases Return • Currents Liabilities • Return Inwards • Rent • Revenue Expenditure • Return Outwards • Discount Allowed • Depreciation • Cash • Discount Received • Factory Expenses • Trade Expenses • Fixed Assets • Financial Statements • Gross Profit • Freight • Income Tax • Gross Loss • Interest on Drawings • Interest on Capital • Net Profit • Net Loss • Order of Performance • Revenue Expenditure and Liquidity • Salaries • Revenue Receipts • Sales Return • Sales • Opening Entries","translation":"المصطلحات الرئيسية التي تم تقديمها في الفصل • الميزانية العمومية • التجميع والترتيب • فواتير الدفع • السحب على المكشوف • رأس المال • فواتير القبض • إيصالات رأس المال • المصروفات الرأسمالية • النقل إلى الخارج • النقل إلى الداخل • إدخالات الإغلاق • النقد في البنك • الأصول المتداولة • مخزون الإغلاق • مرتجع المشتريات • الخصوم المتداولة • المرتجع إلى الداخل • الإيجار • المصروفات الإيرادية • المرتجع إلى الخارج • الخصم المسموح به • الإهلاك • النقد • الخصم المستلم • مصاريف المصنع • المصاريف التجارية • الأصول الثابتة • البيانات المالية • إجمالي الربح • الشحن • ضريبة الدخل • إجمالي الخسارة • الفائدة على المسحوبات • الفائدة على رأس المال • صافي الربح • صافي الخسارة • ترتيب الأداء • المصروفات الإيرادية والسيولة • الرواتب • الإيرادات الإيرادية • مرتجع المبيعات • المبيعات • إدخالات الافتتاح","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Summary with Reference to Learning Objectives 1 Meaning, usefulness and types of financial statements : After the agreement of the trial balance, a business enterprise proceeds to prepare financial statements. Financial statements are the statements, which present periodic reports on the process of business enterprises and the results achieved during a given period. Financial statements includs trading and profit and loss account, balance sheet and other statements and explanatory notes, which form part thereof. Information provided by financial statements is useful to management to plan and control the business operations. Financial statement are also useful to creditors, shareholders and employees of the enterprise.","translation":"ملخص مع الإشارة إلى أهداف التعلم 1 المعنى والفائدة وأنواع البيانات المالية: بعد الاتفاق على ميزان المراجعة، تشرع مؤسسة تجارية في إعداد البيانات المالية. البيانات المالية هي البيانات التي تقدم تقارير دورية عن عملية المؤسسات التجارية والنتائج التي تم تحقيقها خلال فترة معينة. تتضمن البيانات المالية حساب المتاجرة والأرباح والخسائر والميزانية العمومية والبيانات الأخرى والملاحظات التوضيحية التي تشكل جزءًا منها. المعلومات المقدمة من البيانات المالية مفيدة للإدارة للتخطيط لعمليات الأعمال والتحكم فيها. البيانات المالية مفيدة أيضًا للدائنين والمساهمين والموظفين في المؤسسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Meaning need and preparation of trading and profit and loss account : The profit and loss account highlights the profit earned or loss sustained by the business entity in the course of business operation during a given period. The need for preparing the trading and profit and loss account is to ascertain the net result of business operations during a given period. The profit and loss account shows the items of revenue expenses and losses on the debit side, while items of gain and gross profit are shown on the credit side. For the preparation of the trading and profit and loss account, closing entries are recorded to transfer balances of account of items of expenses and revenues. Net profit or net loss shown by the profit and loss account is transferred to the capital account.","translation":"معنى الحاجة وإعداد حساب المتاجرة والأرباح والخسائر: يسلط حساب الأرباح والخسائر الضوء على الربح المكتسب أو الخسارة التي تكبدها الكيان التجاري في سياق تشغيل الأعمال خلال فترة معينة. تكمن الحاجة إلى إعداد حساب المتاجرة والأرباح والخسائر في تحديد النتيجة الصافية لعمليات الأعمال خلال فترة معينة. يوضح حساب الأرباح والخسائر بنود مصاريف الإيرادات والخسائر على الجانب المدين، بينما تظهر بنود المكاسب وإجمالي الربح على الجانب الدائن. لإعداد حساب المتاجرة والأرباح والخسائر، يتم تسجيل إدخالات الإغلاق لتحويل أرصدة حساب بنود المصاريف والإيرادات. يتم تحويل صافي الربح أو صافي الخسارة الموضح في حساب الأرباح والخسائر إلى حساب رأس المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Meaning, characteristic, need and structure of the balance sheet : The balance sheet is a statement of assets and liabilities of a business enterprise and shows the financial position at a given date Informations contained in a balance sheet is true only on that date. The balance sheet is a part of the final account. But it is not an account, it is only a statement. In a balance sheet the totals of assets and liabilities are always equal. It portrays the accounting equation. A balance sheet has to be prepared to know the financial position of the business, and the nature and values of its assets and liabilities. All the accounts which have not been closed till the preparation of the profit and loss account are shown in the balance sheet. Assets and liabilities shown in the balance sheet are marshalled in order of liquidity or in order of permanence.","translation":"المعنى والخصائص والحاجة وهيكل الميزانية العمومية: الميزانية العمومية هي بيان بأصول وخصوم مؤسسة تجارية وتوضح المركز المالي في تاريخ معين. المعلومات الواردة في الميزانية العمومية صحيحة فقط في ذلك التاريخ. الميزانية العمومية جزء من الحساب النهائي. لكنه ليس حسابًا، إنه مجرد بيان. في الميزانية العمومية، تتساوى دائمًا إجماليات الأصول والخصوم. إنها تصور معادلة المحاسبة. يجب إعداد ميزانية عمومية لمعرفة المركز المالي للشركة، وطبيعة وقيم أصولها وخصومها. تظهر جميع الحسابات التي لم يتم إغلاقها حتى إعداد حساب الأرباح والخسائر في الميزانية العمومية. يتم تجميع الأصول والخصوم الموضحة في الميزانية العمومية حسب ترتيب السيولة أو حسب ترتيب الديمومة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What are the objectives of preparing financial statements ?","translation":"ما هي أهداف إعداد البيانات المالية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What is the purpose of preparing trading and profit and loss account?","translation":"ما هو الغرض من إعداد حساب المتاجرة والأرباح والخسائر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Explain the concept of cost of goods sold?","translation":"اشرح مفهوم تكلفة البضائع المباعة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What is a balance sheet. What are its characteristics?","translation":"ما هي الميزانية العمومية. ما هي خصائصها؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Distinguish between capital and revenue expenditure and state whether the following statements are items of capital or revenue expenditure : (a) Expenditure incurred on repairs and whitewashing at the time of purchase of an old building in order to make it usable.","translation":"التمييز بين المصروفات الرأسمالية والإيرادية وذكر ما إذا كانت العبارات التالية بنودًا للمصروفات الرأسمالية أو الإيرادية: (أ) المصروفات المتكبدة على الإصلاحات والتبييض في وقت شراء مبنى قديم لجعله قابلاً للاستخدام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What is an operating profit?","translation":"ما هو الربح التشغيلي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"financial","complexity":"simple"}

ar/Fine art - XII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,200 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Rajasthani paintings emerged in the princely kingdoms of Rajasthan and parts of Madhya Pradesh.","translation":"ظهرت اللوحات الراجستانية في الممالك الأميرية في راجستان وأجزاء من ولاية ماديا براديش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Sultanate School of Painting blended Persian and indigenous styles.","translation":"جمعت مدرسة السلطنة للرسم بين الأساليب الفارسية والأصلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nimatnama is a representative example of the Sultanate School.","translation":"نياماتناما هو مثال تمثيلي لمدرسة السلطنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Pala paintings are among the earliest examples of Indian art.","translation":"تعتبر لوحات بالا من بين أقدم الأمثلة على الفن الهندي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Buddhist themes and deities were common in Pala manuscripts.","translation":"كانت الموضوعات والآلهة البوذية شائعة في مخطوطات بالا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Rajasthani Schools of Painting flourished between the sixteenth and early nineteenth centuries.","translation":"ازدهرت مدارس الرسم الراجستانية بين القرنين السادس عشر وأوائل القرن التاسع عشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Anand Coomaraswamy coined the term 'Rajput Paintings'.","translation":"صاغ أناند كوماراسوامي مصطلح 'لوحات راجبوت'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Paintings were created on waslis, thin sheets of handmade paper.","translation":"تم إنشاء اللوحات على ورق واسلي، وهي أوراق رقيقة من الورق المصنوع يدويًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Color pigments were derived from minerals and precious metals.","translation":"تم الحصول على أصباغ الألوان من المعادن والمعادن الثمينة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The themes of paintings often depicted Vaishnavism and the love of Krishna.","translation":"غالبًا ما صورت موضوعات اللوحات الفيشنافية وحب كريشنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Gita Govinda is a lyrical poem in Sanskrit.","translation":"غيتا غوفيندا قصيدة غنائية باللغة السنسكريتية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Rasamanjari is a treatise on rasa.","translation":"راسامانجاري هي أطروحة عن الراسا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Mughal School dominated from the sixteenth century.","translation":"سيطرت المدرسة المغولية من القرن السادس عشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Mewar School is associated with an early set of Ragamala paintings.","translation":"ترتبط مدرسة ميوار بمجموعة مبكرة من لوحات راغامالا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sahibdin and Manohar added vitality to Mewar paintings.","translation":"أضاف صهيب الدين ومانوهار حيوية إلى لوحات ميوار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Bundi paintings are known for their color sense and design.","translation":"تشتهر لوحات بوندي بإحساسها بالألوان وتصميمها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Kota paintings excel in depicting hunting scenes.","translation":"تتفوق لوحات كوتا في تصوير مشاهد الصيد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Bikaner developed a distinctive painting style influenced by the Mughals.","translation":"طورت بيكانير أسلوبًا مميزًا للرسم متأثرًا بالمغول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ruknuddin was a master artist in Bikaner.","translation":"كان ركن الدين فنانًا رئيسيًا في بيكانير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Mandi system was used in Bikaner for art studios.","translation":"تم استخدام نظام ماندي في بيكانير لاستوديوهات الفن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) develops curricula and syllabi for art-related subjects.","translation":"تقوم المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي (NCERT) بتطوير المناهج الدراسية والمقررات الدراسية للمواد المتعلقة بالفن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 recommends increased flexibility in subject choices for students.","translation":"توصي السياسة التعليمية الوطنية (NEP) لعام 2020 بزيادة المرونة في اختيار المواد للطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At the senior secondary stage, students should have more options to explore in different fields.","translation":"في المرحلة الثانوية العليا، يجب أن تتاح للطلاب المزيد من الخيارات للاستكشاف في المجالات المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Emphasis has been laid on a professional approach towards visual arts.","translation":"تم التركيز على اتباع نهج احترافي تجاه الفنون البصرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The learning objectives shift towards sharpening skills in fine arts and developing a perspective in design.","translation":"تتحول أهداف التعلم نحو صقل المهارات في الفنون الجميلة وتطوير منظور في التصميم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Students are encouraged to express themselves in their own language and medium.","translation":"يتم تشجيع الطلاب على التعبير عن أنفسهم بلغتهم ووسيلتهم الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Art history is a major area of education, from which students can learn about the country’s rich cultural heritage.","translation":"تاريخ الفن هو مجال رئيسي من مجالات التعليم، والذي يمكن للطلاب من خلاله التعرف على التراث الثقافي الغني للبلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Many education boards offer visual or fine arts as an optional subject.","translation":"تقدم العديد من مجالس التعليم الفنون البصرية أو الجميلة كمادة اختيارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This textbook introduces students to the country’s diverse historical heritage of art and architecture.","translation":"يقدم هذا الكتاب المدرسي للطلاب التراث التاريخي المتنوع للفن والعمارة في البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook aims to bring a comprehensive view of the history of Indian art.","translation":"يهدف الكتاب المدرسي إلى تقديم نظرة شاملة لتاريخ الفن الهندي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions for further revision and refinement.","translation":"ترحب NCERT بالتعليقات والاقتراحات لإجراء المزيد من المراجعة والتحسين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"During British rule, colonial officers studied India’s past in collaboration with Indian scholars.","translation":"خلال الحكم البريطاني، درس الضباط الاستعماريون ماضي الهند بالتعاون مع العلماء الهنود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A systematic study of architectural monuments, sculptures, and paintings began in the Indian subcontinent.","translation":"بدأت دراسة منهجية للمعالم المعمارية والمنحوتات واللوحات في شبه القارة الهندية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The study of art history has grown out of extensive documentations and excavations.","translation":"نشأت دراسة تاريخ الفن من التوثيقات والحفريات المكثفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Indian art historical studies have emerged as a prestigious academic discipline.","translation":"برزت الدراسات التاريخية الفنية الهندية كتخصص أكاديمي مرموق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The study of art objects is often based on formalistic or stylistic analysis.","translation":"غالبًا ما تعتمد دراسة الأشياء الفنية على التحليل الشكلي أو الأسلوبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This textbook includes chapters on the development of painting traditions in India.","translation":"يتضمن هذا الكتاب المدرسي فصولًا حول تطور تقاليد الرسم في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The first chapter talks about palm leaf manuscript painting.","translation":"يتحدث الفصل الأول عن الرسم على مخطوطات أوراق النخيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Each chapter is illustrated with representational coloured plates, descriptions and captions.","translation":"يتم توضيح كل فصل بلوحات ملونة تمثيلية وأوصاف وتسميات توضيحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The QR codes take one to many similar visuals and one can explore a plethora of them online.","translation":"تنقل رموز الاستجابة السريعة المرء إلى العديد من المرئيات المماثلة ويمكن للمرء استكشاف عدد كبير منها عبر الإنترنت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Krishna supporting Mount Govardhan by Shahadin, Bikaner, 1690, British Museum, London.","translation":"كريشنا يدعم جبل جوفاردان من قبل شاهادين، بيكانير، 1690، المتحف البريطاني، لندن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The court archivist entered the name of the master artist and the date behind the painting.","translation":"أدخل أمين الأرشيف الملكي اسم الفنان الرئيسي والتاريخ خلف اللوحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The term used for this was gudarayi, literally meaning to ‘lift’.","translation":"المصطلح المستخدم لهذا كان غوداراي، ويعني حرفيًا 'الرفع'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Apart from its activities of making new miniatures, the studio was entrusted with the task of marammat or repairing and making nakals (copies) of older works.","translation":"بصرف النظر عن أنشطتها في صنع المنمنمات الجديدة، عُهد إلى الاستوديو بمهمة مرمات أو إصلاح وصنع نسخ (نسخ) من الأعمال القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The custom of having portraits of artists is unique to the Bikaner School.","translation":"عادة وجود صور للفنانين فريدة من نوعها في مدرسة بيكانير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ruknuddin painted exquisite works in soft colour tones.","translation":"رسم ركن الدين أعمالًا رائعة بألوان ناعمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ibrahim’s works have a misty dreamlike quality.","translation":"أعمال إبراهيم لها جودة حالمة ضبابية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"His figures are dainty with heavily modeled faces.","translation":"شخصياته رقيقة ذات وجوه مصممة بشكل كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Accounts from the Bahis, royal archival day-to-day diaries, and numerous inscriptions on Bikaner paintings make it one of the best documented schools of painting.","translation":"الحسابات من الباهيس، واليوميات الملكية الأرشيفية، والعديد من النقوش على لوحات بيكانير تجعلها واحدة من أفضل المدارس الموثقة للرسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Kishangarh paintings are distinguished by their exquisite sophistication and distinct facial type.","translation":"تتميز لوحات كيشناغار بتطورها الرائع ونوع الوجه المميز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Krishna playing Flute surrounded by Cows, Bikaner, 1777, National Museum, New Delhi.","translation":"كريشنا يعزف على الناي محاطًا بالأبقار، بيكانير، 1777، المتحف الوطني، نيودلهي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A distinctive style of the state with a general tendency to elongate the human form had evolved.","translation":"تطور أسلوب مميز للدولة مع ميل عام لإطالة الشكل الإنساني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Krishna Lila themes became personal favourites for the rulers of Kishangarh.","translation":"أصبحت موضوعات كريشنا ليلا مفضلة شخصية لحكام كيشناغار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sawant Singh’s most celebrated and outstanding artist was Nihal Chand.","translation":"كان الفنان الأكثر شهرة وتميزًا لـ Sawant Singh هو Nihal Chand.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Kishangarh artists reveled in the depiction of vistas in accentuated colours.","translation":"استمتع فنانو كيشناغار بتصوير المناظر الطبيعية بألوان مميزة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"With the political presence of Mughals since the sixteenth century, influence of their visual aesthetics made its way in the style of portraiture.","translation":"مع الوجود السياسي للمغول منذ القرن السادس عشر، أثرت جمالياتهم البصرية في أسلوب التصوير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A productive period of painting was ushered in by Maharaja Jaswant Singh.","translation":"بدأت فترة إنتاجية للرسم على يد المهراجا جاسوانت سينغ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Numerous portraits of Jaswant Singh survive.","translation":"نجت العديد من صور جاسوانت سينغ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Due to his inclination towards the Vallabha cult of Shrinathji, he patronised many Krishna related themes.","translation":"بسبب ميله نحو طائفة فالابها في شريناثجي، رعى العديد من الموضوعات المتعلقة بكريشنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Man Singh was the follower of the Nath Sampradaya and paintings of him in the company of the Nath gurus survive.","translation":"كان مان سينغ من أتباع ناث سامبرادايا ونجت لوحاته بصحبة غورو ناث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the painting, the sons of Noah are in the act of throwing Iblis, the devil, who had come to destroy the ark.","translation":"في اللوحة، أبناء نوح في فعل رمي إبليس، الشيطان، الذي جاء لتدمير الفلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The use of pure white and subtle shades of red, blue and yellow is charming.","translation":"استخدام اللون الأبيض النقي والظلال الدقيقة من الأحمر والأزرق والأصفر ساحر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The rendering of water is convincing and the vertical perspective infuses the painting with an element of heightened dramatic energy.","translation":"تصوير الماء مقنع، والمنظور الرأسي يضفي على اللوحة عنصرًا من الطاقة الدرامية المتزايدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This painting lies in the collection of Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D. C., USA.","translation":"هذه اللوحة موجودة في مجموعة معرض فريير للفنون، مؤسسة سميثسونيان، واشنطن العاصمة، الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Krishna Lifts Mount Govardhan from a dispersed Harivamsa Purana is attributed to Miskin (1585–90).","translation":"يُنسب عمل كريشنا يرفع جبل غوفاردان من هاري فامسا بورانا المتناثر إلى مسكين (1585-90).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.","translation":"إنها في مجموعة متحف متروبوليتان للفنون، نيويورك، الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This painting is on a theme from Harivamsa.","translation":"هذه اللوحة حول موضوع من هاري فامسا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Badauni, a scholar noble in the court of Akbar, was assigned the job of translating this volume on Lord Krishna into Persian.","translation":"تم تكليف بدوني، وهو عالم نبيل في بلاط أكبر، بمهمة ترجمة هذا المجلد عن اللورد كريشنا إلى الفارسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hari or Lord Krishna lifted the mountain, Govardhan, with all creatures dwelling therein with the intention to protect them.","translation":"قام هاري أو اللورد كريشنا برفع الجبل، غوفاردان، مع جميع المخلوقات التي تسكن فيه بهدف حمايتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The villagers and their livestock, who were his followers, from torrential rain sent by another powerful God Indra.","translation":"القرويون ومواشيهم، الذين كانوا من أتباعه، من الأمطار الغزيرة التي أرسلها إله قوي آخر، إندرا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hari uses the mountain like a huge umbrella, under which the entire village takes refuge.","translation":"يستخدم هاري الجبل كمظلة ضخمة، يلجأ تحتها القرية بأكملها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This painting by Ustad Mansur, Nadir ul Asr, a title received from Jahangir, is in the collection of Cleveland Museum of Art, Ohio, USA.","translation":"هذه اللوحة للفنان أستاذ منصور، نادر العصر، وهو لقب حصل عليه من جهانجير، موجودة في مجموعة متحف كليفلاند للفنون، أوهايو، الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Jahangir had fine falcons brought to his collection, and as a keen connoisseur, he had them painted.","translation":"أحضر جهانجير صقورًا رائعة إلى مجموعته، وبصفته خبيرًا متذوقًا، فقد أمر برسمها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These images were included in his official biography Jahangirnama.","translation":"تم تضمين هذه الصور في سيرته الذاتية الرسمية جهانجيرناما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There is an interesting episode described by him of a falcon brought as a present from Persian emperor Shah Abbas.","translation":"هناك حلقة مثيرة للاهتمام وصفها عن صقر أحضر كهدية من الإمبراطور الفارسي شاه عباس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The painting shown here, Falcon Perched on a Bird Rest (1615), is one of the many paintings that were painted by the Mughal artist, Ustad Mansur.","translation":"اللوحة المعروضة هنا، صقر جاثم على راحة طائر (1615)، هي واحدة من العديد من اللوحات التي رسمها الفنان المغولي أستاذ منصور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The zebra in this painting was from Ethiopia, brought by Turks, and presented to Mughal emperor Jahangir by his nobleman Mir Ja’far, who had acquired it.","translation":"الحمار الوحشي في هذه اللوحة كان من إثيوبيا، جلبه الأتراك، وقدم للإمبراطور المغولي جهانجير من قبل نبيله مير جعفر، الذي حصل عليه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Jahangir wrote on the painting in Persian, the court language, that it was: “A mule which the Turks (rumiyan ) in the company of Mir Ja’far had brought from Ethiopia [Habesha]”.","translation":"كتب جهانجير على اللوحة باللغة الفارسية، لغة البلاط، أنها: “بغل جلبه الأتراك (روميان) بصحبة مير جعفر من إثيوبيا [حبشة]”.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Its likeness was drawn by Nadir ul asr (Wonder of the Age) Ustad Mansur.","translation":"رسمت صورته بواسطة نادر العصر (عجيبة العصر) أستاذ منصور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In Jahangirnama, it is clearly stated that the animal was presented to him during Nowruz or New Year festivities in March 1621.","translation":"في جهانجيرناما، يذكر بوضوح أن الحيوان قدم إليه خلال احتفالات النوروز أو رأس السنة في مارس 1621.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Bihzad was a master artist from the Persian school of painting.","translation":"كان بهزاد فنانًا بارعًا من المدرسة الفارسية للرسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Humayun brought back with him the master artists when he regained power in India.","translation":"أعاد همايون معه الفنانين المهرة عندما استعاد السلطة في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He invited two Persian artists — Mir Sayyid Ali and Ab d us Samad to establish a studio in his court.","translation":"دعا فنانين فارسيين - مير سيد علي وعبد الصمد - لتأسيس استوديو في بلاطه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A bibliophile of discerning sensitivity, Humayun’s rule began a period of intense patronage for the art of painting and calligraphy.","translation":"بدأت فترة حكم همايون، وهو محب للكتب يتمتع بحساسية مميزة، فترة من الرعاية المكثفة لفن الرسم والخط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This is an indication of Humayun’s artistic taste and helps us form a picture of Humayun as a connoisseur and an aesthete.","translation":"هذا مؤشر على ذوق همايون الفني ويساعدنا في تكوين صورة لهمايون كخبير ومتذوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When we look at an extraordinary Mughal painting from the early period, Princes of the House of Timur (1545–50), we are surprised by its size and complex structure.","translation":"عندما ننظر إلى لوحة مغولية استثنائية من الفترة المبكرة، أمراء بيت تيمور (1545-1550)، فإننا نتفاجأ بحجمها وهيكلها المعقد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Open air painting with trees and blossoms, and royal merrymaking, which depicts the ancestral members of the Mughal dynasty were followed after Humayun.","translation":"الرسم في الهواء الطلق بالأشجار والأزهار، والاحتفالات الملكية، التي تصور الأعضاء الأجداد لسلالة المغول، اتبعت بعد همايون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Akbar, believed to be suffering from dyslexia, laid great emphasis on illustration of manuscripts.","translation":"أكد أكبر، الذي يُعتقد أنه يعاني من عسر القراءة، على أهمية الرسوم التوضيحية للمخطوطات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Akbar took delight in hearing the stories of Hamza, a character much loved in the Middle East.","translation":"استمتع أكبر بسماع قصص حمزة، وهي شخصية محبوبة جدًا في الشرق الأوسط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The emperor took great interest in both pictorial narrative, as well as, recitation of Hamza Nama.","translation":"أبدى الإمبراطور اهتمامًا كبيرًا بالرواية المصورة، وكذلك تلاوة حمزة ناما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One realises that Mughal paintings were a teamwork by a group of artists, who could be inspired by a number of artistic traditions.","translation":"يدرك المرء أن اللوحات المغولية كانت عملًا جماعيًا لمجموعة من الفنانين، الذين يمكن أن يكونوا مستوحين من عدد من التقاليد الفنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The painted folios of Hamza Nama are scattered all over the world and housed in various collections.","translation":"تنتشر أوراق حمزة ناما المرسومة في جميع أنحاء العالم وموجودة في مجموعات مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Akbar envisioned cultural integration and commissioned translation of several revered Hindu texts.","translation":"تصور أكبر التكامل الثقافي وكلف بترجمة العديد من النصوص الهندوسية المبجلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Persian translation and illustrated version of the Hindu epic Mahabharata done this period came to be known as Razm Nama.","translation":"أصبحت الترجمة الفارسية والنسخة المصورة من الملحمة الهندوسية مهابهاراتا التي تمت في هذه الفترة تُعرف باسم رزم ناما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Akbar Nama, an extraordinary manuscript, containing a detailed account of Akbar’s political and personal life, was one of the most expensive projects undertaken by Akbar.","translation":"كان أكبر ناما، وهو مخطوطة استثنائية، تحتوي على حساب تفصيلي لحياة أكبر السياسية والشخصية، أحد أغلى المشاريع التي قام بها أكبر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Madonna and Child (1580) done in opaque watercolour on paper is an important early work of the Mughal School of Painting in this context.","translation":"تعتبر مادونا والطفل (1580) المصنوعة بألوان مائية غير شفافة على الورق عملاً مبكرًا مهمًا للمدرسة المغولية للرسم في هذا السياق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Inspired by Akbar’s interest in arts, many sub-imperial courts absorbed this passion.","translation":"مستوحاة من اهتمام أكبر بالفنون، استوعبت العديد من المحاكم دون الإمبراطورية هذه الشغف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Prince Salim, (Jahangir) showed interest in art from an early age.","translation":"أظهر الأمير سليم (جهانغير) اهتمامًا بالفن منذ سن مبكرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Jahangir employed Aqa Riza, a well-known Iranian painter and his son Abul Hasan to achieve unparalleled sophistication in painting.","translation":"وظف جهانغير آقا رضا، وهو رسام إيراني معروف وابنه أبو الحسن لتحقيق تطور لا مثيل له في الرسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The artists of the Mughal atelier creatively assimilated the three styles — indigenous, Persian and European, making the Mughal Art School a melting pot of vibrant styles of its time yet very distinct in its own way.","translation":"قام فنانو المشغل المغولي بدمج الأساليب الثلاثة بشكل إبداعي - الأصلية والفارسية والأوروبية، مما جعل مدرسة الفن المغولي بوتقة تنصهر فيها الأساليب النابضة بالحياة في عصرها ولكنها متميزة جدًا بطريقتها الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The artist's use of vibrant colors and intricate details is remarkable.","translation":"استخدام الفنان للألوان الزاهية والتفاصيل المعقدة أمر رائع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Scholars agree that the early eighteenth century saw a shift in artistic styles.","translation":"يتفق الباحثون على أن أوائل القرن الثامن عشر شهد تحولاً في الأساليب الفنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Basohli style is characterized by strong primary colors and warm yellows.","translation":"يتميز أسلوب باسهولي باستخدام الألوان الأساسية القوية والأصفر الدافئ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The use of beetle wings to depict jewelry is a unique feature of this style.","translation":"استخدام أجنحة الخنافس لتصوير المجوهرات هو سمة فريدة لهذا النمط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Rasamanjari of Bhanu Datta was a popular theme for Basohli painters.","translation":"كانت راسامانجاري لبانو داتا موضوعًا شائعًا لرسامي باسهولي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Artists also painted portraits of local kings and their consorts.","translation":"كما رسم الفنانون صورًا للملوك المحليين وزوجاتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Guler-Kangra phase saw experimentation and improvisation in art.","translation":"شهدت مرحلة غولر-كانغرا التجريب والارتجال في الفن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Sanskrit epic Ramayana was a favorite text of the hill artists.","translation":"كانت الملحمة السنسكريتية رامايانا نصًا مفضلاً لفناني التلال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Rama learns of his exile and prepares to leave Ayodhya.","translation":"يتعلم راما عن نفيه ويستعد لمغادرة أيوديا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The painter carefully introduces different types of people in the scene.","translation":"يقدم الرسام بعناية أنواعًا مختلفة من الأشخاص في المشهد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The gravity of the situation is sensitively portrayed through expressions.","translation":"يتم تصوير خطورة الموقف بحساسية من خلال التعبيرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The artist depicts transparency of the garment and other details.","translation":"يصور الفنان شفافية الثوب وتفاصيل أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The artist adds an emotive value to the painting.","translation":"يضيف الفنان قيمة عاطفية للوحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Guler-Kangra phase initiated a complete transformation.","translation":"بدأت مرحلة غولر-كانغرا تحولاً كاملاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Manak and Nainsukh are attributed with changing the course of painting.","translation":"يُنسب إلى ماناك وناينسوك تغيير مسار الرسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This style is more refined and elegant compared to the Basohli style.","translation":"هذا النمط أكثر دقة وأناقة مقارنة بأسلوب باسهولي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nainsukh became the court painter of Raja Balwant Singh.","translation":"أصبح ناينسوك رسام البلاط للملك بالوانت سينغ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Manak's most outstanding work is a set of Gita Govinda.","translation":"أبرز أعمال ماناك هي مجموعة من جيتا غوفيندا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Kangra style blossomed under the patronage of Raja Sansar Chand.","translation":"ازدهر أسلوب كانغرا تحت رعاية الملك سنسار تشاند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Kangra style is marked with serene beauty and delicacy.","translation":"يتميز أسلوب كانغرا بالجمال الهادئ والرقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"fine arts","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They felt that Indians lacked training and sensibility to be able to create and appreciate fine arts.","translation":"شعروا أن الهنود يفتقرون إلى التدريب والحساسية اللازمة لإنشاء الفنون الجميلة وتقديرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These art schools tended to promote traditional Indian crafts, and academic and naturalist art that reflected Victorian tastes.","translation":"كانت هذه المدارس الفنية تميل إلى تعزيز الحرف الهندية التقليدية، والفن الأكاديمي والطبيعي الذي يعكس الأذواق الفيكتورية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India’s first nationalist art school, Kala Bhavana, was set up in 1919 as part of the newly established Visva-Bharati University in Shantiniketan.","translation":"تأسست أول مدرسة فنية قومية في الهند، كالا بهافانا، في عام 1919 كجزء من جامعة فيسفا-بهاراتي التي تم إنشاؤها حديثًا في شانتي نيكيتان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Artists from the Tagore family — Gaganendranath and poet–painter Rabindranath, thus, knew about the international trends of Cubism and Expressionism.","translation":"عرف الفنانون من عائلة تاغور - غاغاندرا ناث والشاعر الرسام رابندراناث - عن الاتجاهات العالمية للتكعيبية والتعبيرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They thought that art need not copy the world but create its own world out of forms, lines and colour patches.","translation":"اعتقدوا أن الفن لا يحتاج إلى نسخ العالم بل إنشاء عالمه الخاص من الأشكال والخطوط وبقع الألوان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Gaganendranath Tagore used the language of Cubism to create a unique style of his own.","translation":"استخدم غاغاندرا ناث تاغور لغة التكعيبية لإنشاء أسلوب فريد خاص به.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Rabindranath Tagore turned to visual art quite late in life.","translation":"تحول رابندراناث تاغور إلى الفن المرئي في وقت متأخر من حياته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"His palette was limited with black, yellow ochre, reds and browns.","translation":"كانت لوحته محدودة بالأسود والأصفر الداكن والأحمر والبني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Nandalal Bose in 1921–1922 joined the Kala Bhavana.","translation":"انضم ناندالال بوس إلى كالا بهافانا في 1921-1922.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Benode Behari Mukherjee and Ramkinker Baij, Bose’s most creative students, gave a lot of thought as how to understand the world.","translation":"أعطى بينود بيهاري موخيرجي ورامكينكر بايج، وهما أكثر طلاب بوس إبداعًا، الكثير من التفكير حول كيفية فهم العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Shantiniketan had a large population of Santhal tribe at its outskirts, and these artists often painted them and made sculptures based on them.","translation":"كان لدى شانتي نيكيتان عدد كبير من قبيلة سانثال في ضواحيها، وغالبًا ما رسم هؤلاء الفنانونهم وصنعوا منحوتات بناءً عليهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rather than making paintings around well-known epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata, Benode Behari Mukherjee was drawn to the lives of medieval saints.","translation":"بدلاً من رسم لوحات حول الملاحم الم��روفة مثل رامايانا ومهابهاراتا، انجذب بينود بيهاري موخيرجي إلى حياة القديسين في العصور الوسطى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ramkinkar Baij was an artist given to the celebration of nature.","translation":"كان رامكينكر بايج فنانًا مخصصًا للاحتفال بالطبيعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"His art reflects his everyday experiences.","translation":"يعكس فنه تجاربه اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If rural community was important for Benode Behari Mukherjee and Ramkinker Baij, Jamini Roy, too, made his art relevant to this context.","translation":"إذا كانت المجتمع الريفي مهمًا لبينود بيهاري موخيرجي ورامكينكر بايج، فقد جعل جاميني روي فنه ذا صلة بهذا السياق أيضًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Roy signed on his paintings.","translation":"وقع روي على لوحاته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Amrita Sher-Gil (1913–1941), half Hungarian and half Indian, emerges as a unique female artist.","translation":"تظهر أمريتا شير جيل (1913-1941)، نصف مجرية ونصف هندية، كفنانة أنثى فريدة من نوعها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"One of the indirect outcomes was the outbreak of the Bengal famine, which ravaged the region forcing massive rural migration to cities.","translation":"كانت إحدى النتائج غير المباشرة هي اندلاع مجاعة البنغال، التي اجتاحت المنطقة مما أجبر على هجرة ريفية جماعية إلى المدن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The group believed in an art that was universal in character and free from older values.","translation":"آمنت المجموعة بفن عالمي الطابع وخالٍ من القيم القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They wanted their paintings and sculptures to speak of their own times.","translation":"أرادوا أن تتحدث لوحاتهم ومنحوتاتهم عن أوقاتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He is smoking hukka, something that, he usually, indulged in during spells of break between work.","translation":"يدخن النرجيلة، وهو شيء كان يفعله عادةً خلال فترات الراحة بين العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Musicians are deftly placed towards the outer edge of the painting so as to indicate their presence.","translation":"يوضع الموسيقيون ببراعة نحو الحافة الخارجية للوحة للإشارة إلى وجودهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Their positioning, in the painting, suggests that they are not clamouring to be heard but ‘softly’ producing music, thus, enhancing the calmness, while Balwant Singh remains engrossed in the details of the painting that depicts Krishna.","translation":"يشير وضعهم في اللوحة إلى أنهم لا يطالبون بسماعهم بل ينتجون الموسيقى 'بهدوء'، وبالتالي يعززون الهدوء، بينما يظل بالوانت سينغ منغمسًا في تفاصيل اللوحة التي تصور كريشنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This painting also illustrates a scene from the Bhagvata Purana and depicts Nanda with his family and relatives, travelling to Vrindavan.","translation":"توضح هذه اللوحة أيضًا مشهدًا من بهاغافاتا بورانا وتصور ناندا مع عائلته وأقاربه وهم يسافرون إلى فريندافان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They found Gokul infested with demons that bothered Krishna to no end, and hence, decided to move to a safer place.","translation":"وجدوا جوكول موبوءًا بالشياطين التي أزعجت كريشنا إلى ما لا نهاية، ومن ثم قرروا الانتقال إلى مكان أكثر أمانًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"mythology","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the painting, Nanda is seen leading the group on his bullock cart and is followed by another bullock cart, wherein, both brothers, Krishna and Balaram and their respective mothers, Yashoda and Rohini, are seated.","translation":"في اللوحة، يُرى ناندا وهو يقود المجموعة على عربته التي تجرها الثيران ويتبعه عربة أخرى تجرها الثيران، حيث يجلس الأخوان، كريشنا وبالارام وأمهاتهم، ياشودا وروهيني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Men and women carrying various household items and children are seen accompanying them.","translation":"يُرى الرجال والنساء وهم يحملون أدوات منزلية مختلفة والأطفال يرافقونهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Detailing in their expressions, the activities they are indulging in are intriguing.","translation":"تفاصيل تعابيرهم والأنشطة التي يمارسونها مثيرة للاهتمام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The tilt of their heads as they talk to each other, an expression of fatigue expressed with downcast eyes because of the heaviness of load on the head and the taut stretching of arms as one firmly holds on to the vessel on the head are all examples of amazing observation and excellent skill.","translation":"إمالة رؤوسهم وهم يتحدثون مع بعضهم البعض، وتعبير الإرهاق المعبر عنه بعيون منخفضة بسبب ثقل الحمل على الرأس والتمدد المشدود للذراعين بينما يمسك المرء بإحكام بالإناء على الرأس كلها أمثلة على الملاحظة المذهلة والمهارة الممتازة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Kangra painters, as discussed in the earlier part of the chapter, acutely observe the landscape and represent it naturalistically.","translation":"رسامو كانغرا، كما نوقش في الجزء السابق من الفصل، يراقبون المناظر الطبيعية بحدة ويمثلونها بشكل طبيعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The details are eloquently expressed.","translation":"يتم التعبير عن التفاصيل ببلاغة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"One also observes a flush-cut composition, resembling a photograph, which lends naturalism to the painting.","translation":"يلاحظ المرء أيضًا تكوينًا متدفقًا، يشبه صورة فوتوغرافية، مما يضفي طبيعية على اللوحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"With the colonial rule around the eighteenth century, the English were charmed by different manners and customs of people of all ranks, tropical flora and fauna, and varying locales.","translation":"مع الحكم الاستعماري في القرن الثامن عشر تقريبًا، سحر الإنجليز بالطرق والعادات المختلفة للناس من جميع الرتب، والنباتات والحيوانات الاستوائية، والمواقع المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Partly for documentation and partly for artistic reasons, many English officers commissioned local artists to paint scenes around them to get a better idea of the natives.","translation":"جزئيًا للتوثيق وجزئيًا لأسباب فنية، كلف العديد من الضباط الإنجليز فنانين محليين برسم مشاهد من حولهم للحصول على فكرة أفضل عن السكان الأصليين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The paintings were largely made on paper by local artists, some of whom had migrated from erstwhile courts of Murshidabad, Lucknow or Delhi.","translation":"صُنعت اللوحات إلى حد كبير على الورق على أيدي فنانين محليين، هاجر بعضهم من محاكم مرشد أباد أو لكناو أو دلهي سابقًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"To please their new patrons, they had to adapt their traditional way of painting to document the world around them.","translation":"لإرضاء رعاتهم الجدد، كان عليهم تكييف طريقتهم التقليدية في الرسم لتوثيق العالم من حولهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This style declined with the entry of photography in India in the mid–nineteenth century as camera offered a better way of documentation.","translation":"تدهور هذا النمط مع دخول التصوير الفوتوغرافي إلى الهند في منتصف القرن التاسع عشر حيث قدمت الكاميرا طريقة أفضل للتوثيق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The most successful examples of this type of painting were found away from these art schools.","translation":"تم العثور على أنجح الأمثلة على هذا النوع من الرسم بعيدًا عن هذه المدارس الفنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They are best seen in the works produced by self-taught artist, Raja Ravi Varma of the Travancore Court in Kerala.","translation":"تُرى ب��كل أفضل في الأعمال التي أنتجها الفنان العصامي، راجا رافي فارما من محكمة ترافانكور في ولاية كيرالا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"By imitating copies of European paintings popular in Indian palaces, he mastered the style of academic realism and used it to depict scenes from popular epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata.","translation":"من خلال تقليد نسخ من اللوحات الأوروبية الشائعة في القصور الهندية، أتقن أسلوب الواقعية الأكاديمية واستخدمه لتصوير مشاهد من الملاحم الشعبية مثل رامايانا ومهابهاراتا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A whole hall could fully grab the attention from all sides.","translation":"يمكن لقاعة بأكملها أن تجذب الانتباه بشكل كامل من جميع الجوانب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"On one wall, you could see a painting, while on another, a video with sculptures hanging from the wall with photographs displayed in glass cases.","translation":"على أحد الجدران، يمكنك رؤية لوحة، بينما على جدار آخر، مقطع فيديو به منحوتات معلقة من الجدار مع صور معروضة في علب زجاجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It offered a new immersive experience, which affected almost all our senses.","translation":"لقد قدمت تجربة غامرة جديدة، أثرت على جميع حواسنا تقريبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"However, it was more dependent on technology and it is, therefore, not surprising that most of the early installation artists came from big cities — Nalini Malani from Mumbai and Vivan Sundaram from Delhi.","translation":"ومع ذلك، كان يعتمد بشكل أكبر على التكنولوجيا، وبالتالي، ليس من المستغرب أن معظم فناني التركيبات الأوائل جاءوا من المدن الكبيرة - ناليني مالاني من مومباي وفيفان سوندارام من دلهي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"However, their subject matter was grim and thought provoking.","translation":"ومع ذلك، كانت مادتهم قاتمة ومثيرة للتفكير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Photography, long regarded as the rival of painting because of its easy copy of world, gave new ideas to the artists.","translation":"أعطت التصوير الفوتوغرافي، الذي طالما اعتبر منافسًا للرسم بسبب سهولة نسخه للعالم، أفكارًا جديدة للفنانين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"They developed Bhupen Khakhar, Janata Watch Repairing, 1972.","translation":"قاموا بتطوير بهوبين خاخار، إصلاح ساعات جاناتا، 1972.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Many younger artists used oil or acrylic to paint in the manner of a photograph or television screen.","translation":"استخدم العديد من الفنانين الشباب الزيت أو الأكريليك للرسم على طريقة الصورة أو شاشة التلفزيون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"T. V. Santosh and Shibu Natesan used photorealism to comment on communal violence on one hand and at the same time, gave us a glimpse of the new look that cities had acquired with India’s technological advancements.","translation":"استخدم تي في سانتوش وشيبو ناتيسان الواقعية التصويرية للتعليق على العنف الطائفي من ناحية، وفي الوقت نفسه، أعطونا لمحة عن المظهر الجديد الذي اكتسبته المدن مع التطورات التكنولوجية في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Photography could also be used to document changes in society as artists saw them.","translation":"يمكن أيضًا استخدام التصوير الفوتوغرافي لتوثيق التغييرات في المجتمع كما رآها الفنانون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sheba Chachi, Ravi Agarwal and Atul Bhalla, among others, photographed those, who lived on the margins of our society, whom we do not notice much in our day-to-day life — women ascetics, queer people, and so on.","translation":"قامت شيبا تشاتشي ورافي أغاروال وأتول بهالا، من بين آخرين، بتصوير أولئك الذين يعيشون على هامش مجتمعنا، والذين لا نلاحظهم كثيرًا في حياتنا اليومية - ال��اهدات من النساء، والأشخاص الغريبي الأطوار، وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Often, they would express their concern about ecology like pollution of rivers and urban congestion.","translation":"غالبًا ما يعبرون عن قلقهم بشأن البيئة مثل تلوث الأنهار والازدحام الحضري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Photography and video have inspired many contemporary artists.","translation":"ألهم التصوير الفوتوغرافي والفيديو العديد من الفنانين المعاصرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Contemporary art is constantly changing with artists and curators experimenting with technology and redefining the role of art to better understand the world we are a part of.","translation":"الفن المعاصر يتغير باستمرار مع تجريب الفنانين والقيمين على الفن للتكنولوجيا وإعادة تعريف دور الفن لفهم العالم الذي نحن جزء منه بشكل أفضل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"At the turn of the present century, we find that almost all major cities of the country have art galleries — both private and public, and artists’ community dedicated towards creating art using a wide range of media, including digital paintings.","translation":"في مطلع القرن الحالي، نجد أن جميع المدن الكبرى تقريبًا في البلاد لديها صالات عرض فنية - خاصة وعامة، ومجتمع فنانين مكرس لإنشاء الفن باستخدام مجموعة واسعة من الوسائط، بما في ذلك اللوحات الرقمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Their experimentations, influences and expressions have been documented through catalogues.","translation":"تم توثيق تجاربهم وتأثيراتهم وتعبيراتهم من خلال الكتالوجات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Even social media has played a major role in evolving local art.","translation":"حتى وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي لعبت دورًا رئيسيًا في تطوير الفن المحلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"As a student of visual arts one must explore artists’ work in their own cities, as well as, the cities they visit, collect information about their works, visit art galleries and learn about their contribution to our society.","translation":"بصفتك طالبًا في الفنون البصرية، يجب على المرء استكشاف أعمال الفنانين في مدنهم، وكذلك المدن التي يزورونها، وجمع المعلومات حول أعمالهم، وزيارة المعارض الفنية والتعرف على مساهمتهم في مجتمعنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Project Visit the National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA) or any other museum in your city or NGMA’s website and work on a timeline to see different trends in modern Indian art after 1947 in terms of internationalism and indigenous.","translation":"مشروع قم بزيارة المعرض الوطني للفن الحديث (NGMA) أو أي متحف آخر في مدينتك أو موقع NGMA على الويب واعمل على جدول زمني لرؤية الاتجاهات المختلفة في الفن الهندي الحديث بعد عام 1947 من حيث العالمية والأصلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Students should also make a note of where the timeline ends.","translation":"يجب على الطلاب أيضًا تدوين ملاحظة حول مكان انتهاء الجدول الزمني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Various armed gods and animals or images of women at work are vividly portrayed in the outer central courtyard.","translation":"تُصوَّر بوضوح آلهة وحيوانات مسلحة مختلفة أو صور لنساء في العمل في الفناء المركزي الخارجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The inner verandah, where the family shrine is located, griha devatas and kula devatas are painted.","translation":"يتم رسم griha devatas و kula devatas في الشرفة الداخلية، حيث يقع ضريح العائلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the recent past, many paintings are done on fabric, paper, pots, etc., for commercial purposes.","translation":"في الماضي القريب، تم عمل العديد من اللوحات على القماش والورق والأواني وما إلى ذلك، لأغراض تجارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The most extraordinary and colourful painting, however, is done in the part of the house known as the kohbar ghar or inner room.","translation":"ومع ذلك، يتم عمل اللوحة الأكثر استثنائية وملونة في جزء من المنزل يُعرف باسم kohbar ghar أو الغرفة الداخلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mithila artists do not like empty spaces.","translation":"لا يحب فنانو ميثيلا المساحات الفارغة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They fill in the entire space decoratively with elements from nature like birds, flowers, animals, fish, snakes, the Sun and the moon.","translation":"يملأون المساحة بأكملها بشكل زخرفي بعناصر من الطبيعة مثل الطيور والزهور والحيوانات والأسماك والثعابين والشمس والقمر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Women paint with bamboo twigs to which some cotton swab, rice straw or fibre is attached.","translation":"ترسم النساء بأغصان الخيزران التي يتم ربط بعض مسحات القطن أو قش الأرز أو الألياف بها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In earlier days, they made colour from mineral stones and organic things, such as phalsa and kusum flowers, bilwa leaves, kajal, turmeric, etc.","translation":"في الأيام السابقة، صنعوا الألوان من الأحجار المعدنية والأشياء العضوية، مثل أزهار الفالسا والكوسوم وأوراق البيلوا والكاجال والكركم وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Married women play a central role in creating their most important painting called Chowk to mark special occasions.","translation":"تلعب النساء المتزوجات دورًا مركزيًا في إنشاء أهم لوحاتهن المسماة Chowk للاحتفال بالمناسبات الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Closely associated with the rituals of marriage, fertility, harvest and new season of sowing, Chowk is dominated by the figure of mother goddess, Palaghat.","translation":"يرتبط Chowk ارتباطًا وثيقًا بطقوس الزواج والخصوبة والحصاد وموسم البذر الجديد، ويهيمن عليه شكل الإلهة الأم، Palaghat.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"She is enclosed in a small square frame decorated with ‘pointed’ chevrons along the outer edges that symbolise Hariyali Deva, i.e., the God of Plants.","translation":"هي محاطة بإطار مربع صغير مزين بشيفرون 'مدبب' على طول الحواف الخارجية التي ترمز إلى Hariyali Deva، أي إله النباتات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Her escort and guardian is visualised as a headless warrior, riding a horse or standing beside her with five shoots of corn springing from his neck.","translation":"يتم تصور مرافقتها ووصيها على أنه محارب بلا رأس، يركب حصانًا أو يقف بجانبها مع خمسة براعم من الذرة تنبثق من عنقه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"These paintings are traditionally painted with rice flour on earth coloured walls of their homes.","translation":"تقليديًا، يتم رسم هذه اللوحات بدقيق الأرز على جدران منازلهم الملونة بالأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As mentioned earlier, are painted to promote fertility, these paintings avert diseases, propitiate the dead, and fulfill the demands of spirits.","translation":"كما ذكرنا سابقًا، يتم رسمها لتعزيز الخصوبة، وتمنع هذه اللوحات الأمراض، وتسترضي الموتى، وتفي بمتطلبات الأرواح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A bamboo stick, chewed at the end, is used as the paintbrush.","translation":"يُستخدم عود من الخيزران، ممضوغ في النهاية، كفرشاة للرسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Paintings of Gonds of Mandla and its surrounding regions have recently been transformed into a colourful depiction of animals, humans and flora.","translation":"تحولت لوحات Gonds of Mandla والمناطق المحيطة بها مؤخرًا إلى تصوير ملون للحيوانات والبشر والنباتات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The votive paintings are geometric drawings done on the walls of huts, portraying Krishna with his cows surrounded by gopis with pots on their heads.","translation":"اللوحات النذرية عبارة عن رسومات هندسية يتم إجراؤها على جدران الأكواخ، تصور كريشنا مع أبقاره محاطًا بـ gopis مع أواني على رؤوسهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"These are large wall paintings, representing rows of numerous and magnificently coloured deities depicted as horse riders.","translation":"هذه لوحات جدارية كبيرة، تمثل صفوفًا من الآلهة العديدة والملونة بشكل رائع والمصورة كفرسان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The uppermost section with riders represents the world of gods, heavenly bodies and mythical creatures.","translation":"يمثل القسم العلوي مع الفرسان عالم الآلهة والأجرام السماوية والمخلوقات الأسطورية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is also known as Pata, Pachedi, Phad, etc.","translation":"يُعرف أيضًا باسم Pata و Pachedi و Phad وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"simple"}

ar/First-Flight-English-X_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Before you read, consider the power of faith.","translation":"قبل أن تقرأ، فكر في قوة الإيمان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Lencho, a farmer, wrote a letter to God.","translation":"لينشو، مزارع، كتب رسالة إلى الله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The crops were ruined by a hailstorm.","translation":"تضررت المحاصيل بسبب عاصفة برد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He asked for a hundred pesos to survive.","translation":"طلب مائة بيزو للبقاء على قيد الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The post office employees helped him.","translation":"موظفو مكتب البريد ساعدوه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They collected money to send to Lencho.","translation":"جمعوا المال لإرساله إلى لينشو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The postmaster was a kind man.","translation":"كان رئيس مكتب البريد رجلاً طيبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Lencho received the money, but was angry.","translation":"تلقى لينشو المال، لكنه غضب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He believed God had sent less money.","translation":"اعتقد أن الله أرسل مالًا أقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He wrote another letter to God.","translation":"كتب رسالة أخرى إلى الله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The story explores the nature of faith and doubt.","translation":"تستكشف القصة طبيعة الإيمان والشك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The valley was the only place with a house.","translation":"كان الوادي هو المكان الوحيد الذي يضم منزلاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The field of ripe corn promised a good harvest.","translation":"وعد حقل الذرة الناضجة بحصاد جيد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The earth needed a downpour or a shower.","translation":"كانت الأرض بحاجة إلى هطول أمطار غزيرة أو رذاذ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Lencho knew his fields intimately.","translation":"كان لينشو يعرف حقوله بشكل حميم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The woman prepared supper.","translation":"أعدت المرأة العشاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Big drops of rain began to fall.","translation":"بدأت قطرات المطر الكبيرة تتساقط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The air was fresh and sweet.","translation":"كان الهواء منعشًا وحلوًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The hailstones resembled new silver coins.","translation":"بدت حبات البرد وكأنها عملات فضية جديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The field was white, as if covered with salt.","translation":"كان الحقل أبيض، كما لو كان مغطى بالملح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"You would not harm him!","translation":"لن تؤذيه!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Where is the machine?","translation":"أين الآلة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Then here is the end of it!","translation":"إذن هذه هي نهايتها!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"And now for your husband!","translation":"والآن لزوجك!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Neighbours, he is a sick man and almost a cripple.","translation":"أيها الجيران، إنه رجل مريض ويكاد يكون عاجزًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You have broken his machine... You have done enough...","translation":"لقد كسرت آلته... لقد فعلت ما يكفي...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Can you keep a diary for a week recording the events that occur?","translation":"هل يمكنك الاحتفاظ بمذكرات لمدة أسبوع وتسجيل الأحداث التي تحدث؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Present your thoughts in a convincing manner.","translation":"اعرض أفكارك بطريقة مقنعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The fire had spread to by London Bridge.","translation":"انتشر الحريق إلى جسر لندن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Every child feels that she/he is controlled and instructed not to do one thing or another.","translation":"يشعر كل طفل بأنه يتم التحكم فيه وتوجيهه لعدم فعل شيء أو آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Write down some of the things you want to do, but your parents/ elders do not allow you to.","translation":"اكتب بعض الأشياء التي تريد القيام بها، ولكن والديك/ كبار السن لا يسمحون لك بها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Stop that slouching and sit up straight, Amanda!","translation":"توقف عن التراخي واجلس منتصبًا، يا أماندا!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I am an orphan, roaming the street.","translation":"أنا يتيم، أجول في الشارع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Remember your acne, Amanda!","translation":"تذكر حب الشباب، يا أماندا!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Anyone would think that I nagged at you, Amanda!","translation":"أي شخص سيعتقد أنني أزعجتك، يا أماندا!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This is a pen-portrait of a traditional Goan village baker who still has an important place in his society.","translation":"هذه صورة قلمية لخباز قرية غوان التقليدي الذي لا يزال يحتل مكانة مهمة في مجتمعه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The fire in the furnaces has not yet been extinguished.","translation":"لم تنطفئ النار في الأفران بعد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Marriage gifts are meaningless without the sweet bread known as the bol, just as a party or a feast loses its charm without bread.","translation":"هدايا الزواج لا معنى لها بدون الخبز الحلو المعروف باسم بول، تمامًا كما تفقد الحفلة أو الوليمة سحرها بدون الخبز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The baker usually collected his bills at the end of the month.","translation":"عادة ما يجمع الخباز فواتيره في نهاية الشهر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Coorg is coffee country, famous for its rainforests and spices.","translation":"كُورغ هي بلد القهوة، تشتهر بغاباتها المطيرة وتوابلها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The boy lost his ball and was very sad.","translation":"فقد الصبي كُرَته وكان حزينًا جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Anne Frank's diary is a powerful testament to the human spirit.","translation":"يُعدّ يوميات آن فرانك شهادة قوية على الروح الإنسانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The teacher assigned extra homework because the student talked too much in class.","translation":"أعطى المعلم واجبًا منزليًا إضافيًا لأن الطالب تحدث كثيرًا في الفصل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Epistemology is the study of the nature of knowledge.","translation":"نظرية المعرفة هي دراسة طبيعة المعرفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The family went into hiding to escape persecution.","translation":"لجأت العائلة إلى الاختباء للهروب من الاضطهاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He was staring down at the harbor.","translation":"كان يحدق في الميناء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The diary was translated into many languages.","translation":"ترجمت اليوميات إلى العديد من اللغات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The boy is learning about loss.","translation":"يتعلم الصبي عن الفقد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She felt a great need to get things off her chest.","translation":"شعرت بحاجة ماسة للتنفيس عما في داخلها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The teacher was annoyed with her for ages.","translation":"كان المعلم منزعجًا منها لفترة طويلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The class was quaking in its boots.","translation":"كان الفصل يرتجف خوفًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He argued that talking is a student's trait.","translation":"جادل بأن التحدث هو سمة من سمات الطالب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The poem was about a mother duck and her ducklings.","translation":"كانت القصيدة عن بطة أم وصغارها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The diary provides an intimate examination of daily life.","translation":"تقدم اليوميات فحصًا حميميًا للحياة اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She was assigned an essay on 'A Chatterbox'.","translation":"تم تكليفها بمقال بعنوان 'ثرثارة'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The family was betrayed and transported to a concentration camp.","translation":"تعرضت العائلة للخيانة ونُقلت إلى معسكر اعتقال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The world of possessions can be complex.","translation":"عالم الممتلكات يمكن أن يكون معقدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The teacher made jokes these days.","translation":"المعلم يطلق النكات هذه الأيام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She was born in Frankfurt.","translation":"ولدت في فرانكفورت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The diary was a unique record.","translation":"كانت اليوميات سجلًا فريدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Nelson Mandela became the first black President of South Africa.","translation":"أصبح نيلسون مانديلا أول رئيس أسود لجنوب أفريقيا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The inauguration ceremony took place in Pretoria.","translation":"أقيم حفل التنصيب في بريتوريا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mandela spoke about a historic occasion, 'the inauguration'.","translation":"تحدث مانديلا عن مناسبة تاريخية، 'حفل التنصيب'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"More than 100,000 people celebrated together.","translation":"احتفل أكثر من 100 ألف شخص معًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The ceremonies took place in the lovely sandstone amphitheatre.","translation":"أقيمت الاحتفالات في المدرج الرملي الجميل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This had been the seat of white supremacy.","translation":"كان هذا هو مقر التفوق الأبيض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I pledged to obey and uphold the Constitution.","translation":"تعهدت بطاعة ودعم الدستور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We thank all of our distinguished international guests.","translation":"نشكر جميع ضيوفنا الدوليين الموقرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation.","translation":"لقد حققنا أخيرًا تحررنا السياسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another.","translation":"لن يحدث مرة أخرى أبدًا أن تشهد هذه الأرض الجميلة قمعًا من قبل شخص آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The sun shall never set on so glorious a human achievement.","translation":"لن تغرب الشمس أبدًا على مثل هذا الإنجاز الإنساني المجيد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The military’s loyalty to democracy was demonstrated.","translation":"تم إظهار ولاء الجيش للديمقراطية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"military","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I was overwhelmed with a sense of history.","translation":"شعرت بالذهول بإحساس بالتاريخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The policy of apartheid created a deep and lasting wound.","translation":"خلقت سياسة الفصل العنصري جرحًا عميقًا ودائمًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"history","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it.","translation":"الشجاعة لم تكن غياب الخوف، بل الانتصار عليه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"philosophy","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"No one is born hating another person because of the colour of his skin.","translation":"لا يولد أحد وهو يكره شخصًا آخر بسبب لون بشرته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"philosophy","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love.","translation":"يجب على الناس أن يتعلموا الكراهية، وإذا تمكنوا من تعلم الكراهية، فيمكن تعليمهم الحب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"philosophy","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Freedom is indivisible.","translation":"الحرية غير قابلة للتجزئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The chains on anyone of my people were the chains on all of them.","translation":"الأغلال على أي من شعبي كانت الأغلال على جميعهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A man who takes away another man’s freedom is a prisoner of hatred.","translation":"الرجل الذي يسلب حرية رجل آخر هو سجين الكراهية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The young seagull was alone on his ledge.","translation":"كان النورس الصغير وحيدًا على حافته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"His two brothers and his sister had already flown away the day before.","translation":"كان شقيقاه وشقيقته قد طاروا بالفعل في اليوم السابق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He had been afraid to fly with them.","translation":"كان خائفًا من الطيران معهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The great expanse of sea stretched down beneath, and it was such a long way down — miles down.","translation":"امتدت مساحة البحر الشاسعة إلى الأسفل، وكانت مسافة طويلة جدًا إلى الأسفل - أميال إلى الأسفل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He felt certain that his wings would never support him; so he bent his head and ran away back to the little hole under the ledge where he slept at night.","translation":"شعر بأنه متأكد من أن جناحيه لن يدعمانه أبدًا؛ لذلك ثنى رأسه وهرب عائدًا إلى الحفرة الصغيرة تحت الحافة حيث كان ينام في الليل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Even when each of his brothers and his little sister, whose wings were far shorter than his own, ran to the brink, flapped their wings, and flew away, he failed to muster up courage to take that plunge which appeared to him so desperate.","translation":"حتى عندما ركض كل من إخوته وأخته الصغيرة، اللذين كان جناحيهما أقصر بكثير من جناحيه، إلى الحافة، ورفرفوا بأجنحتهم، وطاروا بعيدًا، فقد فشل في جمع الشجاعة للقيام بهذه الغطسة التي بدت له يائسة للغاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"His father and mother had come around calling to him shrilly, upbraiding him, threatening to let him starve on his ledge unless he flew away.","translation":"كان أبوه وأمه قد أتوا من حوله ينادونه بصوت عالٍ، ويوبخونه، ويهددانه بتركه يتضور جوعًا على حافته ما لم يطير بعيدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"But for the life of him he could not move.","translation":"لكن من أجل حياته لم يستطع التحرك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"That was twenty-four hours ago.","translation":"كان ذلك قبل أربع وعشرين ساعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Since then nobody had come near him.","translation":"منذ ذلك الحين لم يقترب منه أحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The day before, all day long, he had watched his parents flying about with his brothers and sister, perfecting them in the art of flight, teaching them how to skim the waves and how to dive for fish.","translation":"في اليوم السابق، طوال اليوم، كان يشاهد والديه يطيران مع إخوته وأخته، ويتقنانهما في فن الطيران، ويعلمانهما كيفية الانزلاق فوق الأمواج وكيفية الغوص بحثًا عن الأسماك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"He had, in fact, seen his older brother catch his first herring and devour it, standing on a rock, while his parents circled around raising a proud cackle.","translation":"في الواقع، رأى أخاه ال��كبر يصطاد أول سمكة رنجة له ويلتهمها، وهو يقف على صخرة، بينما كان والداه يدوران حوله ويرفعان ضحكة فخورة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"And all the morning the whole family had walked about on the big plateau midway down the opposite cliff taunting him with his cowardice.","translation":"وفي الصباح كله، كانت العائلة بأكملها قد سارت على الهضبة الكبيرة في منتصف الطريق أسفل المنحدر المقابل، وهي تسخر منه بجبنه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The sun was now ascending the sky, blazing on his ledge that faced the south.","translation":"كانت الشمس الآن تصعد في السماء، وتتوهج على حافته التي تواجه الجنوب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He felt the heat because he had not eaten since the previous nightfall.","translation":"شعر بالحرارة لأنه لم يأكل منذ حلول الليل السابق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He stepped slowly out to the brink of the ledge, and standing on one leg with the other leg hidden under his wing, he closed one eye, then the other, and pretended to be falling asleep.","translation":"خرج ببطء إلى حافة الحافة، ووقف على ساق واحدة مع إخفاء الساق الأخرى تحت جناحه، وأغلق عينًا واحدة، ثم الأخرى، وتظاهر بأنه يغفو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Still they took no notice of him.","translation":"ومع ذلك لم يلاحظوه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He saw his two brothers and his sister lying on the plateau dozing with their heads sunk into their necks.","translation":"رأى شقيقيه وأخته مستلقين على الهضبة وهم يغفون ورؤوسهم مغمورة في أعناقهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"His father was preening the feathers on his white back.","translation":"كان والده ينظف الريش على ظهره الأبيض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Only his mother was looking at him.","translation":"فقط أمه كانت تنظر إليه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The sun was shining brightly, warming the earth.","translation":"كانت الشمس مشرقة، تدفئ الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She carefully placed the fragile vase on the table.","translation":"وضعت بعناية المزهرية الهشة على الطاولة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The news reported a significant increase in the stock market.","translation":"أفادت الأخبار عن زيادة كبيرة في سوق الأسهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Despite the challenges, the team remained optimistic about the project's success.","translation":"على الرغم من التحديات، ظل الفريق متفائلاً بشأن نجاح المشروع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The algorithm efficiently processed the large dataset.","translation":"قامت الخوارزمية بمعالجة مجموعة البيانات الكبيرة بكفاءة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He decided to pursue a career in medicine after volunteering at the hospital.","translation":"قرر أن يسعى للحصول على مهنة في الطب بعد التطوع في المستشفى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company's innovative approach revolutionized the industry.","translation":"أحدث نهج الشركة المبتكر ثورة في الصناعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The complex geopolitical situation required careful diplomatic negotiations.","translation":"تطلبت الوضع الجيوسياسي المعقد مفاوضات دبلوماسية حذرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The philosophical debate explored the nature of consciousness and reality.","translation":"استكشف النقاش الفلسفي طبيعة الوعي والواقع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"philosophy","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The scientist conducted rigorous experiments to validate the hypothesis.","translation":"أجرى العالم تجارب صارمة للتحقق من الفرضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"science","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Could you please pass me the salt?","translation":"هل يمكنك من فضلك أن تناولي الملح؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I am feeling a little tired today.","translation":"أشعر بالتعب قليلاً اليوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What is your favorite color?","translation":"ما هو لونك المفضل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The weather forecast predicts rain for tomorrow.","translation":"تتوقع توقعات الطقس هطول الأمطار غدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The museum displayed a collection of ancient artifacts.","translation":"عرض المتحف مجموعة من القطع الأثرية القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government implemented new policies to address the economic crisis.","translation":"نفذت الحكومة سياسات جديدة لمعالجة الأزمة الاقتصادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The intricate design of the building was admired by many.","translation":"حظي التصميم المعقد للمبنى بإعجاب الكثيرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The negotiations reached an impasse due to conflicting interests.","translation":"وصلت المفاوضات إلى طريق مسدود بسبب المصالح المتضاربة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The research paper presented groundbreaking findings in the field of genetics.","translation":"قدمت الورقة البحثية نتائج رائدة في مجال علم الوراثة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"science","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The artist's unique style was evident in every brushstroke.","translation":"كان أسلوب الفنان الفريد واضحًا في كل ضربة فرشاة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"art","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Buddha's teachings emphasize the importance of understanding suffering.","translation":"تؤكد تعاليم بوذا على أهمية فهم المعاناة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Grief is a natural emotion experienced after loss.","translation":"الحزن عاطفة طبيعية تُختبر بعد الفقد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The play explores the themes of love, marriage, and social status.","translation":"تستكشف المسرحية موضوعات الحب والزواج والمكانة الاجتماعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He was a wealthy landowner with a large estate.","translation":"كان مالك أرض ثريًا يمتلك عقارًا كبيرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The young man was dressed in formal attire for the occasion.","translation":"كان الشاب يرتدي ملابس رسمية لهذه المناسبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She was experiencing difficulty sleeping and loss of appetite.","translation":"كانت تعاني من صعوبة في النوم وفقدان الشهية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"medical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The couple argued over a piece of land.","translation":"تجادل الزوجان حول قطعة أرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The play is a farce, filled with humorous situations.","translation":"المسرحية هزلية، مليئة بالمواقف الفكاهية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He was nervous and excited about the proposal.","translation":"كان متوتراً ومتحمسًا بشأن الاقتراح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The characters in the play are often quarrelsome.","translation":"غالبًا ما تكون الشخصيات في المسرحية متخاصمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The wedding ceremony involved several traditional customs.","translation":"تضمنت مراسم الزفاف العديد من العادات التقليدية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The groom had to answer questions to reach the bride.","translation":"كان على العريس الإجابة على الأسئلة للوصول إلى العروس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The play satirizes the social conventions of the time.","translation":"تسخر المسرحية من الأعراف الاجتماعية في ذلك الوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The characters' personalities are well-defined.","translation":"شخصيات الشخصيات محددة جيدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The play explores the complexities of human relationships.","translation":"تستكشف المسرحية تعقيدات العلاقات الإنسانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The author uses humor to highlight the absurdity of the situation.","translation":"يستخدم المؤلف الفكاهة لإبراز عبثية الموقف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The play's dialogue is witty and engaging.","translation":"حوار المسرحية ذكي وجذاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The themes of love and loss are universal.","translation":"مواضيع الحب والفقد عالمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The play's ending is both surprising and satisfying.","translation":"نهاية المسرحية مفاجئة ومرضية في نفس الوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The characters' motivations are complex and often contradictory.","translation":"دوافع الشخصيات معقدة وغالبًا ما تكون متناقضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The sturdy shade trees provided a cool respite from the sun.","translation":"أشجار الظل القوية وفرت ملاذاً بارداً من الشمس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The tea garden was a vibrant green, a welcome sight after the long journey.","translation":"كانت حديقة الشاي خضراء نابضة بالحياة، وهي منظر مرحب به بعد الرحلة الطويلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rajvir was excited to learn about the history of tea and its various legends.","translation":"كان راجفير متحمسًا لمعرفة تاريخ الشاي وأساطيره المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Pranjol, having grown up on a tea plantation, was less impressed by the scenery.","translation":"برانجول، الذي نشأ في مزرعة شاي، كان أقل إعجابًا بالمناظر الطبيعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The train journey was long, but the anticipation of reaching Dhekiabari kept them going.","translation":"كانت رحلة القطار طويلة، لكن الترقب للوصول إلى ديكياباري أبقاهم مستمرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The tea pluckers worked diligently, their movements as rhythmic as the seasons.","translation":"عمل جامعي الشاي بجد، وكانت حركاتهم منتظمة مثل الفصول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The car veered sharply off the main road, heading towards the tea estate.","translation":"انحرفت السيارة فجأة عن الطريق الرئيسي، متجهة نحو مزرعة الشاي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The neatly pruned tea bushes stretched for acres, a testament to careful cultivation.","translation":"امتدت شجيرات الشاي المشذبة بدقة لأفدنة، وهي دليل على الزراعة الدقيقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rajvir had done his homework, impressing Mr. Barua with his knowledge.","translation":"كان راجفير قد أعد واجباته المدرسية، وأثار إعجاب السيد باروا بمعرفته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The second-flush period, from May to July, yields the best tea.","translation":"فترة التدفق الثانية، من مايو إلى يوليو، تنتج أفضل أنواع الشاي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The story of the Chinese emperor and the accidental discovery of tea is well-known.","translation":"قصة الإمبراطور الصيني والاكتشاف العرضي للشاي معروفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Indian legend of Bodhidharma and the tea plants is equally fascinating.","translation":"أسطورة بوديدهارما الهندية ونباتات الشاي رائعة بنفس القدر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tea's journey to Europe in the sixteenth century was a significant event.","translation":"كانت رحلة الشاي إلى أوروبا في القرن السادس عشر حدثًا مهمًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The train clattered into Mariani junction, signaling their arrival.","translation":"اصطدم القطار بمحطة مارياني، مما يشير إلى وصولهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Pranjol's parents were waiting, ready to welcome them to Dhekiabari.","translation":"كان والدا برانجول في الانتظار، على استعداد للترحيب بهم في ديكياباري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The gravel road led them deeper into the heart of the tea estate.","translation":"قادهم الطريق الحصوي إلى أعماق قلب مزرعة الشاي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The groups of tea-pluckers worked tirelessly, their baskets filling with leaves.","translation":"عملت مجموعات جامعي الشاي بلا كلل، وامتلأت سلالهم بالأوراق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The car slowed to allow a tractor to pass, a common sight in the tea gardens.","translation":"أبطأت السيارة للسماح بمرور جرار، وهو مشهد شائع في حدائق الشاي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Rajvir's enthusiasm for tea was evident in his questions and observations.","translation":"كان حماس راجفير للشاي واضحًا في أسئلته وملاحظاته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The tea estate was a world unto itself, a place of beauty and industry.","translation":"كانت مزرعة الشاي عالمًا بحد ذاته، مكانًا للجمال والصناعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The bus was now going along the bank of a canal.","translation":"كانت الحافلة تسير الآن على طول ضفة قناة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She wanted to ride on that bus, even if just once.","translation":"أرادت أن تركب تلك الحافلة، ولو لمرة واحدة فقط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The sight of the bus, filled each time with a new set of passengers, was a source of unending joy for Valli.","translation":"كان منظر الحافلة، المليئة في كل مرة بمجموعة جديدة من الركاب، مصدر فرح لا ينتهي بالنسبة لـفالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Valli would stare wistfully at the people who got on or off the bus when it stopped at the street corner.","translation":"كانت فالي تحدق بحنين إلى الأشخاص الذين صعدوا أو نزلوا من الحافلة عندما توقفت عند زاوية الشارع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The town was six miles from her village.","translation":"كانت البلدة تبعد ستة أميال عن قريتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The fare was thirty paise one way — “which is almost nothing at all,” she heard one well-dressed man say, but to Valli, who scarcely saw that much money from one month to the next, it seemed a fortune.","translation":"كانت الأجرة ثلاثين بيسة في اتجاه واحد - “وهو ما لا يكاد يذكر على الإطلاق،” كما سمعت رجلاً حسن المظهر يقول، ولكن بالنسبة لـفالي، التي بالكاد رأت هذا القدر من المال من شهر إلى آخر، بدا الأمر وكأنه ثروة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"She showed him some coins.","translation":"أظهرت له بعض العملات المعدنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“Never mind,” she said, “I can get on by myself. You don’t have to help me.”","translation":"قالت: “لا يهم، يمكنني الصعود بنفسي. لست مضطرًا لمساعدتي.”","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The conductor was a jolly sort, fond of joking.","translation":"كان المراقب من النوع المرح، يحب المزاح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It was the slack time of day, and there were only six or seven passengers on the bus.","translation":"كان الوقت متراخياً من اليوم، ولم يكن هناك سوى ستة أو سبعة ركاب في الحافلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Valli was overcome with shyness.","translation":"غمرت فالي الخجل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The seats were soft and luxurious.","translation":"كانت المقاعد ناعمة وفاخرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"So she stood up on the seat and peered over the blind.","translation":"لذا وقفت على المقعد وتطلعت فوق الستارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"On one side there was the canal and, beyond it, palm trees, grassland, distant mountains, and the blue, blue sky.","translation":"على أحد الجانبين كانت هناك القناة، ووراءها أشجار النخيل والأراضي العشبية والجبال البعيدة والسماء الزرقاء الزرقاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“There’s nobody here who’s a child,” she said haughtily.","translation":"قالت بتبجح: “لا يوجد هنا طفل.”","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“I’ve paid my thirty paise like everyone else.”","translation":"“لقد دفعت ثلاثين بيسة مثل أي شخص آخر.”","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“I am not a madam. Please remember that. And you’ve not yet given me my ticket.”","translation":"“أنا لست سيدة. يرجى تذكر ذلك. ولم تعطني تذكرتي بعد.”","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Everyone laughed, and gradually Valli too joined in the laughter.","translation":"ضحك الجميع، وانضمت فالي تدريجياً إلى الضحك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“Because I want to,” she answered, standing up again.","translation":"أجابت: “لأنني أريد ذلك”، وهي تقف مرة أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Her first journey — what careful, painstaking, elaborate plans she had had to make for it!","translation":"رحلتها الأولى - يا لها من خطط دقيقة ومضنية ومفصلة كان عليها أن تضعها من أجلها!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What's the matter?","translation":"ما الأمر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Oxen Meadows are mine!","translation":"مراعي الأبقار ملكي!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I'll prove it!","translation":"سأثبت ذلك!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My mowers will be there this very day!","translation":"سيكون عمالي هناك في هذا اليوم!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You dare!","translation":"تجرؤ!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Please don’t shout!","translation":"من فضلك لا تصرخ!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If it wasn’t, madam, for this awful, excruciating palpitation, if my whole inside wasn’t upset, I’d talk to you in a different way!","translation":"لو لم يكن الأمر كذلك، يا سيدتي، بسبب هذا الخفقان الرهيب والمؤلم، ولو لم يكن كل ما بداخلي مضطربًا، لكنت تحدثت إليك بطريقة مختلفة!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What are you shouting for?","translation":"لماذا تصرخ؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Darling, the Meadows are ours!","translation":"عزيزي، المراعي لنا!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do be a reasonable man!","translation":"كن رجلاً عاقلاً!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You forget just this, that the peasants didn’t pay your grandmother and all that, because the Meadows were in dispute, and so on.","translation":"أنت تنسى هذا فحسب، أن الفلاحين لم يدفعوا لجدتك وكل ذلك، لأن المراعي كانت محل نزاع، وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"I’ll prove to you that they’re mine!","translation":"سأثبت لك أنهم ملكي!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why yell like that?","translation":"لماذا تصرخ هكذا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I don’t want anything of yours, and don’t intend to give up what I have.","translation":"لا أريد شيئًا من ممتلكاتك، ولا أنوي التخلي عما أملكه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You may take it that I know whether I have the right or not.","translation":"يمكنك أن تعتبر أنني أعرف ما إذا كان لدي الحق أم لا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Good neighbours don’t behave like that, Stepan Stepanovitch!","translation":"الجيران الجيدون لا يتصرفون هكذا، يا ستيبان ستيبانوفيتش!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Papa, send the mowers out to the Meadows at once!","translation":"أبي، أرسل عمال الجز إلى المراعي على الفور!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You can take it to court, and all that!","translation":"يمكنك أن تأخذ الأمر إلى المحكمة، وكل ذلك!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You Lomovs have had lunacy in your family, all of you!","translation":"لقد كان لدى عائلة لوموف جنون، كلكم!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"My heart’s palpitating awfully.","translation":"قلبي يخفق بشدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"drama","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How dare they be so insolent?","translation":"كيف يجرؤون على أن يكونوا وقحين للغاية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Are you not...","translation":"أنت لست...","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I am very busy this afternoon and cannot stop to argue it out.","translation":"أنا مشغول جدًا بعد ظهر هذا اليوم ولا يمكنني التوقف للمجادلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"But I must refuse to tyrannise.","translation":"لكن يجب أن أرفض الاستبداد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It would not be tyranny for selfish gain, but for the sake of the country.","translation":"لن يكون هذا استبدادًا لتحقيق مكاسب أنانية، بل من أجل مصلحة البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"To tyrannise for the country is to tyrannise over the country.","translation":"الاستبداد من أجل البلد هو الاستبداد على البلد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"politics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"But that I am afraid you will never understand.","translation":"لكنني أخشى أنك لن تفهم ذلك أبدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In groups, discuss the qualities one should look for in a marriage partner.","translation":"في مجموعات، ناقش الصفات التي يجب على المرء البحث عنها في شريك الزواج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Personal qualities – Appearance or looks – Attitudes and beliefs – Sense of humour","translation":"الصفات الشخصية - المظهر أو الشكل - المواقف والمعتقدات - حس الفكاهة","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Value system – Compassion and kindness – Tolerance, ambition – Attitude to money and wealth","translation":"نظام القيم - التعاطف واللطف - التسامح والطموح - الموقف من المال والثروة","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Education and professional background","translation":"التعليم والخلفية المهنية","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Are there parts of the play that remind you of film scenes from romantic comedies?","translation":"هل هناك أجزاء من المسرحية تذكرك بمشاهد سينمائية من الكوميديا الرومانسية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Discuss this in groups, and recount to the rest of the class episodes similar to those in the play.","translation":"ناقش هذا في مجموعات، وأعد سرد حلقات مماثلة لتلك الموجودة في المسرحية لبقية الفصل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He was born at Stratford-on-Avon in April 1564.","translation":"ولد في ستراتفورد أبون أفون في أبريل 1564.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"His father was an important public figure in Stratford.","translation":"كان والده شخصية عامة مهمة في ستراتفورد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"People believe that he received a decent grammar-school education in literature, logic, and Latin (mathematics and natural science did not form part of the curriculum).","translation":"يعتقد الناس أنه تلقى تعليمًا لائقًا في مدرسة القواعد في الأدب والمنطق واللاتينية (لم تكن الرياضيات والعلوم الطبيعية جزءًا من المنهج).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"When he was eighteen, he married Anne Hathaway, who was eight years his senior.","translation":"عندما كان في الثامنة عشرة من عمره، تزوج من آن هاثاواي، التي كانت تكبره بثماني سنوات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He seems to have prospered in the London theatre world.","translation":"يبدو أنه ازدهر في عالم المسرح في لندن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He probably began his career as an actor in London, and he earned enough as author to acquire landed property.","translation":"ربما بدأ حياته المهنية كممثل في لندن، وحقق ما يكفي كمؤلف للحصول على ممتلكات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"When he was forty-seven, he retired to a large house in Stratford.","translation":"عندما كان في السابعة والأربعين من عمره، تقاعد إلى منزل كبير في ستراتفورد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"literature","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/Footprints-without-Feet-English-X_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,120 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"The old woman sat on the park bench, watching the children play.","translation":"جلست العجوز على مقعد الحديقة، وهي تشاهد الأطفال يلعبون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company announced a new product launch next month.","translation":"أعلنت الشركة عن إطلاق منتج جديد الشهر المقبل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Could you please pass me the salt?","translation":"هل يمكنك من فضلك أن تناولي الملح؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The algorithm efficiently sorts the data.","translation":"تقوم الخوارزمية بفرز البيانات بكفاءة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Despite the challenges, they persevered and succeeded.","translation":"على الرغم من التحديات، فقد ثابروا ونجحوا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The economic forecast predicts a period of growth.","translation":"تتوقع التوقعات الاقتصادية فترة نمو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The intricate design of the building was admired by all.","translation":"أعجب الجميع بالتصميم المعقد للمبنى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The scientist conducted a series of experiments to test the hypothesis.","translation":"أجرى العالم سلسلة من التجارب لاختبار الفرضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The complexities of international relations are often underestimated.","translation":"غالبًا ما يتم التقليل من تعقيدات العلاقات الدولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The philosophical implications of artificial intelligence are far-reaching.","translation":"الآثار الفلسفية للذكاء الاصطناعي بعيدة المدى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The government implemented new policies to address climate change.","translation":"نفذت الحكومة سياسات جديدة لمعالجة تغير المناخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The novel explores themes of identity and belonging in a globalized world.","translation":"تستكشف الرواية موضوعات الهوية والانتماء في عالم معولم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The company's innovative approach disrupted the market.","translation":"أحدث نهج الشركة المبتكر اضطرابًا في السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The artist's use of color and light created a stunning effect.","translation":"أحدث استخدام الفنان للألوان والضوء تأثيرًا مذهلاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The research findings challenged existing theories.","translation":"تحدت نتائج البحث النظريات الموجودة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The negotiations reached an impasse after several rounds of talks.","translation":"وصلت المفاوضات إلى طريق مسدود بعد عدة جولات من المحادثات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The historical context is crucial for understanding the events.","translation":"السياق التاريخي أمر بالغ الأهمية لفهم الأحداث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The implications of the new law are still being debated.","translation":"لا تزال آثار القانون الجديد قيد النقاش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The complex interplay of factors made the outcome uncertain.","translation":"جعل التفاعل المعقد للعوامل النتيجة غير مؤكدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The technological advancements have transformed the industry.","translation":"أدت التطورات التكنولوجية إلى تحويل الصناعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The fat man chuckled to himself as he unlocked the door.","translation":"قهقه الرجل السمين لنفسه وهو يفتح الباب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"You are disillusioned, but take cheer, my young friend.","translation":"أنتِ مُحبطة، ولكن لا تيأسي يا صديقتي الشابة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Presently you will see a paper, a quite important paper.","translation":"سترين قريبًا ورقة، ورقة مهمة جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Another secret agent, Max, threatens him with a pistol.","translation":"عميل سري آخر، ماكس، يهدده بمسدس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Does Ausable outwit him?","translation":"هل يخدعه أوسابل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Some day soon that paper may well affect the course of history.","translation":"قد تؤثر تلك الورقة قريبًا على مجرى التاريخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"As he spoke, Ausable closed the door behind him.","translation":"بينما كان يتحدث، أغلق أوسابل الباب خلفه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"For halfway across the room, a small automatic pistol in his hand, stood a man.","translation":"في منتصف الغرفة، كان هناك رجل يحمل مسدسًا صغيرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Max, you gave me quite a start.","translation":"ماكس، لقد فاجأتني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I thought you were in Berlin.","translation":"اعتقدت أنك في برلين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What are you doing here in my room?","translation":"ماذا تفعل هنا في غرفتي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The report that is being brought to you tonight concerning some new missiles.","translation":"التقرير الذي سيُحضر إليك الليلة يتعلق ببعض الصواريخ الجديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"I thought I would take it from you.","translation":"اعتقدت أنني سآخذه منك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It will be safer in my hands than in yours.","translation":"سيكون أكثر أمانًا في يدي منه في يدك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I’m going to raise the devil with the management this time.","translation":"سأثير غضب الإدارة هذه المرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This is the second time in a month that somebody has got into my room through that nuisance of a balcony!","translation":"هذه هي المرة الثانية في الشهر التي يدخل فيها شخص ما إلى غرفتي من خلال تلك الشرفة المزعجة!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It was an ordinary window, against which now the night was pressing blackly.","translation":"كانت نافذة عادية، تضغط عليها الليلة الآن بسواد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"No, a passkey. I did not know about the balcony.","translation":"لا، مفتاح رئيسي. لم أكن أعرف عن الشرفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The management promised to block it off. But they haven’t.","translation":"وعدت الإدارة بإغلاقها. لكنهم لم يفعلوا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Please sit down. We have a wait of half an hour, I think.","translation":"من فضلك اجلس. أعتقد أن لدينا نصف ساعة من الانتظار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mrs. Pumphrey was worried about Tricki because he had become hugely fat and listless.","translation":"كانت السيدة بومفري قلقة بشأن تريكي لأنه أصبح سمينًا جدًا وخاملًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She tried to help him by giving him extra food between meals, like malt and cod-liver oil.","translation":"حاولت مساعدته بإعطائه طعامًا إضافيًا بين الوجبات، مثل الشعير وزيت كبد سمك القد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The narrator, a veterinary surgeon, was shocked by Tricki's appearance.","translation":"الراوي، وهو جراح بيطري، صُدم بمظهر تريكي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Tricki's only fault was greed; he would eat at any hour of the day or night.","translation":"كانت عيب تريكي الوحيد هو الجشع؛ كان يأكل في أي ساعة من النهار أو الليل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The narrator advised Mrs. Pumphrey to cut down on Tricki's food and give him more exercise.","translation":"نصح الراوي السيدة بومفري بتقليل طعام تريكي ومنحه المزيد من ال��مارين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mrs. Pumphrey was distraught when Tricki refused to eat and started vomiting.","translation":"أصيبت السيدة بومفري بالضيق عندما رفض تريكي الأكل وبدأ في التقيؤ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The narrator decided to hospitalize Tricki for observation.","translation":"قرر الراوي إدخال تريكي المستشفى للمراقبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The staff brought all of Tricki's belongings to the car.","translation":"أحضر الموظفون جميع متعلقات تريكي إلى السيارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mrs. Pumphrey was in tears as she watched Tricki leave.","translation":"كانت السيدة بومفري في حالة بكاء وهي تشاهد تريكي يغادر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"At the surgery, Tricki was ignored by the other dogs.","translation":"في الجراحة، تجاهلت الكلاب الأخرى تريكي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The narrator gave Tricki no food for two days but plenty of water.","translation":"لم يعطِ الراوي تريكي طعامًا لمدة يومين ولكنه أعطاه الكثير من الماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tricki started to show interest in his surroundings on the second day.","translation":"بدأ تريكي في إظهار الاهتمام بمحيطه في اليوم الثاني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He soon joined the other dogs in their games and became an accepted member of the gang.","translation":"سرعان ما انضم إلى الكلاب الأخرى في ألعابهم وأصبح عضوًا مقبولًا في العصابة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mrs. Pumphrey brought fresh eggs and wine to build up Tricki's strength.","translation":"أحضرت السيدة بومفري البيض الطازج والنبيذ لبناء قوة تريكي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The narrator was tempted to keep Tricki as a permanent guest.","translation":"تم إغراء الراوي بالإبقاء على تريكي كضيف دائم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tricki had recovered and was awaiting collection.","translation":"تعافى تريكي وكان ينتظر الاستلام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mrs. Pumphrey was overjoyed to see Tricki.","translation":"شعرت السيدة بومفري بفرحة غامرة لرؤية تريكي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Tricki leaped into Mrs. Pumphrey's lap and showered her with affection.","translation":"قفز تريكي في حضن السيدة بومفري وأغرقها بالمودة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mrs. Pumphrey declared that Tricki's recovery was a triumph of surgery.","translation":"أعلنت السيدة بومفري أن تعافي تريكي كان انتصارًا للجراحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The story highlights the foolish behavior of a rich, indulgent woman.","translation":"تسلط القصة الضوء على السلوك الأحمق لامرأة غنية ومتساهلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The day of the ball approached and Mme Loisel seemed sad, disturbed, anxious.","translation":"اقترب يوم الحفل وبدت السيدة لوازيل حزينة وقلقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She was the prettiest of all — elegant, gracious, smiling and full of joy.","translation":"كانت الأجمل على الإطلاق - أنيقة ولطيفة ومبتسمة ومليئة بالفرح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She wished to hurry away in order not to be noticed by the other women who were wrapping themselves in rich furs.","translation":"أرادت أن تسرع بعيدًا حتى لا تلاحظها النساء الأخريات اللواتي كن يلففن أنفسهن بالفراء الثمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Suddenly she uttered a cry. Her necklace was not around her neck.","translation":"فجأة أطلقت صرخة. لم يكن عقدها حول عنقها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She turned towards him excitedly. “I have — I have — I no longer have Mme Forestier’s necklace.”","translation":"التفتت نحوه بحماس. \"لدي - لدي - لم يعد لدي عقد ��لسيدة فورستير.\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They could not find it.","translation":"لم يتمكنوا من العثور عليه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Finally Loisel dressed himself again.","translation":"أخيرًا، ارتدى لوازيل ملابسه مرة أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In a shop of the Palais-Royal, they found a chaplet of diamonds, which seemed to them exactly like the one they had lost.","translation":"في متجر في قصر رويال، وجدوا مسبحة من الماس، بدت لهم تمامًا مثل تلك التي فقدوها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mme Forestier did not open the jewel-box as Mme Loisel feared she would.","translation":"لم تفتح السيدة فورستير علبة المجوهرات كما خشيت السيدة لوازيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She learned the odious work of a kitchen.","translation":"تعلمت العمل البغيض في المطبخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She washed the dishes.","translation":"غسلت الأطباق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She washed the soiled linen, their clothes and dishcloths, which she hung on the line to dry.","translation":"غسلت الكتان المتسخ وملابسهم ومناشف الأطباق، والتي علقتها على الحبل لتجف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She spoke in a loud tone, and washed the floors with large pails of water.","translation":"تحدثت بصوت عالٍ، وغسلت الأرضيات بدلاء كبيرة من الماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How singular is life, and how full of changes!","translation":"كم هي الحياة غريبة، وكم هي مليئة بالتغييرات!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One Sunday as she was taking a walk in the Champs-Elysees to rid herself of the cares of the week, she suddenly perceived a woman walking with a child.","translation":"في أحد أيام الأحد بينما كانت تتنزه في الشانزليزيه للتخلص من هموم الأسبوع، لاحظت فجأة امرأة تسير مع طفل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Her friend did not recognise her and was astonished to be so familiarly addressed by this common personage.","translation":"لم تتعرف عليها صديقتها ودهشت من مخاطبتها بهذه الطريقة المألوفة من قبل هذه الشخصية العادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“Yes, I have had some hard days since I saw you; and some miserable ones — and all because of you ...”","translation":"نعم، لقد مررت بأيام عصيبة منذ أن رأيتك؛ وبعض الأيام البائسة - وكل ذلك بسببك ...\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“You recall the diamond necklace that you loaned me to wear to the Minister’s ball?”","translation":"هل تتذكرين عقد الألماس الذي أقرضتني إياه لأرتديه في حفل الوزير؟\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“Oh! My poor Matilda! Mine were false. They were not worth over five hundred francs!”","translation":"يا! يا ماتيلدا المسكينة! كانت مجوهراتي مزيفة. لم تكن قيمتها تزيد عن خمسمائة فرنك!\"","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Her hands trembled as she took it out.","translation":"ارتجفت يداها وهي تخرجها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The bedclothes were cold, showing that the scientist must have been up for some time.","translation":"كانت أغطية السرير باردة، مما يدل على أن العالم لا بد أنه كان مستيقظًا لفترة من الوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She was convinced that the room was haunted by spirits, and that the stranger had somehow caused these to enter into her furniture.","translation":"كانت مقتنعة بأن الغرفة مسكونة بالأرواح، وأن الغريب تسبب بطريقة ما في دخول هذه الأرواح إلى أثاثها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Suspicion grew even stronger when he suddenly produced some ready cash, though he had admitted not long before that he had no money.","translation":"ازداد الشك قوة عندما أنتج فجأة بعض النقود الجاهزة، على الرغم من أنه اعترف ق��ل فترة ليست طويلة بأنه ليس لديه مال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“I want to know what you have been doing to my chair upstairs,” she demanded.","translation":"“أريد أن أعرف ماذا كنت تفعل بكرسيي في الطابق العلوي,” طالبت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"conversation","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The scientist was always quick-tempered; now he became furious.","translation":"كان العالم سريع الغضب دائمًا؛ الآن أصبح غاضبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Suddenly he threw off bandages, whiskers, spectacles, and even nose.","translation":"فجأة ألقى بالضمادات والشاربين والنظارات وحتى الأنف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The horrified people in the bar found themselves staring at a headless man!","translation":"وجد الناس المذعورون في الحانة أنفسهم يحدقون في رجل بلا رأس!","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If a magistrate’s warrant ordered a person’s arrest, then that person had to be arrested, with or without his head.","translation":"إذا أمرت مذكرة قاضي بالقبض على شخص ما، فيجب القبض على هذا الشخص، برأسه أو بدونه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Griffin was rather a lawless person.","translation":"كان غريفين شخصًا خارجًا عن القانون إلى حد ما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How would you assess Griffin as a scientist?","translation":"كيف تقيم غريفين كعالم؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Would you like to become invisible?","translation":"هل تود أن تصبح غير مرئي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Are there forces around us that are invisible, for example magnetism?","translation":"هل هناك قوى من حولنا غير مرئية، على سبيل المثال المغناطيسية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What makes glass or water transparent (what is the scientific explanation for this)?","translation":"ما الذي يجعل الزجاج أو الماء شفافًا (ما هو التفسير العلمي لذلك)؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do you think it would be scientifically possible for a man to become invisible, or transparent?","translation":"هل تعتقد أنه من الممكن علميًا أن يصبح الرجل غير مرئي أو شفافًا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How did a book become a turning point in Richard Ebright’s life?","translation":"كيف أصبح كتاب نقطة تحول في حياة ريتشارد إيبريت؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She took him on trips, bought him telescopes, microscopes, cameras, mounting materials, and other equipment and helped him in many other ways.","translation":"أخذته في رحلات، واشترت له تلسكوبات ومجاهر وكاميرات ومواد تركيب ومعدات أخرى وساعدته بطرق عديدة أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He earned top grades in school.","translation":"حصل على أعلى الدرجات في المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"That book, which told how monarch butterflies migrate to Central America, opened the world of science to the eager young collector.","translation":"فتح هذا الكتاب، الذي روى كيف تهاجر فراشات الملك إلى أمريكا الوسطى، عالم العلوم أمام الجامع الشاب المتحمس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If you’re going to chase them one by one, you won’t catch very many.","translation":"إذا كنت ستطاردهم واحدًا تلو الآخر، فلن تصطاد الكثير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It was really a sad feeling to sit there and not get anything while everybody else had won something.","translation":"كان من المحزن حقًا أن تجلس هناك ولا تحصل على أي شيء بينما فاز الجميع بشيء ما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is believed that most raindrops start out as tiny ice crystals.","translation":"يُعتقد أن معظم قطرات المطر تبدأ كبلورات جليدية صغيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In colder climates, the crystals reach the ground as snowflakes.","translation":"في المناخات الباردة، تصل البلورات إلى الأرض على شكل رقاقات ثلج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"science","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Curriculum Framework (NCF), 2005, recommends that children's life at school must be linked to their life outside the school.","translation":"يوصي الإطار الوطني للمناهج (NCF) لعام 2005 بربط حياة الأطفال في المدرسة بحياتهم خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This principle marks a departure from the legacy of bookish learning.","translation":"يمثل هذا المبدأ انحرافًا عن إرث التعلم المدرسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The syllabi and textbooks developed on the basis of NCF signify an attempt to implement this basic idea.","translation":"تشير المناهج والكتب المدرسية التي تم تطويرها على أساس NCF إلى محاولة لتنفيذ هذه الفكرة الأساسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"They also attempt to discourage rote learning.","translation":"كما أنها تحاول تثبيط التعلم عن ظهر قلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We hope these measures will take us significantly further in the direction of a child-centred system of education.","translation":"نأمل أن تأخذنا هذه الإجراءات إلى أبعد من ذلك بكثير في اتجاه نظام تعليمي يركز على الطفل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The success of this effort depends on the steps that school principals and teachers will take.","translation":"يعتمد نجاح هذا الجهد على الخطوات التي سيتخذها مدراء المدارس والمعلمون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Treating the prescribed textbook as the sole basis of examination is one of the key reasons why other resources and sites of learning are ignored.","translation":"إن التعامل مع الكتاب المدرسي المحدد كأساس وحيد للامتحان هو أحد الأسباب الرئيسية لإهمال الموارد ومواقع التعلم الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Inculcating creativity and initiative is possible if we perceive and treat children as participants in learning.","translation":"إن غرس الإبداع والمبادرة ممكن إذا نظرنا إلى الأطفال وعاملناهم كمشاركين في التعلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"These aims imply considerable change in school routines and mode of functioning.","translation":"تستلزم هذه الأهداف تغييرًا كبيرًا في الروتين المدرسي وطريقة العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Flexibility in the daily time-table is as necessary as rigour in implementing the annual calendar.","translation":"المرونة في الجدول الزمني اليومي ضرورية مثل الصرامة في تنفيذ التقويم السنوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The methods used for teaching and evaluation will also determine how effective this book proves.","translation":"ستحدد أيضًا الأساليب المستخدمة في التدريس والتقييم مدى فعالية هذا الكتاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Syllabus designers have tried to address the problem of curricular burden.","translation":"حاول مصممو المناهج معالجة مشكلة العبء المنهجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The supplementary reader attempts to enhance this endeavour.","translation":"يحاول القارئ التكميلي تعزيز هذا المسعى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) appreciates the hard work done by the textbook development committee.","translation":"تقدر المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي (NCERT) العمل الشاق الذي قامت به لجنة تطوير الكتب المدرسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"We wish to thank the Chairperson of the advisory committee for textbooks in languages.","translation":"نود أن نشكر رئيس اللجنة الاستشارية للكتب المدرسية باللغات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Several teachers contributed to the development of this supplementary reader.","translation":"ساهم العديد من المعلمين في تطوير هذا القارئ التكميلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We are indebted to the institutions and organisations which have generously permitted us to draw upon their resources.","translation":"نحن مدينون للمؤسسات والمنظمات التي سمحت لنا بسخاء بالاعتماد على مواردها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As an organisation committed to systemic reform and continuous improvement in the quality of its products, NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions.","translation":"بصفتها منظمة ملتزمة بالإصلاح النظامي والتحسين المستمر في جودة منتجاتها، ترحب NCERT بالتعليقات والاقتراحات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}

ar/Fundamental-of-Physical-Geography-XI_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,260 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Geography is the study of the earth's physical features and the distribution of life on Earth.","translation":"الجغرافيا هي دراسة السمات الفيزيائية للأرض وتوزيع الحياة عليها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Himalayas act as a natural barrier, protecting India from invaders.","translation":"جبال الهيمالايا بمثابة حاجز طبيعي، يحمي الهند من الغزاة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Understanding the relationship between the physical environment and human activities is crucial in geography.","translation":"فهم العلاقة بين البيئة المادية والأنشطة البشرية أمر بالغ الأهمية في الجغرافيا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The systematic approach to geography studies phenomena worldwide, identifying patterns.","translation":"يدرس النهج المنهجي للجغرافيا الظواهر في جميع أنحاء العالم، ويحدد الأنماط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The study of soil geography includes soil formation, types, and distribution.","translation":"تشمل دراسة جغرافية التربة تكوين التربة وأنواعها وتوزيعها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Human beings have adapted to and modified their environment over time.","translation":"تكيف البشر مع بيئتهم وعدلوها بمرور الوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Technology has allowed humans to expand their operations and utilize resources.","translation":"سمحت التكنولوجيا للبشر بتوسيع عملياتهم واستخدام الموارد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The interaction between nature and humans is a key focus of geographical study.","translation":"التفاعل بين الطبيعة والبشر هو محور رئيسي للدراسة الجغرافية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The earth's surface is not uniform; it has diverse physical and cultural features.","translation":"سطح الأرض ليس موحدًا؛ لديه سمات فيزيائية وثقافية متنوعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Geography helps us understand the spatial organization and integration of the world.","translation":"تساعدنا الجغرافيا على فهم التنظيم المكاني والتكامل في العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The study of climate is essential for understanding weather patterns.","translation":"دراسة المناخ ضرورية لفهم أنماط الطقس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The development of GIS and computer cartography has revolutionized geographical analysis.","translation":"أحدث تطوير نظم المعلومات الجغرافية ورسم الخرائط الحاسوبية ثورة في التحليل الجغرافي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Physical geography includes the study of the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.","translation":"تشمل الجغرافيا الطبيعية دراسة الغلاف الصخري والغلاف الجوي والغلاف المائي والمحيط الحيوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The impact of geographical factors on historical events is significant.","translation":"تأثير العوامل الجغرافية على الأحداث التاريخية كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The study of population and settlement geography examines growth, distribution, and density.","translation":"تدرس جغرافية السكان والمستوطنات النمو والتوزيع والكثافة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Economic geography studies economic activities like agriculture and industry.","translation":"تدرس الجغرافيا الاقتصادية الأنشطة الاقتصادية مثل الزراعة والصناعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The use of technology has expanded the horizon of human operation.","translation":"أدى استخدام التكنولوجيا إلى توسيع أفق العمل البشري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Geography is an integrating discipline, synthesizing knowledge from various fields.","translation":"الجغرافيا هي تخصص تكاملي، يجمع المعرفة من مختلف المجالات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The study of biogeography explores the relationship between living organisms and their environment.","translation":"تستكشف دراسة الجغرافيا الحيوية العلاقة بين الكائنات الحية وبيئتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The concept of areal differentiation is central to the study of geography.","translation":"مفهوم التمايز المكاني هو محور دراسة الجغرافيا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Gravity exerts its force on all matter, both bedrock and the products of weathering.","translation":"تمارس الجاذبية قوتها على كل المادة، سواء كانت صخرًا أساسيًا أو نواتج التجوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mass movements are very active over weathered slopes rather than over unweathered materials.","translation":"تكون الحركات الجماعية نشطة جدًا على المنحدرات المتآكلة بدلاً من المواد غير المتآكلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"That means mass movements do not come under erosion though there is a shift of materials from one place to another.","translation":"هذا يعني أن الحركات الجماعية لا تندرج تحت التعرية على الرغم من وجود تحول للمواد من مكان إلى آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Weak unconsolidated materials, thinly bedded rocks, faults, steeply dipping beds, vertical cliffs or steep slopes, favour mass movements.","translation":"المواد الضعيفة غير المتماسكة، والصخور الرقيقة الطبقات، والصدوع، والأسرة شديدة الانحدار، والمنحدرات الرأسية أو المنحدرات الشديدة، تفضل الحركات الجماعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Removal of support from below to materials above through natural or artificial means can trigger mass movements.","translation":"إزالة الدعم من الأسفل إلى المواد الموجودة أعلاه من خلال الوسائل الطبيعية أو الاصطناعية يمكن أن يؤدي إلى حركات جماعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Overloading through addition of materials naturally or by artificial filling can also cause mass movements.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤدي التحميل الزائد من خلال إضافة المواد بشكل طبيعي أو عن طريق التعبئة الاصطناعية أيضًا إلى حدوث حركات جماعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Occurrence of earthquakes, explosions or machinery can trigger mass movements.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤدي حدوث الزلازل أو الانفجارات أو الآلات إلى حدوث حركات جماعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Heavy drawdown of water from lakes, reservoirs and rivers leading to slow outflow of water from under the slopes can trigger mass movements.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤدي السحب الشديد للمياه من البحيرات والخزانات والأنهار إلى تدفق بطيء للمياه من أسفل المنحدرات إلى حدوث حركات جماعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Heave, flow and slide are the three forms of movements.","translation":"الانتفاخ والتدفق والانزلاق هي الأشكال الثلاثة للحركات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These are relatively rapid and perceptible movements.","translation":"هذه حركات سريعة وملحوظة نسبيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The size and shape of the detached mass depends on the nature of discontinuities in the rock.","translation":"يعتمد حجم وشكل الكتلة المنفصلة على طبيعة الانقطاعات في الصخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Slump is slipping of one or several units of rock debris with a backward rotation.","translation":"الانهيار هو انزلاق وحدة أو عدة وحدات من الحطام الصخري مع دوران للخلف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rapid rolling or sliding of earth debris without backward rotation of mass is known as debris slide.","translation":"يُعرف التدحرج أو الانزلاق السريع لحطام الأرض دون دوران للخلف للكتلة باسم انزلاق الحطام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Debris fall is nearly a free fall of earth debris from a vertical or overhanging face.","translation":"سقوط الحطام هو سقوط حر تقريبًا لحطام الأرض من وجه رأسي أو متدلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sliding of individual rock masses down bedding, joint or fault surfaces is rockslide.","translation":"انزلاق كتل صخرية فردية أسفل أسطح الفراش أو المفاصل أو الصدوع هو انزلاق صخري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rock fall is free falling of rock blocks over any steep slope keeping itself away from the slope.","translation":"سقوط الصخور هو سقوط حر لكتل صخرية فوق أي منحدر شديد الانحدار مع إبعادها عن المنحدر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In our country, debris avalanches and landslides occur very frequently in the Himalayas.","translation":"في بلدنا، تحدث الانهيارات الثلجية والانهيارات الأرضية بشكل متكرر جدًا في جبال الهيمالايا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Himalayas are tectonically active.","translation":"جبال الهيمالايا نشطة تكتونيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mechanical weathering due to temperature changes and ranges is pronounced.","translation":"تكون التجوية الميكانيكية بسبب تغيرات ودرجات الحرارة واضحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They receive heavy amounts of rainfall over short periods.","translation":"يتلقون كميات كبيرة من الأمطار على فترات قصيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The hypothesis considered that the planets were formed out of a cloud of material associated with a youthful sun, which was slowly rotating.","translation":"افترضت الفرضية أن الكواكب تشكلت من سحابة من المواد المرتبطة بشمس فتية كانت تدور ببطء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In 1950, Otto Schmidt in Russia and Carl Weizascar in Germany somewhat revised the ‘nebular hypothesis’, though differing in details.","translation":"في عام 1950، قام أوتو شميدت في روسيا وكارل ويزاسكار في ألمانيا بمراجعة 'فرضية السديم' إلى حد ما، على الرغم من اختلافهما في التفاصيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They considered that the sun was surrounded by solar nebula containing mostly the hydrogen and helium along with what may be termed as dust.","translation":"اعتبروا أن الشمس كانت محاطة بسديم شمسي يحتوي في الغالب على الهيدروجين والهيليوم إلى جانب ما يمكن تسميته بالغبار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The friction and collision of particles led to formation of a disk-shaped cloud and the planets were formed through the process of accretion.","translation":"أدى احتكاك وتصادم الجسيمات إلى تكوين سحابة على شكل قرص وتشكلت الكواكب من خلال عملية التراكم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"However, scientists in later period took up the problems of origin of universe rather than that of just the earth or the planets.","translation":"ومع ذلك، تناول العلماء في الفترة اللاحقة مشاكل نشأة الكون بدلاً من مجرد الأرض أو الكواكب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The most popular argument regarding the origin of the universe is the Big Bang Theory.","translation":"أشهر حجة تتعلق بأصل الكون هي نظرية الانفجار العظيم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is also called expanding universe hypothesis.","translation":"وتسمى أيضًا فرضية الكون المتوسع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Edwin Hubble, in 1920, provided evidence that the universe is expanding.","translation":"قدم إدوين هابل، في عام 1920، دليلاً على أن الكون يتوسع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As time passes, galaxies move further and further apart.","translation":"مع مرور الوقت، تبتعد المجرات أكثر فأكثر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Take a balloon and mark some points on it to represent the galaxies.","translation":"خذ بالونًا وحدد عليه بعض النقاط لتمثيل المجرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Now, if you start inflating the balloon, the points marked on the balloon will appear to be moving away from each other as the balloon expands.","translation":"الآن، إذا بدأت في نفخ البالون، فستبدو النقاط المحددة على البالون وكأنها تبتعد عن بعضها البعض مع تمدد البالون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Similarly, the distance between the galaxies is also found to be increasing and thereby, the universe is considered to be expanding.","translation":"وبالمثل، وجد أيضًا أن المسافة بين المجرات تتزايد، وبالتالي، يعتبر الكون في حالة توسع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Scientists believe that though the space between the galaxies is increasing, observations do not support the expansion of galaxies.","translation":"يعتقد العلماء أنه على الرغم من أن الفضاء بين المجرات يتزايد، فإن الملاحظات لا تدعم توسع المجرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Big Bang Theory considers the following stages in the development of the universe.","translation":"تأخذ نظرية الانفجار العظيم في الاعتبار المراحل التالية في تطور الكون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the beginning, all matter forming the universe existed in one place in the form of a “tiny ball” (singular atom) with an unimaginably small volume, infinite temperature and infinite density.","translation":"في البداية، كانت كل المادة التي تشكل الكون موجودة في مكان واحد على شكل 'كرة صغيرة' (ذرة مفردة) بحجم صغير لا يمكن تصوره، ودرجة حرارة لا نهائية وكثافة لا نهائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"At the Big Bang the “tiny ball” exploded violently.","translation":"عند الانفجار العظيم، انفجرت 'الكرة الصغيرة' بعنف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This led to a huge expansion.","translation":"أدى هذا إلى توسع هائل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is now generally accepted that the event of big bang took place 13.7 billion years before the present.","translation":"من المقبول عمومًا الآن أن حدث الانفجار العظيم وقع قبل 13.7 مليار سنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The expansion continues even to the present day.","translation":"يستمر التوسع حتى يومنا هذا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"As it grew, some energy was converted into matter.","translation":"مع نموه، تحولت بعض الطاقة إلى مادة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Indian plate includes Peninsular India and the Australian continental portions.","translation":"تتضمن الصفيحة الهندية شبه الجزيرة الهندية والأجزاء القارية الأسترالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India collided with Asia about 40-50 million years ago causing rapid uplift of the Himalayas.","translation":"اصطدمت الهند بآسيا منذ حوالي 40-50 مليون سنة مما تسبب في ارتفاع سريع لجبال الهيمالايا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Scientists believe that the process is still continuing and the height of the Himalayas is rising even to this date.","translation":"يعتقد العلماء أن العملية لا تزال مستمرة وأن ارتفاع جبال الهيمالايا يرتفع حتى هذا التاريخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The earth’s crust is dynamic.","translation":"قشرة الأرض ديناميكية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The actions of exogenic forces result in wearing down (degradation) of relief/elevations and filling up (aggradation) of basins/ depressions, on the earth’s surface.","translation":"تؤدي أفعال القوى الخارجية إلى تآكل (تدهور) الارتفاعات/الارتفاعات وملء (تراكم) الأحواض/الاكتئاب، على سطح الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The endogenic forces continuously elevate or build up parts of the earth’s surface.","translation":"تعمل القوى الداخلية على رفع أو بناء أجزاء من س��ح الأرض باستمرار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Humans depend on it for their sustenance and have been using it extensively and intensively.","translation":"يعتمد عليها البشر في إعالتهم ويستخدمونها على نطاق واسع ومكثف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The endogenic and exogenic forces causing physical stresses and chemical actions on earth materials are known as geomorphic processes.","translation":"القوى الداخلية والخارجية التي تسبب ضغوطًا جسدية وأفعالًا كيميائية على مواد الأرض تُعرف باسم العمليات الجيومورفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Gravity besides being a directional force activating all downslope movements of matter also causes stresses on the earth’s materials.","translation":"إلى جانب كونه قوة اتجاهية تنشط جميع الحركات المنحدرة للمادة، فإن الجاذبية تسبب أيضًا ضغوطًا على مواد الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The energy emanating from within the earth is the main force behind endogenic geomorphic processes.","translation":"الطاقة المنبعثة من باطن الأرض هي القوة الرئيسية وراء العمليات الجيومورفية الداخلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"All processes that move, elevate or build up portions of the earth’s crust come under diastrophism.","translation":"جميع العمليات التي تحرك أو ترفع أو تبني أجزاء من قشرة الأرض تندرج تحت اسم التشوه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Orogeny is a mountain building process whereas epeirogeny is continental building process.","translation":"تكوين الجبال هو عملية بناء الجبال في حين أن تكوين القارات هو عملية بناء القارات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Volcanism includes the movement of molten rock (magma) onto or toward the earth’s surface.","translation":"يشمل النشاط البركاني حركة الصخور المنصهرة (الصهارة) على سطح الأرض أو باتجاهه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The exogenic processes derive their energy from atmosphere determined by the ultimate energy from the sun.","translation":"تستمد العمليات الخارجية طاقتها من الغلاف الجوي الذي تحدده الطاقة النهائية من الشمس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Force applied per unit area is called stress.","translation":"القوة المطبقة لكل وحدة مساحة تسمى الإجهاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Temperature and precipitation are the two important climatic elements that control various processes.","translation":"درجة الحرارة والأمطار هما العنصران المناخيان المهمان اللذان يتحكمان في العمليات المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Weathering is action of elements of weather and climate over earth materials.","translation":"التجوية هي فعل عناصر الطقس والمناخ على مواد الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Weathering processes are conditioned by many complex geological, climatic, topographic and vegetative factors.","translation":"تخضع عمليات التجوية للعديد من العوامل الجيولوجية والمناخية والطبوغرافية والنباتية المعقدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are three major groups of weathering processes : chemical; physical or mechanical; biological weathering processes.","translation":"هناك ثلاث مجموعات رئيسية من عمليات التجوية: كيميائية؛ فيزيائية أو ميكانيكية؛ عمليات التجوية البيولوجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Exfoliation is a result but not a process.","translation":"التقشر هو نتيجة ولكنه ليس عملية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The earthquake is more than 5 on the Richter scale.","translation":"الزلزال يتجاوز 5 درجات على مقياس ريختر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ground shaking may also occur due to the explosion of chemical or nuclear devices.","translation":"قد يحدث اهتزاز للأرض أيضًا بسبب انفجار أجهزة كيميائية أو نووية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The crust and the uppermost part of the mantle are called lithosphere.","translation":"القشرة والجزء العلوي من الوشاح يطلق عليهما الغلاف الصخري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A volcano is a place where gases, ashes and/or molten rock material – lava – escape to the ground.","translation":"البركان هو مكان تخرج منه الغازات والرماد و/أو المواد الصخرية المنصهرة - الحمم - إلى الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These volcanoes are mostly made up of basalt, a type of lava that is very fluid when erupted.","translation":"تتكون هذه البراكين في الغالب من البازلت، وهو نوع من الحمم البركانية شديدة السيولة عند ثورانها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Deccan Traps from India, presently covering most of the Maharashtra plateau, are a much larger flood basalt province.","translation":"مصائد الدكن من الهند، والتي تغطي حاليًا معظم هضبة ماهاراشترا، هي مقاطعة بازلتية فيضانية أكبر بكثير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"These are the most explosive of the earth’s volcanoes.","translation":"هذه هي الأكثر انفجارًا بين براكين الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The shorelines of Africa and South America facing each other have a remarkable and unmistakable match.","translation":"تتشابه سواحل إفريقيا وأمريكا الجنوبية المواجهة لبعضها البعض بشكل ملحوظ لا لبس فيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The earliest marine deposits along the coastline of South America and Africa are of the Jurassic age.","translation":"أقدم الرواسب البحرية على طول سواحل أمريكا الجنوبية وأفريقيا تعود إلى العصر الجوراسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Overall resemblance of the Gondawana-type sediments clearly demonstrates that these landmasses had remarkably similar histories.","translation":"يشير التشابه العام لرواسب نوع غوندوانا بوضوح إلى أن هذه الكتل الأرضية كان لها تاريخ مشابه بشكل ملحوظ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The glacial tillite provides unambiguous evidence of palaeoclimates and also of drifting of continents.","translation":"يوفر التيلليت الجليدي دليلًا لا لبس فيه على المناخات القديمة وكذلك على انجراف القارات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The occurrence of rich placer deposits of gold in the Ghana coast and the absolute absence of source rock in the region is an amazing fact.","translation":"يعد وجود رواسب الغرين الغنية بالذهب على ساحل غانا والغياب التام للصخر المصدر في المنطقة حقيقة مذهلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The second force that was suggested by Wegener — the tidal force — is due to the attraction of the moon and the sun that develops tides in oceanic waters.","translation":"القوة الثانية التي اقترحها فيجنر - قوة المد والجزر - ترجع إلى جاذبية القمر والشمس التي تولد المد والجزر في المياه المحيطية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Particularly, the information collected from the ocean floor mapping provided new dimensions for the study of distribution of oceans and continents.","translation":"على وجه الخصوص، قدمت المعلومات التي تم جمعها من رسم خرائط قاع المحيط أبعادًا جديدة لدراسة توزيع المحيطات والقارات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The mid-oceanic ridges were found to be most active in terms of volcanic eruptions.","translation":"تبين أن التلال الموجودة في منتصف المحيط هي الأكثر نشاطًا من حيث الثورانات البركانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These divisions are continental margins, deep-sea basins and mid-ocean ridges.","translation":"هذه التقسيمات هي الهوامش القارية وأحواض أعماق البحار والتلال الموجودة في منتصف المحيط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The abyssal plains are the areas where the continental sediments that move beyond the margins get deposited.","translation":"السهول السحيقة هي المناطق التي تترسب فيها الرواسب القارية التي تتحرك إلى ما وراء الهوامش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The rift system at the crest is the zone of intense volcanic activity.","translation":"نظام الصدع في القمة هو منطقة النشاط البركاني المكثف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The rim of the Pacific is also called rim of fire due to the existence of active volcanoes in this area.","translation":"يُطلق على حافة المحيط الهادئ أيضًا اسم حافة النار بسبب وجود البراكين النشطة في هذه المنطقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hess argued that constant eruptions at the crest of oceanic ridges cause the rupture of the oceanic crust and the new lava wedges into it, pushing the oceanic crust on either side.","translation":"جادل هيس بأن الثورانات المستمرة في قمة التلال المحيطية تتسبب في تمزق القشرة المحيطية وتتغلغل الحمم البركانية الجديدة فيها، مما يدفع القشرة المحيطية على كلا الجانبين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Such a cell in the tropics is called Hadley Cell.","translation":"تُسمى هذه الخلية في المناطق المدارية خلية هادلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In the middle latitudes the circulation is that of sinking cold air that comes from the poles and the rising warm air that blows from the subtropical high.","translation":"في خطوط العرض الوسطى، تكون الدورة عبارة عن هواء بارد هابط يأتي من القطبين وهواء دافئ صاعد يهب من المرتفع شبه المداري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At the surface these winds are called westerlies and the cell is known as the Ferrel cell.","translation":"على السطح، تسمى هذه الرياح بالرياح الغربية وتُعرف الخلية باسم خلية فيريل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"At polar latitudes the cold dense air subsides near the poles and blows towards middle latitudes as the polar easterlies.","translation":"في خطوط العرض القطبية، يهبط الهواء البارد الكثيف بالقرب من القطبين ويهب نحو خطوط العرض الوسطى كشرقيات قطبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These three cells set the pattern for the general circulation of the atmosphere.","translation":"تحدد هذه الخلايا الثلاثة نمط الدوران العام للغلاف الجوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The transfer of heat energy from lower latitudes to higher latitudes maintains the general circulation.","translation":"يحافظ انتقال الطاقة الحرارية من خطوط العرض المنخفضة إلى خطوط العرض المرتفعة على الدوران العام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"During the day the land heats up faster and becomes warmer than the sea.","translation":"أثناء النهار، تسخن الأرض بشكل أسرع وتصبح أكثر دفئًا من البحر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Therefore, over the land the air rises giving rise to a low pressure area, whereas the sea is relatively cool and the pressure over sea is relatively high.","translation":"لذلك، فوق الأرض، يرتفع الهواء مما يؤدي إلى منطقة ضغط منخفض، في حين أن البحر بارد نسبيًا والضغط فوق البحر مرتفع نسبيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thus, pressure gradient from sea to land is created and the wind blows from the sea to the land as the sea breeze.","translation":"وبالتالي، يتم إنشاء تدرج ضغط من البحر إلى الأرض وتهب الرياح من البحر إلى الأرض كنسيم البحر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the night the reversal of condition takes place.","translation":"في الليل، يحدث انعكاس للظروف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The land loses heat faster and is cooler than the sea.","translation":"تفقد الأرض الحرارة بشكل أسرع وتكون أبرد من البحر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The pressure gradient is from the land to the sea and hence land breeze results.","translation":"يكون تدرج الضغط من الأرض إلى البحر، وبالتالي ينتج نسيم البر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In mountainous regions, during the day the slopes get heated up and air moves upslope and to fill the resulting gap the air from the valley blows up the valley.","translation":"في المناطق الجبلية، خلال النهار، تسخن المنحدرات ويتحرك الهواء صعودًا، ولملء الفجوة الناتجة، يرتفع الهواء من الوادي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This wind is known as the valley breeze.","translation":"تُعرف هذه الرياح باسم نسيم الوادي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"During the night the slopes get cooled and the dense air descends into the valley as the mountain wind.","translation":"خلال الليل، تبرد المنحدرات وينزل الهواء الكثيف إلى الوادي كريح جبلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The cool air, of the high plateaus and ice fields draining into the valley is called katabatic wind.","translation":"يُطلق على الهواء البارد للهضاب العالية والحقول الجليدية التي تتجه إلى الوادي اسم الرياح الهابطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When the air remains over a homogenous area for a sufficiently longer time, it acquires the characteristics of the area.","translation":"عندما يبقى الهواء فوق منطقة متجانسة لفترة طويلة بما فيه الكفاية، فإنه يكتسب خصائص المنطقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The homogenous regions can be the vast ocean surface or vast plains.","translation":"يمكن أن تكون المناطق المتجانسة هي سطح المحيط الشاسع أو السهول الشاسعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The air with distinctive characteristics in terms of temperature and humidity is called an airmass.","translation":"يُطلق على الهواء ذي الخصائص المميزة من حيث درجة الحرارة والرطوبة اسم الكتلة الهوائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is defined as a large body of air having little horizontal variation in temperature and moisture.","translation":"يُعرَّف بأنه كتلة كبيرة من الهواء ذات اختلاف أفقي طفيف في درجة الحرارة والرطوبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Unlike in alluvial fans, the deposits making up deltas are very well sorted with clear stratification.","translation":"على عكس المراوح الغرينية، فإن الرواسب التي تشكل الدلتا مرتبة بشكل جيد للغاية مع طبقات واضحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The coarsest materials settle out first and the finer fractions like silts and clays are carried out into the sea.","translation":"تستقر المواد الخشنة أولاً، بينما تحمل الأجزاء الدقيقة مثل الغرين والطين إلى البحر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As the delta grows, the river distributaries continue to increase in length and delta continues to build up into the sea.","translation":"مع نمو الدلتا، تستمر مصبات الأنهار في الزيادة في الطول وتستمر الدلتا في التراكم في البحر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Floodplain is a major landform of river deposition.","translation":"السهل الفيضي هو شكل أرضي رئيسي للترسبات النهرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Large sized materials are deposited first when stream channel breaks into a gentle slope.","translation":"تترسب المواد كبيرة الحجم أولاً عندما ينكسر مجرى النهر إلى منحدر لطيف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thus, normally, fine sized materials like sand, silt and clay are carried by relatively slow moving waters in gentler channels usually found in the plains and deposited over the bed and when the waters spill over the banks during flooding above the bed.","translation":"وبالتالي، في العادة، تحمل المواد صغيرة الحجم مثل الرمل والطمي والطين بواسطة مياه بطيئة الحركة نسبيًا في قنوات أكثر لطفًا توجد عادة في السهول وتترسب فوق القاع وعندما تفيض المياه على الضفاف أثناء الفيضانات فوق القاع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A river bed made of river deposits is the active floodplain.","translation":"قاع النهر المصنوع من رواسب الأنهار هو السهل الفيضي النشط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The floodplain above the bank is inactive floodplain.","translation":"السهل الفيضي فوق الضفة هو سهل فيضي غير نشط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Inactive floodplain above the banks basically contain two types of deposits — flood deposits and channel deposits.","translation":"يحتوي السهل الفيضي غير النشط فوق الضفاف بشكل أساسي على نوعين من الرواسب - رواسب الفيضانات ورواسب القنوات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In plains, channels shift laterally and change their courses occasionally leaving cut-off courses which get filled up gradually.","translation":"في السهول، تتحرك القنوات بشكل جانبي وتغير مساراتها من حين لآخر، تاركة مسارات مقطوعة تملأ تدريجياً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Such areas over flood plains built up by abandoned or cut-off channels contain coarse deposits.","translation":"تحتوي هذه المناطق فوق السهول الفيضية التي شيدتها القنوات المهجورة أو المقطوعة على رواسب خشنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The flood deposits of spilled waters carry relatively finer materials like silt and clay.","translation":"تحمل رواسب الفيضانات للمياه المنسكبة مواد أدق نسبيًا مثل الغرين والطين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The flood plains in a delta are called delta plains.","translation":"تسمى السهول الفيضية في الدلتا سهول الدلتا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Alluvial fans in humid areas show normally low cones with gentle slope from head to toe and they appear as high cones with steep slope in arid and semi-arid climates.","translation":"تظهر المراوح الغرينية في المناطق الرطبة عادةً مخاريط منخفضة ذات منحدر لطيف من الرأس إلى أخمص القدمين، وتبدو كمخاريط عالية ذات منحدر شديد في المناخات القاحلة وشبه القاحلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Natural levees are found along the banks of large rivers.","translation":"توجد السدود الطبيعية على طول ضفاف الأنهار الكبيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They are low, linear and parallel ridges of coarse deposits along the banks of rivers, quite often cut into individual mounds.","translation":"إنها عبارة عن تلال منخفضة وخطية ومتوازية من الرواسب الخشنة على طول ضفاف الأنهار، غالبًا ما يتم قطعها إلى أكوام فردية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Point bars are also known as meander bars.","translation":"تُعرف القضبان النقطية أيضًا باسم قضبان التعرج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They are found on the concave side of meanders of large rivers and are sediments deposited in a linear fashion by flowing waters along the bank.","translation":"توجد على الجانب المقعر من تعرجات الأنهار الكبيرة وهي رواسب تترسب بطريقة خطية بواسطة المياه المتدفقة على طول الضفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In large flood and delta plains, rivers rarely flow in straight courses.","translation":"في السهول الفيضية والدلتا الكبيرة، نادرًا ما تتدفق الأنهار في مسارات مستقيمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Loop-like channel patterns called meanders develop over flood and delta plains.","translation":"تتطور أنماط القنوات الشبيهة بالحلقة والتي تسمى التعرجات فوق السهول الفيضية والدلتا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The equatorial belt receives heavy rainfall of over 200 cm per annum.","translation":"يتلقى الحزام الاستوائي أمطارًا غزيرة تزيد عن 200 سم سنويًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Interior continental areas receive moderate rainfall varying from 100 - 200 cm per annum.","translation":"تتلقى المناطق القارية الداخلية أمطارًا معتدلة تتراوح بين 100 و 200 سم سنويًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Seasonal distribution of rainfall provides an important aspect to judge its effectiveness.","translation":"يوفر التوزيع الموسمي للأمطار جانبًا مهمًا للحكم على فعاليتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Which one of the following is the most important constituent of the atmosphere for human beings?","translation":"أي مما يلي هو أهم مكون في الغلاف الجوي للبشر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Which one of the following process is responsible for transforming liquid into vapour?","translation":"أي من العمليات التالية مسؤولة عن تحويل السائل إلى بخار؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The air that contains moisture to its full capacity :","translation":"الهواء الذي يحتوي على الرطوبة بكامل طاقته:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Discuss the salient features of the world distribution of precipitation.","translation":"ناقش السمات البارزة للتوزيع العالمي للأمطار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Koeppen identified a close relationship between the distribution of vegetation and climate.","translation":"حدد كوبن علاقة وثيقة بين توزيع الغطاء النباتي والمناخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Koeppen recognised five major climatic groups, four of them are based on temperature and one on precipitation.","translation":"أدرك كوبن خمس مجموعات مناخية رئيسية، أربعة منها تعتمد على درجة الحرارة وواحدة على الأمطار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The climatic groups are subdivided into types, designated by small letters, based on seasonality of precipitation and temperature characteristics.","translation":"تنقسم المجموعات المناخية إلى أنواع، يشار إليها بأحرف صغيرة، بناءً على الموسمية في هطول الأمطار وخصائص درجة الحرارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Tropical humid climates exist between Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.","translation":"توجد المناخات الاستوائية الرطبة بين مدار السرطان ومدار الجدي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Significant amount of rainfall occurs in every month of the year as thunder showers in the afternoon.","translation":"تحدث كمية كبيرة من الأمطار في كل شهر من السنة على شكل زخات رعدية في فترة ما بعد الظهر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The temperature is uniformly high and the annual range of temperature is negligible.","translation":"درجة الحرارة مرتفعة بشكل موحد والنطاق السنوي لدرجة الحرارة ضئيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tropical monsoon climate (Am) is found over the Indian sub-continent, North Eastern part of South America and Northern Australia.","translation":"يوجد المناخ الموسمي الاستوائي (Am) فوق شبه القارة الهندية، والجزء الشمالي الشرقي من أمريكا الجنوبية وشمال أستراليا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Winter is dry.","translation":"الشتاء جاف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Dry climates are characterised by very low rainfall that is not adequate for the growth of plants.","translation":"تتميز المناخات الجافة بهطول أمطار منخفض جدًا غير كافٍ لنمو النباتات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Subtropical steppe receives slightly more rainfall than the desert, adequate enough for the growth of sparse grasslands.","translation":"تتلقى السهوب شبه الاستوائية أمطارًا أكثر قليلاً من الصحراء، وهي كافية لنمو المراعي المتناثرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The annual and diurnal ranges of temperature are also high.","translation":"النطاقات السنوية والنهارية لدرجة الحرا��ة مرتفعة أيضًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These climates generally have warm summers with mild winters.","translation":"تتميز هذه المناخات عمومًا بصيف دافئ وشتاء معتدل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The most important anthropogenic effect on the climate is the increasing trend in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which is likely to cause global warming.","translation":"أهم تأثير بشري المنشأ على المناخ هو الاتجاه المتزايد في تركيز غازات الاحتباس الحراري في الغلاف الجوي، والذي من المحتمل أن يتسبب في الاحترار العالمي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The earth's heat budget explains why the planet's temperature remains relatively constant despite significant heat transfer.","translation":"توضح ميزانية حرارة الأرض سبب بقاء درجة حرارة الكوكب ثابتة نسبيًا على الرغم من انتقال الحرارة الكبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Terrestrial radiation heats the atmosphere from below, particularly due to greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide.","translation":"تشع الإشعاعات الأرضية الغلاف الجوي من الأسفل، خاصة بسبب غازات الدفيئة مثل ثاني أكسيد الكربون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The amount of heat received from the sun is eventually returned to space, maintaining a stable temperature.","translation":"يتم في النهاية إرجاع كمية الحرارة المتلقاة من الشمس إلى الفضاء، مما يحافظ على درجة حرارة مستقرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Variations in the net heat budget occur across the Earth's surface, with some areas having a surplus and others a deficit.","translation":"تحدث اختلافات في صافي ميزانية الحرارة عبر سطح الأرض، حيث تتمتع بعض المناطق بفائض وأخرى بعجز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The tropics redistribute surplus heat energy poleward, preventing excessive heating in the tropics or freezing in high latitudes.","translation":"تعيد المناطق المدارية توزيع طاقة الحرارة الزائدة نحو القطبين، مما يمنع التسخين المفرط في المناطق المدارية أو التجمد في خطوط العرض المرتفعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Temperature is influenced by factors like latitude, altitude, distance from the sea, and air mass circulation.","translation":"تتأثر درجة الحرارة بعوامل مثل خط العرض والارتفاع والمسافة من البحر وتداول الكتلة الهوائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Isotherms, lines connecting places with equal temperature, are used to map temperature distribution.","translation":"تُستخدم خطوط تساوي درجة الحرارة، وهي خطوط تربط بين الأماكن ذات درجة الحرارة المتساوية، لرسم خريطة توزيع درجة الحرارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The effect of latitude on temperature is evident, with isotherms generally parallel to latitude lines.","translation":"تأثير خط العرض على درجة الحرارة واضح، حيث تكون خطوط تساوي درجة الحرارة موازية بشكل عام لخطوط العرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Inversion of temperature occurs when temperature increases with increasing elevation, a reversal of the normal lapse rate.","translation":"يحدث انقلاب درجة الحرارة عندما تزداد درجة الحرارة مع زيادة الارتفاع، وهو عكس معدل الانخفاض الطبيعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Surface inversion, often during winter nights, can trap pollutants and cause fog.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤدي الانعكاس السطحي، غالبًا خلال ليالي الشتاء، إلى حبس الملوثات والتسبب في الضباب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Coriolis force deflects wind direction due to the Earth's rotation.","translation":"تقوم قوة كوريوليس بتحويل اتجاه الرياح بسبب دوران الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The pressure gradient force, frictional force, and Coriolis force influence wind velocity and direction.","translation":"تؤثر قوة تدرج الضغط وقوة الاحتكاك وقوة كوريوليس على سرعة الرياح واتجاهها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Geostrophic wind blows parallel to isobars when the pressure gradient and Coriolis forces are balanced.","translation":"تهب الرياح الجيوستروفية بالتوازي مع خطوط تساوي الضغط عندما تكون قوى تدرج الضغط وكوريوليس متوازنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Cyclonic circulation around low-pressure areas and anticyclonic circulation around high-pressure areas are observed.","translation":"تُلاحظ الدورة الإعصارية حول مناطق الضغط المنخفض والدورة المضادة للإعصار حول مناطق الضغط المرتفع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The general circulation of the atmosphere is influenced by latitudinal heating, pressure belts, and the Earth's rotation.","translation":"يتأثر التداول العام للغلاف الجوي بالتسخين العرضي وأحزمة الضغط ودوران الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The El Nino event, associated with pressure changes in the Pacific, affects global weather patterns.","translation":"يؤثر حدث النينيو، المرتبط بتغيرات الضغط في المحيط الهادئ، على أنماط الطقس العالمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Monsoons are a seasonal modification of wind circulation, particularly pronounced in Southeast Asia.","translation":"الرياح الموسمية هي تعديل موسمي لتداول الرياح، وهي واضحة بشكل خاص في جنوب شرق آسيا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Local winds, like land and sea breezes, are created by differential heating and cooling of surfaces.","translation":"تُنشأ الرياح المحلية، مثل نسيم البر والبحر، عن طريق التسخين والتبريد التفاضلي للأسطح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a region of low pressure where winds converge and air rises.","translation":"منطقة التقارب بين المدارين (ITCZ) هي منطقة ضغط منخفض حيث تتقارب الرياح وترتفع الهواء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Atmospheric pressure is the weight of a column of air from sea level to the top of the atmosphere.","translation":"الضغط الجوي هو وزن عمود من الهواء من مستوى سطح البحر إلى قمة الغلاف الجوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The wind action creates a number of interesting erosional and depositional features in the deserts.","translation":"تخلق حركة الرياح عددًا من الميزات المثيرة للاهتمام للتآكل والترسيب في الصحاري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Though rain is scarce in deserts, it comes down torrentially in a short period of time.","translation":"على الرغم من ندرة الأمطار في الصحاري، إلا أنها تهطل بغزارة في فترة زمنية قصيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The desert rocks devoid of vegetation, exposed to mechanical and chemical weathering processes due to drastic diurnal temperature changes, decay faster.","translation":"تتدهور صخور الصحراء الخالية من الغطاء النباتي، المعرضة لعمليات التجوية الميكانيكية والكيميائية بسبب التغيرات الشديدة في درجة الحرارة اليومية، بشكل أسرع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"That means, the weathered debris in deserts is moved by not only wind but also by rain/sheet wash.","translation":"هذا يعني أن الحطام المتآكل في الصحاري لا يتحرك فقط بفعل الرياح، ولكن أيضًا عن طريق الأمطار/السيول السطحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The wind moves fine materials and general mass erosion is accomplished mainly through sheet floods or sheet wash.","translation":"تحرك الرياح المواد الدقيقة ويتم إنجاز التآكل الكتلي العام بشكل رئيسي من خلال الفيضانات السطحية أو السيول السطحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Stream channels in desert areas are broad, smooth and indefinite and flow for a brief time after rains.","translation":"قنوات الأنهار في المناطق الصحراوية واسعة وسلسة وغير محددة وتتدفق لفترة وجيزة بعد هطول الأمطار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Gently inclined rocky floors close to the mountains at their foot with or without a thin cover of debris, are called pediments.","translation":"تُسمى الأرضيات الصخرية المنحدرة بلطف بالقرب من الجبال عند سفحها مع أو بدون غطاء رقيق من الحطام، بالأسطح الصخرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Such rocky floors form through the erosion of mountain front through a combination of lateral erosion by streams and sheet flooding.","translation":"تتشكل هذه الأرضيات الصخرية من خلال تآكل واجهة الجبل من خلال مزيج من التآكل الجانبي بواسطة الجداول والفيضانات السطحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Erosion starts along the steep margins of the landmass or the steep sides of the tectonically controlled steep incision features over the landmass.","translation":"يبدأ التآكل على طول الحواف شديدة الانحدار للكتلة الأرضية أو الجوانب شديدة الانحدار لميزات الشق شديدة الانحدار التي يتم التحكم فيها تكتونيًا فوق الكتلة الأرضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Once, pediments are formed with a steep wash slope followed by cliff or free face above it, the steep wash slope and free face retreat backwards.","translation":"بمجرد تشكل الأسطح الصخرية بمنحدر غسيل شديد الانحدار يليه جرف أو وجه حر فوقه، يتراجع منحدر الغسيل شديد الانحدار والوجه الحر إلى الخلف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Wind is one of the two dominant agents in hot deserts.","translation":"الرياح هي أحد العاملين المهيمنين في الصحاري الحارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The desert floors get heated up too much and too quickly because of being dry and barren.","translation":"تسخن أرضيات الصحراء بشكل مفرط وسريع للغاية بسبب جفافها وقاحتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The heated floors heat up the air directly above them and result in upward movements in the hot lighter air with turbulence, and any obstructions in its path sets up eddies, whirlwinds, updrafts and downdrafts.","translation":"تقوم الأرضيات الساخنة بتسخين الهواء الموجود فوقها مباشرة وتؤدي إلى حركات صاعدة في الهواء الساخن والأخف وزناً مع الاضطراب، وأي عوائق في مسارها تؤدي إلى تكوين دوامات وإعصارات وتيارات صاعدة وتيارات هابطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Winds also move along the desert floors with great speed and the obstructions in their path create turbulence.","translation":"تتحرك الرياح أيضًا على طول أرضيات الصحراء بسرعة كبيرة وتخلق العوائق في مسارها اضطرابًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Of course there Do you know, the coastal off-shore bars offer the first buffer or defence against storm or tsunami by absorbing most of their destructive force.","translation":"بالطبع هل تعلم، أن الحواجز الساحلية الخارجية توفر أول حاجز أو دفاع ضد العواصف أو تسونامي عن طريق امتصاص معظم قوتها التدميرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Then come the barriers, beaches, beach dunes and mangroves, if any, to absorb the destructive force of storm and tsunami waves.","translation":"ثم تأتي الحواجز والشواطئ والكثبان الرملية وأشجار المانجروف، إن وجدت، لامتصاص القوة التدميرية للعواصف وأمواج تسونامي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"So, if we do anything which disturbs the ‘sediment budget’ and the mangroves along the coast, these coastal forms will get eroded away leaving human habitations to bear first strike of storm and tsunami waves.","translation":"لذلك، إذا فعلنا أي شيء يعطل 'ميزانية الرواسب' وأشجار المانجروف على طول الساحل، فسوف تتآكل هذه الأشكال الساحلية بعيدًا، مما يترك المستوطنات البشرية تتحمل الضربة الأولى للعواصف وأمواج تسونامي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"So, through parallel retreat of slopes, the pediments extend backwards at the expense of mountain front, and gradually, the mountain gets reduced leaving an inselberg which is a remnant of the mountain.","translation":"لذلك، من خلال التراجع المتوازي للمنحدرات، تمتد الأسطح الصخرية إلى الخلف على حساب واجهة الجبل، وتتدنى الجبال تدريجياً تاركة جبلًا معزولًا وهو بقايا من الجبل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"That’s how the high relief in desert areas is reduced to low featureless plains called pediplains.","translation":"هذه هي الطريقة التي يتم بها تقليل الارتفاع الشاهق في المناطق الصحراوية إلى سهول منخفضة خالية من المعالم تسمى السهول الصخرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Plains are by far the most prominent landforms in the deserts.","translation":"السهول هي إلى حد بعيد أكثر التضاريس بروزًا في الصحاري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The government signed the biodiversity convention.","translation":"وقعت الحكومة على اتفاقية التنوع البيولوجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Efforts should be made to preserve endangered species.","translation":"يجب بذل جهود للحفاظ على الأنواع المهددة بالانقراض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Proper planning and management are crucial to prevent extinction.","translation":"التخطيط والإدارة السليمان ضروريان لمنع الانقراض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Biodiversity is richer in tropical regions.","translation":"التنوع البيولوجي أكثر ثراءً في المناطق الاستوائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Earth Summit was held in Brazil.","translation":"عقد مؤتمر قمة الأرض في البرازيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What is biodiversity?","translation":"ما هو التنوع البيولوجي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What are the different levels of biodiversity?","translation":"ما هي المستويات المختلفة للتنوع البيولوجي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Discuss briefly the importance of animals to humankind.","translation":"ناقش بإيجاز أهمية الحيوانات للبشرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What do you understand by 'exotic species'?","translation":"ماذا تفهم من 'الأنواع الغريبة'؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What are the roles played by biodiversity in shaping nature?","translation":"ما هي الأدوار التي يلعبها التنوع البيولوجي في تشكيل الطبيعة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What steps are needed to prevent the loss of biodiversity?","translation":"ما هي الخطوات اللازمة لمنع فقدان التنوع البيولوجي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Collect the names of national parks and show their location on the map.","translation":"اجمع أسماء المتنزهات الوطنية وأظهر موقعها على الخريطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The weight of living tissues is measured per unit area.","translation":"يتم قياس وزن الأنسجة الحية لكل وحدة مساحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The distribution of biomes is controlled mainly by climate.","translation":"يتم التحكم في توزيع المناطق الأحيائية بشكل رئيسي عن طريق المناخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Explosive volcanoes leave a large circular depression.","translation":"تترك البراكين المتفجرة منخفضًا دائريًا كبيرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Chlorofluorocarbons are strong greenhouse gases.","translation":"مركبات الكلوروفلوروكربون هي غازات دفيئة قوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"High altitude clouds are composed of ice crystals.","translation":"تتكون السحب عالية الارتفاع من بلورات الج��يد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A cold front displaces a warm air mass.","translation":"جبهة باردة تحل محل كتلة هوائية دافئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Earth's crust is made up of continents.","translation":"تتكون قشرة الأرض من قارات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Coriolis force deflects moving objects.","translation":"قوة كوريوليس تحرف الأجسام المتحركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The hydrological cycle describes the movement of water on, in, and above the earth.","translation":"تصف الدورة الهيدرولوجية حركة المياه على الأرض وفيها وفوقها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Water is an essential component of all life forms that exist over the surface of the earth.","translation":"الماء عنصر أساسي لجميع أشكال الحياة الموجودة على سطح الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The earth, fortunately has an abundant supply of water on its surface. Hence, our planet is called the ‘Blue Planet’.","translation":"لحسن الحظ، تمتلك الأرض إمدادات وفيرة من المياه على سطحها. ومن ثم، يطلق على كوكبنا اسم 'الكوكب الأزرق'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"About 71 per cent of the planetary water is found in the oceans.","translation":"يوجد حوالي 71 في المائة من مياه الكوكب في المحيطات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The pollution of river waters has further aggravated the crisis.","translation":"أدى تلوث مياه الأنهار إلى تفاقم الأزمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The oceans are confined to the great depressions of the earth’s outer layer.","translation":"تقتصر المحيطات على الاكتئابات الكبيرة للطبقة الخارجية للأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The geographers have divided the oceanic part of the earth into five oceans, namely the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian, Southern ocean and the Arctic.","translation":"قسم الجغرافيون الجزء المحيطي من الأرض إلى خمسة محيطات، وهي المحيط الهادئ والمحيط الأطلسي والمحيط الهندي والمحيط الجنوبي والمحيط المتجمد الشمالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The continental shelf is the extended margin of each continent occupied by relatively shallow seas and gulfs.","translation":"الرف القاري هو الهامش الممتد لكل قارة تشغله بحار وخلجان ضحلة نسبيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The shelves are almost absent or very narrow along some of the margins like the coasts of Chile, the west coast of Sumatra, etc.","translation":"تكاد تكون الأرفف غائبة أو ضيقة جدًا على طول بعض الهوامش مثل سواحل تشيلي والساحل الغربي لجزيرة سومطرة وغيرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Massive sedimentary deposits received over a long time by the continental shelves, become the source of fossil fuels.","translation":"تصبح الرواسب الرسوبية الضخمة التي تتلقاها الأرفف القارية على مدى فترة طويلة، مصدرًا للوقود الأحفوري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The continental slope connects the continental shelf and the ocean basins.","translation":"يربط المنحدر القاري الرف القاري وأحواض المحيطات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Deep sea plains are gently sloping areas of the ocean basins.","translation":"السهول العميقة هي مناطق ذات انحدار لطيف من أحواض المحيطات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These areas are the deepest parts of the oceans.","translation":"هذه المناطق هي أعمق أجزاء المحيطات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mid-Oceanic Ridges A mid-oceanic ridge is composed of two chains of mountains separated by a large depression.","translation":"المرتفعات الموجودة في منتصف المحيط تتكون المرتفعات الموجودة في منتصف المحيط من سلسلتين من الجبال تفصل بينهما منخفض كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is a mountain with pointed summits, rising from the seafloor that does not reach the surface of the ocean.","translation":"إنها جبل ذو قمم مدببة، يرتفع من قاع البحر ولا يصل إلى سطح المحيط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These are deep valleys, some comparable to the Grand Canyon of the Colorado river.","translation":"هذه وديان عميقة، بعضها يضاهي جراند كانيون لنهر كولورادو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is estimated that more than 10,000 seamounts and guyots exist in the Pacific Ocean alone.","translation":"تشير التقديرات إلى وجود أكثر من 10000 جبل بحري وجيوت في المحيط الهادئ وحده.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ocean waters get heated up by the solar energy just as land.","translation":"تسخن مياه المحيطات بفعل الطاقة الشمسية تمامًا مثل الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The temperature of surface water decreases from the equator towards the poles because the amount of insolation decreases poleward.","translation":"تنخفض درجة حرارة المياه السطحية من خط الاستواء باتجاه القطبين لأن كمية الإشعاع الشمسي تتناقص باتجاه القطبين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The average salinity of the Indian Ocean is 35 o / oo.","translation":"متوسط ملوحة المحيط الهندي هو 35 في الألف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The highest tides in the world occur in the Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia, Canada.","translation":"تحدث أعلى المد والجزر في العالم في خليج فندي في نوفا سكوشا، كندا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Tides vary in their frequency, direction and movement from place to place and also from time to time.","translation":"تختلف المد والجزر في تواترها واتجاهها وحركتها من مكان إلى آخر ومن وقت لآخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When the sun, the moon and the earth are in a straight line, the height of the tide will be higher.","translation":"عندما تكون الشمس والقمر والأرض على خط مستقيم، يكون ارتفاع المد والجزر أعلى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Moon’s attraction, though more than twice as strong as the sun’s, is diminished by the counteracting force of the sun’s gravitational pull.","translation":"يقلل من جاذبية القمر، على الرغم من أنها أقوى بأكثر من الضعف من جاذبية الشمس، بفعل قوة الشمس المعاكسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Since tides are caused by the earth-moon-sun positions which are known accurately, the tides can be predicted well in advance.","translation":"نظرًا لأن المد والجزر ناتج عن مواقع الأرض والقمر والشمس المعروفة بدقة، فيمكن التنبؤ بالمد والجزر جيدًا مسبقًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tidal flows are of great importance in navigation.","translation":"تعتبر تدفقات المد والجزر ذات أهمية كبيرة في الملاحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ocean currents are like river flow in oceans.","translation":"تيارات المحيطات مثل تدفق الأنهار في المحيطات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Heating by solar energy causes the water to expand.","translation":"التسخين بالطاقة الشمسية يتسبب في تمدد الماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Coriolis force intervenes and causes the water to move to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere.","translation":"تتدخل قوة كوريوليس وتتسبب في تحرك الماء إلى اليمين في نصف الكرة الشمالي وإلى اليسار في نصف الكرة الجنوبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Denser water tends to sink, while relatively lighter water tends to rise.","translation":"تميل المياه الأكثر كثافة إلى الغرق، بينما تميل المياه الأخف نسبيًا إلى الارتفاع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Warm-water currents travel out from the equator along the surface, flowing towards the poles to replace the sinking cold water.","translation":"تنتقل التيارات المائية الدافئة من خط الاستواء على طول السطح، وتتدفق نحو القطبين لتحل محل المياه الباردة الغارقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Major ocean currents are greatly influenced by the stresses exerted by the prevailing winds and coriolis force.","translation":"تتأثر تيارات المحيطات الرئيسية بشكل كبير بالضغوط التي تمارسها الرياح السائدة وقوة كوريوليس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The oceanic circulation transports heat from one latitude belt to another in a manner similar to the heat transported by the general circulation of the atmosphere.","translation":"تنقل الدورة المحيطية الحرارة من حزام عرض إلى آخر بطريقة مماثلة للحرارة التي تنقلها الدورة العامة للغلاف الجوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"West coasts of the continents in tropical and subtropical latitudes (except close to the equator) are bordered by cool waters.","translation":"تحد السواحل الغربية للقارات في خطوط العرض الاستوائية وشبه الاستوائية (باستثناء بالقرب من خط الاستواء) مياه باردة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Biodiversity is the number and variety of organisms found within a specified geographic region.","translation":"التنوع البيولوجي هو عدد وأنواع الكائنات الحية الموجودة داخل منطقة جغرافية محددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Human beings genetically belong to the homo sapiens group and also differ in their characteristics such as height, colour, physical appearance, etc., considerably.","translation":"ينتمي البشر وراثيًا إلى مجموعة الإنسان العاقل ويختلفون أيضًا في خصائصهم مثل الطول واللون والمظهر الجسدي وما إلى ذلك بشكل كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Areas rich in species diversity are called hotspots of diversity.","translation":"تسمى المناطق الغنية بتنوع الأنواع بالنقاط الساخنة للتنوع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The more diverse an ecosystem, better are the chances for the species to survive through adversities and attacks, and consequently, is more productive.","translation":"كلما كان النظام البيئي أكثر تنوعًا، زادت فرص بقاء الأنواع على قيد الحياة من خلال الشدائد والهجمات، وبالتالي، يكون أكثر إنتاجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Biodiversity is seen as a reservoir of resources to be drawn upon for the manufacture of food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products.","translation":"يُنظر إلى التنوع البيولوجي على أنه خزان للموارد التي يمكن الاعتماد عليها في تصنيع الأغذية والأدوية ومستحضرات التجميل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is our ethical responsibility to consider that each and every species along with us have an intrinsic right to exist.","translation":"تقع على عاتقنا مسؤولية أخلاقية أن نعتبر أن لكل نوع من الأنواع معنا الحق الأصيل في الوجود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}

ar/Geography-Fundamentals of Human Geography-XII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,200 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Land, according to its ownership, can be classified as private or common property.","translation":"الأراضي، وفقًا لملكيتها، يمكن تصنيفها إلى ملكية خاصة أو ملكية عامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Common property resources provide fodder for livestock and fuel for households.","translation":"توفر موارد الملكية العامة العلف للماشية والوقود للأسر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In rural areas, CPRs are crucial for the livelihood of landless farmers.","translation":"في المناطق الريفية، تعتبر موارد الملكية العامة حاسمة لكسب عيش المزارعين الذين لا يملكون أرضًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"CPRs are also important for women, who often collect fodder and fuel.","translation":"تعتبر موارد الملكية العامة مهمة أيضًا للنساء، اللاتي غالبًا ما يجمعن العلف والوقود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"CPRs can be defined as community's natural resources.","translation":"يمكن تعريف موارد الملكية العامة على أنها موارد طبيعية للمجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Community forests and pasture lands are examples of CPRs.","translation":"تعتبر غابات المجتمع وأراضي المراعي أمثلة على موارد الملكية العامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Land resource is crucial to the livelihood of people depending on agriculture.","translation":"تعتبر الموارد الأرضية حاسمة لكسب عيش الأشخاص الذين يعتمدون على الزراعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Agriculture is a land-based activity, unlike secondary and tertiary activities.","translation":"الزراعة نشاط يعتمد على الأرض، على عكس الأنشطة الثانوية والثالثية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Lack of access to land is directly correlated with poverty in rural areas.","translation":"يرتبط عدم الوصول إلى الأراضي ارتباطًا مباشرًا بالفقر في المناطق الريفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The quality of land directly affects agricultural productivity.","translation":"تؤثر جودة الأرض بشكل مباشر على الإنتاجية الزراعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Land ownership has social value and provides security.","translation":"تملك الأراضي قيمة اجتماعية وتوفر الأمن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The total cultivable land can be estimated by adding net sown area and fallow lands.","translation":"يمكن تقدير إجمالي الأراضي الصالحة للزراعة عن طريق إضافة صافي المساحة المزروعة والأراضي البور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"There is a need to adopt land-saving technologies.","translation":"هناك حاجة إلى اعتماد تقنيات لتوفير الأراضي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These technologies can increase crop yield per unit area.","translation":"يمكن لهذه التقنيات زيادة غلة المحاصيل لكل وحدة مساحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"High cropping intensity is desirable for a labor-abundant country.","translation":"تعتبر كثافة المحاصيل العالية مرغوبة في بلد يكثر فيه العمالة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"There are three distinct crop seasons in northern India.","translation":"هناك ثلاثة مواسم زراعية متميزة في شمال الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The kharif season coincides with the Southwest Monsoon.","translation":"يتزامن موسم الخريف مع موسم الرياح الموسمية الجنوبية الغربية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The rabi season begins with the onset of winter.","translation":"يبدأ موسم الربيع مع بداية فصل الشتاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Zaid is a short summer cropping season.","translation":"زيد هو موسم زراعي صيفي قصير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This distinction in cropping seasons does not exist in southern India.","translation":"لا يوجد هذا التمييز في المواسم الزراعية في جنوب الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India's population as per the 2011 census was 1210 million.","translation":"بلغ عدد سكان الهند حسب تعداد عام 2011، 1210 مليون نسمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"West Bengal had the highest density of population in India.","translation":"كانت ولاية البنغال الغربية تتمتع بأعلى كثافة سكانية في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Maharashtra had the highest proportion of urban population in India according to the 2011 Census.","translation":"كانت ولاية ماهاراشترا لديها أعلى نسبة من السكان الحضريين في الهند وفقًا لتعداد عام 2011.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Indo-Aryan linguistic group is the largest in India.","translation":"تعتبر المجموعة اللغوية الهندو-آرية هي الأكبر في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Female workers are relatively high in the primary sector.","translation":"العاملات الإناث مرتفعات نسبيًا في القطاع الأولي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The proportion of workers in the agricultural sector in India has shown a decline over the last few decades.","translation":"أظهرت نسبة العاملين في القطاع الزراعي في الهند انخفاضًا على مدى العقود القليلة الماضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Climate plays a significant role in the distribution of population.","translation":"يلعب المناخ دورًا هامًا في توزيع السكان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Some states have higher rates of work participation than others.","translation":"بعض الولايات لديها معدلات مشاركة في العمل أعلى من غيرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The agricultural sector has the largest share of Indian workers.","translation":"القطاع الزراعي لديه أكبر حصة من العمال الهنود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The spatial pattern of population density in India varies greatly.","translation":"يختلف النمط المكاني لكثافة السكان في الهند اختلافًا كبيرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Urban settlements depend on processing of raw materials and manufacturing of finished goods.","translation":"تعتمد المستوطنات الحضرية على معالجة المواد الخام وتصنيع السلع التامة الصنع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cities act as nodes of economic growth.","translation":"تعمل المدن كعقد للنمو الاقتصادي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Rural settlements derive their life support from land-based primary economic activities.","translation":"تستمد المستوطنات الريفية دعم حياتها من الأنشطة الاقتصادية الأولية القائمة على الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Social relations are intimate in rural areas.","translation":"العلاقات الاجتماعية حميمة في المناطق الريفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Semi-clustered settlements may result from segregation of a large compact village.","translation":"قد تنتج المستوطنات شبه المتجمعة عن فصل قرية مدمجة كبيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Clustered rural settlements are a common feature in the northern plains.","translation":"المستوطنات الريفية المتجمعة هي سمة شائعة في السهول الشمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The census of India defines urban settlements.","translation":"تحدد التعداد السكاني للهند المستوطنات الحضرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The level of urbanization in India in 2011 was 31.16 percent.","translation":"بلغ مستوى التحضر في الهند عام 2011، 31.16 في المائة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Administrative towns support administrative headquarters.","translation":"تدعم المدن الإدارية المقرات الإدارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Smart Cities Mission promotes cities with core infrastructure.","translation":"تعزز مهمة المدن الذكية المدن ذات البنية التحتية الأساسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The production and yield of many crops such as rice and wheat has increased at an impressive rate.","translation":"لقد زاد إنتاجية ومحصول العديد من المحاصيل مثل الأرز والقمح بمعدل مثير للإعجاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Expansion of irrigation has played a crucial role in enhancing agricultural output in the country.","translation":"لعب توسيع الري دورًا حاسمًا في تعزيز الإنتاج الزراعي في البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Modern agricultural technology has diffused very fast in various areas of the country.","translation":"انتشرت التكنولوجيا الزراعية الحديثة بسرعة كبيرة في مناطق مختلفة من البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Government has been promoting organic farming in the country.","translation":"تعمل الحكومة على الترويج للزراعة العضوية في البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Farmer’s Portal is a platform for farmers to seek any information related to agriculture.","translation":"بوابة المزارعين هي منصة للمزارعين للبحث عن أي معلومات تتعلق بالزراعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The nature of problems faced by Indian agriculture varies according to agro-ecological and historical experiences.","translation":"تختلف طبيعة المشاكل التي تواجهها الزراعة الهندية وفقًا للتجارب الزراعية البيئية والتاريخية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Irrigation covers only about 33 per cent of the cultivated area in India.","translation":"لا يغطي الري سوى حوالي 33 في المائة من الأراضي المزروعة في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Droughts and floods continue to be the twin menace in Indian agriculture.","translation":"لا تزال الجفاف والفيضانات تشكلان تهديدًا مزدوجًا في الزراعة الهندية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The yield of the crops in the country is low in comparison to the international level.","translation":"إن إنتاجية المحاصيل في البلاد منخفضة مقارنة بالمستوى الدولي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The inputs of modern agriculture are very expensive.","translation":"مدخلات الزراعة الحديثة باهظة الثمن للغاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"After Independence, land reforms were accorded priority, but these reforms were not implemented effectively.","translation":"بعد الاستقلال، أُعطيت الأولوية للإصلاحات الزراعية، لكن هذه الإصلاحات لم تنفذ بفعالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are a large number of marginal and small farmers in the country.","translation":"هناك عدد كبير من المزارعين الهامشيين والصغار في البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A large number of farmers produce crops for self-consumption.","translation":"ينتج عدد كبير من المزارعين المحاصيل للاستهلاك الذاتي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There is a massive underemployment in the agricultural sector in India.","translation":"هناك بطالة مقنعة هائلة في القطاع الزراعي في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"agriculture","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Water scarcity is possibly to pose the greatest challenge on account of its increased demand.","translation":"من المحتمل أن يشكل نقص المياه أكبر تحدٍ بسبب زيادة الطلب عليها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"water resources","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India accounts for about 4 per cent of the world’s water resources.","translation":"تمثل الهند حوالي 4 في المائة من موارد المياه في العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"water resources","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The total utilisable water resource in the country is only 1,122 cubic km.","translation":"إجمالي الموارد المائية القابلة للاستخدام في البلا�� هو 1122 كيلومتر مكعب فقط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"water resources","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There are four major sources of surface water.","translation":"هناك أربعة مصادر رئيسية للمياه السطحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"water resources","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Agriculture accounts for most of the surface and groundwater utilisation.","translation":"تمثل الزراعة معظم استخدام المياه السطحية والمياه الجوفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"water resources","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The per capita availability of water is dwindling day-by-day due to increase in population.","translation":"إن نصيب الفرد من المياه يتضاءل يومًا بعد يوم بسبب الزيادة السكانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"water resources","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India's population is growing rapidly, posing challenges for resource management.","translation":"يتزايد عدد سكان الهند بسرعة، مما يطرح تحديات لإدارة الموارد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The census data provides valuable insights into the demographic changes in the country.","translation":"توفر بيانات التعداد السكاني رؤى قيمة حول التغيرات الديموغرافية في البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Agriculture is a significant sector of the Indian economy, employing a large portion of the population.","translation":"الزراعة قطاع هام للاقتصاد الهندي، حيث توظف جزءًا كبيرًا من السكان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government is implementing various schemes to improve the living standards of the people.","translation":"تنفذ الحكومة مخططات مختلفة لتحسين مستويات معيشة الناس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Infrastructure development is crucial for economic growth and social progress.","translation":"تطوير البنية التحتية أمر بالغ الأهمية للنمو الاقتصادي والتقدم الاجتماعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The literacy rate has increased over the years, indicating progress in education.","translation":"ارتفع معدل معرفة القراءة والكتابة على مر السنين، مما يشير إلى التقدم في التعليم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Many people migrate from rural areas to urban centers in search of better opportunities.","translation":"يهاجر العديد من الناس من المناطق الريفية إلى المراكز الحضرية بحثًا عن فرص أفضل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government is focusing on sustainable development to protect the environment.","translation":"تركز الحكومة على التنمية المستدامة لحماية البيئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"India's diverse culture and traditions attract tourists from all over the world.","translation":"تجذب الثقافة والتقاليد الهندية المتنوعة السياح من جميع أنحاء العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The country faces challenges related to poverty, inequality, and healthcare.","translation":"تواجه البلاد تحديات تتعلق بالفقر وعدم المساواة والرعاية الصحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Technological advancements are transforming various sectors of the Indian economy.","translation":"تعمل التطورات التكنولوجية على تحويل مختلف قطاعات الاقتصاد الهندي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government is promoting renewable energy sources to reduce carbon emissions.","translation":"تعمل الحكومة على الترويج لمصادر الطاقة المتجددة للحد من انبعاثات الكربون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India's foreign policy plays a significant role in international relations.","translation":"تلعب السياسة الخارجية للهند دورًا مهمًا في العلاقات الدولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The education system is undergoing reforms to improve the quality of learning.","translation":"يخضع نظام التعليم للإصلاحات لتحسين جودة التعلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The healthcare system is striving to provide accessible and affordable services to all citizens.","translation":"يسعى نظام الرعاية الصحية إلى توفير خدمات ميسورة التكلفة ويمكن الوصول إليها لجميع المواطنين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Indian constitution guarantees fundamental rights to all its citizens.","translation":"يكفل الدستور الهندي الحقوق الأساسية لجميع مواطنيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Economic reforms have led to significant growth and development in the country.","translation":"أدت الإصلاحات الاقتصادية إلى نمو وتنمية كبيرين في البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government is investing in infrastructure projects to boost economic activity.","translation":"تستثمر الحكومة في مشاريع البنية التحتية لتعزيز النشاط الاقتصادي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India's rich history and heritage are reflected in its monuments and cultural sites.","translation":"تنعكس ثقافة الهند الغنية وتراثها في معالمها ومواقعها الثقافية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The country is committed to promoting peace and stability in the region.","translation":"تلتزم البلاد بتعزيز السلام والاستقرار في المنطقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The density of population in India (2011) is 382 persons per sq km.","translation":"تبلغ كثافة السكان في الهند (2011) 382 شخصًا لكل كيلومتر مربع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The growth rate of population in India over the last one century has been caused by annual birth rate and death rate and rate of migration.","translation":"تأثر معدل نمو السكان في الهند على مدى القرن الماضي بمعدلات المواليد والوفيات السنوية ومعدل الهجرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The adolescent population, though, regarded as the youthful population having high potentials, but at the same time they are quite vulnerable if not guided and channelised properly.","translation":"السكان المراهقون، على الرغم من اعتبارهم السكان الشباب ذوي الإمكانات العالية، إلا أنهم في الوقت نفسه عرضة للخطر إذا لم يتم توجيههم وتوجيههم بشكل صحيح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Compare the data given in Appendix (iv) and iv A calculate the percentages of rural population of the states in India and represent them cartographically on a map of India.","translation":"قارن البيانات الواردة في الملحق (iv) و iv A واحسب النسب المئوية للسكان الريفيين في ولايات الهند وقم بتمثيلها على خريطة للهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The rural-urban migration is conspicuous in the case of urban areas along the main road links and railroads in the North Indian Plains.","translation":"تعتبر الهجرة من الريف إلى الحضر واضحة في حالة المناطق الحضرية على طول وصلات الطرق الرئيسية والسكك الحديدية في سهول شمال الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India is a land of linguistic diversity.","translation":"الهند أرض التنوع اللغوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Hindus are distributed as a major group in many states.","translation":"يتوزع الهندوس كمجموعة رئيسية في العديد من الولايات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Christian population is distributed mostly in rural areas of the country.","translation":"يتوزع السكان المسيحيون في الغالب في المناطق الريفية من البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Sikhs are mostly concentrated in relatively small area of the country, particularly in the states of Punjab, Haryana and Delhi.","translation":"يتركز السيخ في الغالب في منطقة صغيرة نسبيًا من البلاد، وخاصة في ولايات البنجاب وهاريانا ودلهي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The population of India according to their economic status is divided into three groups, namely; main workers, marginal workers and non-workers.","translation":"ينقسم سكان الهند وفقًا لوضعهم الاقتصادي إلى ثلاث مجموعات، وهي؛ العمال الرئيسيون والعمال الهامشيون وغير العاملين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The occupational composition of India’s population show a large proportion of primary sector workers compared to secondary and tertiary sectors.","translation":"يُظهر التكوين المهني لسكان الهند نسبة كبيرة من العاملين في القطاع الأولي مقارنة بالقطاعين الثانوي والثالث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The division of the society into male, female and transgender is believed to be natural and biological.","translation":"يُعتقد أن تقسيم المجتمع إلى ذكور وإناث ومتحولين جنسياً أمر طبيعي وبيولوجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Discrimination, in general, and gender discrimination, in particular, is a crime against humanity.","translation":"التمييز، بشكل عام، والتمييز على أساس الجنس، على وجه الخصوص، جريمة ضد الإنسانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The 2011 Census has divided the working population of India into four major categories.","translation":"قسم تعداد عام 2011 السكان العاملين في الهند إلى أربع فئات رئيسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This indicates a shift of dependence of workers from farm-based occupations to non-farm based ones, indicating a sectoral shift in the economy of the country.","translation":"يشير هذا إلى تحول في اعتماد العمال من المهن القائمة على المزارع إلى المهن غير القائمة على المزارع، مما يشير إلى تحول قطاعي في اقتصاد البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The spatial variation of work participation rate in different sectors in the country is very wide.","translation":"الاختلاف المكاني لمعدل المشاركة في العمل في مختلف القطاعات في البلاد واسع جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The density of population, is expressed as number of persons per unit area.","translation":"يتم التعبير عن كثافة السكان على أنها عدد الأشخاص لكل وحدة مساحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Even though the uses of natural resources like land and water in these regions have shown the sign of degradation, the concentration of population remains high because of an early history of human settlement and development of transport network.","translation":"على الرغم من أن استخدام الموارد الطبيعية مثل الأرض والمياه في هذه المناطق قد أظهر علامة التدهور، إلا أن تركيز السكان لا يزال مرتفعًا بسبب التاريخ المبكر للاستيطان البشري وتطوير شبكة النقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The growth rate of population is, however, still high in the country, and it has been projected by World Development Report that population of India will touch 1,350 million by 2025.","translation":"ومع ذلك، لا يزال معدل نمو السكان مرتفعًا في البلاد، وقد توقع تقرير التنمية العالمية أن يصل عدد سكان الهند إلى 1350 مليون نسمة بحلول عام 2025.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Youth Policy is one example which has been designed to look into the overall development of our large youth and adolescent population.","translation":"السياسة الوطنية للشباب هي مثال واحد تم تصميمه للنظر في التنمية الشاملة لشبابنا وسكان المراهقين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government's 'Neeru-Meeru' program in Andhra Pradesh focused on water conservation.","translation":"ركز برنامج 'نيرو-ميرو' الحكومي في ولاية أندرا براديش على الحفاظ على المياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People participated in building water harvesting structures like check dams.","translation":"شارك الناس في بناء هياكل حصاد المياه مثل السدود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Tamil Nadu made water harvesting compulsory for all new buildings.","translation":"جعلت ولاية تاميل نادو حصاد المياه إلزاميًا لجميع المباني الجديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Watershed development projects have shown success in some areas.","translation":"أظهرت مشاريع تنمية مستجمعات المياه نجاحًا في بعض المناطق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ralegan Siddhi in Maharashtra is a model for watershed development.","translation":"راليجان سيدهي في ولاية ماهاراشترا هي نموذج لتنمية مستجمعات المياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The village transformed from poverty and illicit liquor trade.","translation":"تحولت القرية من الفقر وتجارة الخمور غير المشروعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A retired army personnel led the watershed development.","translation":"قاد أحد أفراد الجيش المتقاعدين تنمية مستجمعات المياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Villagers were convinced about the importance of family planning.","translation":"اقتنع القرويون بأهمية تنظيم الأسرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Voluntary labor was crucial for the project's success.","translation":"كان العمل التطوعي حاسمًا لنجاح المشروع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The community socialized the costs of the projects.","translation":"قام المجتمع بتعميم تكاليف المشاريع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Even those working outside the village contributed financially.","translation":"حتى أولئك الذين يعملون خارج القرية ساهموا ماليًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The percolation tank was repaired by the villagers.","translation":"تم إصلاح خزان الترشيح من قبل القرويين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A youth group worked to ban dowry and caste discrimination.","translation":"عملت مجموعة شبابية على حظر المهر والتمييز على أساس الطبقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Liquor distilling units were removed and prohibition was imposed.","translation":"تمت إزالة وحدات تقطير الخمور وفرض الحظر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Water-intensive crops were banned to conserve water.","translation":"تم حظر المحاصيل كثيفة الاستهلاك للمياه للحفاظ على المياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Elections to local bodies were held by consensus.","translation":"أجريت انتخابات الهيئات المحلية بالإجماع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A system of informal courts, Nyay Panchayats, was established.","translation":"تم إنشاء نظام للمحاكم غير الرسمية، نيي بانشايات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The village constructed a school building using its own resources.","translation":"قامت القرية ببناء مبنى مدرسي باستخدام مواردها الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A new system of sharing labor emerged in the village.","translation":"ظهر نظام جديد لتقاسم العمل في القرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rainwater harvesting is a method to capture and store rainwater.","translation":"حصاد مياه الأمطار هو طريقة لالتقاط مياه الأمطار وتخزينها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The government should effectively implement programs to reduce water loss in agricultural areas.","translation":"يجب على الحكومة أن تنفذ بفعالية البرامج للحد من فقدان المياه في المناطق الزراعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Eco-development is crucial in fragile environments.","translation":"التنمية البيئية ضرورية في البيئات الهشة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Financial support is essential for land allottees with poor economic backgrounds.","translation":"الدعم المالي ضروري لأصحاب الأراضي ذوي الخلفيات الاقتصادية الضعيفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Economic sustainability requires diversification beyond agriculture.","translation":"الاستدامة الاقتصادية تتطلب التنويع خارج نطاق الزراعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economic","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Regional planning focuses on area-specific development approaches.","translation":"يركز التخطيط الإقليمي على نُهج التنمية الخاصة بالمناطق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economic","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"ITDP aims for integrated tribal development.","translation":"يهدف برنامج التنمية القبلية المتكاملة إلى التنمية المتكاملة للقبائل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Eco-development is the most crucial factor for sustainable development in the Indira Gandhi Canal Command Area.","translation":"التنمية البيئية هي العامل الأكثر أهمية للتنمية المستدامة في منطقة قيادة قناة إنديرا غاندي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What are the social benefits of ITDP in the Bharmaur tribal region?","translation":"ما هي الفوائد الاجتماعية لبرنامج التنمية القبلية المتكاملة في منطقة بهارماور القبلية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Define the concept of sustainable development.","translation":"حدد مفهوم التنمية المستدامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Irrigation has positive impacts on the Indira Gandhi Canal Command Area.","translation":"للري آثار إيجابية على منطقة قيادة قناة إنديرا غاندي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Road transport is suitable for shorter distances.","translation":"النقل البري مناسب للمسافات القصيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Grand Trunk road connected Calcutta and Peshawar.","translation":"ربط طريق جراند ترانك كلكتا وبيشاور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"National Highways are maintained by the Central Government.","translation":"يتم صيانة الطرق السريعة الوطنية من قبل الحكومة المركزية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"NHAI is responsible for the development and maintenance of National Highways.","translation":"الهيئة الوطنية للطرق السريعة في الهند مسؤولة عن تطوير وصيانة الطرق السريعة الوطنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Golden Quadrilateral connects major Indian cities.","translation":"يربط المربع الذهبي المدن الهندية الكبرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geographic","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Rural roads are vital for providing links in rural areas.","translation":"الطرق الريفية ضرورية لتوفير الروابط في المناطق الريفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geographic","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Border Road Organisation constructs roads in strategic areas.","translation":"تقوم منظمة طرق الحدود ببناء الطرق في المناطق الاستراتيجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Indian Railways facilitates the movement of freight and passengers.","translation":"تسهل السكك الحديدية الهندية حركة البضائع والركاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Konkan Railway is an engineering marvel.","translation":"سكك حديد كونكان هي أعجوبة هندسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Waterways are the cheapest means of transport.","translation":"الممرات المائية هي أرخص وسائل النقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"India's major gas reserves are found in the Mumbai High and allied fields along the west coast.","translation":"توجد احتياطيات الغاز الرئيسية في الهند في حقل مومباي هاي والحقول المتحالفة على طول الساحل الغربي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Non-Conventional Energy Sources Fossil fuel sources, such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and nuclear energy use exhaustible raw materials.","translation":"مصادر الطاقة غير التقليدية تستخدم مصادر الوقود الأحفوري، مثل الفحم والبترول والغاز الطبيعي والطاقة النووية، مواد خام قابلة للاستهلاك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sustainable energy resources are only the renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro- geothermal and biomass.","translation":"موارد الطاقة المستدامة هي فقط مصادر الطاقة المتجددة مثل الطاقة الشمسية والرياح والطاقة الكهرومائية والطاقة الحرارية الأرضية والكتلة الحيوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These energy sources are more equitably distributed and environment-friendly.","translation":"تتوزع مصادر الطاقة هذه بشكل أكثر إنصافًا وهي صديقة للبيئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The non-conventional energy sources will provide more sustained, eco-friendly cheaper energy after the initial cost is taken care of.","translation":"ستوفر مصادر الطاقة غير التقليدية طاقة أرخص وأكثر استدامة وصديقة للبيئة بعد الاهتمام بالتكلفة الأولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nuclear energy has emerged as a viable source in recent times.","translation":"برزت الطاقة النووية كمصدر حيوي في الآونة الأخيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Important minerals used for the generation of nuclear energy are uranium and thorium.","translation":"المعادن الهامة المستخدمة لتوليد الطاقة النووية هي اليورانيوم والثوريوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Uranium deposits occur in the Dharwar rocks.","translation":"توجد رواسب اليورانيوم في صخور داروار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Geographically, uranium ores are known to occur in several locations along the Singbhum Copper belt.","translation":"جغرافيًا، من المعروف أن خامات اليورانيوم توجد في عدة مواقع على طول حزام النحاس في سينجبوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thorium is mainly obtained from monazite and ilmenite in the beach sands along the coast of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.","translation":"يتم الحصول على الثوريوم بشكل رئيسي من المونازيت والإلمنيت في رمال الشاطئ على طول ساحل ولايتي كيرالا وتاميل نادو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"World’s richest monazite deposits occur in Palakkad and Kollam districts of Kerala, near Vishakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh and Mahanadi river delta in Odisha.","translation":"توجد أغنى رواسب المونازيت في العالم في مقاطعات بالاكاد وكولام في ولاية كيرالا، بالقرب من فيساخاباتنام في ولاية أندرا براديش ودلتا نهر ماهانادي في ولاية أوديشا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Solar energy is 7 per cent more effective than coal or oil based plants and 10 per cent more effective than nuclear plants.","translation":"الطاقة الشمسية أكثر فعالية بنسبة 7 في المائة من محطات الفحم أو النفط وأكثر فعالية بنسبة 10 في المائة من المحطات النووية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The western part of India has greater potential for the development of solar energy in Gujarat and Rajasthan.","translation":"يتمتع الجزء الغربي من الهند بإمكانات أكبر لتطوير الطاقة الشمسية في ولايتي غوجارات وراجستان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Wind energy is absolutely pollution free, inexhaustible source of energy.","translation":"طاقة الرياح خالية تمامًا من التلوث، وهي مصدر طاقة لا ينضب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The kinetic energy of wind, through turbines is converted into electrical energy.","translation":"تتحول الطاقة الحركية للرياح، من خلال التوربينات، إلى طاقة كهربائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India, already has started generating wind energy.","translation":"بدأت الهند بالفعل في توليد طاقة الرياح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ocean currents are the store-house of infinite energy.","translation":"تيارات المحيطات هي مستودع للطاقة اللانهائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Large tidal waves are known to occur along the west coast of India.","translation":"من المعروف أن الأمواج المدية الكبيرة تحدث على طول الساحل الغربي للهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Hence, India has great potential for the development of tidal energy along the coasts but so far these have not yet been utilised.","translation":"وبالتالي، تتمتع الهند بإمكانات كبيرة لتطوير طاقة المد والجزر على طول السواحل، ولكن حتى الآن لم يتم استغلالها بعد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"When the magma from the interior of earth, comes out on the surface, tremendous heat is released.","translation":"عندما تخرج الصهارة من باطن الأرض إلى السطح، تنطلق حرارة هائلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India aims to double its share in international trade within the next five years.","translation":"تهدف الهند إلى مضاعفة حصتها في التجارة الدولية في غضون السنوات الخمس المقبلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The port is specially designed to receive large quantities of petroleum and petroleum products and fertiliser.","translation":"تم تصميم الميناء خصيصًا لاستقبال كميات كبيرة من البترول والمنتجات البترولية والأسمدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Manufacturing sector alone accounted for 67.8 per cent of India’s total value of export in 2021-22.","translation":"مثل قطاع التصنيع وحده 67.8 في المائة من إجمالي قيمة الصادرات الهندية في الفترة 2021-2022.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India has trade relations with most of the countries and major trading blocks of the world.","translation":"للهند علاقات تجارية مع معظم دول العالم والتكتلات التجارية الرئيسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The decline in traditional items is largely due to the tough international competition.","translation":"يرجع الانخفاض في البنود التقليدية إلى حد كبير إلى المنافسة الدولية الشديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Can you calculate the percentage growth in 2020-21 over 1950-51?","translation":"هل يمكنك حساب نسبة النمو في الفترة 2020-21 مقارنة بالفترة 1950-51؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The major item of import at that time was foodgrain, capital goods, machinery and equipment.","translation":"كانت السلعة الرئيسية المستوردة في ذلك الوقت هي الحبوب والسلع الرأسمالية والآلات والمعدات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India is surrounded by sea from three sides and is bestowed with a long coastline.","translation":"تحيط بالهند البحار من ثلاثة جوانب، وهي تتمتع بساحل طويل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The port is situated closer to the general routes from the countries of Middle East, Mediterranean countries, North Africa, North America and Europe.","translation":"يقع الميناء بالقرب من الطرق العامة من دول الشرق الأوسط ودول البحر الأبيض المتوسط وشمال إفريقيا وأمريكا الشمالية وأوروبا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Most of the ports are equipped with modern infrastructure.","translation":"معظم الموانئ مجهزة ببنية تحتية حديثة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The British used the ports as suction points of the resources from their hinterlands.","translation":"استخدم البريطانيون الموانئ كنقاط استخلاص للموارد من مناطقها الخلفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Air transport plays an important role in the international trade.","translation":"تلعب النقل الجوي دورًا مهمًا في التجارة الدولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Environmental pollution results from the release of substances and energy from waste products of human activities.","translation":"ينتج التلوث البيئي عن إطلاق المواد والطاقة من المنتجات المهملة للأنشطة البشرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environmental","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Water pollution is a source of various water- borne diseases.","translation":"تلوث المياه هو مصدر لأمراض مختلفة تنتقل عن طريق المياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environmental","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Industries produce several undesirable products including industrial wastes, polluted waste water, poisonous gases, chemical residuals, numerous heavy metals, dust, smoke, etc.","translation":"تنتج الصناعات العديد من المنتجات غير المرغوب فيها بما في ذلك النفايات الصناعية والمياه العادمة الملوثة والغازات السامة والمخلفات الكيميائية والعديد من المعادن الثقيلة والغبار والدخان وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environmental","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Air pollution causes various diseases related to respiratory, nervous and circulatory systems.","translation":"يتسبب تلوث الهواء في أمراض مختلفة تتعلق بالجهاز التنفسي والجهاز العصبي والدورة الدموية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environmental","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Urban areas are generally marked by overcrowding, congestion, inadequate facilities to support the fast growing population and consequent poor sanitary conditions and foul air.","translation":"عادة ما تتميز المناطق الحضرية بالازدحام والاكتظاظ والمرافق غير الكافية لدعم السكان المتزايدين بسرعة والظروف الصحية السيئة الناتجة والهواء الفاسد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environmental","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Namami Gange Programme has been launched for the same.","translation":"تم إطلاق برنامج نامامي جانجي لنفس الغرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environmental","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Most of India’s foreign trade is carried through sea and air routes.","translation":"تتم معظم التجارة الخارجية للهند عبر الطرق البحرية والجوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The capacity of Indian ports increased from 20 million tonnes of cargo handling in 1951 to more than 837 million tonnes in 2016.","translation":"زادت قدرة الموانئ الهندية من 20 مليون طن من مناولة البضائع في عام 1951 إلى أكثر من 837 مليون طن في عام 2016.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These discarded materials are also termed as refuse, garbage and rubbish, etc., and are disposed of from two sources.","translation":"تُسمى هذه المواد المتخلص منها أيضًا بالنفايات والقمامة والنفايات وما إلى ذلك، ويتم التخلص منها من مصدرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Smoky fog over cities called as urban smog is caused by atmospheric pollution.","translation":"الضباب الدخاني فوق المدن يسمى الضباب الدخاني الحضري وينتج عن تلوث الغلاف الجوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Air pollution can also cause acid rains.","translation":"يمكن أن يتسبب تلوث الهواء أيضًا في هطول الأمطار الحمضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Noise pollution refers to the state of unbearable and uncomfortable to human beings which is caused by noise from different sources.","translation":"يشير التلوث الضوضائي إلى حالة لا تطاق وغير مريحة للإنسان والتي تنتج عن الضوضاء من مصادر مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The main sources of noise pollution are various factories, mechanised construction and demolition works, automobiles and aircraft, etc.","translation":"المصادر الرئيسية للتلوث الضوضائي هي المصانع المختلفة وأعمال البناء والهدم الآلية والسيارات والطائرات وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The level of steady noise is measured by sound level expressed in terms of decibels (dB).","translation":"يتم قياس مستوى الضوضاء الثابتة بمستوى الصوت المعبر عنه بوحدات الديسيبل (ديسيبل).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Of all these sources, the biggest nuisance is the noise produced by traffic.","translation":"من بين كل هذه المصادر، فإن أكبر إزعاج هو الضوضاء الناتجة عن حركة المرور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Industries cause noise pollution but with varying intensity depending upon the type of industry.","translation":"تتسبب الصناعات في التلوث الضوضائي ولكن بكثافة متفاوتة اعتمادًا على نوع الصناعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Solid wastes cause health hazard through creation of obnoxious smell, and harbouring of flies and rodents.","translation":"تتسبب النفايات الصلبة في خطر على الصحة من خلال خلق رائحة كريهة، وإيواء الذباب والقوارض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Concentration of industrial units in and around urban centres gives rise to disposal of industrial wastes.","translation":"يؤدي تركيز الوحدات الصناعية في المراكز الحضرية وحولها إلى التخلص من النفايات الصناعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The dumping of industrial waste into rivers leads to water pollution.","translation":"يؤدي إلقاء النفايات الصناعية في الأنهار إلى تلوث المياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Urban waste disposal is a serious problem in India.","translation":"التخلص من النفايات الحضرية مشكلة خطيرة في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Based on the universal law “Polluter pays”, effort to restore the ecology and safeguard the human health with people’s participation has taken place in Daurala near Meerut.","translation":"بناءً على القانون العالمي ","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The groundwater of this village was contaminated with heavy metals.","translation":"كانت المياه الجوفية لهذه القرية ملوثة بالمعادن الثقيلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The NGO conducted a door to door survey of the health status of the residents and came out with a report.","translation":"أجرت المنظمة غير الحكومية مسحًا من الباب إلى الباب للحالة الصحية للسكان وخرجت بتقرير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rainwater harvesting structures have been constructed at different places which has helped in diluting the contaminants of the groundwater after the monsoons.","translation":"تم بناء هياكل حصاد مياه الأمطار في أماكن مختلفة مما ساعد في تخفيف ملوثات المياه الجوفية بعد موسم الأمطار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Population flow from rural to urban areas is caused by many factors.","translation":"ينتج تدفق السكان من المناطق الريفية إلى المناطق الحضرية عن عوامل عديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In India, population in cities is rapidly increasing.","translation":"في الهند، يتزايد عدد السكان في المدن بسرعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ramesh has been working in contract as a welder on construction site in Talcher.","translation":"يعمل راميش في عقد كموظف لحام في موقع بناء في تالشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The concept “Urban or Urban Centre” is defined in settlement geography to differentiate it from the “Rural”.","translation":"يتم تعريف مفهوم ","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/Geography-India -People And Economy-XII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"When people move from one place to another, the place they move from is called the Place of Origin.","translation":"عندما ينتقل الناس من مكان إلى آخر، يُسمى المكان الذي ينتقلون منه مكان المنشأ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Migration may be interpreted as a spontaneous effort to achieve a better balance between population and resources.","translation":"يمكن تفسير الهجرة على أنها جهد تلقائي لتحقيق توازن أفضل بين السكان والموارد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"People migrate for a better economic and social life.","translation":"يهاجر الناس من أجل حياة اقتصادية واجتماعية أفضل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Push factors make the place of origin seem less attractive.","translation":"عوامل الطرد تجعل مكان المنشأ يبدو أقل جاذبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Pull factors make the place of destination seem more attractive.","translation":"عوامل الجذب تجعل مكان الوجهة يبدو أكثر جاذبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Human population increased more than ten times in the past 500 hundred years.","translation":"زاد عدد سكان العالم بأكثر من عشرة أضعاف في الخمسمائة عامًا الماضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The first stage has high fertility and high mortality.","translation":"المرحلة الأولى تتميز بمعدلات خصوبة ووفيات مرتفعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Improvements in sanitation and health conditions lead to decline in mortality.","translation":"تؤدي التحسينات في الصرف الصحي والظروف الصحية إلى انخفاض معدل الوفيات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the last stage, both fertility and mortality decline considerably.","translation":"في المرحلة الأخيرة، ينخفض كل من معدلات الخصوبة والوفيات بشكل كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Family planning is the spacing or preventing the birth of children.","translation":"تنظيم الأسرة هو تحديد الفترات الزمنية بين الولادات أو منعها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The preventive checks are better than the physical checks.","translation":"الضوابط الوقائية أفضل من الضوابط المادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For the sustainability of our resources, the world will have to control the rapid population increase.","translation":"من أجل استدامة مواردنا، سيتعين على العالم السيطرة على الزيادة السكانية السريعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What does this mean? Do growth and development mean the same thing?","translation":"ماذا يعني هذا؟ هل يعني النمو والتنمية الشيء نفسه؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Development means a qualitative change which is always value positive.","translation":"التنمية تعني تغييراً نوعياً يكون إيجابياً دائماً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Yet, positive growth does not always lead to development.","translation":"ومع ذلك، فإن النمو الإيجابي لا يؤدي دائمًا إلى التنمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The idea that the quality of life people enjoy in a country is important.","translation":"الفكرة القائلة بأن نوعية الحياة التي يتمتع بها الناس في بلد ما مهمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People are central to all development under this concept.","translation":"الناس هم محور كل تنمية في إطار هذا المفهوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A meaningful life is not just a long one.","translation":"الحياة الهادفة ليست مجرد حياة طويلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Leading a long and healthy life, being able to gain knowledge are the most important aspects of human development.","translation":"إن عيش حياة طويلة وصحية، والقدرة على اكتساب المعرفة هما أهم جوانب التنمية البشرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Building people’s capabilities in the areas of health, education and access to resources is therefore, important.","translation":"لذلك، فإن بناء قدرات الناس في مجالات الصحة والتعليم والحصول على الموارد أمر مهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of average achievement in key dimensions of human development.","translation":"مؤشر التنمية البشرية (HDI) هو مقياس موجز للإنجاز المتوسط في الأبعاد الرئيسية للتنمية البشرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Switzerland consistently ranks high in the HDI, reflecting its strong economy and social programs.","translation":"تحتل سويسرا باستمرار مرتبة عالية في مؤشر التنمية البشرية، مما يعكس اقتصادها القوي وبرامجها الاجتماعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The report highlights the disparities in human development across different regions.","translation":"يسلط التقرير الضوء على التفاوتات في التنمية البشرية عبر المناطق المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Access to education and healthcare are crucial components of human development.","translation":"تعتبر إمكانية الحصول على التعليم والرعاية الصحية من المكونات الحاسمة للتنمية البشرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Economic growth alone does not guarantee improved human well-being.","translation":"النمو الاقتصادي وحده لا يضمن تحسين الرفاهية الإنسانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) publishes the annual Human Development Report.","translation":"برنامج الأمم المتحدة الإنمائي (UNDP) ينشر تقرير التنمية البشرية السنوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Factors like life expectancy, education levels, and income are considered in calculating the HDI.","translation":"تؤخذ عوامل مثل متوسط العمر المتوقع ومستويات التعليم والدخل في الاعتبار عند حساب مؤشر التنمية البشرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The report analyzes global trends in human development.","translation":"يحلل التقرير الاتجاهات العالمية في التنمية البشرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Inequality can significantly impact a country's HDI score.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤثر عدم المساواة بشكل كبير على درجة مؤشر التنمية البشرية للبلد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Investing in human capital is essential for sustainable development.","translation":"الاستثمار في رأس المال البشري ضروري للتنمية المستدامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The HDI provides a valuable tool for assessing a nation's progress.","translation":"يوفر مؤشر التنمية البشرية أداة قيمة لتقييم تقدم الأمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Climate change poses a serious threat to human development.","translation":"يشكل تغير المناخ تهديدًا خطيرًا للتنمية البشرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Good governance and strong institutions are vital for human progress.","translation":"الحكم الرشيد والمؤسسات القوية ضروريان للتقدم البشري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The report examines the relationship between human development and environmental sustainability.","translation":"يفحص التقرير العلاقة بين التنمية البشرية والاستدامة البيئية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Education empowers individuals and contributes to societal advancement.","translation":"التعليم يمكّن الأفراد ويساهم في تقدم المجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Healthcare systems play a critical role in improving human well-being.","translation":"تلعب أنظمة الرعاية الصحية دورًا حاسمًا في تحسين الرفاهية الإنسانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The HDI is a composite index, combining several indicators.","translation":"��ؤشر التنمية البشرية هو مؤشر مركب يجمع بين عدة مؤشرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Countries with high HDI scores often have strong social safety nets.","translation":"غالبًا ما يكون لدى البلدان ذات الدرجات العالية في مؤشر التنمية البشرية شبكات أمان اجتماعي قوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The report provides data on various aspects of human life.","translation":"يقدم التقرير بيانات عن جوانب مختلفة من حياة الإنسان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Sustainable development goals are closely linked to human development.","translation":"أهداف التنمية المستدامة مرتبطة ارتباطًا وثيقًا بالتنمية البشرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Transforming raw materials into valuable products is a key aspect of secondary activities.","translation":"تحويل المواد الخام إلى منتجات قيمة هو جانب رئيسي من الأنشطة الثانوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cotton, initially of limited use, becomes valuable yarn for clothing after processing.","translation":"القطن، في البداية ذو استخدام محدود، يصبح خيوطًا قيمة للملابس بعد المعالجة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Iron ore gains value when converted into steel, enabling the creation of machines and tools.","translation":"تكتسب خام الحديد قيمة عند تحويله إلى فولاذ، مما يتيح إنشاء الآلات والأدوات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Most materials from farms, forests, mines, and the sea undergo similar transformations.","translation":"تخضع معظم المواد من المزارع والغابات والمناجم والبحر لتحولات مماثلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Secondary activities encompass manufacturing, processing, and construction industries.","translation":"تشمل الأنشطة الثانوية الصناعات التحويلية والمعالجة والبناء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Manufacturing ranges from handicrafts to complex machinery production.","translation":"تتراوح الصناعة من الحرف اليدوية إلى إنتاج الآلات المعقدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Modern manufacturing often involves power application, mass production, and specialized labor.","translation":"غالبًا ما تتضمن الصناعة الحديثة تطبيق الطاقة والإنتاج الضخم والعمالة المتخصصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Manufacturing can be primitive or highly advanced, depending on the technology used.","translation":"يمكن أن تكون الصناعة بدائية أو متقدمة للغاية، اعتمادًا على التكنولوجيا المستخدمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Many Third World countries still practice manufacturing in its literal sense.","translation":"لا تزال العديد من دول العالم الثالث تمارس التصنيع بالمعنى الحرفي للكلمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Modern large-scale manufacturing features specialized skills and production methods.","translation":"تتميز الصناعة الحديثة واسعة النطاق بمهارات وأساليب إنتاج متخصصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mass production involves standardized parts and repetitive tasks for each worker.","translation":"يتضمن الإنتاج الضخم أجزاء موحدة ومهام متكررة لكل عامل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Manufacturing transforms raw materials into finished goods for local or distant markets.","translation":"تحول الصناعة المواد الخام إلى سلع تامة الصنع للأسواق المحلية أو البعيدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An industry is a geographically located manufacturing unit with its own accounts.","translation":"الصناعة هي وحدة تصنيع موجودة جغرافيًا ولها حساباتها الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The entertainment and tourism industries are also considered secondary activities.","translation":"تعتبر صناعات الترفيه والسياحة أيضًا أنشطة ثانوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mechanization and automation are key aspects of modern manufacturing.","translation":"الميكنة والأتمتة هما جانبان أساسيان في التصنيع الحديث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Technological innovation is crucial for quality control and waste reduction.","translation":"الابتكار التكنولوجي أمر بالغ الأهمية لمراقبة الجودة والحد من النفايات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Modern manufacturing requires complex technology, specialization, and large capital.","translation":"يتطلب التصنيع الحديث تكنولوجيا معقدة وتخصصًا ورأس مال كبيرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Major manufacturing concentrations are found in a few developed nations.","translation":"توجد تجمعات التصنيع الرئيسية في عدد قليل من الدول المتقدمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Industries aim to minimize costs by choosing optimal locations.","translation":"تهدف الصناعات إلى تقليل التكاليف عن طريق اختيار المواقع المثالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Access to market is the most important factor in industrial location.","translation":"الوصول إلى السوق هو أهم عامل في تحديد موقع الصناعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Physical geography studies the physical environment and human geography studies the relationship between the physical and human worlds.","translation":"يدرس الجغرافيا الطبيعية البيئة المادية، بينما تدرس الجغرافيا البشرية العلاقة بين العالمين المادي والبشري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Make a list of physical and human components of your surroundings.","translation":"أعد قائمة بالعناصر المادية والبشرية المحيطة بك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"You are already aware of the fact that the core concern of geography as a discipline is to understand the earth as home of human beings.","translation":"أنت تدرك بالفعل أن الاهتمام الأساسي للجغرافيا كعلم هو فهم الأرض كوطن للبشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thus, emphasis is on study of nature and human beings.","translation":"وبالتالي، ينصب التركيز على دراسة الطبيعة والبشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Whether geographical phenomena be interpreted theoretically or through historic-institutional approach?","translation":"هل ينبغي تفسير الظواهر الجغرافية نظريًا أم من خلال النهج التاريخي المؤسسي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The dichotomy between physical and human is not a very valid one because nature and human are inseparable elements.","translation":"التقسيم بين الجغرافيا الطبيعية والبشرية ليس صحيحًا جدًا لأن الطبيعة والإنسان عنصران لا ينفصلان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We often talk of the ‘face’ of the earth, ‘eye’ of the storm, ‘mouth’ of the river.","translation":"غالبًا ما نتحدث عن 'وجه' الأرض، و'عين' العاصفة، و'فم' النهر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Can you collect such terms and expressions from your own language?","translation":"هل يمكنك جمع مثل هذه المصطلحات والعبارات من لغتك الخاصة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Human geography is the synthetic study of relationship between human societies and earth’s surface.","translation":"الجغرافيا البشرية هي الدراسة التركيبية للعلاقة بين المجتمعات البشرية وسطح الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Human geography studies the inter-relationship between the physical environment and socio-cultural environment created by human beings.","translation":"تدرس الجغرافيا البشرية العلاقة المتبادلة بين البيئة المادية والبيئة الاجتماعية والثقافية التي خلقها البشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You have already studied the elements of physical environment in class XI.","translation":"لقد درست بالفعل عناصر البيئة ا��مادية في الصف الحادي عشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Can you make a list of elements which human beings have created through their activities?","translation":"هل يمكنك إعداد قائمة بالعناصر التي خلقها البشر من خلال أنشطتهم؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Technology indicates the level of cultural development of society.","translation":"تشير التكنولوجيا إلى مستوى التطور الثقافي للمجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Human beings were able to develop technology after they developed better understanding of natural laws.","translation":"تمكن البشر من تطوير التكنولوجيا بعد أن طوروا فهمًا أفضل للقوانين الطبيعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the early stages of their interaction with their natural environment humans were greatly influenced by it.","translation":"في المراحل الأولى من تفاعلهم مع بيئتهم الطبيعية، تأثر البشر بها بشدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This type of interaction between primitive human society and strong forces of nature was termed as environmental determinism.","translation":"أُطلق على هذا النوع من التفاعل بين المجتمع البشري البدائي وقوى الطبيعة القوية اسم الحتمية البيئية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Benda lives in the wilds of the Abujh Maad area of central India.","translation":"يعيش بيندا في براري منطقة أبوجه ماد في وسط الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Benda and his friends burn small patches of forest to clear them for cultivation.","translation":"يقوم بيندا وأصدقاؤه بحرق بقع صغيرة من الغابات لتطهيرها للزراعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The people begin to understand their environment and the forces of nature with the passage of time.","translation":"يبدأ الناس في فهم بيئتهم وقوى الطبيعة مع مرور الوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nature provides opportunities and human being make use of these and slowly nature gets humanised.","translation":"توفر الطبيعة الفرص ويستغلها البشر، ومع مرور الوقت تتأنسن الطبيعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There is an urgent need to address the human development requirements of this group through well thought out policies.","translation":"هناك حاجة ملحة لتلبية متطلبات التنمية البشرية لهذه المجموعة من خلال سياسات مدروسة جيدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"International comparisons of human development can show some very interesting results.","translation":"يمكن للمقارنات الدولية للتنمية البشرية أن تظهر بعض النتائج المثيرة للاهتمام للغاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Often people tend to blame low levels of human development on the culture of the people.","translation":"غالبًا ما يميل الناس إلى إلقاء اللوم على انخفاض مستويات التنمية البشرية على ثقافة الناس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Such statements are misleading.","translation":"مثل هذه التصريحات مضللة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"To understand why a particular region keeps reporting low or high levels of human development it is important to look at the pattern of government expenditure on the social sector.","translation":"لفهم سبب استمرار منطقة معينة في الإبلاغ عن مستويات منخفضة أو عالية من التنمية البشرية، من المهم النظر إلى نمط الإنفاق الحكومي على القطاع الاجتماعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Countries with high levels of human development invest more in the social sectors and are generally free from political turmoil and instability.","translation":"الدول ذات المستويات العالية من التنمية البشرية تستثمر أكثر في القطاعات الاجتماعية وهي عمومًا خالية من الاضطرابات السياسية وعدم الاستقرار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Distribution of the country’s resources is also far more equitable.","translation":"كما أن توزيع موارد البلد أكثر إنصافًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"On the other hand, places with low levels of human development tend to spend more on defence rather than social sectors.","translation":"من ناحية أخرى، تميل الأماكن ذات المستويات المنخفضة من التنمية البشرية إلى إنفاق المزيد على الدفاع بدلاً من القطاعات الاجتماعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This shows that these countries tend to be located in areas of political instability and have not been able to initiate accelerated economic development.","translation":"هذا يدل على أن هذه البلدان تميل إلى التواجد في مناطق عدم الاستقرار السياسي ولم تتمكن من الشروع في تنمية اقتصادية متسارعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Economic activities are broadly grouped into primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary activities.","translation":"تصنف الأنشطة الاقتصادية على نطاق واسع إلى أنشطة أولية وثانوية وثالثية ورابعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Primary activities are directly dependent on environment as these refer to utilisation of earth’s resources such as land, water, vegetation, building materials and minerals.","translation":"تعتمد الأنشطة الأولية بشكل مباشر على البيئة لأنها تشير إلى استخدام موارد الأرض مثل الأرض والمياه والنباتات ومواد البناء والمعادن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It, thus includes, hunting and gathering, pastoral activities, fishing, forestry, agriculture, and mining and quarrying.","translation":"وبالتالي، يشمل ذلك الصيد والجمع والأنشطة الرعوية وصيد الأسماك والحراجة والزراعة والتعدين والمحاجر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Why are the inhabitants of coastal and plain regions engaged in fishing and agriculture respectively?","translation":"لماذا يشارك سكان المناطق الساحلية والسهلية في صيد الأسماك والزراعة على التوالي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People engaged in primary activities are called red- collar workers due to the outdoor nature of their work.","translation":"يُطلق على الأشخاص العاملين في الأنشطة الأولية اسم العمال ذوي الياقات الحمراء بسبب طبيعة عملهم في الهواء الطلق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The earliest human beings depended on their immediate environment for their sustenance.","translation":"اعتمد أقدم البشر على بيئتهم المباشرة من أجل بقائهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Primitive societies depended on wild animals.","translation":"اعتمدت المجتمعات البدائية على الحيوانات البرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The people in the coastal areas still catch fish though fishing has experienced modernisation due to technological progress.","translation":"لا يزال الناس في المناطق الساحلية يصطادون الأسماك على الرغم من أن صيد الأسماك قد شهد تحديثًا بسبب التقدم التكنولوجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Many species, now have become extinct or endangered due to illegal hunting (poaching).","translation":"أصبحت العديد من الأنواع الآن منقرضة أو مهددة بالانقراض بسبب الصيد غير القانوني (الصيد الجائر).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The early hunters used primitive tools made of stones, twigs or arrows so the number of animals killed was limited.","translation":"استخدم الصيادون الأوائل أدوات بدائية مصنوعة من الحجارة أو الأغصان أو الأسهم، لذا كان عدد الحيوانات التي قُتلت محدودًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Gathering and hunting are the oldest economic activity known.","translation":"الجمع والصيد هما أقدم نشاط اقتصادي معروف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The internet has expanded the economic and social space of humans.","translation":"لقد وسعت شبكة الإنترنت المساحة الاقتصادية وال��جتماعية للبشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Modern communication systems have made the concept of a global village a reality.","translation":"جعلت أنظمة الاتصالات الحديثة مفهوم القرية العالمية حقيقة واقعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"International trade is the exchange of goods and services among countries.","translation":"التجارة الدولية هي تبادل السلع والخدمات بين البلدان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Countries trade to obtain commodities they cannot produce themselves.","translation":"تتداول البلدان للحصول على السلع التي لا يمكنها إنتاجها بنفسها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The barter system was an early form of trade.","translation":"كان نظام المقايضة شكلاً مبكرًا من أشكال التجارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Money overcame the difficulties of the barter system.","translation":"تغلبت النقود على صعوبات نظام المقايضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Silk Route connected Rome to China.","translation":"ربط طريق الحرير روما بالصين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"European commerce grew during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.","translation":"نما الاقتصاد الأوروبي خلال القرنين الثاني عشر والثالث عشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Slave trade emerged during European colonialism.","translation":"ظهرت تجارة الرقيق خلال الاستعمار الأوروبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The demand for raw materials expanded after the Industrial Revolution.","translation":"توسع الطلب على المواد الخام بعد الثورة الصناعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"International trade is based on comparative advantage.","translation":"تعتمد التجارة الدولية على الميزة النسبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"National resources are unevenly distributed.","translation":"تتوزع الموارد الوطنية بشكل غير متساو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geography","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Climate influences the type of flora and fauna.","translation":"يؤثر المناخ على نوع النباتات والحيوانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geography","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Densely populated countries have large internal trade.","translation":"الدول ذات الكثافة السكانية العالية لديها تجارة داخلية كبيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Foreign investment can boost trade in developing countries.","translation":"يمكن للاستثمار الأجنبي أن يعزز التجارة في البلدان النامية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Lack of transport restricted trade in olden times.","translation":"أدى نقص النقل إلى تقييد التجارة في العصور القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Balance of trade records imports and exports.","translation":"تسجل ميزان التجارة الواردات والصادرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Bilateral trade is done by two countries.","translation":"التجارة الثنائية تتم بين دولتين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Free trade allows goods to compete.","translation":"التجارة الحرة تسمح للسلع بالمنافسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The World Trade Organisation promotes free trade.","translation":"تعزز منظمة التجارة العالمية التجارة الحرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The use of telecommunications is linked to the development of modern technology.","translation":"يرتبط استخدام الاتصالات السلكية واللاسلكية بتطور التكنولوجيا الحديثة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It has revolutionised communications because of the speed with which messages are sent.","translation":"لقد أحدثت ثورة في الاتصالات بسبب السرعة التي يتم بها إرسال الرسائل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Besides, the recent advancements like mobile telephony have made communications direct and instantaneous at any time and from anywhere.","translation":"إلى جانب ذلك ، جعلت التطورات الحديثة مثل الاتصالات الهاتفية المحمولة الاتصالات مباشرة وفورية في أي وقت ومن أي مكان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Radio and television also help to relay news, pictures, and telephone calls to vast audiences around the world and hence they are termed as mass media.","translation":"تساعد الإذاعة والتلفزيون أيضًا في نقل الأخبار والصور والمكالمات الهاتفية إلى جماهير واسعة في جميع أنحاء العالم ، وبالتالي يطلق عليها اسم وسائل الإعلام الجماهيرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They are vital for advertising and entertainment.","translation":"إنها حيوية للإعلان والترفيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Newspapers are able to cover events in all corners of the world.","translation":"الصحف قادرة على تغطية الأحداث في جميع أنحاء العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Satellite communication relays information of the earth and from space.","translation":"تعمل الاتصالات عبر الأقمار الصناعية على نقل معلومات عن الأرض والفضاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The internet has truly revolutionised the global communication system.","translation":"لقد أحدث الإنترنت ثورة حقيقية في نظام الاتصالات العالمي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Services occur at many different levels.","translation":"تحدث الخدمات على العديد من المستويات المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Some are geared to industry, some to people, and some to both industry and people, e.g. the transport systems.","translation":"بعضها موجه للصناعة ، وبعضها للناس ، وبعضها للصناعة والناس على حد سواء ، على سبيل المثال ، أنظمة النقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Low-order services, such as grocery shops and laundries, are more common and widespread than high-order services or more specialised ones like those of accountants, consultants and physicians.","translation":"الخدمات منخفضة الترتيب ، مثل محلات البقالة والمغاسل ، أكثر شيوعًا وانتشارًا من الخدمات عالية الترتيب أو الخدمات الأكثر تخصصًا مثل خدمات المحاسبين والاستشاريين والأطباء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Services are provided to individual consumers who can afford to pay for them.","translation":"يتم توفير الخدمات للمستهلكين الأفراد الذين يمكنهم تحمل تكاليفها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"For example, the gardener, the launderers and the barber do primarily physical labour.","translation":"على سبيل المثال ، يقوم البستاني والغسال والحلاق في المقام الأول بالعمل البدني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Teacher, lawyers, physicians, musicians and others perform mental labour.","translation":"يقوم المعلمون والمحامون والأطباء والموسيقيون وغيرهم بالعمل الذهني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Many services have now been regulated.","translation":"تم تنظيم العديد من الخدمات الآن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Making and maintaining highways and bridges, maintaining fire fighting departments and supplying or supervising education and customer-care are among the important services most often supervised or performed by governments or companies.","translation":"يعد إنشاء وصيانة الطرق السريعة والجسور ، والحفاظ على إدارات مكافحة الحرائق وتوفير أو الإشراف على التعليم ورعاية العملاء من بين الخدمات الهامة التي غالبًا ما تشرف عليها أو تؤديها الحكومات أو الشركات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"State and union legislation have established corporations to supervise and control the marketing of such services as transport, telecommunication, energy and water supply.","translation":"أنشأت تشريعات الولايات والاتحادات شركات للإش��اف على وتسويق هذه الخدمات مثل النقل والاتصالات والطاقة وإمدادات المياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Professional services are primarily health care, engineering, law and management.","translation":"الخدمات المهنية هي في المقام الأول الرعاية الصحية والهندسة والقانون والإدارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The location of recreational and entertainment services depends on the market.","translation":"يعتمد موقع خدمات الترفيه والترفيه على السوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Multiplexes and restaurants might find location within or near the Central Business District (CBD), whereas a golf course would choose a site where land costs are lower than in the CBD.","translation":"قد تجد المجمعات والمطاعم موقعًا داخل أو بالقرب من منطقة الأعمال المركزية (CBD) ، في حين أن ملعب الجولف سيختار موقعًا تكون فيه تكاليف الأرض أقل من منطقة الأعمال المركزية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The railways are used more for long-distance bulky freight than for passengers in many European countries.","translation":"في العديد من الدول الأوروبية، تُستخدم السكك الحديدية بشكل أكبر لنقل البضائع الضخمة لمسافات طويلة مثل الخامات والحبوب والأخشاب والآلات بدلاً من الركاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The most dense rail network is found in the highly industrialised and urbanised region of East Central U. S. A. and adjoining Canada.","translation":"توجد شبكة السكك الحديدية الأكثر كثافة في المنطقة الصناعية والحضرية للغاية في شرق وسط الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وكندا المجاورة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In Canada, railways are in the public sector and distributed all over the sparsely populated areas.","translation":"في كندا، تقع السكك الحديدية في القطاع العام وتنتشر في جميع أنحاء المناطق ذات الكثافة السكانية المنخفضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The transcontinental railways carry the bulk of wheat and coal tonnage.","translation":"تحمل السكك الحديدية العابرة للقارات الجزء الأكبر من القمح والفحم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Australia has about 40,000 km of railways, of which 25 per cent are found in New South Wales alone.","translation":"تمتلك أستراليا حوالي 40000 كيلومتر من السكك الحديدية، منها 25 في المائة موجودة في نيو ساوث ويلز وحدها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The west-east Australian National Railway line runs across the country from Perth to Sydney.","translation":"يمتد خط السكك الحديدية الوطنية الأسترالية من الغرب إلى الشرق عبر البلاد من بيرث إلى سيدني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"New Zealand’s railways are mainly in the North Island to serve the farming areas.","translation":"تقع السكك الحديدية في نيوزيلندا بشكل رئيسي في الجزيرة الشمالية لخدمة المناطق الزراعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In South America, the rail network is the most dense in two regions, namely, the Pampas of Argentina and the coffee growing region of Brazil.","translation":"في أمريكا الجنوبية، تعد شبكة السكك الحديدية الأكثر كثافة في منطقتين، وهما بامباس الأرجنتين ومنطقة زراعة البن في البرازيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Only Chile, among the remaining countries has a considerable route length linking coastal centres with the mining sites in the interior.","translation":"تشيلي فقط، من بين البلدان المتبقية، لديها طول مسار كبير يربط المراكز الساحلية بمواقع التعدين في الداخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela have short single-track rail-lines from ports to the interior with no inter-connecting links.","translation":"لدى بيرو وبوليفيا والإكوادور وكولومبيا وفنزويلا خطوط سكك حديدية ق��يرة أحادية المسار من الموانئ إلى الداخل دون وجود روابط متصلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There is only one trans-continental rail route linking Buenos Aires (Argentina) with Valparaiso (Chile) across the Andes Mountains.","translation":"هناك مسار سكك حديدية واحد فقط عابر للقارات يربط بوينس آيرس (الأرجنتين) بفالبارايسو (تشيلي) عبر جبال الأنديز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In Asia, rail network is the most dense in the thickly populated areas of Japan, China and India.","translation":"في آسيا، تعد شبكة السكك الحديدية الأكثر كثافة في المناطق المكتظة بالسكان في اليابان والصين والهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"West Asia is the least developed in rail facilities because of vast deserts and sparsely populated regions.","translation":"تعتبر غرب آسيا الأقل تطوراً في مرافق السكك الحديدية بسبب الصحاري الشاسعة والمناطق ذات الكثافة السكانية المنخفضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Africa continent, despite being the second largest, has only 40,000 km of railways.","translation":"القارة الأفريقية، على الرغم من كونها ثاني أكبر قارة، لا تمتلك سوى 40000 كيلومتر من السكك الحديدية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The important routes of the continent are: (i) the Benguela Railway through Angola to Katanga-Zambia Copper Belt.","translation":"الطرق الهامة للقارة هي: (1) سكة حديد بنغويلا عبر أنغولا إلى حزام النحاس في كاتانغا-زامبيا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Trans–Continental railways run across the continent and link its two ends.","translation":"تمتد السكك الحديدية العابرة للقارات عبر القارة وتربط بين طرفيها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This is a trans–siberian Railways major rail route of Russia runs from St. Petersburg in the west to Vladivostok on the Pacific Coast in the east.","translation":"هذا هو طريق السكك الحديدية الرئيسي عبر سيبيريا في روسيا ويمتد من سانت بطرسبرغ في الغرب إلى فلاديفوستوك على ساحل المحيط الهادئ في الشرق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is the most important route in Asia and the longest (9,332 km) double-tracked and electrified trans– continental railway in the world.","translation":"إنه الطريق الأكثر أهمية في آسيا والأطول (9332 كم) سكة حديد عابرة للقارات مزدوجة المسار ومكهربة في العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It has helped in opening up its Asian region to West European markets.","translation":"لقد ساعد في فتح منطقتها الآسيوية أمام أسواق أوروبا الغربية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The oceans offer a smooth highway traversable in all directions with no maintenance costs.","translation":"توفر المحيطات طريقًا سريعًا سلسًا يمكن اجتيازه في جميع الاتجاهات دون تكاليف صيانة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}

ar/Geography-Practical Work in Geography-XII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,120 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"The textbook provides a comprehensive overview of geographical concepts.","translation":"يقدم الكتاب المدرسي نظرة عامة شاملة عن المفاهيم الجغرافية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Data is crucial for understanding spatial patterns and processes.","translation":"البيانات ضرورية لفهم الأنماط والعمليات المكانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The first edition of the book was published in February 2007.","translation":"نُشرت الطبعة الأولى من الكتاب في فبراير 2007.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Curriculum Framework emphasizes the importance of linking school life to the outside world.","translation":"يؤكد إطار المنهج الوطني على أهمية ربط الحياة المدرسية بالعالم الخارجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Students should be encouraged to reflect on their own learning.","translation":"يجب تشجيع الطلاب على التفكير في تعلمهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The textbook aims to discourage rote learning.","translation":"يهدف الكتاب المدرسي إلى تثبيط الحفظ عن ظهر قلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Flexibility in the daily timetable is necessary.","translation":"المرونة في الجدول الزمني اليومي ضرورية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book includes various maps of India.","translation":"يتضمن الكتاب خرائط مختلفة للهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Council welcomes comments and suggestions for improvement.","translation":"يرحب المجلس بالتعليقات والاقتراحات من أجل التحسين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a reduction in content load.","translation":"تطلبت جائحة كوفيد-19 تقليلًا في حجم المحتوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Experiential learning is encouraged by the National Education Policy 2020.","translation":"تشجع السياسة التعليمية الوطنية لعام 2020 التعلم التجريبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook development committee worked diligently.","translation":"عملت لجنة تطوير الكتاب المدرسي بجد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book acknowledges the contributions of many individuals.","translation":"يعترف الكتاب بمساهمات العديد من الأفراد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Survey of India certified the maps.","translation":"صدقت هيئة المسح الهندية على الخرائط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The administrative headquarters of Chandigarh are located there.","translation":"يقع المقر الإداري لتشانغار في ذلك المكان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The interstate boundaries are interpreted from the North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act.1971.","translation":"تُفسر الحدود بين الولايات من قانون إعادة تنظيم مناطق شمال شرق الهند لعام 1971.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The external boundaries and coastlines of India are accurate.","translation":"الحدود الخارجية والخطوط الساحلية للهند دقيقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The spellings of names in this map have been taken from various sources.","translation":"تم أخذ تهجئة الأسماء في هذه الخريطة من مصادر مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Data collection methods include personal observation and interviews.","translation":"تشمل طرق جمع البيانات الملاحظة الشخصية والمقابلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Statistical analysis is a necessity in geographical studies.","translation":"التحليل الإحصائي ضرورة في الدراسات الجغرافية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The selection of a scale through which the data related to the quantity of passengers and goods or the number of vehicles is to be represented.","translation":"اختيار مقياس يتم من خلاله تمثيل البيانات المتعلقة بكمية الركاب والبضائع أو ع��د المركبات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Construct a flow map to represent the number of trains running in Delhi and the adjoining areas.","translation":"قم بإنشاء خريطة تدفق لتمثيل عدد القطارات التي تعمل في دلهي والمناطق المجاورة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Take an outline map of Delhi and adjoining areas, in which railway line and the nodal stations are depicted.","translation":"خذ خريطة تفصيلية لدلهي والمناطق المجاورة، والتي يظهر فيها خط السكك الحديدية والمحطات الرئيسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Select a scale to represent the number of trains.","translation":"اختر مقياسًا لتمثيل عدد القطارات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Plot the thickness of each strip of route between the given rail route.","translation":"ارسم سمك كل شريط طريق بين مسار السكك الحديدية المحدد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Draw a terraced scale as legend and choose distinct sign or symbol to show the nodal points (stations) within the strip.","translation":"ارسم مقياسًا متدرجًا كشرح واختر علامة أو رمزًا مميزًا لإظهار النقاط الرئيسية (المحطات) داخل الشريط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Construct a water flow map of Ganga Basin.","translation":"قم بإنشاء خريطة تدفق للمياه لحوض نهر الغانج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Take a scale as a strip of 1cm width = 50,000 cusecs of water.","translation":"خذ مقياسًا كشريط بعرض 1 سم = 50000 قدم مكعب في الثانية من الماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Graphs and diagrams serve a useful purpose in providing a comparison between the internal variations within the data.","translation":"تخدم الرسوم البيانية والمخططات غرضًا مفيدًا في توفير مقارنة بين الاختلافات الداخلية داخل البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"However, the use of graphs and diagrams, at times, fails to produce a regional perspective.","translation":"ومع ذلك، فإن استخدام الرسوم البيانية والمخططات، في بعض الأحيان، يفشل في إنتاج منظور إقليمي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hence, variety of maps may also be drawn to understand the patterns of the regional distributions.","translation":"وبالتالي، يمكن أيضًا رسم مجموعة متنوعة من الخرائط لفهم أنماط التوزيعات الإقليمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These maps are also known as the distribution maps.","translation":"تُعرف هذه الخرائط أيضًا باسم خرائط التوزيع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"State/District level data about the selected theme.","translation":"بيانات على مستوى الولاية/المقاطعة حول الموضوع المحدد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Outline map of the study area alongwith administrative boundaries.","translation":"خريطة تفصيلية لمنطقة الدراسة إلى جانب الحدود الإدارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The drawing of the thematic maps must be carefully planned.","translation":"يجب التخطيط بعناية لرسم الخرائط الموضوعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The final map should properly reflect the following components: a. Name of the area b. Title of the subject-matter c. Source of the data and year d. Indication of symbols, signs, colours, shades, etc. e. Scale","translation":"يجب أن تعكس الخريطة النهائية بشكل صحيح المكونات التالية: أ. اسم المنطقة ب. عنوان الموضوع ج. مصدر البيانات والسنة د. الإشارة إلى الرموز والعلامات والألوان والظلال وما إلى ذلك هـ. المقياس","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The thematic maps are, generally, classified into quantitative and non-quantitative maps.","translation":"تصنف الخرائط الموضوعية، بشكل عام، إلى خرائط كمية وغير كمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The quantitative maps are drawn to show the variations within the data.","translation":"يتم رسم الخرائط الكمية لإظهار الاختلافات داخل البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The dot maps are drawn to show the distribution of phenomena such as population, cattle, types of crops, etc.","translation":"يتم رسم خرائط النقاط لإظهار توزيع الظواهر مثل السكان والماشية وأنواع المحاصيل وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An administrative map of the given area showing state/district/block boundaries.","translation":"خريطة إدارية للمنطقة المحددة تظهر حدود الولاية/المقاطعة/الكتلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"also compare economic conditions of different locations, industries, cities or countries.","translation":"كما تقارن الظروف الاقتصادية لمواقع أو صناعات أو مدن أو دول مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Index number is widely used in economics and business to see changes in price and quantity.","translation":"يستخدم الرقم القياسي على نطاق واسع في الاقتصاد والأعمال التجارية لمعرفة التغيرات في الأسعار والكميات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are various methods for the calculation of index number.","translation":"هناك طرق مختلفة لحساب الرقم القياسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"However, the simple aggregate method is most commonly used.","translation":"ومع ذلك ، فإن طريقة التجميع البسيطة هي الأكثر استخدامًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is obtained using the following formula: q q 1 0 ∑ ∑ ×100","translation":"يتم الحصول عليه باستخدام الصيغة التالية: q q 1 0 ∑ ∑ ×100","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"∑ = Total of the current year production","translation":"∑ = إجمالي إنتاج السنة الحالية","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"q 0 ∑ = Total of the base year production","translation":"q 0 ∑ = إجمالي إنتاج سنة الأساس","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Generally, base year values are taken as 100 and index number is calculated thereupon.","translation":"بشكل عام ، يتم أخذ قيم سنة الأساس على أنها 100 ويتم حساب الرقم القياسي بناءً على ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For example, Table 1.3 shows the production of iron ore in India and the changes in index number from 1970–71 to 2000–01 taking 1970–71 as the base year.","translation":"على سبيل المثال ، يوضح الجدول 1.3 إنتاج خام الحديد في الهند والتغيرات في الرقم القياسي من 1970-71 إلى 2000-01 مع اعتبار 1970-71 سنة الأساس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"economics","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The processing of raw data requires their tabulation and classification in selected classes.","translation":"تتطلب معالجة البيانات الأولية تبويبها وتصنيفها في فئات مختارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For example, the data given in Table 1.4 can be used to understand how they are processed.","translation":"على سبيل المثال ، يمكن استخدام البيانات الواردة في الجدول 1.4 لفهم كيفية معالجتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We can see that the given data are ungrouped.","translation":"يمكننا أن نرى أن البيانات المعطاة غير مجمعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Hence, the first step is to group data in order to reduce its volume and make it easy to understand.","translation":"وبالتالي ، فإن الخطوة الأولى هي تجميع البيانات من أجل تقليل حجمها وجعلها سهلة الفهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The grouping of the raw data requires determining of the number of classes in which the raw data are to be grouped and what will be the class intervals.","translation":"يتطلب تجميع البيانات الأولية تحديد عدد الفئات التي سيتم تجميع البيانات الأولية فيها وما هي الفواصل الزمنية للفئات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The selection of the class interval and the number of classes, however, depends upon the range of raw data.","translation":"ومع ذلك ، يعتمد اختيار الفاصل الزمني للفئة وعدد الفئات على نطاق البيانات الأولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The raw data given in Table 1.4 ranges from 02 to 96.","translation":"تتراوح البيانات الأولية الواردة في الجدول 1.4 من 02 إلى 96.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We can, therefore, conveniently choose to group the data into ten classes with an interval of ten units in each group, e.g. 0–10, 10–20, 20–30, etc.","translation":"لذلك ، يمكننا أن نختار بسهولة تجميع البيانات في عشر فئات بفاصل زمني قدره عشر وحدات في كل مجموعة ، على سبيل المثال 0-10 ، 10-20 ، 20-30 ، إلخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Once the number of groups and the class interval of each group are determined, the raw data are classified as shown in Table 1.5.","translation":"بمجرد تحديد عدد المجموعات والفاصل الزمني للفئة لكل مجموعة ، يتم تصنيف البيانات الأولية كما هو موضح في الجدول 1.5.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is done by a method popularly known as Four and Cross Method or tally marks.","translation":"يتم ذلك بطريقة تُعرف باسم طريقة الأربعة والتقاطع أو علامات العد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"First of all, one tally mark is assigned to each individual in the group in which it is falling.","translation":"بادئ ذي بدء ، يتم تعيين علامة عد واحدة لكل فرد في المجموعة التي يقع فيها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The important components of a Geographical Information System include hardware, software, data, people, and procedures.","translation":"تشمل المكونات الهامة لنظام المعلومات الجغرافية الأجهزة والبرامج والبيانات والأشخاص والإجراءات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hardware comprises the processing, storage, display, and input and output sub-systems.","translation":"تتكون الأجهزة من معالجة وتخزين وعرض وأنظمة فرعية للإدخال والإخراج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Software modules are essential for data entry, editing, maintenance, analysis, transformation, manipulation, data display, and output.","translation":"تعتبر وحدات البرامج ضرورية لإدخال البيانات وتحريرها وصيانتها وتحليلها وتحويلها ومعالجتها وعرض البيانات وإخراجها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Spatial data and related tabular data are the backbone of GIS.","translation":"البيانات المكانية والبيانات الجدولية ذات الصلة هي العمود الفقري لنظام المعلومات الجغرافية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A GIS integrates spatial data with other data resources and can even use a DBMS.","translation":"يقوم نظام المعلومات الجغرافية بدمج البيانات المكانية مع موارد البيانات الأخرى ويمكنه حتى استخدام نظام إدارة قواعد البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"GIS users range from hardware and software engineers to environmental scientists and policy-makers.","translation":"يتراوح مستخدمو نظام المعلومات الجغرافية من مهندسي الأجهزة والبرامج إلى علماء البيئة وصناع السياسات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Procedures include how the data will be retrieved, input into the system, stored, managed, transformed, analysed and presented.","translation":"تشمل الإجراءات كيفية استرجاع البيانات وإدخالها في النظام وتخزينها وإدارتها وتحويلها وتحليلها وتقديمها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Raster data represent a graphic feature as a pattern of grids of squares.","translation":"تمثل بيانات Raster ميزة رسومية كنمط من شبكات المربعات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Vector data represent the object as a set of lines drawn between specific points.","translation":"تمثل بيانات المتجهات الكائن كمجموعة من الخطوط المرسومة بين نقاط محددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The relationship between cell size and the number of cells is expressed as the resolution of the raster.","translation":"يتم التعبير عن العلاقة بين حجم الخلية وعدد الخلايا على أنها دقة Raster.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Raster file formats are often used for digital representations of aerial photographs and satellite images.","translation":"غالبًا ما تُستخدم تنسيقات ملفات Raster للتمثيلات الرقمية للصور الجوية وصور الأقمار الصناعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A vector representation records the position of a line by recording the coordinates of its starting and ending points.","translation":"يسجل تمثيل المتجه موضع الخط عن طريق تسجيل إحداثيات نقاط البداية والنهاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Vector data models use points stored by their real (earth) coordinates.","translation":"تستخدم نماذج بيانات المتجهات النقاط المخزنة بواسطة إحداثياتها الحقيقية (الأرض).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Manual digitising is the best way of vector data input.","translation":"الرقمنة اليدوية هي أفضل طريقة لإدخال بيانات المتجهات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The advantages and disadvantages of raster and vector data formats are explained.","translation":"يتم شرح مزايا وعيوب تنسيقات بيانات Raster والمتجهات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The following sequence of activities are involved in GIS-related work.","translation":"يتضمن العمل المتعلق بنظام المعلومات الجغرافية التسلسل التالي للأنشطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Spatial data input can be created from a variety of sources.","translation":"يمكن إنشاء إدخال البيانات المكانية من مجموعة متنوعة من المصادر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Digital data sets are readily available from data suppliers.","translation":"تتوفر مجموعات البيانات الرقمية بسهولة من موردي البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Serious attention must be paid to data compatibility when combining data from different sources.","translation":"يجب إيلاء اهتمام جاد لتوافق البيانات عند دمج البيانات من مصادر مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The manual input of data to a GIS involves several stages.","translation":"يتضمن الإدخال اليدوي للبيانات في نظام المعلومات الجغرافية عدة مراحل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"By adding each normal frequency of the successive interval groups, as given in column 3 of Table 2.4.","translation":"عن طريق إضافة كل تردد طبيعي لمجموعات الفترات المتتالية، كما هو موضح في العمود 3 من الجدول 2.4.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"(iii)Median number is obtained by N 2 i.e. 50 2 = 25 in this case, as shown in column 4 of Table 2.4.","translation":"(iii) يتم الحصول على الرقم الوسيط بواسطة N 2 أي 50 2 = 25 في هذه الحالة، كما هو موضح في العمود 4 من الجدول 2.4.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The value that occurs most frequently in a distribution is referred to as mode.","translation":"القيمة التي تحدث في أغلب الأحيان في التوزيع يشار إليها باسم المنوال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is symbolised as Z or M 0 .","translation":"يرمز له بالرمز Z أو M 0.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There can be more than one type mode in a given data set.","translation":"يمكن أن يكون هناك أكثر من نوع واحد من المنوال في مجموعة بيانات معينة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"While computing mode from the given data sets all measures are first arranged in ascending or descending order.","translation":"أثناء حساب المنوال من مجموعات البيانات المعطاة، يتم أولاً ترتيب جميع المقاييس بترتيب تصاعدي أو تنازلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The measure 61 occurring three times in the series is the mode in the given dataset.","translation":"المقياس 61 الذي يظهر ثلاث مرات في السلسلة هو المنوال في مجموعة البيانات المعطاة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The dataset, therefore, is bimodal in appearance.","translation":"لذلك، تبدو مجموعة البيانات ثنائية المنوال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The normal curve refers to a frequency distribution in which the graph of scores often called a bell-shaped curve.","translation":"يشير المنحنى الطبيعي إلى توزيع الترددات الذي يسمى فيه رسم درجات غالبًا بمنحنى على شكل جرس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The mean, median and mode are the same score (a score of 100 in Fig. 2.3 ) because a normal distribution is symmetrical.","translation":"المتوسط والوسيط والمنوال هي نفس الدرجة (درجة 100 في الشكل 2.3) لأن التوزيع الطبيعي متماثل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"If the data are skewed or distorted in some way, the mean, median and mode will not coincide and the effect of the skewed data needs to be considered.","translation":"إذا كانت البيانات منحرفة أو مشوهة بطريقة ما، فلن يتزامن المتوسط والوسيط والمنوال، ويجب النظر في تأثير البيانات المنحرفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Choose the correct answer from the four alternatives given below:","translation":"اختر الإجابة الصحيحة من بين البدائل الأربعة الموضحة أدناه:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Define the mean.","translation":"حدد المتوسط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Have you ever thought what would have happened if the same information would have been either in tabular form or in a descriptive transcript?","translation":"هل فكرت يومًا فيما كان سيحدث إذا كانت نفس المعلومات إما في شكل جدولي أو في نسخة وصفية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Hence, the graphs, diagrams and maps enhance our capabilities to make meaningful comparisons between the phenomena represented, save our time and present a simplified view of the characteristics represented.","translation":"وبالتالي، تعمل الرسوم البيانية والمخططات والخرائط على تعزيز قدراتنا على إجراء مقارنات ذات مغزى بين الظواهر الممثلة، وتوفير وقتنا وتقديم عرض مبسط للخصائص الممثلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The transformation of data through visual methods like graphs, diagrams, maps and charts is called representation of data.","translation":"يُطلق على تحويل البيانات من خلال الأساليب المرئية مثل الرسوم البيانية والمخططات والخرائط والرسوم البيانية تمثيل البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These characteristics of the data need to be suitably represented by an appropriate graphical method.","translation":"يجب تمثيل هذه الخصائص للبيانات بشكل مناسب من خلال طريقة رسومية مناسبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The scale is used as measure of the data for representation over diagrams and maps.","translation":"يُستخدم المقياس كمقياس للبيانات للتمثيل على المخططات والخرائط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The title of the diagram/map indicates the name of the area, reference year of the data used and the caption of the diagram.","translation":"يشير عنوان المخطط/الخريطة إلى اسم المنطقة، والسنة المرجعية للبيانات المستخدمة، وتسمية توضيحية للمخطط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The maps, being a representation of the part of the earth’s surface, need be oriented to the directions.","translation":"الخرائط، كونها تمثيلاً لجزء من سطح الأرض، يجب أن تكون موجهة إلى الاتجاهات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The spatial data are characterised by the following forms of appearance: (a) Positional (b) Linear (c) Areal (d) All the above forms.","translation":"تتميز البيانات المكانية بالأشكال التالية للمظهر: (أ) موضعي (ب) خطي (ج) مساحي (د) جميع الأشكال المذكورة أعلاه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Which one of the following operations requires analysis module software?","translation":"أي من العمليات التالية تتطلب برنامج وحدة التحليل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Which one of the following is disadvantage of Raster data format?","translation":"ما هي عيوب تنسيق بيانات Raster؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Which one of the following is an advantage of Vector data format?","translation":"ما هي ميزة تنسيق بيانات Vector؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Urban change detection is effectively undertaken in GIS core using: (a) Overlay operations (b) Proximity analysis (c) Network analysis (d) Buffering","translation":"يتم إجراء الكشف عن التغيرات الحضرية بشكل فعال في جوهر نظام المعلومات الجغرافية باستخدام: (أ) عمليات التراكب (ب) تحليل القرب (ج) تحليل الشبكة (د) التخزين المؤقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Differentiate between raster and vector data models.","translation":"فرق بين نماذج بيانات raster و vector.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What is an overlay analysis?","translation":"ما هو تحليل التراكب؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What are the advantages of GIS over manual methods?","translation":"ما هي مزايا نظام المعلومات الجغرافية على الطرق اليدوية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What are important components of GIS?","translation":"ما هي المكونات الهامة لنظام المعلومات الجغرافية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What are different ways in which spatial data is built in GIS core?","translation":"ما هي الطرق المختلفة التي يتم بها بناء البيانات المكانية في جوهر نظام المعلومات الجغرافية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What is Spatial Information Technology?","translation":"ما هي تكنولوجيا المعلومات المكانية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Discuss raster and vector data formats. Give example.","translation":"ناقش تنسيقات بيانات raster و vector. أعط مثالاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Write an explanatory account of the sequence of activities involved in GIS related work.","translation":"اكتب وصفًا تفسيريًا لسلسلة الأنشطة المتضمنة في العمل المتعلق بنظام المعلومات الجغرافية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Bar Graph: A series of columns or bars drawn proportional in length to the quantities they represent.","translation":"الرسم البياني: سلسلة من الأعمدة أو الأشرطة المرسومة بطول يتناسب مع الكميات التي تمثلها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Central Tendency: The tendency of quantitative data to cluster around some value.","translation":"النزعة المركزية: ميل البيانات الكمية إلى التجمع حول قيمة ما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Choropleth Maps: Maps drawn on quantitative areal basis, calculated as average values per unit of area within specific administrative units.","translation":"خرائط Choropleth: خرائط مرسومة على أساس مساحي كمي، محسوبة كمتوسط ​​قيم لكل وحدة مساحة داخل وحدات إدارية محددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Class Intervals: The difference between the lower and upper limits of any class of a frequency distribution is known as its class interval.","translation":"فترات الفئات: الفرق بين الحدود الدنيا والعليا لأي فئة من توزيع الترددات يُعرف باسم فاصل الفئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Correlation Co-efficient: A measure of the degree and direction of relationship between two variables.","translation":"معامل الارتباط: مقياس لدرجة واتجاه العلاقة بين متغيرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cumulative Frequency: The measurement of distribution of values in the different class intervals expressed as a percentage of the total frequencies either above or below specified value.","translation":"التردد التراكمي: قياس توزيع القيم في فترات الفئات المختلفة معبراً عنها كنسبة مئوية من إجمالي الترددات إما فوق أو أقل من القيمة المحددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Dispersion: The degree of internal variations in the different values of a variable.","translation":"الانتشار: درجة الاختلافات الداخلية في القيم المختلفة لمتغير ما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/Health and Physical Education- IX_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,340 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Many children who eat junk food all the time become obese.","translation":"العديد من الأطفال الذين يتناولون الوجبات السريعة طوال الوقت يصبحون يعانون من السمنة المفرطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In fact, growth and development of a human being is a result of a combination of heredity and environment.","translation":"في الواقع، فإن نمو وتطور الإنسان هو نتيجة لمزيج من الوراثة والبيئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You may collect pictures from old magazines or newspapers and paste them on a sheet of paper.","translation":"يمكنك جمع الصور من المجلات أو الصحف القديمة ولصقها على ورقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mention physical, emotional as well as psychological changes which you experienced.","translation":"اذكر التغيرات الجسدية والعاطفية والنفسية التي مررت بها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Prepare a write-up on those changes particularly focusing on whether the changes that made you feel surprised or stressed.","translation":"أعد كتابة عن تلك التغييرات مع التركيز بشكل خاص على ما إذا كانت التغييرات قد جعلتك تشعر بالدهشة أو التوتر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Parents contribute genes to their biological offspring, so the children tend to resemble their parents.","translation":"يساهم الآباء بالجينات في نسلهم البيولوجي، لذا يميل الأطفال إلى التشابه مع والديهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Individual genes, however, are not solely responsible for growth, nor do they directly cause growth.","translation":"ومع ذلك، فإن الجينات الفردية ليست مسؤولة وحدها عن النمو، ولا تسبب النمو بشكل مباشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Several genes jointly control growth.","translation":"تتحكم عدة جينات في النمو بشكل مشترك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The hormonal and nervous systems also have an important role to play.","translation":"كما أن للجهازين الهرموني والعصبي دورًا مهمًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hormones from endocrine glands provide the requisite environment for gene action throughout life.","translation":"توفر الهرمونات من الغدد الصماء البيئة اللازمة لعمل الجينات طوال الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Because of inheritance, children of tall parents are likely to be tall and children of short parents tend to be short.","translation":"بسبب الوراثة، من المرجح أن يكون أطفال الآباء طوال القامة طوال القامة، ويميل أطفال الآباء قصار القامة إلى أن يكونوا قصار القامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One needs to understand the role of heredity in the context of development of body physique.","translation":"يحتاج المرء إلى فهم دور الوراثة في سياق تطور اللياقة البدنية للجسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Growth and development are also influenced by environmental factors.","translation":"كما يتأثر النمو والتطور بالعوامل البيئية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The role of nutrition, child rearing practices and the psycho-social environment provided by the family is very critical.","translation":"دور التغذية وممارسات تربية الأطفال والبيئة النفسية والاجتماعية التي توفرها الأسرة أمر بالغ الأهمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A nutritious diet favours growth.","translation":"النظام الغذائي الغني بالمغذيات يفضل النمو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Growth requires multiplication of cells or enlargement of cells, which depends on an adequate supply of nutrients.","translation":"يتطلب النمو تكاثر الخلايا أو تضخم الخلايا، والذي يعتمد على إمداد كافٍ من العناصر الغذائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In fact, at every stage, the body needs a basic level of nutrients for its sustenance.","translation":"في الواقع، في كل م��حلة، يحتاج الجسم إلى مستوى أساسي من العناصر الغذائية للحفاظ عليه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nutrition is, therefore, the most important external factor for growth.","translation":"لذلك، فإن التغذية هي أهم عامل خارجي للنمو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Deficiency of iodine in food causes retardation of mental and physical growth.","translation":"نقص اليود في الغذاء يسبب تباطؤ النمو العقلي والجسدي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Can you now explain the importance of consuming iodised salt?","translation":"هل يمكنك الآن شرح أهمية استهلاك الملح المعالج باليود؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.","translation":"الصحة هي حالة من الرفاهية البدنية والعقلية والاجتماعية الكاملة، وليست مجرد غياب المرض أو الضعف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook emphasizes the importance of exercise, games, and sports for overall development.","translation":"يؤكد الكتاب المدرسي على أهمية التمارين والألعاب والرياضة من أجل التنمية الشاملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Communicable diseases are spread through various modes of transmission, including direct contact and droplet infection.","translation":"تنتشر الأمراض المعدية من خلال طرق مختلفة للانتقال، بما في ذلك الاتصال المباشر والعدوى عن طريق الرذاذ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Personal hygiene, including regular bathing and handwashing, is crucial in preventing the spread of infections.","translation":"النظافة الشخصية، بما في ذلك الاستحمام المنتظم وغسل اليدين، أمر بالغ الأهمية في منع انتشار العدوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Vaccines boost immunity and help the body fight diseases effectively.","translation":"تعزز اللقاحات المناعة وتساعد الجسم على مكافحة الأمراض بشكل فعال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Non-communicable diseases can arise from genetic factors and unhealthy lifestyles.","translation":"يمكن أن تنشأ الأمراض غير المعدية من العوامل الوراثية وأنماط الحياة غير الصحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"High blood pressure is often linked to excessive salt intake and a sedentary lifestyle.","translation":"غالبًا ما يرتبط ارتفاع ضغط الدم بالإفراط في تناول الملح ونمط الحياة المستقر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Diabetes mellitus is caused by inadequate insulin secretion from the pancreas.","translation":"يحدث مرض السكري بسبب عدم كفاية إفراز الأنسولين من البنكرياس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book provides information on diet for healthy living.","translation":"يقدم الكتاب معلومات عن النظام الغذائي من أجل حياة صحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Experiential learning activities are integrated into the book to promote healthy living skills.","translation":"تم دمج أنشطة التعلم التجريبي في الكتاب لتعزيز مهارات الحياة الصحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) develops textbooks on Health and Physical Education.","translation":"يقوم المجلس الوطني للبحوث والتدريب التربوي (NCERT) بتطوير الكتب المدرسية حول الصحة والتربية البدنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Students are encouraged to undertake activities, play games, and practice yoga for healthy living.","translation":"يتم تشجيع الطلاب على القيام بالأنشطة وممارسة الألعاب وممارسة اليوجا من أجل حياة صحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book includes case studies related to the age and concerns of students.","translation":"يتضمن الكتاب دراسات حالة تتعلق بعمر واهتمامات الطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Proper waste management is essential for maintaining a healthy environment.","translation":"الإدارة السليمة للنفايات ضرورية للحفاظ على بيئة صحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"First aid and safety measures are covered in the textbook.","translation":"يتم تناول الإسعافات الأولية وتدابير السلامة في الكتاب المدرسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Social health and adolescent-friendly health services are also discussed.","translation":"كما تمت مناقشة الصحة الاجتماعية وخدمات الصحة الصديقة للمراهقين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book emphasizes the importance of a balanced diet for overall well-being.","translation":"يؤكد الكتاب على أهمية اتباع نظام غذائي متوازن لتحقيق الرفاهية العامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Regular physical activity is crucial for maintaining physical fitness.","translation":"النشاط البدني المنتظم أمر بالغ الأهمية للحفاظ على اللياقة البدنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The textbook aims to provide a holistic understanding of health.","translation":"يهدف الكتاب المدرسي إلى توفير فهم شامل للصحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book is designed to be used by both teachers and students.","translation":"تم تصميم الكتاب ليستخدمه كل من المعلمين والطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Diabetes is manifested as high blood sugar.","translation":"يتجلى مرض السكري بارتفاع نسبة السكر في الدم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If untreated, it leads to complications in kidneys, eyes and other organs systems in the body.","translation":"إذا لم يتم علاجه، فإنه يؤدي إلى مضاعفات في الكلى والعينين وأنظمة الأعضاء الأخرى في الجسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Diabetes can be managed primarily by bringing about changes in lifestyle and physical exercises and medication.","translation":"يمكن إدارة مرض السكري في المقام الأول عن طريق إحداث تغييرات في نمط الحياة والتمارين البدنية والأدوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Genetic disorders such as hemophilia, thallasemia, muscular dystrophy are hereditary diseases which run through generations in a family.","translation":"الاضطرابات الوراثية مثل الهيموفيليا والثلاسيميا والحثل العضلي هي أمراض وراثية تنتقل عبر الأجيال في العائلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Constant care and support may help the concerned individual manage these disorders.","translation":"قد تساعد الرعاية والدعم المستمران الفرد المعني على إدارة هذه الاضطرابات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In India, non–communicable diseases cause major health problems.","translation":"في الهند، تسبب الأمراض غير المعدية مشاكل صحية كبيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These diseases cause disability, loss of income, disruptions in family environment and poor quality of life in the most productive years.","translation":"تسبب هذه الأمراض الإعاقة وفقدان الدخل والاضطرابات في البيئة الأسرية وضعف نوعية الحياة في سنوات الإنتاجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We are going to have the highest incidence of diabetes in the world by 2020.","translation":"سنشهد أعلى معدل للإصابة بمرض السكري في العالم بحلول عام 2020.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You may have heard about young people having heart attacks and requiring bypass surgery.","translation":"ربما سمعت عن شباب يعانون من النوبات القلبية ويحتاجون إلى جراحة مجازة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We need medical help for treatment.","translation":"نحن بحاجة إلى مساعدة طبية للعلاج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"However, efforts should be made to prevent them.","translation":"ومع ذلك، يجب بذل جهود لمنعها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We can prevent these, if we adopt a healthy lifestyle right from childhood and continue it throughout life.","translation":"يمكننا منع هذه الأمراض إذا اتبعنا نمط حياة صحي منذ الطفولة واستمررنا فيه طوال الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Eating a balanced diet helps in the prevention of obesity and other lifestyle diseases.","translation":"يساعد تناول نظام غذائي متوازن في الوقاية من السمنة وأمراض نمط الحياة الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The balanced diet includes fruits and vegetables, preferably locally available and seasonal, wholegrain products (including pulses), milk and milk products.","translation":"يشمل النظام الغذائي المتوازن الفواكه والخضروات، ويفضل أن تكون متوفرة محليًا وموسمية، ومنتجات الحبوب الكاملة (بما في ذلك البقوليات)، والحليب ومنتجات الألبان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"We all require daily 6–8 hours of sound sleep.","translation":"نحن جميعًا بحاجة إلى 6-8 ساعات من النوم الهادئ يوميًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Inadequate sleep leads to changes in blood pressure, increase in stress level and disturbance of what is called the biological clock.","translation":"يؤدي عدم كفاية النوم إلى تغيرات في ضغط الدم وزيادة مستوى التوتر وتعطيل ما يسمى بالساعة البيولوجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People who undertake physical exercise and yoga activites daily keep themselves physically fit, feel happy and do not put on excess weight.","translation":"الأشخاص الذين يمارسون التمارين الرياضية واليوجا يوميًا يحافظون على لياقتهم البدنية ويشعرون بالسعادة ولا يكتسبون وزنًا زائدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One must do 20–30 minutes of physical activity daily to keep fit.","translation":"يجب على المرء ممارسة نشاط بدني لمدة 20-30 دقيقة يوميًا للحفاظ على لياقته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If a person is not able to handle stress, he/she experiences anxiety and depression.","translation":"إذا لم يتمكن الشخص من التعامل مع التوتر، فإنه يعاني من القلق والاكتئاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Meditation, relaxation, exercises and other yoga actvities help reduce stress.","translation":"تساعد التأمل والاسترخاء والتمارين الرياضية وأنشطة اليوجا الأخرى على تقليل التوتر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sabina wants to make noise about the incident and seek support from others around to confront the man and warn him.","translation":"تريد سابينا إثارة ضجة حول الحادث وطلب الدعم من الآخرين من حولها لمواجهة الرجل وتحذيره.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She also wants to complain to the cinema manager and insist that they act to make the hall safe for women.","translation":"كما أنها تريد أن تشتكي لمدير السينما وتصر على أن يتصرفوا لجعل القاعة آمنة للنساء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"However, Monica is not sure of taking this stand.","translation":"ومع ذلك، فإن مونيكا غير متأكدة من اتخاذ هذا الموقف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She feels that perhaps they should not go to cinema halls on their own to see films and should be accompanied by their parents or brothers who could protect them.","translation":"تشعر أنه ربما لا ينبغي لهم الذهاب إلى قاعات السينما بمفردهم لمشاهدة الأفلام ويجب أن يرافقهم آباؤهم أو إخوتهم الذين يمكنهم حمايتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Reena is a 16 year old girl and she studies in Class X.","translation":"رينا فتاة تبلغ من العمر 16 عامًا وتدرس في الصف العاشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A boy Hemant in her class has been stalking her for some time now.","translation":"فتى يدعى هيمان في صفها يلاحقها منذ بعض الوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He has even proposed to her and she has refused his ‘proposal’.","translation":"حتى أنه تقدم لها ورفضت 'اقتراحه'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"However, the boy went on troubling her, saying that “ When a girl says no, she means yes”.","translation":"ومع ذلك، استمر الصبي في إزعاجها، قائلاً: \"عندما تقول الفتاة لا، فإنها تعني نعم\".","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Reena is very angry.","translation":"رينا غاضبة جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She wants to tell her teacher, but is scared the teacher may not understand.","translation":"تريد أن تخبر معلمتها، لكنها تخشى ألا تفهم المعلمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Give at least one difference between (a) Growth and development .............................................. (b) Development and maturation .......................................","translation":"أعطِ فرقًا واحدًا على الأقل بين (أ) النمو والتطور .............................................. (ب) التطور والنضج .......................................","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The teenager should take nutritious diet, because............","translation":"يجب على المراهق أن يتناول نظامًا غذائيًا مغذيًا، لأنه............","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Arun is worried because he is not as tall as others in his class.","translation":"أرون قلق لأنه ليس طويل القامة مثل الآخرين في صفه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Prepare a worksheet writing the response in following things.","translation":"قم بإعداد ورقة عمل لكتابة الرد في الأشياء التالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why is psychological security necessary for a growing adolescent?","translation":"لماذا الأمن النفسي ضروري للمراهق النامي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“Communication between parent and the adolescent child is critical for his/her health.” Why?","translation":"“التواصل بين الوالدين والمراهق أمر بالغ الأهمية لصحة الطفل.” لماذا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Give at least two reasons of substance abuse by adolescents.","translation":"أعطِ سببين على الأقل لتعاطي المراهقين للمخدرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why is it necessary to discard the myth that ‘women are the weaker sex’?","translation":"لماذا من الضروري التخلص من أسطورة أن 'المرأة هي الجنس الأضعف'؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In dealing with the following challenging situations whom should adolescents approach and why?","translation":"في التعامل مع المواقف الصعبة التالية، من يجب على المراهقين أن يتوجهوا إليهم ولماذا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Explain the difference between drug abuse and use with the help of examples.","translation":"اشرح الفرق بين تعاطي المخدرات واستخدامها بمساعدة الأمثلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Being physically fit is important for all age groups.","translation":"اللياقة البدنية مهمة لجميع الفئات العمرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Physical fitness is essential for each and every individual at all stages of life.","translation":"اللياقة البدنية ضرورية لكل فرد في جميع مراحل الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Before adopting such methods, warming up before activities and cooling down after activities are essential to minimise any risk of injuries of an every individual.","translation":"قبل اعتماد هذه الأساليب، يعتبر الإحماء قبل الأنشطة والتهدئة بعدها ضروريين لتقليل أي خطر للإصابات لكل فرد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Cardio-respiratory endurance reflects the ability of the body’s circulatory and respiratory systems to supply fuel during sustained physical activity.","translation":"تعكس القدرة على التحمل القلبي التنفسي قدرة الجهازين الدوري والتنفسي في الجسم على توفير الوقود أثناء ال��شاط البدني المستمر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Muscular Strength is the amount of force applied on muscle or muscle groups, is able to exert for one maximal effort (contraction).","translation":"قوة العضلات هي مقدار القوة المطبقة على العضلات أو مجموعات العضلات، وهي قادرة على بذلها لجهد واحد أقصى (انقباض).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If you want to gain muscle strength, try excercises such as lifting weights (under proper supervision).","translation":"إذا كنت ترغب في اكتساب قوة العضلات، فحاول ممارسة تمارين مثل رفع الأثقال (تحت إشراف مناسب).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Body Composition refers to the proportion of team body mass to body fat, it includes amount of muscle, fat, bone, and other vital parts of the body.","translation":"يشير تكوين الجسم إلى نسبة كتلة الجسم إلى الدهون في الجسم، ويشمل كمية العضلات والدهون والعظام والأجزاء الحيوية الأخرى من الجسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Good flexibility in the joints can help prevent injuries through all stages of life.","translation":"يمكن أن تساعد المرونة الجيدة في المفاصل على منع الإصابات في جميع مراحل الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Agility is the ability to change and control the direction and position of the body while maintaining a constant, rapid motion.","translation":"الرشاقة هي القدرة على تغيير والتحكم في اتجاه وموضع الجسم مع الحفاظ على حركة ثابتة وسريعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For example changing directions to hit a tennis ball.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، تغيير الاتجاهات لضرب كرة التنس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Speed is the ability to move your body or parts of your body swiftly.","translation":"السرعة هي القدرة على تحريك جسمك أو أجزاء من جسمك بسرعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Many sports rely on speed to gain advantage over opponents.","translation":"تعتمد العديد من الرياضات على السرعة لاكتساب ميزة على المنافسين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Power is the ability to move the body parts swiftly while applying the maximum force of the muscles.","translation":"القوة هي القدرة على تحريك أجزاء الجسم بسرعة مع تطبيق أقصى قوة للعضلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Reaction Time is the ability to reach or respond quickly to what you hear, see or feel.","translation":"زمن رد الفعل هو القدرة على الوصول أو الاستجابة بسرعة لما تسمعه أو تراه أو تشعر به.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Aerobic Exercise: any physical activity that requires increased oxygen is an Aerobic exercise.","translation":"التمارين الهوائية: أي نشاط بدني يتطلب زيادة الأكسجين هو تمرين هوائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Aerobic fitness is the capacity of an individual to sustain exercise for a prolonged period of time, for example jogging for more than 15 minutes, cycling and calisthenics etc.","translation":"اللياقة الهوائية هي قدرة الفرد على الحفاظ على التمرين لفترة طويلة من الزمن، على سبيل المثال، الركض لأكثر من 15 دقيقة، وركوب الدراجات والتمارين الرياضية وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Anaerobic exercise is a high intensity activity for a short period of time.","translation":"التمارين اللاهوائية هي نشاط عالي الكثافة لفترة قصيرة من الزمن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Warming up is usually performed before participating in any games and sports and physical activities.","translation":"عادة ما يتم الإحماء قبل المشاركة في أي ألعاب ورياضات وأنشطة بدنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cooling down should ideally consist of: five to ten minute walk or light jog as it cools down the body temperature and relaxes the muscles.","translation":"يجب أن تتكون التهدئة بشكل مثالي من: المشي لمدة خمس إلى عشر دقائق أو الهرولة الخفيفة لأنها تبرد درجة حرارة الجسم وتريح العضلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The more rigorous the workout or game, the more rigorous should be the warm up and cool down.","translation":"كلما كان التمرين أو اللعبة أكثر صرامة، يجب أن يكون الإحماء والتهدئة أكثر صرامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The player was shown a red card for a serious foul.","translation":"تم إشهار البطاقة الحمراء للاعب بسبب خطأ جسيم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Dribbling is a fundamental skill in football.","translation":"المراوغة مهارة أساسية في كرة القدم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The hockey stick should pass through a two-inch ring.","translation":"يجب أن يمر عصا الهوكي عبر حلقة قطرها بوصتان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India won five consecutive Olympic Games in hockey.","translation":"فازت الهند بخمس ألعاب أولمبية متتالية في الهوكي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A goalkeeper must wear protective equipment.","translation":"يجب على حارس المرمى ارتداء معدات واقية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The goal post is 2.14 meters in height.","translation":"ارتفاع قائم المرمى 2.14 متر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A match is played between two teams of 11 players each.","translation":"تُلعب المباراة بين فريقين يتكون كل منهما من 11 لاعبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The duration of the game is two halves of 35 minutes each.","translation":"مدة اللعبة شوطان مدة كل منهما 35 دقيقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A foul is called when a player obstructs an opponent.","translation":"يتم احتساب خطأ عندما يعيق اللاعب منافسه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The attacking team is awarded a penalty corner.","translation":"يُمنح الفريق المهاجم ركلة جزاء ركنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The raider must continuously chant 'Kabaddi'.","translation":"يجب على المهاجم أن يهتف باستمرار 'الكابادي'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The first Kabaddi rules were prepared in Maharashtra.","translation":"أُعدت قواعد الكابادي الأولى في ولاية ماهاراشترا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The modern Kabaddi game was played all over India.","translation":"لُعبت لعبة الكابادي الحديثة في جميع أنحاء الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The raider uses feints to confuse the defender.","translation":"يستخدم المهاجم الحركات الخادعة لإرباك المدافع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Kho-Kho playground is rectangular in shape.","translation":"ملعب خو-خو مستطيل الشكل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The chaser gives 'kho' by touching his teammate.","translation":"يعطي المطارد 'خو' عن طريق لمس زميله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Volleyball was invented as a recreational game.","translation":"تم اختراع الكرة الطائرة كلعبة ترفيهية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Volleyball was introduced in the 1964 Tokyo Olympics.","translation":"تم تقديم الكرة الطائرة في أولمبياد طوكيو 1964.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The ball is spherical and made of leather.","translation":"الكرة كروية ومصنوعة من الجلد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The attack line marks the front zone.","translation":"يحدد خط الهجوم المنطقة الأمامية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Kuzushi involves breaking the balance of the defender to apply a Judo technique.","translation":"يتضمن كوزوشي كسر توازن المدافع لتطبيق تقنية الجودو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Swimming is a sport where a person moves through water using arms and legs.","translation":"السباحة رياضة يتحرك ف��ها الشخص عبر الماء باستخدام الذراعين والساقين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The standard swimming pool is 50m long, 25m wide, and 1.80m deep.","translation":"أبعاد حوض السباحة القياسي هي: 50 مترًا طولاً، و25 مترًا عرضًا، و1.80 مترًا عمقًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Swimming costumes are made of nylon or lycra.","translation":"تصنع ملابس السباحة من النايلون أو الليكرا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There are four recognized strokes: freestyle, backstroke, breaststroke, and butterfly.","translation":"هناك أربع ضربات معترف بها: السباحة الحرة، والسباحة على الظهر، والسباحة على الصدر، والفراشة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In freestyle, the swimmer can swim in any manner.","translation":"في السباحة الحرة، يمكن للسباح أن يسبح بأي طريقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The swimmer lies flat on their stomach with arms stretched out in front.","translation":"يستلقي السباح على بطنه بشكل مسطح مع تمديد الذراعين أمامه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Breathing in backstroke is easy because the face is usually out of the water.","translation":"التنفس في السباحة على الظهر سهل لأن الوجه عادة ما يكون خارج الماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The breaststroke involves simultaneous horizontal movements of the arms.","translation":"تتضمن السباحة على الصدر حركات أفقية متزامنة للذراعين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In butterfly stroke, both legs must move together.","translation":"في ضربة الفراشة، يجب أن تتحرك كلتا الساقين معًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Always take a bath before and after swimming.","translation":"استحم دائمًا قبل وبعد السباحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) was founded in 1926.","translation":"تأسس الاتحاد الدولي لتنس الطاولة (ITTF) في عام 1926.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Table tennis has been an Olympic sport since 1988.","translation":"تنس الطاولة رياضة أولمبية منذ عام 1988.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The table's playing surface is rectangular, 274 cm long and 152.5 cm wide.","translation":"سطح اللعب للطاولة مستطيل، طوله 274 سم وعرضه 152.5 سم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The net assembly consists of upright posts and a net.","translation":"تتكون مجموعة الشبكة من أعمدة قائمة وشبكة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The ball is spherical, orange or white, and 40 mm in diameter.","translation":"الكرة كروية، برتقالية أو بيضاء، وقطرها 40 ملم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The bat, also known as a paddle or racket, has a flat blade.","translation":"المضرب، المعروف أيضًا باسم المجداف أو المضرب، له شفرة مسطحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Wrestling has Freestyle and Greco-Roman styles.","translation":"المصارعة لها أسلوبان: حرة ورومانية يونانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In Greco-Roman, wrestlers cannot attack the legs.","translation":"في الرومانية اليونانية، لا يمكن للمصارعين مهاجمة الساقين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Wrestling is an indoor sport played on a mat.","translation":"المصارعة رياضة داخلية تمارس على بساط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Too little or too much training needs to be avoided.","translation":"يجب تجنب التدريب القليل جدًا أو الكثير جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Load is defined as the amount of work done by an individual’s body.","translation":"يُعرَّف الحمل بأنه مقدار العمل الذي يقوم به جسم الفرد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Sports training consists of physical exercises.","translation":"يتكون التدريب الرياضي من ��مارين بدنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Indicate whether all the principles of training are followed.","translation":"أشر إلى ما إذا كانت جميع مبادئ التدريب متبعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Whenever this load goes beyond the capacity of an individual, the physiological and psychological functions get disturbed.","translation":"عندما يتجاوز هذا الحمل قدرة الفرد، تتعطل الوظائف الفسيولوجية والنفسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The important signs and symptoms of over load are: (i) fatigue, (ii) decline in performance, (iii) loss of interest in sports.","translation":"العلامات والأعراض الهامة للحمل الزائد هي: (1) التعب، (2) انخفاض الأداء، (3) فقدان الاهتمام بالرياضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Adaptation is defined as the adjustment of physical and psychological functional systems to the training load.","translation":"يُعرَّف التكيف بأنه تعديل الأنظمة الوظيفية الجسدية والنفسية لحمل التدريب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If a sports person is exposed to new and unfamiliar load in a systematic planned way the adaptation process will be faster.","translation":"إذا تعرض الشخص الرياضي لحمل جديد وغير مألوف بطريقة مخططة ومنهجية، فستكون عملية التكيف أسرع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"What is the meaning of sports training?","translation":"ما معنى التدريب الرياضي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Why is it essential to train a sports person systematically?","translation":"لماذا من الضروري تدريب الشخص الرياضي بشكل منهجي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Games and sports in some form or the other have been a part of human life either for survival or for pleasure.","translation":"كانت الألعاب والرياضة، بشكل أو بآخر، جزءًا من حياة الإنسان، سواء من أجل البقاء أو من أجل المتعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each sport has its specific skills which need to be developed for playing correctly.","translation":"لكل رياضة مهاراتها المحددة التي يجب تطويرها للعب بشكل صحيح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Badminton is a game which is played by men, women (Singles/Doubles) and both men and women ( Mixed Doubles) together.","translation":"تعتبر كرة الريشة لعبة يلعبها الرجال والنساء (فردي / زوجي) وكلا من الرجال والنساء (زوجي مختلط) معًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The first set of rules were formulated in Pune, in India in 1901.","translation":"تمت صياغة المجموعة الأولى من القواعد في بيون، بالهند في عام 1901.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"For playing badminton, a racket, net and shuttle cock are required.","translation":"للعب كرة الريشة، يلزم وجود مضرب وشبكة وريشة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The game begins with a toss and winner of the toss has the choice either to serve or to receive to serve or opt any side of the court to start the game.","translation":"تبدأ اللعبة برمي القرعة والفائز بالقرعة لديه الخيار إما للإرسال أو الاستقبال أو اختيار أي جانب من الملعب لبدء اللعبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A standard game consists of 21 points with a two point difference.","translation":"تتكون اللعبة القياسية من 21 نقطة مع فارق نقطتين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The server and receiver stand in diagonally opposite service courts and the shuttle must be hit below the waist.","translation":"يقف المرسل والمستقبل في ملاعب الخدمة المتقابلة قطريًا ويجب ضرب الريشة أسفل الخصر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The grip is very important for a player.","translation":"القبضة مهمة جدًا للاعب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The word gymnastics has been derived from the Greek word ‘Gymnos’ meaning “naked art”.","translation":"اشتق اسم الجمباز من الكلمة اليونانية 'Gymnos' والت�� تعني ","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The basketball court dimensions are 28 x 15 meters.","translation":"أبعاد ملعب كرة السلة هي 28 × 15 مترًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Basketball is a fast-paced team game.","translation":"كرة السلة لعبة جماعية سريعة الوتيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The game of basketball was originated at the Springfield College of Physical Education Massachusetts, USA in 1891 by Dr James Naismith.","translation":"نشأت لعبة كرة السلة في كلية سبرينغفيلد للتربية البدنية في ماساتشوستس، الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية في عام 1891 على يد الدكتور جيمس نايسميث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Players wear high top sneakers that provide extra ankle support.","translation":"يرتدي اللاعبون أحذية رياضية عالية توفر دعمًا إضافيًا للكاحل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"An attempt to unfairly disadvantage an opponent through physical contact is illegal and is called a foul.","translation":"محاولة إلحاق ضرر غير عادل بالخصم من خلال الاتصال الجسدي غير قانونية وتسمى خطأ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"To play basketball, one needs to learn fundamental skills like dribbling and passing.","translation":"للعب كرة السلة، يحتاج المرء إلى تعلم المهارات الأساسية مثل المراوغة والتمرير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The cricket pitch is at the centre of the field.","translation":"ملعب الكريكيت يقع في وسط الملعب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A cricket match is played between two teams of eleven players each.","translation":"تُلعب مباراة الكريكيت بين فريقين يتكون كل منهما من أحد عشر لاعبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The bowler bowls the ball in sets of six deliveries, called an over.","translation":"يقوم الرامي بتمرير الكرة في مجموعات من ست تسليمات، تسمى شوط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The weight of the cricket ball must not be less than 155.9 gms and not more than 163 gms.","translation":"يجب ألا يقل وزن كرة الكريكيت عن 155.9 جرامًا ولا يزيد عن 163 جرامًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The first recorded football game took place between the ‘Calcutta Club of Civilians’ and the ‘Gentlemen of Barrackpore’ in 1854.","translation":"أقيمت أول مباراة كرة قدم مسجلة بين 'نادي كلكتا للمدنيين' و 'سادة باراكبور' في عام 1854.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Football was played in many countries in some form or the other.","translation":"لُعبت كرة القدم في العديد من البلدان بشكل أو بآخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The duration of a football match is 90 minutes, divided into two halves.","translation":"مدة مباراة كرة القدم 90 دقيقة، مقسمة إلى شوطين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A goal is scored when the ball fully crosses over the goal line.","translation":"يتم تسجيل الهدف عندما تعبر الكرة بالكامل خط المرمى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The ball is made of leather, spherical in shape and the circumference of the ball is 68 to 70 cm.","translation":"الكرة مصنوعة من الجلد، وشكلها كروي، ومحيطها من 68 إلى 70 سم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A penalty kick is given against a team that commits one of the ten offences.","translation":"تُمنح ركلة جزاء ضد الفريق الذي يرتكب إحدى المخالفات العشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The team with the ball, attempting to score is called ‘on offense’.","translation":"الفريق الذي يمتلك الكرة ويحاول التسجيل يسمى 'في الهجوم'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The game is monitored by the officials consisting of the referee, one or two umpires and five table officials.","translation":"تتم مراقبة اللعبة من قبل المسؤولين المكونين من الحكم، وحكم أو حكمين، وخمسة مسؤولين على الطاولة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The first National Basketball event was held in Delhi in 1934.","translation":"أقيم أول حدث وطني لكرة السلة في دلهي عام 1934.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Indian Cricket Control Board came into being towards the end of 1928.","translation":"تشكل مجلس مراقبة الكريكيت الهندي في أواخر عام 1928.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A team scores a point by successfully grounding the ball on the opponent’s court.","translation":"يسجل الفريق نقطة عن طريق إنزال الكرة بنجاح في ملعب الخصم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If the serving team wins a rally, it scores a point and continues to serve.","translation":"إذا فاز الفريق الذي يخدم في التجمع، فإنه يسجل نقطة ويستمر في الإرسال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A set (except the deciding fifth set) is won by the team which first scores 25 points with a minimum lead of two points.","translation":"يفوز الفريق الذي يسجل 25 نقطة أولاً بمجموعة (باستثناء المجموعة الخامسة الحاسمة) مع تقدم لا يقل عن نقطتين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The team that wins three sets wins the match.","translation":"الفريق الذي يفوز بثلاث مجموعات يفوز بالمباراة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Rotation order is determined by the team’s starting line-up and controlled with the service order.","translation":"يتم تحديد ترتيب التناوب من خلال تشكيلة الفريق الأساسية ويتم التحكم فيه بترتيب الإرسال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A rotational fault is committed when the service is not made according to the rotation order.","translation":"يتم ارتكاب خطأ تناوبي عندما لا يتم الإرسال وفقًا لترتيب التناوب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The ball is held in the left hand (for right hander), body facing the court, left leg is kept a little ahead of the right.","translation":"تمسك الكرة باليد اليسرى (للاعب الأيمن)، والجسد متجهًا نحو الملعب، والساق اليسرى متقدمة قليلاً على اليمنى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Toss the ball with the left hand and hit the ball with the right hand using the palm which is facing upwards.","translation":"ارمي الكرة باليد اليسرى واضرب الكرة باليد اليمنى باستخدام راحة اليد المتجهة لأعلى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The hitting hand and the right leg also should follow the direction of the ball.","translation":"يجب أن تتبع اليد الضاربة والساق اليمنى أيضًا اتجاه الكرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The player bends downwards from his knees, hands inter-locked, Both arms are kept straight without bending the elbows and one foot is slightly ahead of the other.","translation":"ينحني اللاعب إلى الأسفل من ركبتيه، متشابكة الأيدي، وتبقي الذراعين مستقيمتين دون ثني المرفقين، وتكون إحدى القدمين متقدمة قليلاً على الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"When the ball comes close to the player the movement starts from the legs (knee extension) to the arms which are fully stretched with the help of the shoulder joints.","translation":"عندما تقترب الكرة من اللاعب، تبدأ الحركة من الساقين (تمديد الركبة) إلى الذراعين الممدودتين بالكامل بمساعدة مفاصل الكتف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The hands follow the direction of the ball and the player comes on his/her toes.","translation":"تتبع اليدين اتجاه الكرة ويصعد اللاعب على أطراف أصابعه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In this the player takes a step forward with left foot and both the hands swinging backwards.","translation":"في هذا، يتقدم اللاعب بخطوة إلى الأمام بالقدم اليسرى وتتأرجح كلتا اليدين إلى الخلف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The player hit the ball on the top with full hand either left or right to ground on the opponent’s court with force, speed and accuracy.","translation":"يضرب اللاعب الكرة من الأعلى بكامل اليد سواء اليسرى أو اليمنى لتسقط على أرض ملعب الخصم بقوة وسرعة ودقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Land on both the feet by flexing your ankle, knees, hip, trunk etc.","translation":"اهبط على كلتا القدمين عن طريق ثني كاحلك وركبتيك ووركك وجذعك وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sports play a significant role in healthy social development and interaction.","translation":"تلعب الرياضة دورًا مهمًا في التنمية الاجتماعية الصحية والتفاعل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It helps people learn how to set and achieve goals through discipline and hard work.","translation":"إنها تساعد الناس على تعلم كيفية تحديد الأهداف وتحقيقها من خلال الانضباط والعمل الجاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sports is a human activity that contributes to the holistic development of individuals.","translation":"الرياضة نشاط بشري يساهم في التنمية الشاملة للأفراد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sports also engages us in a collective effort to pursue human excellence.","translation":"كما تشاركنا الرياضة في جهد جماعي لتحقيق التميز الإنساني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sports can enrich society and foster friendships between nations.","translation":"يمكن للرياضة أن تثري المجتمع وتعزز الصداقات بين الأمم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The coach should prioritize the health and safety of young athletes above all else.","translation":"يجب على المدرب أن يضع صحة وسلامة الرياضيين الشباب على رأس الأولويات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ethics in sports emphasize fair play and respect for rules.","translation":"تؤكد أخلاقيات الرياضة على اللعب النظيف واحترام القواعد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is important to teach children the value of sportsmanship.","translation":"من المهم تعليم الأطفال قيمة الروح الرياضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The athlete was disqualified for using prohibited substances.","translation":"تم استبعاد الرياضي لاستخدامه مواد محظورة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Yoga helps in the development of physical and mental well-being.","translation":"تساعد اليوجا في تطوير الرفاهية الجسدية والعقلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Surya Namaskara is a series of yoga poses that improve blood circulation.","translation":"سوريا ناماسكارا هي سلسلة من أوضاع اليوجا التي تحسن الدورة الدموية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Regular practice of yoga can enhance emotional stability.","translation":"يمكن للممارسة المنتظمة لليوغا أن تعزز الاستقرار العاطفي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The principles of Yama and Niyama guide ethical behavior.","translation":"توجه مبادئ ياما ونياما السلوك الأخلاقي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Intellectual development is enhanced through practices like meditation.","translation":"يتم تعزيز التطور الفكري من خلال ممارسات مثل التأمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Socialization is a key aspect of personality development.","translation":"التنشئة الاجتماعية هي جانب أساسي من جوانب تنمية الشخصية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The coach encouraged the team to play fairly and respect their opponents.","translation":"شجع المدرب الفريق على اللعب بنزاهة واحترام منافسيهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The athlete's actions demonstrated a lack of sportsmanship.","translation":"أظهرت تصرفات الرياضي افتقارًا إلى الروح الرياضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The rules of the game must be followed by all participants.","translation":"يجب على جميع المشاركين اتباع قواعد اللعبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The importance of ethics in sports cannot be overstated.","translation":"لا يمكن المبالغة في أهمية الأخلاق في الرياضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Yoga helps to manage stress and improve mental clarity.","translation":"تساعد اليوجا على إدارة التوتر وتحسين الصفاء الذهني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The practice of asanas can improve flexibility and strength.","translation":"يمكن لممارسة الأساناس أن تحسن المرونة والقوة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Meditation promotes inner peace and self-awareness.","translation":"يعزز التأمل السلام الداخلي والوعي الذاتي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The development of personality is a continuous process.","translation":"تنمية الشخصية عملية مستمرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ethical choices in sports build character and integrity.","translation":"الخيارات الأخلاقية في الرياضة تبني الشخصية والنزاهة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The coach emphasized the importance of teamwork and cooperation.","translation":"أكد المدرب على أهمية العمل الجماعي والتعاون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sports","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Let us perform Kukkutasana by following the steps given below:","translation":"دعونا نؤدي كوكوتاسانا باتباع الخطوات المذكورة أدناه:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sit in Padmasana. Keep your hand on side.","translation":"اجلس في وضعية بادماسانا. ضع يدك على الجانب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Now insert the arms between calves and thighs until the palms reach the floor.","translation":"الآن أدخل الذراعين بين الساقين والفخذين حتى تصل راحتي اليدين إلى الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Inhaling, lift the body up as high as possible in the air.","translation":"مع الشهيق، ارفع الجسم لأعلى قدر ممكن في الهواء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Support and balance the body on the hands.","translation":"ادعم الجسم ووازنه على اليدين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Keep the neck and head straight.","translation":"حافظ على استقامة الرقبة والرأس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Maintain the position with normal breath comfortably for 5-10 seconds.","translation":"حافظ على الوضع مع التنفس الطبيعي بشكل مريح لمدة 5-10 ثوانٍ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"To release the posture, exhaling lower the body and bring it to the floor.","translation":"لتحرير الوضعية، مع الزفير، اخفض الجسم وأنزله إلى الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Take the inserted arms out and sit in Padmasana.","translation":"أخرج الذراعين المدخلين واجلس في وضعية بادماسانا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Remember the following points: DosDon’ts • Keep the head straight and eyes on fixed in front.","translation":"تذكر النقاط التالية: ما يجب فعله وما لا يجب فعله • حافظ على استقامة الرأس والعينين مثبتتين للأمام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This posture helps to strengthen the shoulder, arms and elbows.","translation":"تساعد هذه الوضعية على تقوية الكتفين والذراعين والمرفقين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This posture also helps to develop a sense of balance and stability.","translation":"تساعد هذه الوضعية أيضًا على تطوير الإحساس بالتوازن والاستقرار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"People suffering from heart disease or high blood pressure should not practise this asana.","translation":"يجب على الأشخاص الذين يعانون من أمراض القلب أو ارتفاع ضغط الدم عدم ممارسة هذا الوضع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Let us perform Akarna Dhanurasana by following the steps given below:","translation":"دعنا نؤدي أكارنا دانوراسانا باتباع الخطوات المذكورة أدناه:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sit and stretch out both the legs in front.","translation":"اجلس ومدد كلا الساقين للأمام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Catch hold of the right big toe by the hook of the index finger and thumb of the left hand.","translation":"أمسك إصبع القدم الكبير الأيمن بواسطة خطاف السبابة والإبهام من اليد اليسرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Bend the right leg at knee. Pull the feet by the toe, so as it reaches up to the left ear.","translation":"اثنِ الساق اليمنى عند الركبة. اسحب القدمين بالإصبع، بحيث تصل إلى الأذن اليسرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Maintain the position for 5 to 10 seconds.","translation":"حافظ على الوضع لمدة 5 إلى 10 ثوانٍ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This asana is beneficial in constipation and indigestion.","translation":"هذا الوضع مفيد في الإمساك وعسر الهضم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Do not practise, if suffering from spinal complaints, dislocation of hip joints and sciatica.","translation":"لا تمارس، إذا كنت تعاني من مشاكل في العمود الفقري، أو خلع مفاصل الورك، أو عرق النسا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Low blood pressure, insomnia, and chronic pain can significantly impact daily life.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤثر انخفاض ضغط الدم والأرق والألم المزمن بشكل كبير على الحياة اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Bhastrika Pranayama involves forceful and rapid inhalation and exhalation.","translation":"يتضمن بهستريكا براناياما الشهيق والزفير القوي والسريع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sit in Padmasana, Ardhapadmasana, or any other comfortable meditative posture.","translation":"اجلس في وضعية بادماسانا أو أردها بادماسانا أو أي وضعية تأمل مريحة أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Do not practice Bhastrika pranayama during ear infections or if you have heart problems.","translation":"لا تمارس بهستريكا براناياما أثناء التهابات الأذن أو إذا كنت تعاني من مشاكل في القلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Uddiyana Bandha involves raising the diaphragm up and contracting the abdominal muscles.","translation":"يتضمن أودييانا باندا رفع الحجاب الحاجز وتقلص عضلات البطن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Exhale through the mouth, emptying the lungs as much as possible.","translation":"ازفر من خلال الفم، وأفرغ الرئتين قدر الإمكان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A beginner should not make more than three attempts a day of Uddiyana Bandha.","translation":"يجب على المبتدئ ألا يقوم بأكثر من ثلاث محاولات في اليوم لأودييانا باندا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Meditation helps to calm the mind and reduce stress.","translation":"يساعد التأمل على تهدئة العقل وتقليل التوتر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Focus your attention on the breath during meditation.","translation":"ركز انتباهك على التنفس أثناء التأمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Introspection involves self-observation and awareness of strengths and weaknesses.","translation":"يتضمن الاستبطان الملاحظة الذاتية والوعي بالنقاط القوية والضعف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What are the benefits of Bhastrika pranayama?","translation":"ما هي فوائد بهستريكا براناياما؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mention the importance of introspection for personality development.","translation":"اذكر أهمية الاستبطان لتنمية الشخصية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Waste management is a serious challenge with implications for human health and the environment.","translation":"إدارة النفايات تمثل تحديًا خطيرًا له آثار على صحة الإنسان والبيئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Solid waste includes everything discarded after it loses its usability.","translation":"تشمل النفايات الصلبة كل ما يتم التخلص منه بعد أن تفقد قابليتها للاستخدام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Biodegradable waste can be broken down by nature, unlike non-biodegradable waste.","translation":"يمكن للطبيعة أن تحلل النفايات القابلة للتحلل، على عكس النفايات غير القابلة للتحلل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Plastic and glass are examples of non-biodegradable materials.","translation":"البلاستيك والزجاج أمثلة على المواد غير القابلة للتحلل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Improper waste disposal can contaminate groundwater.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤدي التخلص غير السليم من النفايات إلى تلوث المياه الجوفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Open garbage attracts flies, cockroaches, and other insects.","translation":"تتسبب القمامة المفتوحة في جذب الذباب والصراصير والحشرات الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Waste segregation at the source is the first principle of waste management.","translation":"فرز النفايات من المصدر هو المبدأ الأول لإدارة النفايات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We should reduce, reuse, recycle, and refuse to manage waste effectively.","translation":"يجب أن نقلل ونعيد الاستخدام ونعيد التدوير ونرفض لإدارة النفايات بشكل فعال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We should also cultivate the habit of practicing the 4 R’s of waste management, i.e. Reuse, Reduce, Recycle and Refuse in our day-to-day life.","translation":"يجب علينا أيضًا أن نزرع عادة ممارسة مبادئ إدارة النفايات الأربعة، أي إعادة الاستخدام والتقليل وإعادة التدوير والرفض في حياتنا اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For every tonne of paper that is recycled, about 2 trees are saved.","translation":"لكل طن من الورق المعاد تدويره، يتم إنقاذ حوالي شجرتين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Each of us should develop awareness towards this issue.","translation":"يجب على كل واحد منا أن يطور الوعي تجاه هذه القضية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"By practicing waste segregation and management we will not only safeguard ourselves from numerous health hazards, but also save our environment from pollution.","translation":"من خلال ممارسة فرز النفايات وإدارتها، لن نحمي أنفسنا فحسب من المخاطر الصحية العديدة، بل سننقذ بيئتنا أيضًا من التلوث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What are the health risks faced by rag pickers?","translation":"ما هي المخاطر الصحية التي يواجهها جامعي القمامة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Suggest two measures for their safety.","translation":"اقترح إجراءين لسلامتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Toxic waste, hospital waste and soiled waste should be disposed of with great care.","translation":"يجب التخلص من النفايات السامة ونفايات المستشفيات والنفايات المتسخة بعناية فائقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mention some of the health hazards associated with open garbage dumps.","translation":"اذكر بعض المخاطر الصحية المرتبطة بمكبات القمامة المفتوحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What is the difference between biodegradable and non- biodegradable waste?","translation":"ما الفرق بين النفايات القابلة للتحلل والنفايات غير القابلة للتحلل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"How does non-biodegradable material affect our environment?","translation":"كيف تؤثر المواد غير القابلة للتحلل على بيئتنا؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Suggest some ways of minimising the use of plastics in our daily life.","translation":"اقترح بعض الطرق لتقليل استخدام البلاستيك في حياتنا اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What are the health hazards associated with plastic?","translation":"ما هي المخاطر الصحية المرتبطة بالبلاستيك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Food is our basic need.","translation":"الغذاء هو حاجتنا الأساسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It nourishes our body and maintains our health.","translation":"إنه يغذي أجسامنا ويحافظ على صحتنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A healthy diet should consist of simple, natural and/or well-cooked foods which promote health and protect us from diseases.","translation":"يجب أن يتكون النظام الغذائي الصحي من الأطعمة البسيطة والطبيعية و/أو المطبوخة جيدًا والتي تعزز الصحة وتحمينا من الأمراض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Our diet contains many food items which are obtained from different sources.","translation":"يحتوي نظامنا الغذائي على العديد من المواد الغذائية التي يتم الحصول عليها من مصادر مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These constituents are known as nutrients.","translation":"تُعرف هذه المكونات باسم العناصر الغذائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Proteins are called building blocks of our body.","translation":"تسمى البروتينات اللبنات الأساسية لأجسامنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for our body.","translation":"الكربوهيدرات هي المصدر الرئيسي للطاقة لأجسامنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Vitamins are organic substances that we require in adequate quantities for good health.","translation":"الفيتامينات هي مواد عضوية نحتاجها بكميات كافية لصحة جيدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Under-nutrition is high among children.","translation":"سوء التغذية مرتفع بين الأطفال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"At present, 40 per cent children of less than five years of age in our country are underweight.","translation":"في الوقت الحالي، 40 في المائة من الأطفال دون سن الخامسة في بلدنا يعانون من نقص الوزن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For the management of under-nutrition, improvement in nutritional status is required.","translation":"لإدارة سوء التغذية، يلزم تحسين الحالة الغذائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Many myths and taboos about diet are also responsible for under-nutrition in our country.","translation":"العديد من الخرافات والمحرمات حول النظام الغذائي مسؤولة أيضًا عن سوء التغذية في بلدنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Due to ignorance and illiteracy, locally available nutritious food is not eaten.","translation":"بسبب الجهل والأمية، لا يتم تناول الأطعمة المغذية المتوفرة محليًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In case of new born babies, inadequate breastfeeding is a major cause of under- nutrition.","translation":"في حالة الأطفال حديثي الولادة، يعتبر عدم كفاية الرضاعة الطبيعية سببًا رئيسيًا لسوء التغذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Exclusive breast feeding during the first six months of life is very important.","translation":"الرضاعة الطبيعية الحصرية خلال الأشهر الستة الأولى من الحياة مهمة جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Over-nutrition is also a form of malnutrition that results from overeating and excessive intake of specific nutrients.","translation":"فرط التغذية هو أيضًا شكل من أشكال سوء التغذية ينتج عن الإفراط في تناول الطعام والإفراط في تناول عناصر غذائية معينة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Inadequate exercise and overeating are the major causes of overweight.","translation":"عدم ممارسة الرياضة بشكل كاف والإفراط في تناول الطعام هما السببان الرئيسيان لزيادة الوزن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Due to intake of excessive food, adipose tissue increases abnormally in the body that enlarges or the number of fat cells increase leading to obesity.","translation":"بسبب تناول كميات مفرطة من الطعام، تزداد الأنسجة الدهنية بشكل غير طبيعي في الجسم، مما يؤدي إلى تضخم أو زيادة عدد الخلايا الدهنية، مما يؤدي إلى السمنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"We find obese persons bulky and overweight because of the accumulation of fat in the body.","translation":"نجد الأشخاص المصابين بالسمنة ضخامًا ويعانون من زيادة الوزن بسبب تراكم الدهون في الجسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People who eat more need to burn more calories, otherwise surplus calories are stored as fat.","translation":"يحتاج الأشخاص الذين يأكلون أكثر إلى حرق المزيد من السعرات الحرارية، وإلا يتم تخزين السعرات الحرارية الزائدة على شكل دهون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In modern societies obesity has become an epidemic.","translation":"في المجتمعات الحديثة، أصبحت السمنة وباءً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It occurs in both developed and developing countries and affects children as well as adults.","translation":"تحدث في كل من البلدان المتقدمة والنامية وتؤثر على الأطفال وكذلك البالغين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In addition to overeating and inactivity, the major reasons of overweight and obesity are sedentary life style, emotional problems and physiological disturbances including genetic factors.","translation":"بالإضافة إلى الإفراط في تناول الطعام والخمول، فإن الأسباب الرئيسية لزيادة الوزن والسمنة هي نمط الحياة المستقرة والمشاكل العاطفية والاضطرابات الفسيولوجية بما في ذلك العوامل الوراثية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Planning for balanced diet and regular exercise is of utmost importance to prevent overweight and obesity.","translation":"تعتبر التخطيط لنظام غذائي متوازن وممارسة الرياضة بانتظام أمرًا في غاية الأهمية للوقاية من زيادة الوزن والسمنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Eating disorders are severe disturbances in eating behaviour commonly seen among adolescents between ages 14 to 18 years.","translation":"اضطرابات الأكل هي اضطرابات شديدة في سلوك الأكل شائعة بين المراهقين الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 14 و 18 عامًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Anorexia Nervosa is a psychological disorder caused by under- nutrition.","translation":"فقدان الشهية العصبي هو اضطراب نفسي ناتج عن سوء التغذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterised by recurrent binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviour.","translation":"الشره المرضي العصبي هو اضطراب في الأكل يتميز بالإفراط في تناول الطعام بشكل متكرر، يليه سلوك تعويضي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"First aid is the provision of initial care for an illness or injury.","translation":"الإسعافات الأولية هي توفير الرعاية الأولية لمرض أو إصابة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Community education promotes healthy living and sustainable practices.","translation":"يعزز تثقيف المجتمع الحياة الصحية والممارسات المستدامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Adolescents face unique health challenges.","translation":"يواجه المراهقون تحديات صحية فريدة من نوعها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Nutritional needs are crucial during adolescence.","translation":"الاحتياجات الغذائية ضرورية خلال فترة المراهقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Anaemia affects physical and cognitive development.","translation":"يؤثر فقر الدم على النمو البدني والإدراكي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Reproductive and sexual health are sensitive topics.","translation":"الصحة الإنجابية والجنسية من المواضيع الحساسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Early marriage remains a serious problem in some regions.","translation":"لا يزال الزواج المبكر مشكلة خطيرة في بعض المناطق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mental health concerns include depression and substance abuse.","translation":"تشمل مخاوف الصحة العقلية الاكتئاب وتعاطي المخدرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Accidental injuries are a leading cause of death among adolescents.","translation":"الإصابات العرضية هي سبب رئيسي للوفاة بين المراهقين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Adolescent-friendly health services are designed to meet their needs.","translation":"تم تصميم خدمات الصحة الصديقة للمراهقين لتلبية احتياجاتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These services offer preventive, promotive, and curative care.","translation":"تقدم هذه الخدمات الرعاية الوقائية والتعزيزية والعلاجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Adolescents may hesitate to use health services due to various barriers.","translation":"قد يتردد المراهقون في استخدام الخدمات الصحية بسبب حواجز مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Lack of knowledge about services is a common barrier.","translation":"نقص المعرفة بالخدمات هو حاجز شائع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Privacy and confidentiality are crucial in health clinics.","translation":"الخصوصية والسرية أمران حاسمان في العيادات الصحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Adolescent-friendly health services are located in various settings.","translation":"تقع خدمات الصحة الصديقة للمراهقين في أماكن مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Staff should be trained to handle adolescent issues with sensitivity.","translation":"يجب تدريب الموظفين على التعامل مع قضايا المراهقين بحساسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Peer educators can help address sensitive issues.","translation":"يمكن للمعلمين الأقران المساعدة في معالجة القضايا الحساسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"AFHS provide monitoring of growth and development.","translation":"توفر خدمات الصحة الصديقة للمراهقين (AFHS) مراقبة النمو والتطور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They also offer counselling on life skills.","translation":"كما أنها تقدم المشورة بشأن المهارات الحياتية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Street youth and those in foster care need special attention.","translation":"يحتاج شباب الشوارع وأولئك الموجودون في دور الرعاية إلى اهتمام خاص.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"AFHS are designed to meet the special needs of adolescents.","translation":"تم تصميم خدمات الصحة الصديقة للمراهقين (AFHS) لتلبية الاحتياجات الخاصة للمراهقين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Elevate the injured part above the level of the heart to reduce swelling and pain.","translation":"ارفع الجزء المصاب فوق مستوى القلب لتقليل التورم والألم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"First aid training should be organized in schools to provide practical exposure to students.","translation":"يجب تنظيم تدريب الإسعافات الأولية في المدارس لتوفير خبرة عملية للطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Medical evacuation is the responsibility of trained medical personnel.","translation":"إخلاء المرضى هو مسؤولية العاملين الطبيين المدربين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Always wait for medical evacuation unless it's an emergency.","translation":"انتظر دائمًا الإخلاء الطبي ما لم تكن هناك حالة طارئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"You must know how to transport a casualty without worsening their condition.","translation":"يجب أن تعرف كيفية نقل المصاب دون تفاقم حالته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What is the primary aim of first aid?","translation":"ما هو الهدف الأساسي من الإسعافات الأولية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"List the items that should be kept in a first aid box.","translation":"اذكر العناصر التي يجب الاحتفاظ بها في صندوق الإسعافات الأولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Health is more than just the absence of disease; it encompasses physical, mental, and social well-being.","translation":"الصحة هي أكثر من مجرد غياب المرض؛ فهي تشمل الرفاهية الجسدية والعقلية والاجتماعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Social health refers to a person's ability to interact with others and the health of society in general.","translation":"تشير الصحة الاجتماعية إلى قدرة الشخص على التفاعل مع الآخرين وصحة المجتمع بشكل عام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Customs and traditions influence all aspects of individuals' lives, including their health.","translation":"تؤثر العادات والتقاليد على جميع جوانب حياة الأفراد، بما في ذلك صحتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Early marriage can have adverse effects on the health and well-being of young women.","translation":"يمكن أن يكون للزواج المبكر آثار سلبية على صحة ورفاهية الشابات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Breastfeeding has both nutritional and psychological benefits for both mother and child.","translation":"الرضاعة الطبيعية لها فوائد غذائية ونفسية للأم والطفل على حد سواء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Discrimination against girls can lead to inadequate nutrition and limited access to education.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤدي التمييز ضد الفتيات إلى عدم كفاية التغذية والوصول المحدود إلى التعليم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Substance abuse is a serious problem that affects families and society.","translation":"إساءة استخدام المواد هو مشكلة خطيرة تؤثر على الأسر والمجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Environmental degradation can cause various health problems.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤدي التدهور البيئي إلى مشاكل صحية مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Misuse and overuse of natural resources are major contributors to environmental degradation.","translation":"إساءة استخدام الموارد الطبيعية والإفراط في استخدامها من المساهمين الرئيسيين في التدهور البيئي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Protecting clean water requires growing vegetation in catchment areas and constructing dams.","translation":"يتطلب حماية المياه النظيفة زراعة الغطاء النباتي في مناطق تجميع المياه وبناء السدود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Industrial wastes should not be released into rivers.","translation":"يجب عدم إطلاق النفايات الصناعية في الأنهار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Community education is essential for promoting social health and environmental protection.","translation":"تعتبر التوعية المجتمعية ضرورية لتعزيز الصحة الاجتماعية وحماية البيئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Judicious use of water and rainwater harvesting are important for water conservation.","translation":"الاستخدام الحكيم للمياه وحصاد مياه الأمطار مهمان للحفاظ على المياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"environment","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/Hornbill-English-XI_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,140 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"The ship was tossed about by the violent storm.","translation":"تلاطم السفينة في العاصفة العنيفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He carefully examined the ancient artifacts.","translation":"فحص بعناية القطع الأثرية القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company announced a new product launch next month.","translation":"أعلنت الشركة عن إطلاق منتج جديد الشهر المقبل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Despite the challenges, the team remained optimistic.","translation":"على الرغم من التحديات، ظل الفريق متفائلاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The scientist conducted extensive research on the subject.","translation":"أجرى العالم بحثًا مكثفًا حول هذا الموضوع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The old man reminisced about his childhood.","translation":"استرجع الرجل العجوز ذكريات طفولته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government implemented new policies to boost the economy.","translation":"نفذت الحكومة سياسات جديدة لتعزيز الاقتصاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The complex machinery required specialized maintenance.","translation":"تطلبت الآلات المعقدة صيانة متخصصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"She expressed her gratitude for their support.","translation":"أعربت عن امتنانها لدعمهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The negotiations reached a stalemate after several rounds.","translation":"وصلت المفاوضات إلى طريق مسدود بعد عدة جولات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The artist's paintings were displayed in a prestigious gallery.","translation":"عُرضت لوحات الفنان في معرض مرموق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The rapid technological advancements have transformed society.","translation":"أدت التطورات التكنولوجية السريعة إلى تحويل المجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The detective investigated the mysterious disappearance.","translation":"حقق المحقق في الاختفاء الغامض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company is committed to sustainable practices.","translation":"تلتزم الشركة بالممارسات المستدامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The economic forecast predicted a period of growth.","translation":"توقع التقرير الاقتصادي فترة نمو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The ancient civilization left behind a rich cultural heritage.","translation":"تركت الحضارة القديمة وراءها تراثًا ثقافيًا غنيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The patient received prompt medical attention.","translation":"تلقى المريض عناية طبية سريعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The lawyer presented a compelling argument in court.","translation":"قدم المحامي حجة مقنعة في المحكمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The team celebrated their victory with great enthusiasm.","translation":"احتفل الفريق بفوزه بحماس كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The intricate design of the building was admired by all.","translation":"أُعجب الجميع بالتصميم المعقد للمبنى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"And God was merciful. A shot brushed past his ear.","translation":"وكان الله رحيما. مرت رصاصة بجوار أذنه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Even the difference of a til (sesame) would have led to his death.","translation":"حتى الفرق بين حبة سمسم كان سيؤدي إلى وفاته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At eight o’clock the librarian politely reminded the professor that the library was closing for the day.","translation":"في الساعة الثامنة، ذكّر أمين المكتبة بأدب الأستاذ بأن المكتبة ستغلق اليوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Gangadharpant emerged from his thoughts.","translation":"خرج جانغادهاربان من أفكاره.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Looking around he noticed that he was the only reader left in that magnificent hall.","translation":"عندما نظر حوله، لاحظ أنه القارئ الوحيد المتبقي في تلك القاعة الرائعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"“I beg your pardon, sir! May I request you to keep these books here for my use tomorrow morning?","translation":"أعتذر يا سيدي! هل لي أن أطلب منك الاحتفاظ بهذه الكتب هنا لاستخدامي غدًا في الصباح؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"By the way, when do you open?”","translation":"بالمناسبة، متى تفتحون؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"“At eight o’clock, sir.” The librarian smiled.","translation":"في الساعة الثامنة يا سيدي.” ابتسم أمين المكتبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Here was a user and researcher right after his heart.","translation":"هنا كان مستخدمًا وباحثًا على الفور بعد قلبه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As the professor left the table he shoved some notes into his right pocket.","translation":"عندما غادر الأستاذ الطاولة، دفع بعض الملاحظات في جيبه الأيمن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Absent-mindedly, he also shoved the Bakhar into his left pocket.","translation":"وبذهول، دفع أيضًا كتاب باخار في جيبه الأيسر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He found a guest house to stay in and had a frugal meal.","translation":"وجد بيت ضيافة للإقامة فيه وتناول وجبة بسيطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He then set out for a stroll towards the Azad Maidan.","translation":"ثم انطلق في نزهة نحو ميدان آزاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In the maidan he found a throng moving towards a pandal.","translation":"في الميدان، وجد حشدًا يتحرك نحو خيمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"So, a lecture was to take place.","translation":"إذن، كان من المقرر إلقاء محاضرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Force of habit took Professor Gaitonde towards the pandal.","translation":"أخذت قوة العادة الأستاذ غايتوندي نحو الخيمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The lecture was in progress, although people kept coming and going.","translation":"كانت المحاضرة جارية، على الرغم من أن الناس استمروا في القدوم والذهاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"But Professor Gaitonde was not looking at the audience.","translation":"لكن الأستاذ غايتوندي لم يكن ينظر إلى الجمهور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He was staring at the platform as if mesmerised.","translation":"كان يحدق في المنصة كما لو كان مفتونًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There was a table and a chair but the latter was unoccupied.","translation":"كانت هناك طاولة وكرسي، لكن الأخير كان غير مشغول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The sun was setting, painting the sky with hues of orange and purple.","translation":"كانت الشمس تغرب، وتلون السماء بألوان البرتقالي والأرجواني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She carefully placed the fragile vase on the antique table.","translation":"وضعت بعناية المزهرية الهشة على الطاولة الأثرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The news reported a significant increase in the stock market.","translation":"أفادت الأخبار عن زيادة كبيرة في سوق الأسهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Despite the challenges, the team remained optimistic about the project's success.","translation":"على الرغم من التحديات، ظل الفريق متفائلاً بشأن نجاح المشروع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The complex algorithm processed the data with remarkable speed and accuracy.","translation":"عالج الخوارزمية المعقدة البيانات بسرعة ودقة ملحوظتين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The philosopher's profound insights shaped the course of Western thought.","translation":"شكلت رؤى الفيلسوف العميقة مسار الفكر الغربي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The company announced a new product launch next month.","translation":"أعلنت الشركة عن إطلاق منتج جديد الشهر المقبل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He decided to take a long walk in the park to clear his head.","translation":"قرر أن يأخذ نزهة طويلة في الحديقة لتصفية ذهنه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The scientists conducted extensive research to understand the phenomenon.","translation":"أجرى العلماء بحثًا مكثفًا لفهم الظاهرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The historical document provided valuable insights into the era.","translation":"قدمت الوثيقة التاريخية رؤى قيمة في تلك الحقبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The intricate design of the building was admired by all.","translation":"أعجب الجميع بالتصميم المعقد للمبنى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The economic policies had a significant impact on the global market.","translation":"كان للسياسات الاقتصادية تأثير كبير على السوق العالمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"She enjoyed reading a good book on a rainy afternoon.","translation":"استمتعت بقراءة كتاب جيد في فترة ما بعد الظهر الممطرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He was feeling under the weather and decided to stay home.","translation":"كان يشعر بتوعك وقرر البقاء في المنزل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The experiment yielded unexpected results, prompting further investigation.","translation":"أعطت التجربة نتائج غير متوقعة، مما دفع إلى مزيد من التحقيق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The treaty negotiations were long and arduous, but ultimately successful.","translation":"كانت مفاوضات المعاهدة طويلة وشاقة، لكنها نجحت في النهاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The quantum physics theory revolutionized our understanding of the universe.","translation":"أحدثت نظرية فيزياء الكم ثورة في فهمنا للكون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The intricate tapestry depicted scenes from ancient mythology.","translation":"صور النسيج المعقد مشاهد من الأساطير القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The government implemented new regulations to address the environmental concerns.","translation":"نفذت الحكومة لوائح جديدة لمعالجة المخاوف البيئية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The aroma of freshly baked bread filled the kitchen.","translation":"ملأت رائحة الخبز الطازج المخبوز المطبخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Look for some other poem on a bird or a tree in English or any other language.","translation":"ابحث عن قصيدة أخرى عن طائر أو شجرة باللغة الإنجليزية أو أي لغة أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Write four lines in verse form on any tree that you see around you.","translation":"اكتب أربعة أسطر في شكل شعري عن أي شجرة تراها من حولك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This poem has been placed after a text which has references to names of plants for thematic sequencing.","translation":"تم وضع هذه القصيدة بعد نص يحتوي على مراجع لأسماء النباتات للتسلسل الموضوعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Finding equivalents in other languages (multilingualism)","translation":"إيجاد المكافئات في لغات أخرى (تعدد اللغات)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Relating to thematically similar poems in other languages (multilingualism)","translation":"الارتباط بقصائد مماثلة موضوعيًا بلغات أخرى (تعدد اللغات)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Attempt at creativity","translation":"محاولة الإبداع","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I am the Poem of Earth, said the voice of the rain, Eternal I rise impalpable out of the land and the bottomless sea.","translation":"أنا قصيدة الأرض، قال صوت المطر، أرتفع أبدًا غير ملموس من الأرض والبحر الذي لا قاع له.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"poetry","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"There are two voices in the poem. Who do they belong to? Which lines indicate this?","translation":"هناك صوتان في القصيدة. لمن ينتميان؟ ما هي الأسطر التي تشير إلى ذلك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"poetry","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What does the phrase “strange to tell” mean?","translation":"ماذا تعني عبارة “من الغريب أن نقول”؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"poetry","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This is a nature poem celebrating the coming of the rain.","translation":"هذه قصيدة طبيعية تحتفل بقدوم المطر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"poetry","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The issues that he raised regarding the declining health of the earth continue to have relevance.","translation":"القضايا التي أثارها فيما يتعلق بتدهور صحة الأرض لا تزال ذات صلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We have shifted — one hopes, irrevocably — from the mechanistic view to a holistic and ecological view of the world.","translation":"لقد تحولنا - نأمل، بشكل لا رجعة فيه - من وجهة النظر الميكانيكية إلى وجهة نظر شاملة وبيئية للعالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The concept of sustainable development was popularised in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development.","translation":"تم تعميم مفهوم التنمية المستدامة في عام 1987 من قبل اللجنة العالمية المعنية بالبيئة والتنمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Scientists have catalogued about 1.4 million living species with which mankind shares the earth.","translation":"قام العلماء بفهرسة حوالي 1.4 مليون نوع حي تشترك فيها البشرية مع الأرض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"science","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In poor countries, local forests are being decimated in order to procure firewood for cooking.","translation":"في البلدان الفقيرة، يتم تدمير الغابات المحلية من أجل الحصول على الحطب للطبخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It has been well said that forests precede mankind; deserts follow.","translation":"لقد قيل بحق أن الغابات تسبق البشرية؛ الصحاري تتبع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Article 48A of the Constitution of India provides that “the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country”.","translation":"تنص المادة 48 أ من دستور الهند على أنه “يجب على الدولة أن تسعى جاهدة لحماية البيئة وتحسينها وحماية الغابات والحياة البرية في البلاد”.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The choice is really between control of population and perpetuation of poverty.","translation":"الخيار هو حقًا بين السيطرة على السكان وإدامة الفقر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For the first time in human history we see a transcending concern — the survival not just of the people but of the planet.","translation":"لأول مرة في تاريخ البشرية نرى اهتمامًا ساميًا - بقاء ليس فقط الناس ولكن الكوكب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Industry has a most crucial role to play in this new Era of Responsibility.","translation":"تلعب الصناعة دورًا حاسمًا للغاية في هذا العصر الجديد من المسؤولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Effective reading is receiving from others their ideas and feelings.","translation":"القراءة الفعالة هي استقبال أفكار ومشاعر الآخرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"My grandmother, like everybody’s grandmother, was an old woman.","translation":"جدتي، مثل جدة الجميع، كانت امرأة عجوز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She had been old and wrinkled for the twenty years that I had known her.","translation":"كانت عجوزًا ومتجعدة طوال العشرين عامًا التي عرفتها فيها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People said that she had once been young and pretty and had even had a husband, but that was hard to believe.","translation":"قال الناس إنها كانت شابة وجميلة ذات مرة، وحتى أنها تزوجت، لكن كان من الصعب تصديق ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"My grandfather’s portrait hung above the mantelpiece in the drawing room.","translation":"علقت صورة جدي فوق المدفأة في غرفة الرسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He wore a big turban and loose-fitting clothes.","translation":"كان يرتدي عمامة كبيرة وملابس فضفاضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"His long, white beard covered the best part of his chest and he looked at least a hundred years old.","translation":"غطى لحيته الطويلة والبيضاء أفضل جزء من صدره وبدا وكأنه يبلغ من العمر مائة عام على الأقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He did not look the sort of person who would have a wife or children.","translation":"لم يكن يبدو من النوع الذي لديه زوجة أو أطفال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She often told us of the games she used to play as a child.","translation":"غالبًا ما أخبرتنا عن الألعاب التي كانت تلعبها عندما كانت طفلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"That seemed quite absurd and undignified on her part and we treated it like the fables of the Prophets she used to tell us.","translation":"بدا ذلك سخيفًا وغير لائق من جانبها وعاملناه مثل أساطير الأنبياء التي كانت تخبرنا بها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"She had always been short and fat and slightly bent.","translation":"لطالما كانت قصيرة وبدينة ومنحنية قليلاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Her face was a criss-cross of wrinkles running from everywhere to everywhere.","translation":"كان وجهها عبارة عن شبكة متقاطعة من التجاعيد تمتد من كل مكان إلى كل مكان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Old, so terribly old that she could not have grown older, and had stayed at the same age for twenty years.","translation":"عجوز، عجوز جدًا لدرجة أنها لم تستطع أن تكبر، وظلت في نفس العمر لمدة عشرين عامًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"She could never have been pretty; but she was always beautiful.","translation":"لم يكن من الممكن أن تكون جميلة أبدًا؛ لكنها كانت دائمًا جميلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She hobbled about the house in spotless white with one hand resting on her waist to balance her stoop and the other telling the beads of her rosary.","translation":"كانت تتجول في المنزل بثوب أبيض ناصع مع وضع يد واحدة على خصرها لتحقيق التوازن في انحنائها والأخرى تسبح بها على حبات مسبحتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Her silver locks were scattered untidily over her pale, puckered face, and her lips constantly moved in inaudible prayer.","translation":"تناثرت خصلات شعرها الفضية بشكل غير مرتب على وجهها الشاحب والمتجعد، وكانت شفتاها تتحركان باستمرار في صلاة غير مسموعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Yes, she was beautiful.","translation":"نعم، كانت جميلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"She was like the winter landscape in the mountains, an expanse of pure white serenity breathing peace and contentment.","translation":"كانت مثل منظر الشتاء في الجبال، مساحة من الصفاء الأبيض النقي تتنفس السلام والرضا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"My grandmother and I were good friends.","translation":"كنا أنا وجدتي صديقين حميمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"My parents left me with her when they went to live in the city and we were constantly together.","translation":"تركني والداي معها عندما ذهبوا للعيش في المدينة وكنا معًا باستمرار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company's letterhead includes the name and address of the sender.","translation":"تتضمن رأسية رسالة الشركة اسم وعنوان المرسل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Please find attached the resume and cover letter for the job application.","translation":"يرجى إيجاد السيرة الذاتية وخطاب التغطية مرفقين لطلب الوظيفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The manager is responsible for customer services and resolving complaints.","translation":"المدير مسؤول عن خدمات العملاء وحل الشكاوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I am writing to express my interest in the advertised position.","translation":"أكتب لأعبر عن اهتمامي بالوظيفة المعلن عنها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The application should be submitted before the deadline.","translation":"يجب تقديم الطلب قبل الموعد النهائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The company requires excellent communication skills, both written and spoken.","translation":"تتطلب الشركة مهارات اتصال ممتازة، كتابية وشفوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The curriculum vitae should include details of education and experience.","translation":"يجب أن تتضمن السيرة الذاتية تفاصيل التعليم والخبرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I am enclosing my resume for your review.","translation":"أرفق سيرتي الذاتية لمراجعتكم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Thank you for your time and consideration.","translation":"شكراً لوقتكم واهتمامكم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"I look forward to hearing from you soon.","translation":"أتطلع إلى أن أسمع منك قريبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The letter should be formatted in a professional manner.","translation":"يجب تنسيق الرسالة بطريقة احترافية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The date and signature are important elements of a formal letter.","translation":"التاريخ والتوقيع عنصران مهمان في الرسالة الرسمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The subject line provides a quick reference to the topic of the letter.","translation":"يوفر سطر الموضوع إشارة سريعة إلى موضوع الرسالة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The content of the letter is usually arranged in paragraphs.","translation":"عادة ما يتم ترتيب محتوى الرسالة في فقرات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The complimentary close is followed by the signature.","translation":"يتبع التحية الختامية التوقيع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Informal letters have a flexible format.","translation":"الرسائل غير الرسمية لها تنسيق مرن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The writer's address may be placed in the top right-hand corner.","translation":"يمكن وضع عنوان الكاتب في الزاوية اليمنى العليا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The letter can be addressed to 'Dear Sir' or 'Dear Madam'.","translation":"يمكن توجيه الرسالة إلى 'عزيزي سيدي' أو 'عزيزتي سيدتي'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The resume should highlight your skills and achievements.","translation":"يجب أن تبرز السيرة الذاتية مهاراتك وإنجازاتك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"I am a highly motivated and results-oriented individual.","translation":"أنا شخص متحمس للغاية وموجه نحو النتائج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Sahara is the world's largest desert.","translation":"الصحراء الكبرى هي أكبر صحراء في العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Just 6,000 years ago, the Sahara was a much different place; it was green.","translation":"قبل 6000 سنة فقط، كانت الصحراء الكبرى مكانًا مختلفًا تمامًا؛ كانت خضراء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Prehistoric rock art in the Sahara shows hippopotamuses, which need year-round water.","translation":"تُظهر الفنون الصخرية القديمة في الصحراء أفراس النهر، التي تحتاج إلى الماء على مدار العام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The green Sahara was the product of the migration of the paleo-monsoon.","translation":"كانت الصحراء الخضراء نتاج هجرة الرياح الموسمية القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The tilt of the earth’s axis varies in a regular cycle.","translation":"يميل محور الأرض في دورة منتظمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Around 5,000 years ago the monsoon shifted dramatically southward again.","translation":"قبل حوالي 5000 عام، تحولت الرياح الموسمية بشكل كبير إلى الجنوب مرة أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As the land dried out and vegetation decreased, the soil lost its ability to hold water.","translation":"مع جفاف الأرض وتناقص الغطاء النباتي، فقدت التربة قدرتها على الاحتفاظ بالمياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"By 4,000 years ago the Sahara had become what it is today.","translation":"بحلول 4000 عام مضت، أصبحت الصحراء الكبرى على ما هي عليه اليوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It’s the best water in Egypt — clean, refreshing mineral water.","translation":"إنها أفضل مياه في مصر - مياه معدنية نظيفة ومنعشة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If you want to drink something good, try the ancient buried treasure of the Sahara.","translation":"إذا كنت تريد أن تشرب شيئًا جيدًا، فجرب الكنز القديم المدفون في الصحراء الكبرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Many cities in India accurately mirror Friedrich Engels’ description of urban centres in nineteenth century England even today.","translation":"تعكس العديد من المدن في الهند بدقة وصف فريدريش إنجلز للمراكز الحضرية في إنجلترا في القرن التاسع عشر حتى اليوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Urban Decay","translation":"التحلل الحضري","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"State and municipal governments did not pursue reform in waste management.","translation":"لم تسعَ حكومات الولايات والحكومات البلدية إلى الإصلاح في إدارة النفايات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Post-liberalisation policies have tended to largely disregard other key factors that affect the quality of life in cities and towns.","translation":"تميل سياسات ما بعد التحرير إلى تجاهل إلى حد كبير العوامل الرئيسية الأخرى التي تؤثر على نوعية الحياة في المدن والبلدات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Migration to cities continues and infrastructure to treat sewage is grossly inadequate.","translation":"تستمر الهجرة إلى المدن والبنية التحتية لمعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي غير كافية إلى حد كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Urban transport receives scant attention from policymakers.","translation":"لا يحظى النقل الحضري باهتمام كبير من صانعي السياسات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Curitiba in Brazil, which has attracted global attention for innovative urban plans using low-cost technologies, shows that inclusive development models for urban renewal are workable.","translation":"تُظهر كوريتيبا في البرازيل، التي جذبت اهتمامًا عالميًا لخططها الحضرية المبتكرة باستخدام التقنيات منخفضة التكلفة، أن نماذج التنمية الشاملة للتجديد الحضري قابلة للتطبيق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Hobbies are free-time activities.","translation":"الهوايات هي أنشطة وقت الفراغ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Hobbies are educative and they widen our general knowledge.","translation":"الهوايات تثقيفية وتوسع معرفتنا العامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A composition on a particular subject consisting of more than one paragraph is an essay.","translation":"المقالة هي تركيبة حول موضوع معين تتكون من أكثر من فقرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/Human Ecology and Family Sciences Part I-XII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,237 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Warli painting and puppetry are examples of India's rich traditional occupations.","translation":"الرسم الوارلي والدمى المتحركة أمثلة على المهن التقليدية الغنية في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These traditional arts are gradually losing out to mass-produced goods.","translation":"هذه الفنون التقليدية تفقد تدريجياً مكانتها لصالح السلع المنتجة بكميات كبيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Illiteracy and socio-economic backwardness are major constraints.","translation":"الأمية والتخلف الاجتماعي والاقتصادي من القيود الرئيسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Shrinkage of forests and environmental degradation cause various problems.","translation":"تدهور الغابات والتدهور البيئي يسببان مشاكل مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There is an urgent need for the revival of indigenous knowledge.","translation":"هناك حاجة ملحة لإحياء المعرفة الأصلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Interventions are required in design innovations and preservation strategies.","translation":"مطلوب تدخلات في ابتكارات التصميم واستراتيجيات الحفظ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It is important for youth to be aware of career avenues.","translation":"من المهم للشباب أن يكونوا على دراية بفرص العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Government of India is making concerted efforts in this direction.","translation":"تبذل حكومة الهند جهودًا منسقة في هذا الاتجاه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Maintain diversity without hierarchy in the democratic milieu.","translation":"الحفاظ على التنوع دون تسلسل هرمي في البيئة الديمقراطية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The age and sex of the workforce influence personal and professional lives.","translation":"يؤثر عمر وجنس القوى العاملة على الحياة الشخصية والمهنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Health and development of children and women are at stake.","translation":"صحة وتنمية الأطفال والنساء على المحك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Human beings differentiate between men and women.","translation":"يميز البشر بين الرجال والنساء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"India's Supreme Court recognizes transgender people as a third gender.","translation":"تعترف المحكمة العليا في الهند بالأشخاص المتحولين جنسياً كجنس ثالث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Gender is socially constructed.","translation":"الجنس مبني اجتماعياً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Women have been engaged in production and marketing.","translation":"شاركت النساء في الإنتاج والتسويق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Women are intensively involved in agriculture and animal husbandry.","translation":"تشارك النساء بشكل مكثف في الزراعة وتربية الحيوانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Women's work at home is rarely valued.","translation":"نادراً ما يتم تقدير عمل المرأة في المنزل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Women's participation in the workforce has helped emancipate women.","translation":"ساعدت مشاركة المرأة في القوى العاملة على تحرير المرأة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Training facilities to develop skills need to be increased.","translation":"يجب زيادة مرافق التدريب لتطوير المهارات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Constitution of India guarantees equality to both men and women.","translation":"يكفل دستور الهند المساواة بين الرجال والنساء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook is designed for Class XII students.","translation":"تم تصميم الكتاب المدرسي لطلاب الصف الثاني عشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This edition is a revised version after content rationalization.","translation":"هذه الطبعة هي نسخة منقحة بعد ترشيد المحتوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005 recommends linking school life to life outside school.","translation":"يوصي الإطار الوطني للمناهج (NCF) لعام 2005 بربط حياة الأطفال في المدرسة بحياتهم خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The book attempts to discourage rote learning.","translation":"يحاول الكتاب تثبيط التعلم عن ظهر قلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We must recognize that children generate new knowledge.","translation":"يجب أن ندرك أن الأطفال يولدون معرفة جديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The teacher is another learning resource.","translation":"المعلم هو مورد تعليمي آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Inculcating creativity and initiative is possible.","translation":"غرس الإبداع والمبادرة أمر ممكن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This textbook is an example of how a textbook can be.","translation":"هذا الكتاب المدرسي مثال على كيف يمكن أن يكون الكتاب المدرسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions.","translation":"ترحب NCERT بالتعليقات والاقتراحات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Education Policy 2020 emphasizes reducing content load.","translation":"تؤكد السياسة التعليمية الوطنية لعام 2020 على تقليل عبء المحتوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Learning Outcomes have been taken into consideration.","translation":"تم أخذ مخرجات التعلم في الاعتبار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Content is easily accessible to students.","translation":"المحتوى متاح بسهولة للطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Gandhiji's Talisman provides guidance in times of doubt.","translation":"توفر تعويذة غاندي الإرشاد في أوقات الشك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"philosophy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Recall the face of the poorest man.","translation":"تذكر وجه أفقر رجل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"philosophy","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Will it lead to Swaraj for the hungry?","translation":"هل سيؤدي ذلك إلى السواراج للجياع؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"philosophy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbooks are developed based on the vision of NCF.","translation":"تم تطوير الكتب المدرسية بناءً على رؤية NCF.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each domain has grown with expanding horizons.","translation":"نما كل مجال مع توسيع الآفاق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Every person is entitled to a good Quality of Life.","translation":"يحق لكل شخص الحصول على نوعية حياة جيدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"HEFS provides numerous avenues with interdisciplinary perspectives.","translation":"توفر HEFS العديد من السبل ذات المنظورات متعددة التخصصات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This textbook takes a holistic approach.","translation":"يتخذ هذا الكتاب المدرسي نهجًا شاملاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The project requires an analysis of traditional occupations in the local area.","translation":"يتطلب المشروع تحليلًا للمهن التقليدية في المنطقة المحلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Gender roles and entrepreneurial opportunities will be examined.","translation":"سيتم فحص الأدوار بين الجنسين وفرص ريادة الأعمال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Documentation of a public campaign is a key part of the project.","translation":"توثيق حملة عامة هو جزء أساسي من المشروع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The campaign's purpose, focal group, and methods must be detailed.","translation":"يجب تفصيل غرض الحملة والمجموعة المستهدفة والأساليب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Stakeholders and media used in the campaign should be identified.","translation":"يجب تحديد أصحاب المصلحة ووسائل الإعلام المستخدمة في الحملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Comment on the relevance of the public campaign is necessary.","translation":"التعليق على أهمية الحملة العامة ضروري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A community-based program in your area needs to be studied.","translation":"يجب دراسة برنامج مجتمعي في منطقتك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The program's objectives and stakeholders are important.","translation":"أهداف البرنامج وأصحاب المصلحة مهمون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Implementation modalities of the program should be documented.","translation":"يجب توثيق طرائق تنفيذ البرنامج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Interviews with adolescents and adults are required.","translation":"المقابلات مع المراهقين والبالغين مطلوبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Their perceptions of people with special needs are of interest.","translation":"تصوراتهم عن الأشخاص ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة تهمنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Create a profile of a person with special needs.","translation":"قم بإنشاء ملف تعريف لشخص ذي احتياجات خاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Consider their diet, clothing, and activities.","translation":"ضع في اعتبارك نظامهم الغذائي وملابسهم وأنشطتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Document an event in your school or neighborhood.","translation":"وثق حدثًا في مدرستك أو حيّك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Evaluate the event's relevance and resource use.","translation":"قيّم أهمية الحدث واستخدام الموارد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Assess planning, execution, and financial implications.","translation":"قيّم التخطيط والتنفيذ والآثار المالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Gather feedback from stakeholders and suggest improvements.","translation":"اجمع الملاحظات من أصحاب المصلحة واقترح التحسينات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Plan messages for nutrition and health using different communication modes.","translation":"خطط لرسائل حول التغذية والصحة باستخدام طرق اتصال مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Conduct a market survey of processed foods.","translation":"أجرِ مسحًا للسوق للأطعمة المصنعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Examine their packaging and label information.","translation":"افحص عبواتها ومعلومات الملصقات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Every individual requires some necessary skills in reading, writing, and computing.","translation":"كل فرد يحتاج إلى بعض المهارات الضرورية في القراءة والكتابة والحساب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Productivity is also influenced by enthusiasm, zeal and dynamism.","translation":"كما يتأثر الإنتاج بالحماس والغيرة والحيوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"workplace","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Every successful person applies the principles and strategies of analytical thinking, critical evaluation, being innovative and creative.","translation":"يطبق كل شخص ناجح مبادئ واستراتيجيات التفكير التحليلي والتقييم النقدي والابتكار والإبداع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"workplace","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Work, whether a paid job or unpaid work in the home, as a caregiver, or in a volunteer capacity, is fundamental to human nature.","translation":"العمل، سواء كان وظيفة مدفوعة الأجر أو عملًا غير مدفوع الأجر في المنزل، أو كمقدم رعاية، أو بصفة متطوع، هو أمر أساسي للطبيعة البشرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Every human being is infinitely worthy; however, in modern times wealth is being given more importance.","translation":"كل إنسان جدير بالاحترام إلى ما لا نهاية؛ ومع ذلك، في العصر الحديث، يُعطى الثروة أ��مية أكبر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Whatever the type of work done, or the position held, or financial status, every person deserves respect.","translation":"أياً كان نوع العمل المنجز، أو المنصب الذي يشغله، أو الوضع المالي، يستحق كل شخص الاحترام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.","translation":"تنص الإعلان العالمي لحقوق الإنسان على أن جميع البشر يولدون أحرارًا ومتساوين في الكرامة والحقوق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Every individual, through his or her share of work, however big or small, contributes to the betterment of the society.","translation":"يساهم كل فرد، من خلال نصيبه من العمل، مهما كان كبيرًا أو صغيرًا، في تحسين المجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Dignity of labour means that the person takes pride in whatever she/he does.","translation":"كرامة العمل تعني أن الشخص يفتخر بما يفعله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mahatma Gandhi was a shining example of the dignity of labour.","translation":"كان المهاتما غاندي مثالاً ساطعًا لكرامة العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"He did sweeping, scavenging and cleaning in his ‘Ashram’ in Wardha.","translation":"قام بالتنظيف والكنس والتنظيف في 'أشرم' الخاص به في واردا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"He never felt degraded or insulted in doing the jobs that some people consider inferior or menial.","translation":"لم يشعر أبدًا بالإهانة أو الإذلال في القيام بالوظائف التي يعتبرها بعض الناس أقل شأناً أو وضيعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In this context, it is necessary to remember that whatever a person does should be driven by values and ethics.","translation":"في هذا السياق، من الضروري أن نتذكر أن أي شيء يفعله الشخص يجب أن يكون مدفوعًا بالقيم والأخلاق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Values and ethics provide behavioural rules.","translation":"توفر القيم والأخلاق قواعد سلوكية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Ethics are a formal system or set of rules which are explicitly adopted by a group of people, e.g., professional ethics, medical ethics.","translation":"الأخلاق هي نظام رسمي أو مجموعة من القواعد التي تتبناها صراحة مجموعة من الأشخاص، على سبيل المثال، الأخلاقيات المهنية، والأخلاقيات الطبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Being ethical at all times, earns respect of one’s colleagues or peers and encourages them also to be ethical.","translation":"إن التحلي بالأخلاق في جميع الأوقات يكسب احترام الزملاء أو الأقران ويشجعهم أيضًا على أن يكونوا أخلاقيين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"workplace","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"At the workplace, values and ethics help to reduce waste of time and money and simultaneously increase employee morale, confidence and productivity.","translation":"في مكان العمل، تساعد القيم والأخلاق على تقليل إضاعة الوقت والمال وزيادة معنويات الموظفين وثقتهم وإنتاجيتهم في نفس الوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"workplace","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Ergonomics is the study of humans at work, in order to understand the complex interrelationships of people with their job requirements.","translation":"علم بيئة العمل هو دراسة البشر في العمل، من أجل فهم العلاقات المعقدة بين الأشخاص ومتطلبات وظائفهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The objective is to generate working conditions that are not hazardous to human health, are acceptable to the workers / the work force and are optimal for work output and productivity.","translation":"الهدف هو توليد ظروف عمل غير ضارة بصحة الإنسان، ومقبولة للعاملين / القوة العاملة، وهي مثالية لإنتاج العمل والإنتاجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Entrepreneurship is the act of creating a new and innovative enterprise/ product or service.","translation":"ريادة الأعمال هي فعل إنشاء مؤسسة/منتج أو خدمة جديدة ومبتكرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A dietitian also needs to look at the effect of illness on food acceptance and utilisation.","translation":"يحتاج أخصائي التغذية أيضًا إلى النظر في تأثير المرض على قبول الطعام واستخدامه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nutritional care during illness is an organised group of activities.","translation":"الرعاية الغذائية أثناء المرض هي مجموعة منظمة من الأنشطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Planning and prioritising nutrition intervention(s) to meet nutritional needs.","translation":"تخطيط وتحديد أولويات التدخلات الغذائية لتلبية الاحتياجات الغذائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The nutritional care process is applied to individuals or groups in any setting.","translation":"تُطبق عملية الرعاية الغذائية على الأفراد أو المجموعات في أي مكان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A study of clinical nutrition and dietetics enables the professional to plan diets appropriately.","translation":"تمكن دراسة التغذية السريرية وعلم التغذية المهني من تخطيط الوجبات الغذائية بشكل مناسب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Modify diets in various disease conditions, keeping in mind the physical state, occupation, cultural, ethnic and socio-economic background.","translation":"تعديل الوجبات الغذائية في حالات الأمراض المختلفة، مع الأخذ في الاعتبار الحالة البدنية والمهنة والخلفية الثقافية والعرقية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Promote health and well-being of patients admitted to hospital or in outpatient clinics.","translation":"تعزيز صحة ورفاهية المرضى الذين يدخلون المستشفى أو في العيادات الخارجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Manage food services in a variety of institutional settings such as old age homes, schools, orphanages etc.","translation":"إدارة خدمات الطعام في مجموعة متنوعة من المؤسسات مثل دور رعاية المسنين والمدارس ودور الأيتام وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Help patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes and heart disease in management, to prevent complications and improve quality of life.","translation":"مساعدة المرضى المصابين بأمراض مزمنة مثل السكري وأمراض القلب في الإدارة، لمنع المضاعفات وتحسين نوعية الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Nutritional assessment is required to obtain information on the patient’s nutritional status and nutrient needs.","translation":"مطلوب التقييم الغذائي للحصول على معلومات حول الحالة الغذائية للمريض واحتياجاته من العناصر الغذائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The dietitian prescribes the diet, ensures provision of food in the hospital according to the diet restrictions and provides dietary counseling to the patient.","translation":"يصف أخصائي التغذية النظام الغذائي، ويضمن توفير الطعام في المستشفى وفقًا لقيود النظام الغذائي، ويقدم المشورة الغذائية للمريض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The dietitian has the primary responsibility for ensuring that the patient receives appropriate diet and optimal nutritional care.","translation":"يتحمل أخصائي التغذية المسؤولية الأساسية عن ضمان حصول المريض على نظام غذائي مناسب ورعاية غذائية مثالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Both normal and therapeutic diets are planned to maintain or restore good nutrition in the individual.","translation":"يتم تخطيط كل من الوجبات الغذائية العادية والعلاجية للحفاظ على التغذية الجيدة أو استعادتها لدى الفرد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A standard, normal or regular diet is one that includes all groups of foods and meets the needs of healthy individuals.","translation":"النظام الغذائي القياسي أو العادي أو المنتظم هو النظام الذي يشمل جميع مجموعات الأطعمة ويلبي احتياجات الأفراد الأصحاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Modified diets are those that are adjusted to meet the medical needs of a patient.","translation":"الوجبات الغذائية المعدلة هي تلك التي يتم تعديلها لتلبية الاحتياجات الطبية للمريض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Liquid diets are primarily fluid in consistency at room temperature.","translation":"الوجبات الغذائية السائلة هي في المقام الأول سائلة في الاتساق في درجة حرارة الغرفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Soft diets provide semi-solid foods that are lightly seasoned, do not contain much fibrous or gas forming foods.","translation":"توفر الوجبات الغذائية اللينة أطعمة شبه صلبة متبلة بخفة، ولا تحتوي على الكثير من الأطعمة الليفية أو التي تشكل الغازات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The best and most preferred way / route for feeding the patient is orally or by mouth.","translation":"أفضل وأكثر الطرق المفضلة لإطعام المريض هي عن طريق الفم أو عن طريق الفم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Besides being important for persons with disease, diet and good nutrition can control and delay the age of onset of chronic diseases.","translation":"بالإضافة إلى أهميته للأشخاص المصابين بالأمراض، يمكن للنظام الغذائي والتغذية الجيدة أن يتحكما في سن ظهور الأمراض المزمنة ويؤخراها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Clinical nutritionists can play a very important role in preventing development of such problems by providing appropriate diet counselling and guidance.","translation":"يمكن لأخصائيي التغذية السريرية أن يلعبوا دورًا مهمًا جدًا في منع تطور مثل هذه المشكلات من خلال توفير المشورة والتوجيه الغذائي المناسب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Large cities lack sufficient outdoor play for children.","translation":"في المدن الكبيرة، حتى الأطفال لا يلعبون ألعابًا خارجية كافية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Processed foods and fast foods are increasingly common in daily diets.","translation":"الأطعمة المصنعة والوجبات السريعة أصبحت شائعة بشكل متزايد في الوجبات الغذائية اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These dietary changes contribute to weight gain and related health issues.","translation":"تساهم هذه التغييرات الغذائية في زيادة الوزن والمشاكل الصحية ذات الصلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India faces a double burden of malnutrition, encompassing both undernutrition and overnutrition.","translation":"تواجه الهند عبئًا مزدوجًا من سوء التغذية، يشمل كل من نقص التغذية والإفراط في التغذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Communicable diseases, alongside non-communicable diseases, pose significant health challenges.","translation":"تشكل الأمراض المعدية، إلى جانب الأمراض غير المعدية، تحديات صحية كبيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Public health nutrition aims to prevent nutrition-related illnesses.","translation":"تهدف تغذية الصحة العامة إلى منع الأمراض المتعلقة بالتغذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Public health nutritionists use multidisciplinary approaches.","translation":"يستخدم أخصائيو تغذية الصحة العامة مناهج متعددة التخصصات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Nutritional problems are linked to various interacting factors.","translation":"ترتبط المشاكل الغذائية بعوامل مختلفة ومتفاعلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Poverty and lack of access to basic amenities worsen the situation.","translation":"الفقر وعدم الحصول على المرافق الأساسية يؤديان إلى تفاقم الوضع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a widespread issue.","translation":"سوء التغذية البروتينية والطاقة (PEM) مشكلة واسعة الانتشار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Micronutrient deficiencies, often called 'hidden hunger', are a major concern.","translation":"نقص المغذيات الدقيقة، الذي يطلق عليه غالبًا 'الجوع الخفي'، يمثل مصدر قلق كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common nutritional disorder.","translation":"فقر الدم الناجم عن نقص الحديد (IDA) هو اضطراب غذائي شائع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) can lead to blindness and reduced immunity.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤدي نقص فيتامين أ (VAD) إلى العمى وضعف المناعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) affect mental and physical development.","translation":"اضطرابات نقص اليود (IDD) تؤثر على النمو العقلي والجسدي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Government initiatives are crucial to address malnutrition.","translation":"مبادرات الحكومة ضرورية لمعالجة سوء التغذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"policy","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The POSHAN Abhiyaan aims to improve nutritional outcomes.","translation":"يهدف برنامج بوشان أبيهيان إلى تحسين النتائج الغذائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"policy","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Food-based strategies are sustainable and cost-effective.","translation":"الاستراتيجيات القائمة على الغذاء مستدامة وفعالة من حيث التكلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nutrient-based approaches involve supplementation.","translation":"تتضمن المقاربات القائمة على المغذيات المكملات الغذائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"ICDS is an outreach program for early childhood care.","translation":"ICDS هو برنامج توعية لرعاية الطفولة المبكرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"policy","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Health care is a fundamental human right.","translation":"الرعاية الصحية حق أساسي من حقوق الإنسان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Many food borne illnesses of unknown etiology are a global public health concern.","translation":"العديد من الأمراض المنقولة بالغذاء ذات المسببات غير المعروفة تشكل قلقًا صحيًا عامًا عالميًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India is a signatory to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) non-tariff agreement.","translation":"الهند موقعة على اتفاقية منظمة التجارة العالمية (WTO) غير التعريفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Effective food standards and control systems are required to protect food production and facilitate trade.","translation":"مطلوب معايير غذائية وأنظمة رقابة فعالة لحماية إنتاج الغذاء وتسهيل التجارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"All food manufacturers are required to meet the given standards of quality and safety.","translation":"يُطلب من جميع مصنعي الأغذية الوفاء بالمعايير المحددة للجودة والسلامة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Pollution in atmosphere, soil and water brings its share of contaminants.","translation":"التلوث في الغلاف الجوي والتربة والمياه يجلب نصيبه من الملوثات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Additives such as preservatives, colourants, and flavouring agents make food analysis imperative.","translation":"المواد المضافة مثل المواد الحافظة والملونات وعوامل النكهة تجعل تحليل الغذاء أمرًا ضروريًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There is a growing concern for safe, wholesome and nutritious foods.","translation":"هناك قلق متزايد بشأن الأطعمة الآمنة والصحية والمغذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Food safety means assurance that food is acceptable for human consumption.","translation":"سلامة الغذاء تعني التأكد من أن الغذاء مقبول للاستهلاك البشري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Toxicity is the capacity of a substance to produce harm or injury.","translation":"السمية هي قدرة المادة على إحداث ضرر أو إصابة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Hazards can be physical, chemical and biological causing harmful effects.","translation":"يمكن أن تكون المخاطر مادية وكيميائية وبيولوجية تسبب آثارًا ضارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Physical hazards include wood, stones, parts of pests, and hair.","translation":"تشمل المخاطر المادية الخشب والحجارة وأجزاء من الآفات والشعر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Chemical hazards are chemicals or deleterious substances added to foods.","translation":"المخاطر الكيميائية هي مواد كيميائية أو ضارة تضاف إلى الأطعمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Biological hazards are living organisms including microbiological organisms.","translation":"المخاطر البيولوجية هي كائنات حية وتشمل الكائنات الميكروبيولوجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Food infection results from ingestion of live pathogenic organisms.","translation":"تنتج عدوى الغذاء عن تناول كائنات مسببة للأمراض حية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Salmonella is a classic example of a food-borne pathogen.","translation":"السالمونيلا مثال كلاسيكي على مسببات الأمراض المنقولة بالغذاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Food intoxication occurs when bacteria produce harmful toxins.","translation":"يحدث التسمم الغذائي عندما تنتج البكتيريا سمومًا ضارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Parasites can also cause infestation, e.g., worm infestation in pork.","translation":"يمكن للطفيليات أيضًا أن تسبب الإصابة، على سبيل المثال، الإصابة بالديدان في لحم الخنزير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Biological hazards are an important cause of food-borne illnesses.","translation":"المخاطر البيولوجية سبب مهم للأمراض المنقولة بالغذاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Changes in eating habits and climate can allow pathogens to emerge.","translation":"يمكن أن تسمح التغييرات في عادات الأكل والمناخ بظهور مسببات الأمراض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Contamination is the presence of harmful foreign substances in food.","translation":"التلوث هو وجود مواد غريبة ضارة في الغذاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Food laws aim to protect consumers by ensuring food safety and wholesomeness.","translation":"تهدف قوانين الغذاء إلى حماية المستهلكين من خلال ضمان سلامة الأغذية وجودتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Professionals in food science need expertise in food chemistry and processing.","translation":"يحتاج المتخصصون في علوم الغذاء إلى خبرة في كيمياء الأغذية وتجهيزها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Food safety officers inspect food to ensure it meets standards.","translation":"يقوم مسؤولو سلامة الأغذية بفحص الأغذية للتأكد من أنها تلبي المعايير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Large food industries have in-house quality control units.","translation":"الصناعات الغذائية الكبيرة لديها وحدات مراقبة الجودة الداخلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Opportunities exist for food analysts and quality control managers.","translation":"توجد فرص لتحليل الأغذية ومديري مراقبة الجودة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"One can start a food safety consultancy as an entrepreneur.","translation":"يمكن للمرء أن يبدأ شركة استشارية في مجال سلامة الأغذية كرائد أعمال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Integrated approaches in curricula improve food safety knowledge.","translation":"تعمل المناهج المتكاملة على تحسين المعرفة بسلامة الأغذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Food quality and safety are global concerns.","translation":"جودة وسلامة الأغذية من الاهتمامات العالمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Food Safety and Standards Act is important.","translation":"قانون سلامة الأغذية والمعايير مهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Students examine foods for adulterants in practicals.","translation":"يقوم الطلاب بفحص الأطعمة بحثًا عن المواد المغشوشة في التدريبات العملية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Adulteration tests help identify unsafe food.","translation":"تساعد اختبارات الغش في تحديد الأطعمة غير الآمنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Different food samples are collected from various vendors.","translation":"يتم جمع عينات مختلفة من الأطعمة من موردين مختلفين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Worksheets are used to evaluate food quality.","translation":"تُستخدم أوراق العمل لتقييم جودة الأغذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The presence of hazards in food is assessed.","translation":"يتم تقييم وجود المخاطر في الغذاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Qualitative tests detect food adulteration.","translation":"تكشف الاختبارات النوعية عن غش الأغذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tests are performed on pepper, ice cream, and milk.","translation":"يتم إجراء الاختبارات على الفلفل والآيس كريم والحليب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The tests use chemicals like hydrochloric acid and iodine.","translation":"تستخدم الاختبارات مواد كيميائية مثل حمض الهيدروكلوريك واليود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The results of the tests are interpreted.","translation":"يتم تفسير نتائج الاختبارات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The quality of food items is compared.","translation":"تتم مقارنة جودة المواد الغذائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Early childhood care and education is crucial for development.","translation":"رعاية وتعليم الطفولة المبكرة أمر بالغ الأهمية للتنمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Foods are subject to physical, chemical and biological deterioration.","translation":"الأطعمة عرضة للتدهور الفيزيائي والكيميائي والبيولوجي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Food deterioration is associated with spoilage, development of off-flavors, deterioration of textures, discoloration and loss of nutritional value.","translation":"يرتبط تدهور الغذاء بالفساد، وتطور النكهات غير المرغوبة، وتدهور القوام، وتغير اللون وفقدان القيمة الغذائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A number of factors can lead to food deterioration or spoilage e.g. pests, infestation by insects, inappropriate temperatures.","translation":"يمكن لعدد من العوامل أن تؤدي إلى تدهور الغذاء أو فساده، مثل الآفات، والإصابة بالحشرات، ودرجات الحرارة غير المناسبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Food is also contaminated by micro organisms [bacteria, fungus and moulds) or chemicals such as pesticides.","translation":"يتلوث الطعام أيضًا بالكائنات الدقيقة [البكتيريا والفطريات والعفن] أو المواد الكيميائية مثل مبيدات الآفات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Food can also be spoiled due to degradation by naturally present enzymes.","translation":"يمكن أن يفسد الطعام أيضًا بسبب التحلل بواسطة الإنزيمات الموجودة بشكل طبيعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Therefore food processing and preservation are required to preserve food in edible and safe form.","translation":"لذلك، يلزم معالجة الأغذية وحفظها للحفاظ على الطعام في شكل صالح للأكل وآمن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Methods by which food is preserved from spoiling after harvesting or slaughtering date back to prehistoric times.","translation":"تعود طرق حفظ الطعام من التلف بعد الحصاد أو الذبح إلى عصور ما قبل التاريخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The oldest methods were sun drying, controlled fermentation, salting/pickling, candying, roasting, smoking, baking and using spices as preservatives.","translation":"كانت أقدم الطرق هي التجفيف بالشمس، والتخمير المتحكم فيه، والتمليح/التخليل، والتحلية، والتحميص، والتدخين، والخبز واستخدام التوابل كمواد حافظة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"These tried and tested techniques are still used although, with the advent of industrial revolution, new methods have been developed.","translation":"لا تزال هذه التقنيات المجربة والمختبرة قيد الاستخدام على الرغم من أنه مع ظهور الثورة الصناعية، تم تطوير طرق جديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Food processing incorporates and unifies the general characteristics of different classes of foods.","translation":"تدمج معالجة الأغذية وتوحد الخصائص العامة لأنواع مختلفة من الأطعمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Perishable foods are foods that spoil quickly within one or two days e.g., milk, curds, fish and meat.","translation":"الأطعمة القابلة للتلف هي الأطعمة التي تفسد بسرعة في غضون يوم أو يومين، على سبيل المثال، الحليب والزبادي والأسماك واللحوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Semi perishable foods can last for 1 – 2 weeks. Examples are fruits and vegetables.","translation":"يمكن أن تدوم الأطعمة شبه القابلة للتلف لمدة 1-2 أسابيع. الأمثلة هي الفواكه والخضروات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Non-perishable are those foods that generally last for one year e.g., grains like rice, wheat, pulses and dals, oilseeds.","translation":"غير القابلة للتلف هي تلك الأطعمة التي تدوم بشكل عام لمدة عام واحد، على سبيل المثال، الحبوب مثل الأرز والقمح والبقوليات والعدس والبذور الزيتية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Many food processing operations are designed to extend the shelf life of the food products.","translation":"تم تصميم العديد من عمليات معالجة الأغذية لإطالة العمر الافتراضي للمنتجات الغذائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The principle micro organisms that cause food spoilage are bacteria, fungi, yeasts and moulds.","translation":"الكائنات الدقيقة الرئيسية التي تسبب فساد الأغذية هي البكتيريا والفطريات والخمائر والعفن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Factors influencing microbial growth are nutrient availability, moisture, pH, oxygen levels and the presence or absence of inhibiting substances.","translation":"العوامل المؤثرة على النمو الميكروبي هي توافر العناصر الغذائية والرطوبة ودرجة الحموضة ومستويات الأكسجين ووجود أو عدم وجود مواد مثبطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The activity of enzymes inherently present in foods also depends on pH and temperature.","translation":"يعتمد نشاط الإنزيمات الموجودة في الأطعمة أيضًا على درجة الحموضة ودرجة الحرارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Processed foods can be classified on the basis of extent and type of processing.","translation":"يمكن تصنيف الأطعمة المصنعة على أساس مدى ونوع المعالجة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Minimally processed foods: These are processed as little as possible in order to retain the quality of fresh foods.","translation":"الأطعمة المعالجة بشكل ضئيل: تتم معالجتها بأقل قدر ممكن من أجل الحفاظ على جودة الأطعمة الطازجة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Food technology uses and exploits knowledge of Food Science and Food Engineering to produce varied foods.","translation":"تستخدم تكنولوجيا الغذاء وتستغل معرفة علوم الغذاء وهندسة الغذاء لإنتاج أطعمة متنوعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Day care and crèches are usually all-day programmes.","translation":"عادة ما تكون برامج الرعاية النهارية ودور الحضانة برامج ليوم كامل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Teachers and helpers in these programmes need to be especially trained for the care of very young children.","translation":"يحتاج المعلمون والمساعدون في هذه البرامج إلى تدريب خاص لرعاية الأطفال الصغار جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The child between two and three is sometimes referred to as a toddler, a term that is derived from the jumpy walk that a young child has at this age.","translation":"يشار إلى الطفل الذي يتراوح عمره بين عامين وثلاثة أعوام في بعض الأحيان باسم طفل صغير، وهو مصطلح مشتق من المشية القفزية التي يمتلكها الطفل الصغير في هذا العمر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A preschool child is so called because he or she is now ready for experiencing some sort of environment beyond that of the family (extra-familial).","translation":"يُطلق على الطفل في مرحلة ما قبل المدرسة هذا الاسم لأنه أصبح الآن مستعدًا لتجربة نوع من البيئة تتجاوز بيئة الأسرة (خارج الأسرة).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Even for this programme, a teacher needs to be specially trained as a pre-school or nursery school teacher.","translation":"حتى بالنسبة لهذا البرنامج، يحتاج المعلم إلى تدريب خاص كمعلم لمرحلة ما قبل المدرسة أو روضة الأطفال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Some pre-schools for young children are often called Montessori schools.","translation":"غالبًا ما تسمى بعض المدارس التمهيدية للأطفال الصغار بمدارس مونتيسوري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is worth mentioning that the Government of India has addressed the needs of this age grouping by offering pre-school education through the anganwadis that operate under its Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS).","translation":"تجدر الإشارة إلى أن حكومة الهند قد عالجت احتياجات هذه الفئة العمرية من خلال تقديم تعليم ما قبل المدرسة من خلال مراكز أنغانوادي التي تعمل في إطار خدمات تنمية الطفل المتكاملة (ICDS).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"There are angawadis in urban and rural areas.","translation":"هناك مراكز أنغانوادي في المناطق الحضرية والريفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The developmental psychologist Jean Piaget spent his life trying to comprehend and explain that young children have different ways of understanding the world.","translation":"أمضى عالم النفس التنموي جان بياجيه حياته في محاولة فهم وشرح أن الأطفال الصغار لديهم طرق مختلفة لفهم العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It is important to keep those details in mind in order to understand the principles of care and education of young children.","translation":"من المهم أن تضع هذه التفاصيل في الاعتبار من أجل فهم مبادئ رعاية وتعليم الأطفال الصغار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Another important principle to be kept in mind is the fact that any ECCE institution must realise the importance of the cultural context within which it operates and works along with, rather than in opposition to, the family.","translation":"مبدأ آخر مهم يجب أن يؤخذ في الاعتبار هو حقيقة أن أي مؤسسة ECCE يجب أن تدرك أهمية السياق الثقافي الذي تعمل فيه وتعمل معه، بدلاً من معارضة الأسرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"As per the NCF (2005) on ECCE, the guiding principles of ECCE are: Play as the basis for learning.","translation":"وفقًا لـ NCF (2005) بشأن ECCE، فإن المبادئ التوجيهية لـ ECCE هي: اللعب كأساس للتعلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Children at play Children enjoy painting.","translation":"الأطفال في اللعب يستمتع الأطفال بالرسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It has been mentioned earlier that since children under 6 years of age have particular ways of understanding the world and social relationships, have specific developmental needs, any adult attempting to work with children must be carefully and well trained in the field of early child development and care.","translation":"لقد ذكرنا سابقًا أنه نظرًا لأن الأطفال دون سن السادسة لديهم طرق معينة لفهم العالم والعلاقات الاجتماعية، ولديهم احتياجات تنموية محددة، يجب تدريب أي شخص بالغ يحاول العمل مع الأطفال بعناية وبشكل جيد في مجال تنمية الطفل المبكرة ورعايته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Parents would also benefit very much from knowing more about expected differences between children of the same age and also appreciate that there are individual differences.","translation":"سيستفيد الآباء أيضًا كثيرًا من معرفة المزيد عن الاختلافات المتوقعة بين الأطفال من نفس العمر، ويقدرون أيضًا وجود اختلافات فردية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thus we must understand that ALL adults in contact with children WILL, certainly benefit from a scientific understanding of development and growth leading to realistic expectations and interactions with children.","translation":"وبالتالي، يجب أن نفهم أن جميع البالغين الذين على اتصال بالأطفال سيستفيدون بالتأكيد من الفهم العلمي للتطور والنمو مما يؤدي إلى توقعات وتفاعلات واقعية مع الأطفال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Early child care professionals are responsible for children other than their own.","translation":"المتخصصون في رعاية الأطفال في سن مبكرة مسؤولون عن أطفال آخرين غير أطفالهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The activities they perform as child care professionals constitute their work and they receive formal recognition for this.","translation":"تشكل الأنشطة التي يؤدونها كمتخصصين في رعاية الأطفال عملهم ويتلقون اعترافًا رسميًا بهذا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"During preschool years, a teacher needs to keep all the above points in mind, but there is less of a requirement for supervision of physical care of preschool children, like cleaning, feeding, toilet activity since the child develops the capability to speak, to control his or her bowel and bladder movements, eat independently.","translation":"خلال سنوات ما قبل المدرسة، يحتاج المعلم إلى وضع جميع النقاط المذكورة أعلاه في الاعتبار، ولكن هناك حاجة أقل للإشراف على الرعاية الجسدية لأطفال ما قبل المدرسة، مثل التنظيف والإطعام والنشاط في المرحاض، حيث يطور الطفل القدرة على الكلام والتحكم في حركات الأمعاء والمثانة والأكل بشكل مستقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The focus is on enhancing creative expression and exploration, although these aspects are equally important in the earlier years too.","translation":"ينصب التركيز على تعزيز التعبير الإبداعي والاستكشاف، على الرغم من أن هذه الجوانب مهمة بنفس القدر في السنوات السابقة أيضًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Adverse experiences can have a lasting impact on the child’s development.","translation":"يمكن أن يكون للتجارب السلبية تأثير دائم على نمو الطفل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"All children are vulnerable, but some are more vulnerable than others.","translation":"جميع الأطفال عرضة للخطر، لكن بعضهم أكثر عرضة للخطر من غيرهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These are the children who are living in such challenging conditions and difficult circumstances that their basic needs of food, health, care and nurturance are not met.","translation":"هؤلاء هم الأطفال الذين يعيشون في مثل هذه الظروف الصعبة والظروف الصعبة التي لا يتم فيها تلبية احتياجاتهم الأساسية من الغذاء والصحة والرعاية والتغذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Box given below clearly highlights that the needs of a large proportion of child population are not met.","translation":"يسلط الصندوق الوارد أدناه الضوء بوضوح على أن احتياجات نسبة كبيرة من الأطفال لا يتم تلبيتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nearly two–thirds of children under five years of age suffer from moderate or severe malnutrition.","translation":"يعاني ما يقرب من ثلثي الأطفال دون سن الخامسة من سوء التغذية المعتدل أو الحاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Malnutrition affects development in all areas.","translation":"يؤثر سوء التغذية على النمو في جميع المجالات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"About 3 million children live on the streets without any shelter.","translation":"يعيش حوالي 3 ملايين طفل في الشوارع دون أي مأوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Only one in three children of the pre-school age has the opportunity to be in an early learning programme.","translation":"فقط واحد من كل ثلاثة أطفال في سن ما قبل المدرسة لديه الفرصة للمشاركة في برنامج تعليمي مبكر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Less than half of India’s children between ages 6 and 14 years go to school.","translation":"أقل من نصف أطفال الهند الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 6 و 14 عامًا يذهبون إلى المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A little over one-third of all children who enrol in Standard I reach Standard VIII.","translation":"يصل ما يزيد قليلاً عن ثلث جميع الأطفال الذين يلتحقون بالصف الأول إلى الصف الثامن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The others drop out of school for one or the other reason.","translation":"الآخرون يتسربون من المدرسة لسبب أو لآخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"17 million children in India work, as per official estimates.","translation":"يعمل 17 مليون طفل في الهند، وفقًا للتقديرات الرسمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The actual numbers may be even more.","translation":"قد تكون الأرقام الفعلية أكثر من ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"According to the World Bank the number may be 44 million.","translation":"وفقًا للبنك الدولي، قد يكون العدد 44 مليونًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"All children in difficult circumstances need care and protection but some may violate the law or be involved in anti-social activities.","translation":"يحتاج جميع الأطفال في الظروف الصعبة إلى الرعاية والحماية، ولكن قد ينتهك البعض القانون أو يشارك في أنشطة معادية للمجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 is the first legal framework for juvenile justice in India.","translation":"قانون رعاية وحماية الأطفال (العدالة الجنائية للأحداث)، 2000 هو الإطار القانوني الأول للعدالة الجنائية للأحداث في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"law","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Act concerns itself with two categories of children: those who are “in conflict with law” and those considered to be “in need of care and protection.”","translation":"يهتم القانون بفئتين من الأطفال: أولئك الذين هم ","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Indira Gandhi National Open University offers programs that may be of interest to you.","translation":"تقدم جامعة إنديرا غاندي الوطنية المفتوحة برامج قد تهمك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These programs can be done along with studying for a regular degree course.","translation":"يمكن إكمال هذه البرامج بالتوازي مع دراسة دورة للحصول على درجة علمية منتظمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It will be worthwhile to explore the websites of IGNOU and other State Open Universities for more details.","translation":"سيكون من المفيد استكشاف مواقع IGNOU وغيرها من الجامعات الحكومية المفتوحة للحصول على مزيد من التفاصيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Depending upon the type of program you wish to be involved with and your own inclination, the field offers a variety of possibilities.","translation":"اعتمادًا على نوع البرنامج الذي ترغب في المشاركة فيه وميولك الخاصة، يقدم المجال مجموعة متنوعة من الاحتمالات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Career avenues are shown in the box.","translation":"تظهر سبل العمل في المربع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"career","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Set up your own institution for services to any target group.","translation":"قم بإنشاء مؤسستك الخاصة لتقديم الخدمات لأي مجموعة مستهدفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"career","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Be a manager in an established institution or a program.","translation":"كن مديرًا في مؤسسة أو برنامج راسخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"career","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Be a functionary at any level/cadre.","translation":"كن موظفًا على أي مستوى / إطار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"career","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Be a researcher consulting with / assessing / evaluating existing programs and institutions.","translation":"كن باحثًا يستشير / يقيم / يقيم البرامج والمؤسسات القائمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"career","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Why are children, youth and elderly vulnerable?","translation":"لماذا الأطفال والشباب وكبار السن عرضة للخطر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What type of programs are appropriate for youth?","translation":"ما هو نوع البرامج المناسبة للشباب؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What are some of the concerns with respect to the elderly?","translation":"ما هي بعض المخاوف فيما يتعلق بكبار السن؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Describe two programs each for children, youth and elderly.","translation":"صف برنامجين لكل من الأطفال والشباب وكبار السن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What advice will you give to someone who is planning to set up her/ his own institution for children/youth/elderly?","translation":"ما هي النصيحة التي ستوجهها لشخص يخطط لإنشاء مؤسسته الخاصة للأطفال / الشباب / كبار السن؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Describe the knowledge and skills you will need in order to pursue a career in management of institutions and programs for children/ youth/elderly.","translation":"صف المعرفة والمهارات التي ستحتاجها من أجل ممارسة مهنة في إدارة المؤسسات والبرامج للأطفال / الشباب / كبار السن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"career","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In families there are people of all ages.","translation":"في العائلات هناك أناس من جميع الأعمار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"family","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A healthy, happy family is one where the needs and requirements of members of every age-group are fulfilled and each member has an important place in the family.","translation":"العائلة الصحية والسعيدة هي التي يتم فيها تلبية احتياجات ومتطلبات أفراد كل فئة عمرية ولكل فرد مكانة مهمة في الأسرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"family","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Role-play is a powerful technique to communicate these dynamics.","translation":"لعب الأدوار هو أسلوب فعال للتواصل بشأن هذه الديناميكيات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"family","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The teachers should guide the discussion with reference to the participation of the elderly in family and society, attitude and behaviour of the younger members and the well being of the family.","translation":"يجب على المعلمين توجيه المناقشة بالإشارة إلى مشاركة كبار السن في الأسرة والمجتمع، وموقف وسلوك الأعضاء الأصغر سنًا ورفاهية الأسرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"family","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Students in groups of six will be instructed to choose one theme on which they would write one poem.","translation":"سيتم توجيه الطلاب في مجموعات من ستة لاختيار موضوع واحد يكتبون عنه قصيدة واحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}

ar/Human Ecology and Family Sciences Part II-XII_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Fashion designers create designs for clothing and apparel.","translation":"يقوم مصممو الأزياء بإنشاء تصاميم للملابس والملابس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Set designers conceptualize designs for movies, television, and theater.","translation":"يقوم مصممو الديكور بوضع تصاميم للأفلام والتلفزيون والمسرح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Interior designers combine form with function to enhance a space.","translation":"يجمع مصممو الديكور الداخلي بين الشكل والوظيفة لتحسين المساحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fashion merchandising involves interpreting consumer demand.","translation":"يتضمن تسويق الأزياء تفسير طلب المستهلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A fashion figure is also known as a croquis, a rough sketch.","translation":"تُعرف شخصية الموضة أيضًا باسم الكروكي، وهي رسم تخطيطي تقريبي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The croquis is constructed using the head as the unit of measurement.","translation":"يتم بناء الكروكي باستخدام الرأس كوحدة قياس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Shoulders are the widest part of the fashion figure.","translation":"الكتفان هما أوسع جزء من شخصية الموضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The waist is the smallest part of the fashion figure.","translation":"الخصر هو أصغر جزء من شخصية الموضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Fashion figures typically have 8 ½ to 10 heads in full size.","translation":"عادة ما يكون لشخصيات الموضة 8 ½ إلى 10 رؤوس بالحجم الكامل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fabrics are used for apparel and household purposes.","translation":"تُستخدم الأقمشة في الملابس والأغراض المنزلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Special fabrics are used for industrial purposes and interiors.","translation":"تُستخدم الأقمشة الخاصة للأغراض الصناعية والديكورات الداخلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Care and maintenance of fabrics is crucial for their longevity.","translation":"العناية بالأقمشة وصيانتها أمر بالغ الأهمية لطول عمرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Laundry is both a science and an art.","translation":"الغسيل علم وفن في آن واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Washing machines come in top-loading and front-loading models.","translation":"تأتي الغسالات في طرازات التحميل العلوي والتحميل الأمامي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Fully automatic machines require no operator intervention.","translation":"لا تتطلب الآلات الأوتوماتيكية بالكامل تدخل المشغل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Semi-automatic machines need operator intervention at intervals.","translation":"تحتاج الآلات شبه الأوتوماتيكية إلى تدخل المشغل على فترات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Automatic washers control water filling and temperature.","translation":"تتحكم الغسالات الأوتوماتيكية في ملء المياه ودرجة الحرارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Agitation, pulsation, and tumbling are washing methods.","translation":"التحريك والنبض والتدوير هي طرق غسيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rinsing is an important phase in the wash cycle.","translation":"الشطف مرحلة مهمة في دورة الغسيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Spinning extracts water from clothes using centrifugal force.","translation":"يعمل الدوران على استخلاص الماء من الملابس باستخدام قوة الطرد المركزي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook is designed to inform learners about the significance and scope of each domain.","translation":"تم تصميم الكتاب المدرسي لإعلام المتعلمين بأهمية ونطاق كل مجال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This textbook takes a holistic approach to address the pertinent issues related to work and careers.","translation":"يتناول هذا الكتاب المدرسي نهجًا شاملاً لمعالجة القضايا ذات الصلة بالعمل والوظائف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Curriculum Framework recommends linking children’s life at school to their life outside the school.","translation":"يوصي إطار المنهج الوطني بربط حياة الأطفال في المدرسة بحياتهم خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We must recognize that children generate new knowledge by engaging with the information passed on to them.","translation":"يجب أن ندرك أن الأطفال يولدون معرفة جديدة من خلال التعامل مع المعلومات التي يتم تمريرها إليهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The book is based on NCERT’s resolve to reconstruct knowledge in all areas.","translation":"يعتمد الكتاب على تصميم NCERT لإعادة بناء المعرفة في جميع المجالات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Focus Group on Gender Issues in Education emphasizes the urgency of incorporating women’s perspective.","translation":"تؤكد المجموعة الوطنية المركزة على قضايا النوع الاجتماعي في التعليم على الحاجة الملحة لإدماج منظور المرأة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions which will enable us to undertake further revision.","translation":"ترحب NCERT بالتعليقات والاقتراحات التي ستمكننا من إجراء المزيد من المراجعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In view of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to reduce content load on students.","translation":"في ضوء جائحة COVID-19 ، من الضروري تقليل عبء المحتوى على الطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The NCERT has undertaken the exercise to rationalize the textbooks across all classes.","translation":"أجرت NCERT التمرين لترشيد الكتب المدرسية عبر جميع الفصول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Learning Outcomes already developed by the NCERT across classes have been taken into consideration.","translation":"تم أخذ مخرجات التعلم التي طورتها NCERT بالفعل عبر الفصول في الاعتبار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Content, which is easily accessible to students without much interventions from teachers.","translation":"المحتوى الذي يمكن للطلاب الوصول إليه بسهولة دون تدخل كبير من المعلمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This present edition, is a reformatted version after carrying out the changes given above.","translation":"هذه الطبعة الحالية هي نسخة معاد تنسيقها بعد إجراء التغييرات المذكورة أعلاه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Recall the face of the poorest and the weakest man whom you may have seen.","translation":"تذكر وجه أفقر وأضعف رجل ربما رأيته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Will it restore him to a control over his own life and destiny?","translation":"هل سيعيد له السيطرة على حياته ومصيره؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Then you will find your doubts and your self melting away.","translation":"عندئذ ستجد شكوكك وذاتك تذوب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Each of these domains have grown and matured with expanding horizons.","translation":"نما كل مجال من هذه المجالات ونضج مع توسع الآفاق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Every person is entitled to a good QOL, and this creates a demand for professionals.","translation":"يحق لكل شخص الحصول على QOL جيد ، وهذا يخلق طلبًا على المهنيين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"HEFS provides numerous avenues with interdisciplinary perspectives.","translation":"توفر HEFS العديد من السبل ذات المنظورات متعددة التخصصات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The academic fraternity, professionals working for community development are constantly interacting.","translation":"يتفاعل أعضاء الهيئ�� الأكاديمية والمهنيون الذين يعملون من أجل تنمية المجتمع باستمرار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This textbook takes a holistic approach to address the pertinent issues related to work.","translation":"يتناول هذا الكتاب المدرسي نهجًا شاملاً لمعالجة القضايا ذات الصلة بالعمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The fashion industry satisfies both the creative urge and the materialistic needs of people.","translation":"تلبي صناعة الأزياء كلاً من الدافع الإبداعي والاحتياجات المادية للناس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fashion design and merchandising are among the most exciting career options in today’s world.","translation":"تصميم الأزياء والتسويق من بين خيارات العمل الأكثر إثارة في عالم اليوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In a country like India, where textile industries have been thriving for ages, the recent boom in fashion designing has led to new prospects.","translation":"في بلد مثل الهند، حيث ازدهرت صناعات النسيج لأجيال، أدت الطفرة الأخيرة في تصميم الأزياء إلى آفاق جديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Let us understand merchandising from its origin.","translation":"دعنا نفهم التسويق من أصله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You can recall from your early history lessons that barter of products and crafts was the start of trading practices.","translation":"يمكنك أن تتذكر من دروس التاريخ المبكرة أن مقايضة المنتجات والحرف اليدوية كانت بداية الممارسات التجارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Slowly trading moved to ‘what was available was saleable’","translation":"ببطء، انتقلت التجارة إلى 'ما كان متاحًا كان قابلاً للبيع'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fashion merchandising will enable you to understand how the fashion business works.","translation":"سيمكنك تسويق الأزياء من فهم كيفية عمل تجارة الأزياء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It includes all the processes involved with producing raw material, apparel and accessories, and the retail stores that sell fashion merchandise to the public.","translation":"وهي تشمل جميع العمليات المتعلقة بإنتاج المواد الخام والملابس والإكسسوارات ومتاجر البيع بالتجزئة التي تبيع بضائع الأزياء للجمهور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Fashion merchandising equips to first respond to what, why and when a style becomes a fashion, and then helps to determine its suitability.","translation":"يزود تسويق الأزياء بالقدرة على الاستجابة أولاً لما، ولماذا، ومتى تصبح الأناقة موضة، ثم يساعد في تحديد مدى ملاءمتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"So simply put, it encompasses ‘planning, buying and selling’.","translation":"لذا ببساطة، يشمل 'التخطيط والشراء والبيع'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Fashion is a complex subject and certain words and phrases are often used to discuss various aspects of fashion.","translation":"الأزياء موضوع معقد وغالبًا ما تُستخدم كلمات وعبارات معينة لمناقشة جوانب مختلفة من الأزياء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fashion is the style or styles most popular at a given time.","translation":"الأزياء هي النمط أو الأنماط الأكثر شيوعًا في وقت معين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Style is any particular look or characteristic in apparel or accessories.","translation":"النمط هو أي مظهر أو سمة معينة في الملابس أو الإكسسوارات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Fads or short lived fashions, can come and go in a single season.","translation":"يمكن أن تأتي الموضات العابرة أو قصيرة العمر وتذهب في موسم واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Classic or styles that never become completely obsolete, but instead remain more or less accepted for an extended period.","translation":"الأنماط الكلاسيكية أو الأنماط التي لا تصبح عفا عليها الزمن تمامًا، ولكنها بدلاً من ذلك تظل مقبولة إلى حد ما لفترة طويلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Ideas from the past are often reinterpreted for today’s fashion.","translation":"غالبًا ما تُعاد تفسير الأفكار من الماضي لأزياء اليوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"France’s dominance over international fashion began in early 18 th century.","translation":"بدأت هيمنة فرنسا على الموضة العالمية في أوائل القرن الثامن عشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The invention of sewing machine turned the handcraft into an industry.","translation":"حول اختراع آلة الخياطة الحرف اليدوية إلى صناعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fashion moves in a cycle.","translation":"تتحرك الموضة في دورة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Designers interpret their research and creative ideas into apparel and then offer the new styles to the public.","translation":"يقوم المصممون بتفسير أبحاثهم وأفكارهم الإبداعية في الملابس ثم يقدمون الأنماط الجديدة للجمهور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Analysis of traditional occupations prevalent in one’s local area, their beginnings, present status and challenges faced.","translation":"تحليل المهن التقليدية السائدة في المنطقة المحلية للفرد، وبداياتها، ووضعها الحالي، والتحديات التي تواجهها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Documentation of any public/mass campaign being implemented in own area, with reference to: a. Purpose of campaign b. Focal group c. Modalities of implementation d. Stakeholders involved e. Media and methods used Comment on the relevance of the campaign.","translation":"توثيق أي حملة عامة/جماهيرية يتم تنفيذها في المنطقة الخاصة بالفرد، مع الإشارة إلى: أ. الغرض من الحملة ب. المجموعة المستهدفة ج. طرائق التنفيذ د. أصحاب المصلحة المعنيين هـ. وسائل الإعلام والأساليب المستخدمة. التعليق على أهمية الحملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Study of an integrated community based programme being implemented in own area, with reference to: a. Programme objectives b. Focal group c. Modalities of implementation d. Stakeholders involved","translation":"دراسة برنامج مجتمعي متكامل يتم تنفيذه في المنطقة الخاصة بالفرد، مع الإشارة إلى: أ. أهداف البرنامج ب. المجموعة المستهدفة ج. طرائق التنفيذ د. أصحاب المصلحة المعنيين","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Analyse gender roles, entrepreneurial opportunities and future careers and family participation.","translation":"تحليل الأدوار بين الجنسين، وفرص ريادة الأعمال والوظائف المستقبلية ومشاركة الأسرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Visit to the neighbouring areas and interviews with two adolescents and two adults regarding their perception of persons with special needs.","translation":"زيارة المناطق المجاورة وإجراء مقابلات مع مراهقين اثنين وبالغين اثنين فيما يتعلق بتصورهم للأشخاص ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Profile any one person with special needs, child or adult: to find out their diet, clothing, activities, physical and psychological needs.","translation":"إعداد ملف تعريف لأي شخص واحد من ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة، طفل أو بالغ: لمعرفة نظامه الغذائي، وملابسه، وأنشطته، واحتياجاته الجسدية والنفسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Observe and document any event in your school/ home or neighbourhood.","translation":"مراقبة وتوثيق أي حدث في مدرستك/ منزلك أو الحي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Evaluate the same with respect to: a. Relevance b. Resource availability and mobilisation c. Planning and execution of the event d. Financial implications e. Feedback from stakeholders Suggest modifications for the future.","translation":"تقييم نفس الشيء فيما يتعلق بما يلي: أ. ا��أهمية ب. توافر الموارد وتعبئتها ج. تخطيط وتنفيذ الحدث د. الآثار المالية هـ. ردود الفعل من أصحاب المصلحة اقتراح تعديلات للمستقبل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Plan and execute any event in your school.","translation":"خطط ونفذ أي حدث في مدرستك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Planning messages for nutrition, health and life skills using different modes of communication for different focal groups.","translation":"تخطيط الرسائل المتعلقة بالتغذية والصحة ومهارات الحياة باستخدام طرق اتصال مختلفة لمجموعات مركزية مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Market survey of processed foods, their packaging and label information.","translation":"دراسة استقصائية للسوق للأطعمة المصنعة وتغليفها ومعلومات الملصقات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The schools should have a fabric library, which has additions regularly.","translation":"يجب أن يكون لدى المدارس مكتبة أقمشة، يتم فيها إضافة أقمشة جديدة بانتظام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Outside sources to be included are brochures, advertisement leaflets, pattern books and the latest information from internet.","translation":"المصادر الخارجية التي يجب تضمينها هي الكتيبات ومنشورات الإعلانات وكتب الأنماط وأحدث المعلومات من الإنترنت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Brain storming with students prior to activities would bring in better flow of ideas.","translation":"العصف الذهني مع الطلاب قبل الأنشطة من شأنه أن يحقق تدفقًا أفضل للأفكار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In practicals, demonstration by the teacher is very necessary.","translation":"في التدريبات العملية، يعتبر العرض التوضيحي من قبل المعلم ضروريًا جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If possible some field trips should be organised — exhibitions, artisans at work, museums, garment production unit (even if it is at small level).","translation":"إذا أمكن، يجب تنظيم بعض الرحلات الميدانية - المعارض والحرفيين في العمل والمتاحف ووحدة إنتاج الملابس (حتى لو كانت على مستوى صغير).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The word ‘design’ is a popular contemporary term which has different connotations and meanings assigned to it.","translation":"كلمة 'تصميم' هي مصطلح معاصر شائع له دلالات ومعانٍ مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Design is not mere decoration.","translation":"التصميم ليس مجرد زخرفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A good design is more than aesthetically pleasing.","translation":"التصميم الجيد هو أكثر من مجرد إرضاء من الناحية الجمالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is the right use of materials to give what people expect in price, colour and service.","translation":"إنه الاستخدام الصحيح للمواد لإعطاء ما يتوقعه الناس من حيث السعر واللون والخدمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hues may create a jumble unless each one is in very small quantity.","translation":"قد تخلق الألوان مزيجًا فوضويًا ما لم يكن كل منها بكمية صغيرة جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Contrasting schemes can be the following: Complementary harmony refers to a harmony using two hues that lie directly opposite to one another on the Colour Wheel.","translation":"يمكن أن تكون المخططات المتناقضة كما يلي: تشير التناغم التكميلي إلى التناغم باستخدام لونين يقعان في الاتجاه المعاكس لبعضهما البعض مباشرة على عجلة الألوان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Double complementary has two pairs of complements, generally neighbours on the Colour Wheel.","translation":"التكميلي المزدوج لديه زوجان من المكملات، وعادة ما يكونون جيرانًا على عجلة الألوان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Split complementary harmony is a three color combination utilising a hue, its complement (directly across on the Colour Wheel) and neighbor.","translation":"التناغم التكميلي المنقسم هو مزيج من ثلاثة ألوان يستخدم لونًا ومكملاً له (مقابل مباشرة على عجلة الألوان) وجارًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It may also use a hue and two neighbors of its complement.","translation":"قد يستخدم أيضًا لونًا وجارين من مكملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Analogous complementary is a combination of analogous and complementary schemes, a complement selected for dominance in a group of neighbouring colours.","translation":"التكميلي المتشابه هو مزيج من المخططات المتشابهة والتكميلية، وهو مكمل تم اختياره للهيمنة في مجموعة من الألوان المجاورة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Triadic Harmony is a combination of three hues that lie equidistant from one another on the Colour Wheel.","translation":"التناغم الثلاثي هو مزيج من ثلاثة ألوان تقع على مسافات متساوية من بعضها البعض على عجلة الألوان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Collect samples of fabric, printed paper, illustrations of dresses, illustrations of interiors of rooms etc.","translation":"اجمع عينات من القماش والورق المطبوع ورسوم توضيحية للفساتين ورسوم توضيحية للديكورات الداخلية للغرف وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Analyse the colour harmonies, specifying hue, value and intensity.","translation":"قم بتحليل تناغم الألوان، مع تحديد اللون والقيمة والشدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Texture is the sensory impression of sight and touch and refers to the tactile and visual qualities of the material.","translation":"الملمس هو الانطباع الحسي للرؤية واللمس ويشير إلى الصفات اللمسية والمرئية للمادة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each material has a distinctive texture (whether textile or otherwise).","translation":"لكل مادة ملمس مميز (سواء كان نسيجًا أو غير ذلك).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Texture can be described in terms of — How it looks — shiny, dull, opaque, dense, transparent, translucent, glossy; How it behaves — hangs limp, stiff, sticking out, clinging, flowing out; How it feels — soft, crisp, harsh, smooth, rough, coarse, grainy, pebbly.","translation":"يمكن وصف الملمس من حيث — كيف يبدو — لامع، باهت، معتم، كثيف، شفاف، شبه شفاف، لامع؛ كيف يتصرف — يتدلى، صلب، يبرز، يلتصق، يتدفق للخارج؛ كيف يشعر — ناعم، مقرمش، قاس، ناعم، خشن، خشن، محبب، حصوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In the chapter ‘Fabrics Around Us’ of the Class XI book, we learnt that it is mainly the textile materials that bring texture in our daily life.","translation":"في الفصل 'الأقمشة من حولنا' من كتاب الصف الحادي عشر، تعلمنا أنه في الغالب المواد النسيجية هي التي تجلب الملمس في حياتنا اليومية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You may also recall the factors which determine the texture in textile materials.","translation":"قد تتذكر أيضًا العوامل التي تحدد الملمس في المواد النسيجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These can be summarised as — Fibre content — fibre type (natural or man-made), its length and fineness and its surface characteristics;","translation":"يمكن تلخيص هذه العوامل على النحو التالي: — محتوى الألياف — نوع الألياف (طبيعية أو من صنع الإنسان)، وطولها ونعومتها وخصائص سطحها؛","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Yarn processing and yarn type — method of processing, twist inserted during processing, fineness of the yarn and yarn type (simple, complex, novelty or textured);","translation":"معالجة الخيوط ونوع الخيوط — طريقة المعالجة، والالتواء الذي يتم إدخاله أثناء المعالجة، ونعومة الخيوط ونوع الخيوط (بسيطة أو معقدة أو جديدة أو ذات ملمس)؛","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Fabric construction technique — weaving (type of weave and its compactness), knitting, felting, braiding, lace-making etc.;","translation":"تقنية بناء القماش — النسيج (نوع النسيج وتماسكه)، والحياكة، والتلبيد، والضفائر، وصنع الدانتيل وما إلى ذلك؛","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Fabric finishes — stiffening (starching, sizing or gumming), ironing, calendaring and tentering, napping, fulling;","translation":"تشطيبات القماش — التصلب (النشا أو التحجيم أو الصمغ)، والكي، والتقويم والشد، والتمشيط، والتلبيد؛","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Surface ornamentation — tufting, flock printing, embroidery, and stitched effects.","translation":"زخرفة السطح — التفتيت، والطباعة بالقطيع، والتطريز، والتأثيرات المخيطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The main purpose of texture in dress design is to create interest and to enhance the desirable features of the person.","translation":"الغرض الرئيسي من الملمس في تصميم الفساتين هو خلق الاهتمام وتعزيز الميزات المرغوبة للشخص.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"FreshSteep in methylated spirit and wash with soap and water.","translation":"انقع في الكحول الميثيلي واغسل بالصابون والماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Same as cottonSame as cotton","translation":"نفس القطن نفس القطن","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"OldMoisten and soften by working glycerine into a stain.","translation":"رطب ونعم عن طريق وضع الجلسرين في البقعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Leave for a short while. Rinse and then wash with soap and water.","translation":"اتركه لفترة قصيرة. اشطفه ثم اغسله بالصابون والماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Steep in kerosene or turpentine. Wash with soap and warm water.","translation":"انقع في الكيروسين أو التربنتين. اغسل بالصابون والماء الدافئ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Pour boiling water through.","translation":"صب الماء المغلي من خلاله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Steep in warm water.","translation":"انقع في الماء الدافئ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Steep in dilute Borax solution (1/2 tsp to 2 cups of water)","translation":"انقع في محلول البورق المخفف (1/2 ملعقة صغيرة إلى كوبين من الماء)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Steep in warm sodium perborate solution (1 tsp-1pint)","translation":"انقع في محلول بيربورات الصوديوم الدافئ (1 ملعقة صغيرة - 1 باينت)","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Spread Borax over and pour boiling water through.","translation":"انشر البورق فوقه واسكب الماء المغلي من خلاله.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Steep in glycerine until stain is removed.","translation":"انقع في الجلسرين حتى تتم إزالة البقعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Steep in Borax Solution","translation":"انقع في محلول البورق","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Treat with dilute hydrogen peroxide.","translation":"عالج ببيروكسيد الهيدروجين المخفف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Resource Management focuses on the allocation and utilisation of human and non-human resources.","translation":"تركز إدارة الموارد على تخصيص واستخدام الموارد البشرية وغير البشرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Students are taught to appreciate the importance of Ergonomics and its applications.","translation":"يتم تعليم الطلاب تقدير أهمية بيئة العمل وتطبيقاتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"All of us aspire to have a good standard of living and quality of life.","translation":"كلنا نطمح إلى مستوى معيشة جيد ونوعية حياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"When we purchase goods or products we often need advice.","translation":"عندما نشتري سلعًا أو منتجات ، غالبًا ما نحتاج إلى المشورة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In Indian culture guests are regarded as God-like and treated accordingly.","translation":"في الثقافة الهندية ، يُنظر إلى الضيوف على أنهم مثل الله ويتم التعامل معهم وفقًا لذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"cultural","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Hospitality is the relationship between the guest and the host.","translation":"الضيافة هي العلاقة بين الضيف والمضيف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A hotel is a commercial establishment offering lodging, meals and other services to its guests.","translation":"الفندق هو مؤسسة تجارية تقدم الإقامة والوجبات والخدمات الأخرى لضيوفها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Agencies such as UNICEF and UNAIDS cooperated with Indian Railways.","translation":"تعاونت وكالات مثل اليونيسف وبرنامج الأمم المتحدة المشترك المعني بفيروس نقص المناعة البشرية/الإيدز مع السكك الحديدية الهندية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It aimed to spread information regarding primary prevention services.","translation":"كان الهدف هو نشر المعلومات المتعلقة بخدمات الوقاية الأولية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Develop an understanding of the disease to reduce stigma and discrimination.","translation":"تطوير فهم للمرض للحد من الوصم والتمييز.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Enhance people’s knowledge about preventive measures, health habits and lifestyle.","translation":"تعزيز معرفة الناس بالإجراءات الوقائية والعادات الصحية ونمط الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Many methods are used in this field.","translation":"تُستخدم العديد من الطرق في هذا المجال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Let us review some selected methods.","translation":"دعنا نراجع بعض الطرق المختارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Campaign is a combination of different communication methods.","translation":"الحملة عبارة عن مزيج من طرق الاتصال المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"communication","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is a well organised and intensive activity.","translation":"إنها نشاط منظم جيدًا ومكثف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A campaign creates public awareness and provides specific message.","translation":"تخلق الحملة وعيًا عامًا وتقدم رسالة محددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"communication","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Use of dramatics ensures attention and interest.","translation":"يضمن استخدام الدراما الانتباه والاهتمام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"communication","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It lasts in the memory of the people and stimulates action.","translation":"تستمر في ذاكرة الناس وتحفز العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It creates conducive environment for adoption of practices.","translation":"إنها تخلق بيئة مواتية لاعتماد الممارسات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Prime Minister of India launched the Swachh Bharat Mission.","translation":"أطلق رئيس وزراء الهند مهمة سواتش بهارات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The mission aimed at eliminating open defecation in rural areas.","translation":"هدفت المهمة إلى القضاء على التغوط في العراء في المناطق الريفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"sanitation","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Radio and Television are the most popular mass media.","translation":"الراديو والتلفزيون هما وسائل الإعلام الجماهيرية الأكثر شعبية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"communication","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Radio is the most accessible mass medium.","translation":"الراديو هو الوسيلة الجماهيرية الأكثر سهولة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"communication","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Radio programmes are presented in the form of news, interviews, discussions, documentaries, drama, quiz etc.","translation":"يتم تقديم البرامج الإذاعية في شكل أخبار ومقابلات ومناقشات وأفلام وثائقية و��راما واختبارات وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"communication","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Public Service Announcement (PSA) is a brief message.","translation":"إعلان الخدمة العامة (PSA) هو رسالة موجزة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"communication","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They provide information or suggestions for action.","translation":"يقدمون معلومات أو اقتراحات للعمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"communication","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Community radio has been successfully used as a people’s medium.","translation":"تم استخدام راديو المجتمع بنجاح كوسيلة للناس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"communication","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A hotel has other departments which provide support and are involved in the overall management and efficient functioning of the hotel.","translation":"الفندق لديه أقسام أخرى تقدم الدعم وتشارك في الإدارة الشاملة والتشغيل الفعال للفندق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These departments which may also be referred to as ‘back office’ departments are: Finance and Accounts, Engineering, Human Resources department, Sales and Marketing departments.","translation":"هذه الأقسام التي يمكن أن يشار إليها أيضًا باسم أقسام 'المكتب الخلفي' هي: المالية والحسابات، والهندسة، وقسم الموارد البشرية، وأقسام المبيعات والتسويق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thus, a hotel has various departments having complex relationships amongst them.","translation":"وبالتالي، يمتلك الفندق أقسامًا مختلفة لها علاقات معقدة فيما بينها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The smooth functioning of the organisation requires efficient management of man, material and other resources.","translation":"يتطلب التشغيل السلس للمنظمة إدارة فعالة للرجال والمواد والموارد الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The management functions are planning, organising, co-ordinating, staffing, directing, controlling and evaluating the use of resources in light of the goals of the institution.","translation":"وظائف الإدارة هي التخطيط والتنظيم والتنسيق والتوظيف والتوجيه والتحكم وتقييم استخدام الموارد في ضوء أهداف المؤسسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Each of these functions have been briefly discussed in the chapter on Catering Management.","translation":"تمت مناقشة كل من هذه الوظائف بإيجاز في الفصل الخاص بإدارة خدمات الطعام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The organisational structure of the hotel has a hierarchy of top management, middle management, junior management, supervisors and operations staff.","translation":"الهيكل التنظيمي للفندق لديه تسلسل هرمي للإدارة العليا والإدارة الوسطى والإدارة الدنيا والمشرفين وموظفي العمليات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are job opportunities at each of these levels in the hospitality industry.","translation":"هناك فرص عمل في كل من هذه المستويات في صناعة الضيافة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Youth form the major part of workforce.","translation":"يشكل الشباب الجزء الأكبر من القوى العاملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Hotels prefer youth because they have high energy to work for long hours, as compared to middle aged people.","translation":"تفضل الفنادق الشباب لأن لديهم طاقة عالية للعمل لساعات طويلة، مقارنة بالأشخاص في منتصف العمر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They are better informed and have better competencies through advancement in education.","translation":"هم أكثر اطلاعًا ولديهم كفاءات أفضل من خلال التقدم في التعليم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They are open to new ideas and latest technologies.","translation":"إنهم منفتحون على الأفكار الجديدة وأحدث التقنيات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They have ambition for success and earn high monetary returns.","translation":"لديهم طموح لتحقيق النجاح وكسب عوائد نقدية عالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Since hospitality industry is fast growing, there are ample opportunities for you to be absorbed in this field.","translation":"نظرًا لأن صناعة الضيافة تنمو بسرعة، فهناك فرص وفيرة لك ليتم استيعابك في هذا المجال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The fundamentals of hospitality management are applicable to hostels and large hospitals also.","translation":"تنطبق أساسيات إدارة الضيافة على بيوت الشباب والمستشفيات الكبيرة أيضًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The staff needs to be well groomed, have good hygiene, orderliness, good manners and etiquettes besides a smiling face.","translation":"يحتاج الموظفون إلى أن يكونوا مهذبين جيدًا، ويتمتعون بنظافة جيدة، ونظام، وآداب وسلوكيات جيدة بالإضافة إلى وجه مبتسم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The cheerful attitude, self discipline, courtesy, physical fitness and good communication skills along with self-confidence and multiple language skills add to the possibility of ideal front office staff.","translation":"تضيف السلوك المرح، والانضباط الذاتي، والكياسة، واللياقة البدنية ومهارات الاتصال الجيدة جنبًا إلى جنب مع الثقة بالنفس ومهارات اللغة المتعددة إلى إمكانية وجود موظفي مكتب استقبال مثاليين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Some of the other aspects to be kept in mind by the staff are a clean and neatly pressed uniform, minimum accessories and well groomed hair.","translation":"بعض الجوانب الأخرى التي يجب أن يضعها الموظفون في الاعتبار هي الزي الموحد النظيف والمكوي بعناية، والحد الأدنى من الإكسسوارات والشعر المهذب جيدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nails should be clean and properly manicured.","translation":"يجب أن تكون الأظافر نظيفة ومعتنى بها بشكل صحيح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The front office staff must be seen at their best at all times as this projects a good image not only of themselves but also of the establishments.","translation":"يجب أن يُرى موظفو مكتب الاستقبال في أفضل حالاتهم في جميع الأوقات لأن هذا يعكس صورة جيدة ليس فقط لأنفسهم ولكن أيضًا للمؤسسات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company needs to advertise its new product to increase sales.","translation":"تحتاج الشركة إلى الإعلان عن منتجها الجديد لزيادة المبيعات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Public relations professionals must maintain good relationships with the press.","translation":"يجب على المتخصصين في العلاقات العامة الحفاظ على علاقات جيدة مع الصحافة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Internal communication is vital for employee morale and organizational transparency.","translation":"التواصل الداخلي أمر حيوي لروح الموظفين وشفافية المؤسسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The PR agency prepared the annual reports and organized the stockholder meetings.","translation":"أعدت وكالة العلاقات العامة التقارير السنوية ونظمت اجتماعات المساهمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Effective decision-making is a crucial skill for managers in corporate houses.","translation":"صنع القرار الفعال هو مهارة حاسمة للمديرين في الشركات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Time management is essential for achieving goals and improving the quality of life.","translation":"إدارة الوقت ضرورية لتحقيق الأهداف وتحسين نوعية الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Stress management involves taking control of your thoughts, emotions, and schedule.","translation":"تتضمن إدارة الإجهاد السيطرة على أفكارك وعواطفك وجدولك الزمني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The company should consider the impact of its actions on the public.","translation":"يجب على الشركة أن تأخذ في الاعتبار تأثير أفعالها على الجمهور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Good public speaking and courteous phone etiquette enhance a positive image.","translation":"الخطابة الجيدة وآداب الهاتف المهذبة تعزز الصورة الإيجابية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The PR man should project the culture of the organization while disseminating information.","translation":"يجب على رجل العلاقات العامة أن يعرض ثقافة المنظمة أثناء نشر المعلومات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Journalists need news to remain in the business, and PR needs publicity.","translation":"يحتاج الصحفيون إلى الأخبار للبقاء في العمل، وتحتاج العلاقات العامة إلى الدعاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The seven principles of public relations management guide corporate communication.","translation":"المبادئ السبعة لإدارة العلاقات العامة توجه الاتصالات المؤسسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A company's true character is expressed by its people.","translation":"تُعبر شخصية الشركة الحقيقية عن طريق موظفيها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Internal communication flows in different directions within the organizational structure.","translation":"تتدفق الاتصالات الداخلية في اتجاهات مختلفة داخل الهيكل التنظيمي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"External communication enhances the creation of a positive image and brand preservation.","translation":"تعزز الاتصالات الخارجية إنشاء صورة إيجابية والحفاظ على العلامة التجارية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The message should be concise, concrete, and clear to catch the reader's attention.","translation":"يجب أن تكون الرسالة موجزة وملموسة وواضحة لجذب انتباه القارئ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Listening skills involve hearing, understanding, and responding effectively.","translation":"تتضمن مهارات الاستماع السمع والفهم والاستجابة بفعالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Interpersonal skills increase productivity by reducing conflicts in the organization.","translation":"تزيد المهارات الشخصية من الإنتاجية عن طريق تقليل النزاعات في المنظمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Negotiation skills are crucial for reaching mutually acceptable agreements.","translation":"مهارات التفاوض ضرورية للتوصل إلى اتفاقيات مقبولة للطرفين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Presentation skills are used for communicating ideas and information to a group.","translation":"تُستخدم مهارات العرض للتواصل بالأفكار والمعلومات إلى مجموعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"business","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Consumers should be honest in all their dealings and must pay for all their purchases.","translation":"يجب أن يكون المستهلكون صادقين في جميع تعاملاتهم ويجب عليهم الدفع مقابل جميع مشترياتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer affairs","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Before making a purchase, consumers should do a market survey to find out the different brands, features etc. of items available in different shops and different markets and should compare the prices.","translation":"قبل إجراء عملية شراء، يجب على المستهلكين إجراء مسح للسوق لمعرفة العلامات التجارية المختلفة والميزات وما إلى ذلك للعناصر المتوفرة في المتاجر المختلفة والأسواق المختلفة ومقارنة الأسعار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer affairs","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Consumers should feel free to choose from the variety available as per their needs and requirements.","translation":"يجب أن يشعر المستهلكون بالحرية في الاختيار من بين التشكيلة المتوفرة وفقًا لاحتياجاتهم ومتطلباتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer affairs","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"While making a purchase, s/he should read all the information given on the label/ brochure.","translation":"أثناء إجراء عملية شراء، يجب عليه قراءة جميع المعلومات الواردة على الملصق/الكتيب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer affairs","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"To be assured of quality he should buy products with standardisation marks.","translation":"لكي يطمئن إلى الجودة، يجب عليه شراء المنتجات التي تحمل علامات التوحيد القياسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer affairs","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Consumer should keep receipts and other relevant documents of purchase.","translation":"يجب على المستهلك الاحتفاظ بالإيصالات والمستندات الأخرى ذات الصلة بالشراء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer affairs","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In case of purchase of services like insurance, credit cards, bank deposits etc., s/he should read and understand all terms and conditions, liabilities, service charges etc. and make an effort to get the representative to clarify points that are not clearly written.","translation":"في حالة شراء خدمات مثل التأمين وبطاقات الائتمان والودائع المصرفية وما إلى ذلك، يجب عليه قراءة وفهم جميع الشروط والأحكام والمسؤوليات ورسوم الخدمة وما إلى ذلك وبذل جهد لجعل الممثل يوضح النقاط غير المكتوبة بوضوح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer affairs","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"S/he must have increasing awareness about various national and international consumer organisations in terms of their activities, work and understand the benefits of becoming a member of such organisations.","translation":"يجب أن يكون لديه وعي متزايد بالمنظمات الاستهلاكية الوطنية والدولية المختلفة من حيث أنشطتها وعملها وفهم فوائد أن يصبح عضوًا في مثل هذه المنظمات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer affairs","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"To be successful in the field of consumer studies you need knowledge about consumer protection mechanisms and redressal agencies but you also need soft skills like good communication and interpersonal skills, empathetic and understanding attitude, being a good listener, being creative in developing programmes, advertisements, talks etc. for consumer awareness.","translation":"لكي تنجح في مجال دراسات المستهلك، فأنت بحاجة إلى معرفة بآليات حماية المستهلك ووكالات الإنصاف، ولكنك تحتاج أيضًا إلى مهارات شخصية مثل مهارات الاتصال الجيد والمهارات الشخصية، والموقف المتعاطف والمتفهم، وكونك مستمعًا جيدًا، والإبداع في تطوير البرامج والإعلانات والمحادثات وما إلى ذلك. للتوعية الاستهلاكية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer studies","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"You should have writing skills for developing educational material for consumer education, reporting consumer tests of consumer products and a willingness to help fellow consumers and public at large.","translation":"يجب أن تتمتع بمهارات الكتابة لتطوير المواد التعليمية لتثقيف المستهلك، والإبلاغ عن اختبارات المستهلكين لمنتجات المستهلكين، والرغبة في مساعدة زملائك من المستهلكين والجمهور بشكل عام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer studies","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A person desirous of entering this field as a professional must have thorough knowledge about quality standards of various kinds of products, adulteration and detection of adulterants as well as consumer protection laws, consumer rights and responsibilities.","translation":"يجب على الشخص الراغب في دخول هذا المجال كمتخصص أن يتمتع بمعرفة شاملة بمعايير الجودة لأنواع مختلفة من المنتجات، والغش والكشف عن المواد المغشوشة، بالإضافة إلى قوانين حماية المستهلك، وحقوق المستهلك ومسؤولياته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer studies","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Several career options in the area of consumer education and protection will be open to you after pursuing courses at the under graduate and post-graduate levels.","translation":"ستكون هناك العديد من الخيارات المهنية في مجال تثقيف المستهلك وحمايته متاحة لك بعد متابعة الدورات التدريبية على المستويين الجامعي والدراسات العليا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer studies","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These programmes aim at creating an overall awareness and training on Consumer Affairs with special emphasis on Consumer Protection.","translation":"تهدف هذه البرامج إلى خلق وعي وتدريب شاملي�� بشأن شؤون المستهلك مع التركيز بشكل خاص على حماية المستهلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer studies","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One has the option of doing a degree course in B. Sc. Home Science/ B. A. Home Science, B. Sc. Family Resource Management/B. Sc. Home Management/B. Sc. Resource Management/Bachelor of Business Adminstration (B. B. A.)/Bachelor of Business studies (B. B. S.), etc.","translation":"لدى المرء خيار الحصول على دورة للحصول على درجة البكالوريوس في العلوم المنزلية/بكالوريوس الآداب في العلوم المنزلية، وبكالوريوس العلوم في إدارة الموارد الأسرية/بكالوريوس العلوم في إدارة المنزل/بكالوريوس العلوم في إدارة الموارد/بكالوريوس إدارة الأعمال (بكالوريوس إدارة الأعمال)/بكالوريوس الدراسات التجارية (بكالوريوس الدراسات التجارية)، إلخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"consumer studies","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Work in government organisations like Bureau of Indian Standards, Directorate of Marketing and Inspection, Ministry of Consumer Affairs in various decision making managerial and technical positions.","translation":"العمل في المنظمات الحكومية مثل مكتب المعايير الهندية، ومديرية التسويق والتفتيش، ووزارة شؤون المستهلك في مختلف المناصب الإدارية والفنية التي تتخذ القرار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"career options","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Work in voluntary consumer organisations for product testing, creating consumer awareness, consumer education or empowerment, publication of their magazine, etc.","translation":"العمل في منظمات المستهلكين التطوعية لاختبار المنتجات، وخلق الوعي الاستهلاكي، والتثقيف الاستهلاكي أو التمكين، ونشر مجلتهم، وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"career options","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Work with market research organisations in areas of consumer behaviour, product reach, consumer acceptance of new products, consumer feedback and suggestions.","translation":"العمل مع منظمات أبحاث السوق في مجالات سلوك المستهلك، والوصول إلى المنتج، وقبول المستهلك للمنتجات الجديدة، وردود فعل المستهلكين واقتراحاتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"career options","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Start your own consumer organisation dealing with the issues discussed in the chapter.","translation":"ابدأ منظمة المستهلك الخاصة بك التي تتعامل مع القضايا التي تمت مناقشتها في الفصل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"career options","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Work as consultants to consumer clubs being run by schools and colleges such as managing and planning their educative and outreach activities, taking up teaching assignments in schools and colleges in the area of consumer studies.","translation":"العمل كمستشارين لأندية المستهلكين التي تديرها المدارس والكليات مثل إدارة وتخطيط أنشطتهم التعليمية والتوعوية، وتولي مهام التدريس في المدارس والكليات في مجال دراسات المستهلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"career options","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"You can also function as a freelance consultant for redressal guidance through consumer courts and other alternative redressal mechanisms.","translation":"يمكنك أيضًا العمل كمستشار مستقل للحصول على إرشادات الإنصاف من خلال محاكم المستهلكين وآليات الإنصاف البديلة الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"career options","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each group should study one of the following programmes/schemes.","translation":"يجب على كل مجموعة دراسة أحد البرامج/الخطط التالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each group should prepare a file which contains the record of the programme in detail.","translation":"يجب على كل مجموعة إعداد ملف يحتوي على سجل البرنامج بالتفصيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Observe the activities that are going on and interact with the participants/beneficiaries.","translation":"راقب الأنشطة الجارية وتفاعل مع المشاركين/المستفيدين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each group should make a presentation to the class and give their comments and suggestions.","translation":"يجب على كل مجموعة تقديم عرض تقديمي للفصل وتقديم تعليقاتهم واقتراحاتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It should be ensured that students are guided to cover and understand details regarding programme objectives.","translation":"يجب التأكد من توجيه الطلاب لتغطية وفهم التفاصيل المتعلقة بأهداف البرنامج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Visit to the neighbouring areas and interviews with two adolescents and two adults regarding their perception of persons with special needs.","translation":"زيارة المناطق المجاورة وإجراء مقابلات مع مراهقين بالغين حول تصورهم للأشخاص ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Identify two adolescents and two adults in the neighbourhood and interview them.","translation":"حدد مراهقين بالغين في الحي وأجرِ معهم مقابلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You have read that one of the career options that you can take up after specialising in the Human Development stream is working with children and adults with disabilities.","translation":"لقد قرأت أن أحد الخيارات المهنية التي يمكنك اتخاذها بعد التخصص في مجال التنمية البشرية هو العمل مع الأطفال والبالغين ذوي الإعاقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This Project will help you to understand what people in general think about persons with disabilities.","translation":"سيساعدك هذا المشروع على فهم ما يفكر فيه الناس بشكل عام عن الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Talking with people may also cause you to introspect about your own beliefs and perceptions.","translation":"قد يجعلك التحدث مع الناس أيضًا تفكر في معتقداتك وتصوراتك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The adolescent’s values and beliefs regarding diversity in humanity is important as it shapes everyday interaction.","translation":"تعتبر قيم ومعتقدات المراهقين فيما يتعلق بالتنوع في الإنسانية مهمة لأنها تشكل التفاعل اليومي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Adults are also the ones who shape the attitude of children by their words and actions, directly and indirectly.","translation":"البالغون هم أيضًا الذين يشكلون سلوك الأطفال من خلال أقوالهم وأفعالهم ، بشكل مباشر وغير مباشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This means that persons with disabilities are a part of the society and we expect that most people would have some experience of interacting with people with disabilities.","translation":"هذا يعني أن الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة جزء من المجتمع ونتوقع أن يكون لدى معظم الناس بعض الخبرة في التفاعل مع الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Interview is a major method of collecting information or ‘data’ and doing this Project provides you exposure in this.","translation":"المقابلة هي طريقة رئيسية لجمع المعلومات أو 'البيانات' ويمنحك القيام بهذا المشروع التعرض لذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An interview is a conversation which is planned to some extent by the person who conducts the interview.","translation":"المقابلة هي محادثة يخطط لها إلى حد ما الشخص الذي يجري المقابلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You need to think of the questions that you will ask.","translation":"تحتاج إلى التفكير في الأسئلة التي ستطرحها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Read the relevant section in the textbook of Class XII.","translation":"اقرأ القسم ذي الصلة في كتاب الصف الثاني عشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Become familiar with the interview schedule we have provided which you will use to collect the required information for this Project.","translation":"تعرف على جدول المقابلة الذي قدمناه والذي ستستخدمه لجمع المعلومات المطلوبة لهذا المشروع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Have you met or heard about anyone with a special need or disability?","translation":"هل قابلت أو سمعت عن أي شخص لديه احتياجات خاصة أو إعاقة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Describe the problems.","translation":"صف المشاكل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}

ar/Human-Ecology-and-Family-Sciences-Part-I-XI_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,219 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"The adolescent is expected to behave in an adult-like manner.","translation":"من المتوقع أن يتصرف المراهق بطريقة تشبه البالغين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This social transformation occurs differently in different cultures.","translation":"تحدث هذه التحولات الاجتماعية بشكل مختلف في الثقافات المختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Western cultures generally emphasize independence.","translation":"بشكل عام، تؤكد الثقافات الغربية على الاستقلالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Non-western cultures focus on interdependence within the family.","translation":"تركز الثقافات غير الغربية على الاعتماد المتبادل داخل الأسرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Adolescence is accompanied by dilemmas and disagreements.","translation":"ترافق المراهقة مع معضلات وخلافات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An adolescent may rebel against being treated like a child.","translation":"قد يتمرد المراهق على معاملته كطفل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They may seek comfort as a child would.","translation":"قد يلتمسون الراحة كما يفعل الطفل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Parents may tell the adolescent to behave like a grown up.","translation":"قد يطلب الآباء من المراهق أن يتصرف كشخص بالغ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Their actions may indicate they do not think she is grown up.","translation":"قد تشير أفعالهم إلى أنهم لا يعتقدون أنها قد كبرت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This may be different for girls and boys.","translation":"قد يكون هذا مختلفًا بالنسبة للفتيات والفتيان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The adolescent experiences conflicting feelings.","translation":"يعاني المراهق من مشاعر متضاربة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They receive conflicting messages and social expectations.","translation":"يتلقون رسائل وتوقعات اجتماعية متضاربة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Family members may expect adult-like behavior in social situations.","translation":"قد يتوقع أفراد الأسرة سلوكًا يشبه سلوك البالغين في المواقف الاجتماعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"They may still think you are too young to discuss the family budget.","translation":"قد لا يزالون يعتقدون أنك صغير جدًا لمناقشة ميزانية الأسرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Individuals may respond differently to situations.","translation":"قد يستجيب الأفراد بشكل مختلف للمواقف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Conflicting expectations may interfere with integrating the self.","translation":"قد تتداخل التوقعات المتضاربة مع دمج الذات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Adolescents may experience role confusion or identity confusion.","translation":"قد يعاني المراهقون من ارتباك الأدوار أو ارتباك الهوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They may show inability to concentrate on work.","translation":"قد يظهرون عدم القدرة على التركيز في العمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Difficulties are a normal part of development.","translation":"الصعوبات جزء طبيعي من النمو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The feeling of identity crisis arises when there is a gap.","translation":"تنشأ مشاعر أزمة الهوية عندما تكون هناك فجوة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Note what the range is for each of the above measurements of the body in your group.","translation":"لاحظ ما هو النطاق لكل من قياسات الجسم المذكورة أعلاه في مجموعتك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For example, weight in your group ranges from ......kgs to .....kgs.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، يتراوح الوزن في مجموعتك من ...... كجم إلى ..... كجم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Note the range for age of menarche and the range during which growth of beard and change in voice takes place.","translation":"لاحظ نطاق عمر الحيض ونطاق الفترة التي يحدث فيها نمو اللحية وتغير الصوت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Correlate the size of ready-made garments you purchase with your measurement.","translation":"اربط حجم الملابس الجاهزة التي تشتريها بقياسك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Making a record of your emotions experienced during a day.","translation":"تسجيل لمشاعرك التي اختبرتها خلال يوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Reflecting on the reasons for experiencing the emotions.","translation":"التفكير في أسباب تجربة هذه المشاعر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Identifying ways of handling them.","translation":"تحديد طرق التعامل معها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We all experience a variety of emotions each day and these influence the way we respond to situations.","translation":"نحن جميعًا نختبر مجموعة متنوعة من المشاعر كل يوم، وهذه تؤثر على الطريقة التي نرد بها على المواقف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Being more aware of our emotions and the reasons for feeling the way we do, can help us to manage them better and respond appropriately to situations.","translation":"إن الوعي بمشاعرنا وأسباب شعورنا بالطريقة التي نشعر بها، يمكن أن يساعدنا على إدارتها بشكل أفضل والاستجابة بشكل مناسب للمواقف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Identify a particular day and bring to your awareness the emotions you experience since morning during that day.","translation":"حدد يومًا معينًا وقم بإحضار المشاعر التي تختبرها منذ الصباح خلال ذلك اليوم إلى وعيك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Keep a notepad and pen with you and record the emotion, the context situation and the reason for the emotion as soon as you become aware of it.","translation":"احتفظ بمفكرة وقلم معك وسجل المشاعر، وسياق الموقف، وسبب المشاعر بمجرد أن تصبح على دراية بها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Whether similar emotions were experienced by other group members?","translation":"هل اختبر أعضاء المجموعة الآخرون مشاعر مماثلة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The common features in the various situations that lead to the group members experiencing these emotions.","translation":"الميزات المشتركة في المواقف المختلفة التي تؤدي إلى تجربة أعضاء المجموعة لهذه المشاعر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Whether each person handled the emotions appropriately?","translation":"هل تعامل كل شخص مع المشاعر بشكل مناسب؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Could there have been alternate ways of handling the emotions?","translation":"هل كان من الممكن أن تكون هناك طرق بديلة للتعامل مع المشاعر؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The growth rate speeds up dramatically.","translation":"تتسارع معدلات النمو بشكل كبير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This growth spurt occurs due to the activity of hormones that affect every organ of the body and this makes healthy eating very important.","translation":"يحدث هذا النمو المفاجئ بسبب نشاط الهرمونات التي تؤثر على كل عضو من أعضاء الجسم وهذا يجعل الأكل الصحي مهمًا جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The nutrient needs rise throughout childhood, peak in adolescence and then level off or even diminish as the teenager becomes an adult.","translation":"ترتفع احتياجات المغذيات طوال فترة الطفولة، وتبلغ ذروتها في فترة المراهقة، ثم تستقر أو حتى تتضاءل عندما يصبح المراهق بالغًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The saying ‘‘You are what you eat” seems to be proven true.","translation":"يبدو أن القول ","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We need to cover this gap in order to achieve our goal.","translation":"نحن بحاجة إلى سد هذه الفجوة من أجل تحقيق هدفنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Answering this question will help you to decide how to cover this gap.","translation":"الإجابة على هذا السؤال ستساعدك على تحديد كيفية سد هذه الفجوة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This involves making a plan to achieve goals.","translation":"هذا يتضمن وضع خطة لتحقيق الأهداف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"What is your present situation?","translation":"ما هي وضعك الحالي؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Where do we want to reach?","translation":"إلى أين نريد أن نصل؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How can we reach the desired goals?","translation":"كيف يمكننا الوصول إلى الأهداف المرجوة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The basic steps in planning are– 1. Identifying the problem 2. Identifying different alternatives 3. Choosing between alternatives 4. Acting to carry out the plan/Putting the plan into action 5. Accepting the consequences","translation":"الخطوات الأساسية في التخطيط هي– 1. تحديد المشكلة 2. تحديد البدائل المختلفة 3. الاختيار بين البدائل 4. العمل على تنفيذ الخطة/وضع الخطة موضع التنفيذ 5. قبول العواقب","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For example, there is only one month left for your annual examination and you have not completed your revision (present situation); your aim is to score good marks (goal).","translation":"على سبيل المثال، لم يتبق سوى شهر واحد لامتحانك السنوي ولم تكمل مراجعتك (الوضع الحالي)؛ هدفك هو الحصول على درجات جيدة (الهدف).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"To achieve this goal you need to study five subjects in the specified time period (gap).","translation":"لتحقيق هذا الهدف، تحتاج إلى دراسة خمس مواد في الفترة الزمنية المحددة (الفجوة).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You would think of a way of achieving this goal (prepare a plan of action), which will include the number of hours you will devote to each subject, prioritising subjects, curtailing other activities and so on.","translation":"ستفكر في طريقة لتحقيق هذا الهدف (إعداد خطة عمل)، والتي ستشمل عدد الساعات التي ستخصصها لكل مادة، وتحديد أولويات المواد، وتقليص الأنشطة الأخرى وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"List the resources you would need in order to secure good marks and study well.","translation":"اذكر الموارد التي ستحتاجها من أجل الحصول على درجات جيدة والدراسة بشكل جيد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is collecting and arranging appropriate resources in order to implement plans in an effective and efficient manner.","translation":"إنها عملية جمع وترتيب الموارد المناسبة من أجل تنفيذ الخطط بطريقة فعالة وذات كفاءة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Some resources could include books, notes, space to study, light, stationery, energy and time.","translation":"يمكن أن تشمل بعض الموارد الكتب والملاحظات ومساحة للدراسة والضوء والأدوات المكتبية والطاقة والوقت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This stage involves carrying out the prepared plan.","translation":"تتضمن هذه المرحلة تنفيذ الخطة المعدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Controlling helps monitor the outcome of activities and makes sure that the plans are being implemented correctly.","translation":"تساعد المراقبة في مراقبة نتائج الأنشطة والتأكد من تنفيذ الخطط بشكل صحيح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Feedback helps you to revise your plan of action so you can achieve your goal.","translation":"تساعدك الملاحظات على مراجعة خطة عملك حتى تتمكن من تحقيق هدفك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Therefore, while you are putting your study plan into action, yet you are unable to complete your allotted chapter because you watch television, this gives you the feedback that you need to minimise your distractions.","translation":"لذلك، بينما تضع خطة دراستك موضع التنفيذ، إلا أنك غير قادر على إكمال الفصل المخصص لك لأنك تشاهد التلفزيون، وهذا يمنحك الملاحظات التي تحتاجها لتقليل عوامل التشتيت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In the final stage, the outcomes that you have arrived at after putting your plan into action are evaluated.","translation":"في المرحلة النهائية، يتم تقييم النتائج التي توصلت إليها بعد وضع خطتك موضع التنفيذ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The end result of the task is compared with the desired result.","translation":"تتم مقارنة النتيجة النهائية للمهمة بالنتيجة المرجوة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"All the limitations and the strengths of the task are noted so that they can be used in future to achieve one’s goals effectively.","translation":"يتم تدوين جميع القيود ونقاط القوة في المهمة بحيث يمكن استخدامها في المستقبل لتحقيق أهداف المرء بفعالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Adopt a healthy lifestyle that incorporates sound eating habits and regular exercise.","translation":"اعتمد نمط حياة صحي يتضمن عادات أكل سليمة وممارسة التمارين الرياضية بانتظام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Eating behavior is one of the mediums through which individuality may be expressed by adolescents.","translation":"يعتبر سلوك الأكل أحد الوسائل التي يمكن من خلالها للمراهقين التعبير عن فرديتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thus, rejection of routine home food (which may be healthy) and eating outside (not so healthy), sometimes in order to conform to peer preferences, is not uncommon in adolescence.","translation":"وبالتالي، فإن رفض الطعام المنزلي الروتيني (الذي قد يكون صحيًا) وتناول الطعام في الخارج (غير صحي إلى حد ما)، في بعض الأحيان من أجل التوافق مع تفضيلات الأقران، ليس أمرًا غير معتاد في فترة المراهقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Limiting television viewing: Television viewing should be limited to about one or two hours each day (this includes playing video games or using the computer).","translation":"الحد من مشاهدة التلفزيون: يجب أن تقتصر مشاهدة التلفزيون على حوالي ساعة أو ساعتين كل يوم (وهذا يشمل لعب ألعاب الفيديو أو استخدام الكمبيوتر).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Eat three balanced meals of average size each day, plus two nutritious snacks.","translation":"تناول ثلاث وجبات متوازنة ذات حجم متوسط ​​كل يوم، بالإضافة إلى وجبتين خفيفتين مغذيتين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Snacks should be limited to two each day and they can include low calorie foods, such as raw fruits or vegetables.","translation":"يجب أن تقتصر الوجبات الخفيفة على وجبتين كل يوم ويمكن أن تشمل الأطعمة منخفضة السعرات الحرارية، مثل الفواكه أو الخضروات النيئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Avoid using high calorie or high fat foods for snacks, especially potato chips, biscuits and fried foods.","translation":"تجنب استخدام الأطعمة عالية السعرات الحرارية أو عالية الدهون للوجبات الخفيفة، وخاصة رقائق البطاطس والبسكويت والأطعمة المقلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Drinking four to six glasses of water each day, especially before meals is a good habit.","translation":"شرب أربعة إلى ستة أكواب من الماء كل يوم، خاصة قبل الوجبات، عادة جيدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Avoid drinking soft drinks and fruit juices too frequently, as they are high in energy (150-170 calories per serving).","translation":"تجنب شرب المشروبات الغازية وعصائر الفاكهة بشكل متكرر، لأنها غنية بالطاقة (150-170 سعرة حرارية لكل وجبة).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It helps to keep a weekly journal of food and beverage intake and also of the amount of time that is spent in watching television, playing video games and exercising.","translation":"يساعد في الاحتفاظ بمجلة أسبوعية لتناول الطعام والشراب وأيضًا لكمية الوقت التي يتم قضاؤها في مشاهدة التلفزيون ولعب ألعاب الفيديو وممارسة الرياضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Participating in extra- curricular activities such as sports helps to keep activity levels high.","translation":"المشاركة في الأنشطة اللامنهجية مثل الرياضة تساعد في الحفاظ على مستويات النشاط عالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Walk or ride a bicycle for short distances.","translation":"المشي أو ركوب الدراجة لمسافات قصيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Do regular exercise for 20-30 minutes, 3-4 times each week.","translation":"مارس التمارين الرياضية بانتظام لمدة 20-30 دقيقة، 3-4 مرات في الأسبوع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Substance use and abuse in adolescence is a public health problem of major significance and concern.","translation":"إن تعاطي وإساءة استخدام المواد في فترة المراهقة يمثل مشكلة صحية عامة ذات أهمية وقلق كبيرين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The abuse of drugs and alcohol has a harmful effect on the nutrition and health status of adolescents.","translation":"إن إساءة استخدام المخدرات والكحول لها تأثير ضار على التغذية والحالة الصحية للمراهقين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rural girls and boys are often engaged in agricultural tasks.","translation":"غالبًا ما تشارك الفتيات والفتيان الريفيون في المهام الزراعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Girls in particular are known to be anaemic (low iron in blood) and require iron rich foods to be healthy.","translation":"من المعروف أن الفتيات على وجه الخصوص يعانين من فقر الدم (انخفاض نسبة الحديد في الدم) ويتطلبون أطعمة غنية بالحديد ليكونوا بصحة جيدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Anemia afflicts an estimated two billion people worldwide, mostly due to iron deficiency.","translation":"يصيب فقر الدم ما يقدر بنحو ملياري شخص في جميع أنحاء العالم، ويرجع ذلك في الغالب إلى نقص الحديد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Adolescence is an opportune time for interventions to address anaemia.","translation":"المراهقة هي وقت مناسب للتدخلات لمعالجة فقر الدم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"By the time a person reaches adolescence the influences on eating habits are numerous and the formation of those habits is extremely complex.","translation":"بحلول الوقت الذي يصل فيه الشخص إلى سن المراهقة، تكون التأثيرات على عادات الأكل عديدة وتكوين هذه العادات معقد للغاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The dictionary explains the term ‘ecology’ in two ways.","translation":"يشرح القاموس مصطلح 'علم البيئة' بطريقتين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Borrowing from biology, in our context, the ‘living organism’ is the human being.","translation":"بالاستعارة من علم الأحياء، في سياقنا، 'الكائن الحي' هو الإنسان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Through this subject you will be studying about human beings in relation to their environment.","translation":"من خلال هذا الموضوع، ستدرس عن البشر فيما يتعلق ببيئتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Additionally, there will be a study of dynamic relationships that children, adolescents and adults have with the various physical, economic, social and psychological elements in their ecology.","translation":"بالإضافة إلى ذلك، ستكون هناك دراسة للعلاقات الديناميكية التي تربط الأطفال والمراهقين والبالغين بالعناصر المادية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والنفسية المختلفة في بيئتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"As you would agree, the family is central in most individuals’ lives.","translation":"كما تتفقون، فإن الأسرة مركزية في حياة معظم الأفراد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is within the family that children are nurtured, so that they develop and acquire independent identities as adults.","translation":"داخل الأسرة يتم رعاية الأطفال، بحيث يتطورون ويكتسبون هويات مستقلة كبالغين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"While studying this subject, the students will be guided in understanding the individual in the context of the family, which in turn is a critical social unit of society.","translation":"أثناء دراسة هذا الموضوع، سيتم توجيه الطلاب لفهم الفرد في سياق الأسرة، والتي بدورها وحدة اجتماعية حاسمة في المجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"‘Human Ecology and Family Sciences’ follows an integrated approach in the teaching- learning process.","translation":"تتبع 'علم البيئة البشرية وعلوم الأسرة' نهجًا متكاملًا في عملية التعليم والتعلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"More importantly it deals with the interaction of human beings as members of their families and the society with the environment.","translation":"والأهم من ذلك أنه يتعامل مع تفاعل البشر كأعضاء في أسرهم والمجتمع مع البيئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This forms a synergistic relationship with their ecology, which amalgamates within it physical, psychological, socio- cultural and economic resources.","translation":"يشكل هذا علاقة تآزرية مع بيئتهم، والتي تدمج بداخلها الموارد المادية والنفسية والاجتماعية والثقافية والاقتصادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In the Class XI curriculum, you would notice that particular attention has been paid to the stage of adolescence, as this period is known to be a turning point in one’s life.","translation":"في منهج الصف الحادي عشر، ستلاحظ أنه تم إيلاء اهتمام خاص لمرحلة المراهقة، حيث تُعرف هذه الفترة بأنها نقطة تحول في حياة المرء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Thus, you will study how adolescents develop an understanding of themselves, and what role food and other resources, fabric and clothing, as well as communications play in their lives.","translation":"وبالتالي، ستدرس كيف يطور المراهقون فهمًا لأنفسهم، وما هو الدور الذي يلعبه الطعام والموارد الأخرى والنسيج والملابس، بالإضافة إلى الاتصالات في حياتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A subject close to HEFS, though not exactly like it, is Home Science.","translation":"موضوع قريب من HEFS، على الرغم من أنه ليس مثله تمامًا، هو علم الاقتصاد المنزلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It has been taught under this title at both the higher secondary and university levels in different parts of the country.","translation":"تم تدريسه تحت هذا العنوان في كل من المستويات الثانوية العليا والجامعية في أجزاء مختلفة من البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"With changing times, many disciplines of study have taken new forms and assumed a more contemporary nomenclature.","translation":"مع تغير الأوقات، اتخذت العديد من التخصصات الدراسية أشكالًا جديدة واعتمدت تسمية أكثر حداثة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There was a need to modernise the content of Home Science at the school level, and give it a title that would release it from being associated mainly with the home and with the tasks traditionally done by girls and women.","translation":"كانت هناك حاجة لتحديث محتوى علم الاقتصاد المنزلي على مستوى المدرسة، وإعطائه عنوانًا يحرره من الارتباط بشكل أساسي بالمنزل والمهام التي تقوم بها الفتيات والنساء تقليديًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Here, a brief history of the evolution of Human Ecology and Family Sciences from the field of Home Science in India would be in order.","translation":"هنا، سيكون من المناسب تقديم تاريخ موجز لتطور علم البيئة البشرية وعلوم الأسرة من مجال علم الاقتصاد المنزلي في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In the early 20th century there were many institutions in different parts of the country that had introduced courses in Foods and Nutrition, Clothing and Textiles, as well as Extension Education.","translation":"في أوائل القرن العشرين، كانت هناك العديد من المؤسسات في أجزاء مختلفة من البلاد التي قدمت دورات في الأطعمة والتغذية والملابس والمنسوجات، بالإضافة إلى التعليم الإرشادي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"These different disciplines were brought under the rubric of Home Science in 1932, when an institution by the name of Lady Irwin College was set up in Delhi to promote women’s education.","translation":"تم جمع هذه التخصصات المختلفة تحت عنوان علم الاقتصاد المنزلي في عام 1932، عندما تم إنشاء مؤسسة باسم كلية السيدة إيروين في دلهي لتعزيز تعليم المرأة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The goal was to serve the home and society with equal resolve, so as to remove social and educational inequalities that prevented women from reaching their potential.","translation":"كان الهدف هو خدمة المنزل والمجتمع بنفس العزم، وذلك لإزالة أوجه عدم المساواة الاجتماعية والتعليمية التي منعت المرأة من الوصول إلى إمكاناتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Cotton is the most widely used fibre for apparel and home textiles.","translation":"القطن هو الليف الأكثر استخدامًا للملابس والمنسوجات المنزلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"India is the first country where cotton was grown and used.","translation":"الهند هي أول دولة تمت فيها زراعة القطن واستخدامه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Cotton fibres are obtained from the seed pod of the cotton plant.","translation":"يتم الحصول على ألياف القطن من جراب بذور نبات القطن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each seed has a large number of hair attached to it.","translation":"كل بذرة بها عدد كبير من الشعر متصل بها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"When the seeds ripen the pod bursts open.","translation":"عندما تنضج البذور، ينفتح الجراب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The seeds are separated from the fibres by a process called ginning.","translation":"يتم فصل البذور عن الألياف بعملية تسمى التيلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cotton has good moisture absorbency and it also dries easily.","translation":"يتمتع القطن بقدرة جيدة على امتصاص الرطوبة، كما أنه يجف بسهولة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Linen is a bast fibre, obtained from the stems of the flax plant.","translation":"الكتان هو ليف لحائي، يتم الحصول عليه من سيقان نبات الكتان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The term bast means the fleshy part inside the bark.","translation":"يشير مصطلح اللحاء إلى الجزء اللحمي داخل اللحاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Wool is obtained from sheep hair.","translation":"يتم الحصول على الصوف من شعر الأغنام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Different breed of sheep provide different types of hair.","translation":"توفر سلالات الأغنام المختلفة أنواعًا مختلفة من الشعر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Removal of hair from the animal is called shearing.","translation":"إزالة الشعر من الحيوان تسمى القص.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Wool has surface scales which are water repellant in nature.","translation":"يحتوي الصوف على قشور سطحية طاردة للماء بطبيعتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Silk is a natural filament fibre produced by the secretion of silk worms.","translation":"الحرير هو ليف خيوط طبيعي ينتج عن إفراز ديدان الحرير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If silk is produced in controlled conditions, it is smooth.","translation":"إذا تم إنتاج الحرير في ظروف خاضعة للرقابة، فإنه يكون ناعمًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Chinese kept the art of producing silk a secret for over 2000 years.","translation":"حافظ الصينيون على سر إنتاج الحرير لأكثر من 2000 عام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Silk is one of the stronger fibres used in making fabrics.","translation":"الحرير هو أحد الألياف الأقوى المستخدمة في صناعة الأقمشة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Rayon is a manufactured cellulosic fibre.","translation":"الرايون هو ليف سليلوزي مصنع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Nylon was the first true synthetic fibre to be manufactured.","translation":"النايلون هو أول ليف صناعي حقيقي يتم تصنيعه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Polyester is another manufactured synthetic fibre.","translation":"البوليستر هو ليف صناعي مصنع آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The SMCRE model shows the complete process of communication and the elements involved in it.","translation":"يوضح نموذج SMCRE عملية الاتصال الكاملة والعناصر المتضمنة فيها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"She/he is the key factor responsible for the effectiveness of the whole communication process.","translation":"هو/هي العامل الرئيسي المسؤول عن فعالية عملية الاتصال بأكملها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A good message should be simple yet appealing and clear.","translation":"يجب أن تكون الرسالة الجيدة بسيطة وجذابة وواضحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Face-to-face, word-of-mouth is the simplest and one of the most effective means of communication.","translation":"التواصل وجهاً لوجه، والتواصل الشفهي هو أبسط وأحد أكثر وسائل الاتصال فعالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Collect one news story or a campaign or a social message from any two media such as radio, print or TV.","translation":"اجمع قصة إخبارية واحدة أو حملة أو رسالة اجتماعية من أي وسيلتين إعلاميتين مثل الراديو أو الصحف أو التلفزيون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Identify the possible sources of information in villages/rural areas.","translation":"حدد المصادر المحتملة للمعلومات في القرى/المناطق الريفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Find out any one traditional method which tribal and/or rural people in the country use to make important announcements in their areas.","translation":"اكتشف أي طريقة تقليدية يستخدمها الأشخاص القبليون و/أو الريفيون في البلاد لإجراء إعلانات مهمة في مناطقهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Mass media is always meant for heterogeneous, anonymous and large audience groups.","translation":"وسائل الإعلام الجماهيرية مخصصة دائمًا لمجموعات جمهور غير متجانسة ومجهولة وكبيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Traditional media: Till very recently most rural extension work was completely dependent on traditional media such as fairs and radio.","translation":"الوسائل الإعلامية التقليدية: حتى وقت قريب جدًا، كان معظم العمل الإرشادي الريفي يعتمد كليًا على الوسائل الإعلامية التقليدية مثل المعارض والراديو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Examples of other traditional folk media are puppetry, folk dances, folk theatre, oral literature, fairs and festivals, rituals and symbols, print media such as charts, posters, newspapers, magazines, and other local publications from ancient times.","translation":"أمثلة على وسائل الإعلام الشعبية التقليدية الأخرى هي الدمى والرقصات الشعبية والمسرح الشعبي والأدب الشفوي والمعارض والمهرجانات والطقوس والرموز ووسائل الإعلام المطبوعة مثل الرسوم البيانية والملصقات والصحف و��لمجلات والمنشورات المحلية الأخرى من العصور القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"With changing times it became apparent that traditional communication media were neither sufficient nor well-equipped to meet the diverse information needs of the modern audiences.","translation":"مع تغير الأوقات، أصبح من الواضح أن وسائل الإعلام الاتصالية التقليدية لم تكن كافية ولا مجهزة جيدًا لتلبية احتياجات المعلومات المتنوعة للجمهور الحديث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"New communication technologies, such as the mobile phone, are emerging with exciting features that have improved the quality and capacity of broadcast.","translation":"تظهر تقنيات الاتصال الجديدة، مثل الهاتف المحمول، بميزات مثيرة أدت إلى تحسين جودة وقدرة البث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The availability of and access to computers, particularly the internet facility, has ushered a completely new era of communication media.","translation":"أدى توفر أجهزة الكمبيوتر والوصول إليها، وخاصة خدمة الإنترنت، إلى بدء حقبة جديدة تمامًا من وسائل الإعلام الاتصالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It includes both, providing information and information exchange.","translation":"وهي تشمل كلاً من توفير المعلومات وتبادلها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Suitable communication media can be used to persuade an audience to accept an idea.","translation":"يمكن استخدام وسائل الإعلام الاتصالية المناسبة لإقناع الجمهور بقبول فكرة ما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Even for educational purposes media is used in an entertaining form to make learning easy and interesting.","translation":"حتى للأغراض التعليمية، تُستخدم وسائل الإعلام في شكل ترفيهي لجعل التعلم سهلاً وممتعًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Use of communication media, particularly pictographic presentations, and facts and figures make many difficult and complicated concepts easy to understand.","translation":"استخدام وسائل الإعلام الاتصالية، وخاصة العروض التصويرية، والحقائق والأرقام يجعل العديد من المفاهيم الصعبة والمعقدة سهلة الفهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Media is expected to foster development of a healthy society by the transmission of wholesome values.","translation":"من المتوقع أن تعمل وسائل الإعلام على تعزيز تنمية مجتمع صحي من خلال نقل القيم السليمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Communication technology refers to various technologies developed and used to handle information and aid communication.","translation":"تشير تكنولوجيا الاتصالات إلى التقنيات المختلفة التي تم تطويرها واستخدامها للتعامل مع المعلومات والمساعدة في الاتصال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Radio commands a universal audience by geographical spread, income, education, age, sex and religion.","translation":"تأمر الإذاعة جمهورًا عالميًا من خلال الانتشار الجغرافي والدخل والتعليم والعمر والجنس والدين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Are you able to complete your highest priority tasks during the day?","translation":"هل أنت قادر على إنجاز مهامك ذات الأولوية القصوى خلال اليوم؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do you keep separate time for planning and scheduling?","translation":"هل تخصص وقتًا منفصلاً للتخطيط والجدولة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"How often are you able to work without distractions and interruptions?","translation":"كم مرة تستطيع العمل دون تشتيت وانقطاع؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do you do goal setting to help you decide the various tasks you would work on?","translation":"هل تضع أهدافًا لمساعدتك على تحديد المهام المختلفة التي ستعمل عليها؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do you keep extra time margin in your schedule to deal with ‘the unexpected’?","translation":"هل تحتفظ بهامش زمني إضافي في جدولك للتعامل مع 'غير المتوقع'؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do you prioritise the importance of any new assignment given?","translation":"هل تعطي الأولوية لأهمية أي مهمة جديدة تُعطى لك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Are you able to complete your task without being pressured by deadlines and commitments?","translation":"هل أنت قادر على إكمال مهمتك دون أن تضغط عليك المواعيد النهائية والالتزامات؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Are you able to work effectively on important tasks because of distractions?","translation":"هل أنت قادر على العمل بفعالية على المهام الهامة بسبب المشتتات؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do you prepare a “To do” list or an action programme before carrying out the tasks?","translation":"هل تقوم بإعداد قائمة 'المهام' أو برنامج عمل قبل تنفيذ المهام؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do you consult persons with experience before setting priorities for a given task?","translation":"هل تستشير الأشخاص ذوي الخبرة قبل تحديد الأولويات لمهمة معينة؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do you consider whether the task would be worth the time put in, before you start your task?","translation":"هل تفكر فيما إذا كانت المهمة تستحق الوقت الذي تقضيه فيها، قبل أن تبدأ مهمتك؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Start your work as quickly as possible. Do not waste time in avoiding or delaying the task.","translation":"ابدأ عملك بأسرع ما يمكن. لا تضيع الوقت في تجنب المهمة أو تأخيرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Get into a routine every day. Choose a time to accomplish certain tasks, such as completing school work, doing household chores; and then stick to the routine activities.","translation":"ادخل في روتين كل يوم. اختر وقتًا لإنجاز مهام معينة، مثل إكمال العمل المدرسي، والقيام بالأعمال المنزلية؛ ثم التزم بالأنشطة الروتينية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Prioritise your tasks. Before picking up any new task make sure it does not impact the already existing activities.","translation":"حدد أولويات مهامك. قبل البدء في أي مهمة جديدة، تأكد من أنها لا تؤثر على الأنشطة الموجودة بالفعل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Do not commit yourself to unimportant and low priority tasks. Learn to say ‘No’.","translation":"لا تلتزم بالمهام غير الهامة وذات الأولوية المنخفضة. تعلم أن تقول 'لا'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Divide the big tasks into a series of small manageable activities.","translation":"قسّم المهام الكبيرة إلى سلسلة من الأنشطة الصغيرة القابلة للإدارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Do not waste energy and time on tasks which do not need much attention.","translation":"لا تضيع الطاقة والوقت في المهام التي لا تحتاج إلى الكثير من الاهتمام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Make a schedule of your activities and tasks. This will help to effectively manage time allocated to each task.","translation":"ضع جدولًا لأنشطتك ومهامك. سيساعدك هذا على إدارة الوقت المخصص لكل مهمة بشكل فعال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Time plans are made according to the individual needs of a person. Every individual has different goals and requirements, and therefore, a different routine.","translation":"يتم وضع خطط الوقت وفقًا للاحتياجات الفردية للشخص. لكل فرد أهداف ومتطلبات مختلفة، وبالتالي، روتين مختلف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Create a simple “To Do” list It helps you to identify the activities, reasons for doing them and a timeline for completing them.","translation":"قم بإنشاء قائمة 'المهام' بسيطة. يساعدك ذلك على تحديد الأنشطة وأسباب القيام بها والجدول الزمني لإكمالها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Health care consists of all the various services provided to individuals or communities by agents of health services or professions for the purpose of promoting, maintaining, monitoring or restoring health.","translation":"تتكون الرعاية الصحية من جميع الخدمات المختلفة المقدمة للأفراد أو المجتمعات من قبل وكلاء الخدمات الصحية أو المهن بغرض تعزيز الصحة أو الحفاظ عليها أو مراقبتها أو استعادتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Good nutrition enables the person to enjoy good health, resist infection, have adequate energy levels and perform daily tasks without feeling fatigued.","translation":"تمكن التغذية الجيدة الشخص من التمتع بصحة جيدة، ومقاومة العدوى، والحصول على مستويات طاقة كافية، وأداء المهام اليومية دون الشعور بالتعب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In case of children and adolescents, nutrition is vital for their growth, mental development and achieving their potential.","translation":"في حالة الأطفال والمراهقين، تعتبر التغذية ضرورية لنموهم وتطورهم العقلي وتحقيق إمكاناتهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For adults, adequate nutrition is crucial to lead a socially and economically productive and healthy life.","translation":"بالنسبة للبالغين، تعتبر التغذية الكافية أمرًا بالغ الأهمية لقيادة حياة منتجة وصحية اجتماعيًا واقتصاديًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"During illness, nutrient requirements increase, and breakdown of nutrients are higher.","translation":"أثناء المرض، تزداد متطلبات المغذيات، ويكون انهيار المغذيات أعلى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There are more than 50 nutrients in food.","translation":"هناك أكثر من 50 عنصرًا غذائيًا في الطعام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Macronutrients are generally fat, protein, carbohydrate and fibre.","translation":"المغذيات الكبيرة هي بشكل عام الدهون والبروتين والكربوهيدرات والألياف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Micronutrients include the minerals such as iron, zinc, selenium and the various fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins.","translation":"تشمل المغذيات الدقيقة المعادن مثل الحديد والزنك والسيلينيوم والفيتامينات المختلفة القابلة للذوبان في الدهون والقابلة للذوبان في الماء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Different organs and systems play a critical role in the digestion, absorption, metabolism, storage and excretion of nutrients and their end products of metabolism.","translation":"تلعب الأعضاء والأنظمة المختلفة دورًا حاسمًا في هضم وامتصاص واستقلاب وتخزين وإفراز العناصر الغذائية ومنتجاتها النهائية من عملية التمثيل الغذائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Nutrient requirements in the normal healthy state vary according to age, sex and the physiological state.","translation":"تختلف متطلبات المغذيات في الحالة الصحية الطبيعية حسب العمر والجنس والحالة الفسيولوجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Knowledge about nutrients, their metabolism and sources as well as functions are vital.","translation":"المعرفة بالعناصر الغذائية وعملية التمثيل الغذائي ومصادرها ووظائفها أمر حيوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"One should consume a balanced diet which includes foods that will provide all the necessary nutrients in required amounts.","translation":"يجب على المرء أن يستهلك نظامًا غذائيًا متوازنًا يتضمن الأطعمة التي ستوفر جميع العناصر الغذائية الضرورية بالكميات المطلوبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The science of nutrition is concerned with access to, availability and utilisation of food and nutrients for life, growth, development and well-being.","translation":"يهتم علم التغذية بالحصول على الغذاء والمغذيات وتوافرها واستخدامها للحياة والنمو ��التطور والرفاهية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Nutritionists (professionals who work in this field) are concerned with myriad aspects.","translation":"يهتم أخصائيو التغذية (المهنيون الذين يعملون في هذا المجال) بجوانب لا تحصى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We all know that when one is ill, one may not feel like eating.","translation":"نعلم جميعًا أنه عندما يكون المرء مريضًا، فقد لا يشعر بالرغبة في تناول الطعام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Culture, religion, social status, beliefs and taboos also influence our food choices, food intake, and nutritional status.","translation":"تؤثر الثقافة والدين والوضع الاجتماعي والمعتقدات والمحرمات أيضًا على اختياراتنا الغذائية وتناولنا للطعام وحالتنا الغذائية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Healthy parents are able to take adequate care of their children, and healthy children are generally happy and do well in school.","translation":"الآباء الأصحاء قادرون على رعاية أطفالهم بشكل كافٍ، والأطفال الأصحاء سعداء بشكل عام ويؤدون أداءً جيدًا في المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is therefore obvious that one cannot achieve good health and be productive, sociable and a contributory member of society if one is starving and undernourished.","translation":"لذلك، من الواضح أنه لا يمكن للمرء أن يحقق صحة جيدة وأن يكون منتجًا واجتماعيًا وعضوًا مساهمًا في المجتمع إذا كان يعاني من الجوع وسوء التغذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Malnutrition is a deviation from the normal state of nutrition.","translation":"سوء التغذية هو انحراف عن الحالة الطبيعية للتغذية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Food and nutrient security means that each and every person (regardless of age) has access to and can obtain adequate food and nutrients throughout the year.","translation":"الأمن الغذائي والمغذيات يعني أن كل شخص (بغض النظر عن العمر) لديه إمكانية الوصول إلى الغذاء والمغذيات الكافية ويمكنه الحصول عليها على مدار العام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cotton cultivation and its use in weaving are known since prehistoric times.","translation":"زراعة القطن واستخدامه في النسيج معروفان منذ عصور ما قبل التاريخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The spinning and weaving techniques developed here produced fabrics, which came to be known for their extreme fineness and decorations.","translation":"أنتجت تقنيات الغزل والنسيج التي تم تطويرها هنا أقمشة اشتهرت بنعومتها الفائقة وزخارفها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cotton travelled from India to all over the world.","translation":"سافر القطن من الهند إلى جميع أنحاء العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"When the Romans and Greeks first saw cotton, they described it as wool that grew on trees.","translation":"عندما رأى الرومان واليونانيون القطن لأول مرة، وصفوه بأنه صوف ينمو على الأشجار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Dacca (now in Bangladesh) produced the finest fabric—the mulmul khas or the royal muslin.","translation":"أنتجت دكا (الآن في بنغلاديش) أجود أنواع الأقمشة - الململ الخاص أو الموسلين الملكي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Jamdani or the figured muslin traditionally woven in Bengal and parts of North India using cotton is one of the finest brocade products of Indian weaving.","translation":"الجامداني أو الموسلين المنقوش المنسوج تقليديًا في البنغال وأجزاء من شمال الهند باستخدام القطن هو أحد أرقى منتجات البروكيد في النسيج الهندي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In regular weaving, the filling yarn passes over and under the warp yarn in a specific sequence.","translation":"في النسيج العادي، يمر خيوط الحشو فوق وتحت خيوط السدو في تسلسل معين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Indian Chintz (printed and painted cotton cloth) had revolutionised European fashion and market.","translation":"أحدثت أقمشة الشينتز الهندية (القماش القطني المطبوع والمطلي) ثورة في الموضة والسوق الأوروبيين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cotton is woven universally all over India.","translation":"يُنسج القطن عالميًا في جميع أنحاء الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Silk fabrics have been made in India since ancient times.","translation":"صُنعت أقمشة الحرير في الهند منذ العصور القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Silk weaving is mentioned as early as the 3rd century BC., and distinction is made between Indian and Chinese silk.","translation":"ذُكر نسيج الحرير في وقت مبكر يعود إلى القرن الثالث قبل الميلاد، ويتم التمييز بين الحرير الهندي والصيني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Different regions in our country have specific silk weaving styles.","translation":"تتمتع المناطق المختلفة في بلدنا بأساليب نسيج حريرية محددة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"West Bengal is traditionally famous for its silk weaving.","translation":"تشتهر ولاية البنغال الغربية تقليديًا بنسيج الحرير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Gujarat developed its own style of kinkhwabs.","translation":"طورت ولاية غوجارات أسلوبها الخاص من الكينخوافس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Kanchipuram in Tamil Nadu is a famous brocade weaving centre in South India from ancient times.","translation":"كانشيبورام في تاميل نادو هو مركز مشهور لنسيج البروكيد في جنوب الهند منذ العصور القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The traditional sarees display bird and animal motifs with rich brocaded pallav.","translation":"تعرض الساري التقليدية زخارف الطيور والحيوانات مع بالاف البروكيد الغني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The development of wool is associated with the colder regions like hills of Ladhakh, Jammu and Kashmir.","translation":"يرتبط تطوير الصوف بالمناطق الباردة مثل تلال لداخ وجامو وكشمير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Mughal emperors were responsible for promoting this art and shawls of Kashmir became world famous.","translation":"كان أباطرة المغول مسؤولين عن الترويج لهذا الفن وأصبحت شالات كشمير مشهورة عالميًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The designs of the shawls copy the beauty of nature of Kashmir.","translation":"تصمم الشالات لنسخ جمال طبيعة كشمير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We have already learnt that the history of dyeing in India is very old.","translation":"لقد تعلمنا بالفعل أن تاريخ الصباغة في الهند قديم جدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"historical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The textbook is designed to help students understand the dynamics of individual lives and social interaction.","translation":"تم تصميم الكتاب المدرسي لمساعدة الطلاب على فهم ديناميكيات الحياة الفردية والتفاعل الاجتماعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"NCERT appreciates the hard work done by the Textbook Development Committee.","translation":"تقدر NCERT العمل الشاق الذي قامت به لجنة تطوير الكتب المدرسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005 recommends linking children’s life at school to their life outside the school.","translation":"يوصي الإطار الوطني للمناهج (NCF) لعام 2005 بربط حياة الأطفال في المدرسة بحياتهم خارج المدرسة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This textbook marks NCERT’s resolve to reconstruct knowledge in all areas from the perspective of the learner.","translation":"يمثل هذا الكتاب المدرسي عزم NCERT على إعادة بناء المعرفة في جميع المجالات من وجهة نظر المتعلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The practicals are designed to foster critical thinking.","translation":"تم تصميم التدريبات العملية لتعزيز التفكير النقدي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The textbook adopts a developmental framework using the life-span approach.","translation":"يعتمد الكتاب المدرسي إطارًا تنمويًا باستخدام نهج مدى الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The first unit begins with adolescence, as this is the stage of development being experienced by the student.","translation":"تبدأ الوحدة الأولى بالمراهقة، لأن هذه هي مرحلة التطور التي يمر بها الطالب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The subjects in HEFS concern themselves with enhanced human resources as well as productivity.","translation":"تهتم المواد الموجودة في HEFS بالموارد البشرية المحسنة بالإضافة إلى الإنتاجية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"People cannot be productive if they are physically unwell.","translation":"لا يمكن للناس أن يكونوا منتجين إذا كانوا يعانون من اعتلال صحي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The new textbook has attempted to break away from the conventional framework of the discipline.","translation":"حاول الكتاب المدرسي الجديد الخروج عن الإطار التقليدي للانضباط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The practicals have an innovative and contemporary character.","translation":"تتميز التدريبات العملية بطابع مبتكر ومعاصر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The textbook addresses some significant concerns and challenges of each life stage.","translation":"يعالج الكتاب المدرسي بعض الاهتمامات والتحديات الهامة لكل مرحلة من مراحل الحياة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions which will enable us to undertake further revision and refinement.","translation":"ترحب NCERT بالتعليقات والاقتراحات التي ستمكننا من إجراء المزيد من المراجعة والتحسين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In view of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to reduce content load on students.","translation":"في ضوء جائحة COVID-19، من الضروري تقليل عبء المحتوى على الطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Education Policy 2020, also emphasises reducing the content load.","translation":"تؤكد السياسة التعليمية الوطنية لعام 2020 أيضًا على تقليل عبء المحتوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Contents of the textbooks have been rationalised in view of the following:","translation":"تم ترشيد محتويات الكتب المدرسية في ضوء ما يلي:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Overlapping with similar content included in other subject areas in the same class.","translation":"التداخل مع محتوى مماثل مضمن في مجالات موضوعية أخرى في نفس الفصل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The correct price of this publication is the price printed on this page.","translation":"السعر الصحيح لهذا المنشور هو السعر المطبوع على هذه الصفحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"publication","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not be lent.","translation":"يُباع هذا الكتاب بشرط أنه لا يجوز إعارته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"publication","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"All rights reserved.","translation":"جميع الحقوق محفوظة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"publication","complexity":"simple"}

ar/Human-Ecology-and-Family-Sciences-Part-II-XI_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,140 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Family budgets are essential for managing finances effectively.","translation":"ميزانيات الأسرة ضرورية لإدارة الشؤون المالية بشكل فعال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Savings and investments are key components of financial planning.","translation":"الادخار والاستثمار عنصران أساسيان في التخطيط المالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sound investment principles help families achieve their financial goals.","translation":"تساعد مبادئ الاستثمار السليم الأسر على تحقيق أهدافها المالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Financial management involves planning, controlling, and evaluating income.","translation":"تتضمن الإدارة المالية التخطيط للدخل والتحكم فيه وتقييمه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Family income includes various sources like salary, wages, and dividends.","translation":"يشمل دخل الأسرة مصادر مختلفة مثل الراتب والأجور والأرباح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A family budget helps allocate resources to meet present and future needs.","translation":"تساعد ميزانية الأسرة على تخصيص الموارد لتلبية الاحتياجات الحالية والمستقبلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Financial planning minimizes wastage of money on non-essentials.","translation":"يقلل التخطيط المالي من إهدار الأموال على الأمور غير الضرورية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Commitment from family members is crucial for the success of financial plans.","translation":"الالتزام من أفراد الأسرة أمر بالغ الأهمية لنجاح الخطط المالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Family resources include human, material, and community resources.","translation":"تشمل موارد الأسرة الموارد البشرية والمادية وموارد المجتمع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Managing money effectively is a learned skill for a comfortable life.","translation":"إدارة الأموال بشكل فعال هي مهارة مكتسبة لحياة مريحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Family income is the total income from all sources for all members.","translation":"دخل الأسرة هو إجمالي الدخل من جميع المصادر لجميع أفراد الأسرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Money serves as a medium of exchange and a standard of value.","translation":"المال بمثابة وسيلة للتبادل ومعيار للقيمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Money income is the purchasing power in a given period.","translation":"الدخل النقدي هو القوة الشرائية في فترة زمنية معينة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Real income consists of goods and services available for needs.","translation":"يتكون الدخل الحقيقي من السلع والخدمات المتاحة لتلبية الاحتياجات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Psychic income is the satisfaction derived from goods and services.","translation":"الدخل النفسي هو الرضا المستمد من السلع والخدمات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Income management involves planning, controlling, and evaluating income use.","translation":"تتضمن إدارة الدخل التخطيط لاستخدام الدخل والتحكم فيه وتقييمه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A budget is a plan for future expenditure.","translation":"الميزانية هي خطة للإنفاق المستقبلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Budgeting involves listing needs, estimating costs, and balancing income.","translation":"تتضمن الميزانية إدراج الاحتياجات وتقدير التكاليف وتحقيق التوازن بين الدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Control in money management involves checking and adjusting plans.","translation":"يتضمن التحكم في إدارة الأموال التحقق من الخطط وتعديلها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Savings are essential for future needs and capital formation.","translation":"الادخار ضروري للاحتياجات المس��قبلية وتكوين رأس المال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Children need a balanced diet to grow healthy.","translation":"يحتاج الأطفال إلى نظام غذائي متوازن لينموا بصحة جيدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Breastfeeding provides essential nutrients for infants.","translation":"يوفر الرضاعة الطبيعية العناصر الغذائية الأساسية للرضع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Vaccinations protect children from serious diseases.","translation":"تحمي اللقاحات الأطفال من الأمراض الخطيرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A healthy lifestyle includes regular exercise and good nutrition.","translation":"تشمل نمط الحياة الصحي ممارسة الرياضة بانتظام والتغذية الجيدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The school provides nutritious meals to students.","translation":"توفر المدرسة وجبات مغذية للطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Early childhood education is crucial for cognitive development.","translation":"التعليم في مرحلة الطفولة المبكرة أمر بالغ الأهمية للتطور المعرفي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Proper hygiene is essential to prevent the spread of infections.","translation":"النظافة السليمة ضرورية لمنع انتشار العدوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Children with disabilities should receive inclusive education.","translation":"يجب أن يتلقى الأطفال ذوو الإعاقة تعليمًا شاملاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The government is implementing programs to improve child health.","translation":"تنفذ الحكومة برامج لتحسين صحة الطفل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Malnutrition can lead to serious health problems in children.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤدي سوء التغذية إلى مشاكل صحية خطيرة لدى الأطفال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The study examined the impact of poverty on child development.","translation":"فحصت الدراسة تأثير الفقر على نمو الطفل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"research","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Early intervention programs can significantly improve outcomes for children with developmental delays.","translation":"يمكن لبرامج التدخل المبكر أن تحسن بشكل كبير النتائج للأطفال الذين يعانون من تأخر في النمو.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The importance of a balanced diet cannot be overstated, especially during the formative years of childhood.","translation":"لا يمكن المبالغة في أهمية النظام الغذائي المتوازن، خاصة خلال سنوات التكوين في مرحلة الطفولة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The pediatrician recommended a series of tests to assess the child's nutritional status.","translation":"أوصى طبيب الأطفال بسلسلة من الاختبارات لتقييم الحالة الغذائية للطفل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"health","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The curriculum emphasizes the importance of physical activity and healthy eating habits.","translation":"يركز المنهج على أهمية النشاط البدني وعادات الأكل الصحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The organization provides support to families struggling with food insecurity.","translation":"تقدم المنظمة الدعم للعائلات التي تعاني من انعدام الأمن الغذائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"social","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The research highlighted the correlation between socioeconomic status and child health outcomes.","translation":"سلط البحث الضوء على العلاقة بين الوضع الاجتماعي والاقتصادي والنتائج الصحية للأطفال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"research","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The school implemented a program to educate parents about healthy meal planning.","translation":"نفذت المدرسة برنامجًا لتثقيف الآباء حول التخطيط للوجبات الصحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The study investigated the long-term effects of childhood obesity on cardiovascular health.","translation":"تحققت الدراسة في الآثار طويلة المدى لسمنة الأطفال على صحة القلب والأوعية الدموية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"research","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Adequate nutrition is crucial for the cognitive development and academic performance of children.","translation":"التغذية الكافية ضرورية للتطور المعرفي والأداء الأكاديمي للأطفال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The child is now quite strong.","translation":"الطفل قوي جدًا الآن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Growth patterns are rather slow now.","translation":"أنماط النمو بطيئة إلى حد ما الآن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nutritional requirements are the same for both boys and girls up to the age of 9 years.","translation":"المتطلبات الغذائية هي نفسها لكل من الأولاد والبنات حتى سن 9 سنوات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Boys of 10-12 years need enough calories to maintain adequate reserves for the spurt in their growth during adolescence.","translation":"يحتاج الأولاد الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 10 و 12 عامًا إلى سعرات حرارية كافية للحفاظ على احتياطيات كافية لنموهم خلال فترة المراهقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"We know that no single food can provide all the nutrients in the amount the child needs every day.","translation":"نعلم أنه لا يمكن لطعام واحد أن يوفر جميع العناصر الغذائية بالكمية التي يحتاجها الطفل كل يوم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ensure good nutrition: We know that children at this age need more protein, calcium, iron and iodine.","translation":"تأكد من التغذية الجيدة: نعلم أن الأطفال في هذا العمر يحتاجون إلى المزيد من البروتين والكالسيوم والحديد واليود.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They must be encouraged to eat vegetables, fruits, whole grains.","translation":"يجب تشجيعهم على تناول الخضروات والفواكه والحبوب الكاملة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Fruits and vegetables improve the macronutrient density in their diets and whole grains reduce the risk of diseases.","translation":"تعمل الفواكه والخضروات على تحسين كثافة المغذيات الكبيرة في وجباتهم الغذائية وتقلل الحبوب الكاملة من خطر الإصابة بالأمراض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Limit intake of saturated fat, salt and sugar.","translation":"حد من تناول الدهون المشبعة والملح والسكر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Breakfast is a special meal.","translation":"الإفطار وجبة خاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Skipping breakfast will negatively affect her/his physical and mental performance.","translation":"سيؤثر تخطي وجبة الإفطار سلبًا على أدائها البدني والعقلي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Involve children in meal planning.","translation":"إشراك الأطفال في تخطيط الوجبات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Amrita has an 8-year-old son and 10-year-old daughter.","translation":"لدى أمريتا ابن يبلغ من العمر 8 سنوات وابنة تبلغ من العمر 10 سنوات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Besides following the guidelines for planning balanced diets you may refer to Table 8.","translation":"بالإضافة إلى اتباع الإرشادات الخاصة بتخطيط الوجبات الغذائية المتوازنة ، يمكنك الرجوع إلى الجدول 8.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Amrita and Ankit are very particular about serving three balanced meals and two healthy snacks.","translation":"تهتم أمريتا وأنكيت جدًا بتقديم ثلاث وجبات متوازنة ووجبتين خفيفتين صحيتين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Suppose you have a 9-year-old sister and an 11-year-old brother, and both are vegetarian.","translation":"لنفترض أن لديك أختًا تبلغ من العمر 9 سنوات وأخًا يبلغ من العمر 11 عامًا ، وكلاهما نباتي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Families that use positive parenting practices encourage total well-being of children.","translation":"العائلات التي تستخدم ممارسات الأبوة والأمومة الإيجابية تشجع على الرفاهية الكاملة للأطفال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"TV commercials and their favourite film stars endorsing the products have very strong influence.","translation":"الإعلانات التلفزيونية ونجومهم السينمائيين المفضلين الذين يؤيدون المنتجات لهم تأثير قوي للغاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As the child enters school, there is a change of dependence from parental standards to those set by the peer group.","translation":"عندما يدخل الطفل المدرسة ، هناك تغيير في الاعتماد من المعايير الأبوية إلى تلك التي تحددها مجموعة الأقران.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Children usually eat well in the company of friends.","translation":"عادة ما يأكل الأطفال جيدًا في صحبة الأصدقاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Families use credit to meet needs or obligations.","translation":"تستخدم العائلات الائتمان لتلبية الاحتياجات أو الالتزامات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The need may be real or imaginary.","translation":"قد تكون الحاجة حقيقية أو وهمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If the initial cost of a commodity seems too large to save before the purchase is made, families borrow money to possess the commodity immediately; for example, land.","translation":"إذا بدت التكلفة الأولية للسلعة كبيرة جدًا بحيث لا يمكن الادخار قبل الشراء، فإن العائلات تقترض المال لامتلاك السلعة على الفور؛ على سبيل المثال، الأراضي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The cost of the good is spread over a long period of time and the family can have the advantage of using the good during the payment period.","translation":"يتم توزيع تكلفة السلعة على فترة زمنية طويلة ويمكن للعائلة الاستفادة من استخدام السلعة خلال فترة السداد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Another reason for borrowing is to meet family emergencies like sickness of a family member.","translation":"سبب آخر للاقتراض هو مواجهة حالات الطوارئ العائلية مثل مرض أحد أفراد الأسرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Families also borrow to meet obligations like marriage of children or performing rituals during death of a member.","translation":"تقترض العائلات أيضًا للوفاء بالتزامات مثل زواج الأطفال أو أداء الطقوس أثناء وفاة أحد أفراد الأسرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A self-supporting and self-sufficient family can always use credit in emergencies and do so with a feeling of confidence.","translation":"يمكن للعائلة المكتفية ذاتيًا والمكتفية ذاتيًا دائمًا استخدام الائتمان في حالات الطوارئ والقيام بذلك بشعور بالثقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A lender will make a loan only when she/he believes that the borrower will repay the money she/he borrows.","translation":"لن يقدم المقرض قرضًا إلا عندما يعتقد أن المقترض سيسدد الأموال التي يقترضها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The lender may be a bank or any other financial institution.","translation":"قد يكون المقرض بنكًا أو أي مؤسسة مالية أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Their decision to give credit to individuals and families is governed by 4C’s, which are mentioned below.","translation":"يخضع قرارهم بمنح الائتمان للأفراد والعائلات لـ 4Cs، والتي ورد ذكرها أدناه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Character means willingness and determination to repay a loan as agreed, even though it is at greater cost and inconvenience than the borrower anticipated.","translation":"تعني الشخصية الاستعداد والتصميم على سداد القرض على النحو المتفق عليه، على الرغم من أنه بتكلفة أكبر وإزعاج أكثر مما توقعه المقترض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Capacity means the ability to meet an obligation when it is due.","translation":"تعني القدرة على الوفاء بالتزام عندما يحين موعده.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ordinarily capacity depends upon income.","translation":"عادة ما تعتمد القدرة على الدخل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is important to understand that the capacity of family to repay a loan depends not so much upon total income as upon the available margin over and above necessary expenses.","translation":"من المهم أن نفهم أن قدرة الأسرة على سداد القرض لا تعتمد كثيرًا على إجمالي الدخل بقدر ما تعتمد على الهامش المتاح فوق النفقات الضرورية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The capacity of a family to repay a loan is determined by the difference between what the family receives and what it spends.","translation":"تتحدد قدرة الأسرة على سداد القرض بالفرق بين ما تتلقاه الأسرة وما تنفقه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Capital means net worth.","translation":"رأس المال يعني صافي القيمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A family’s capital is determined by the difference between what it owns and what it owes.","translation":"يتم تحديد رأس مال الأسرة من خلال الفرق بين ما تملكه وما تدين به.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The existence of this capital provides a margin of safety for the lender, since if the family’s income proves to be inadequate to repay the loan, it can draw upon its invested capital.","translation":"يوفر وجود هذا رأس المال هامش أمان للمقرض، لأنه إذا ثبت أن دخل الأسرة غير كافٍ لسداد القرض، فيمكنها الاعتماد على رأس مالها المستثمر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Collateral consists of specific units of capital which are pledged as security for a given loan.","translation":"يتكون الضمان من وحدات معينة من رأس المال يتم رهنها كضمان لقرض معين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Usually these units are placed in the possession of the lender with the understanding that if the borrower fails to pay the loan as agreed, the lender is to reimburse himself in so far as he can from the sale of the pledged collateral.","translation":"عادة ما يتم وضع هذه الوحدات في حوزة المقرض على أساس أنه إذا فشل المقترض في سداد القرض على النحو المتفق عليه، فيجب على المقرض أن يسدد لنفسه بقدر ما يستطيع من بيع الضمان المرهون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Fashion may be inspired by important personalities, social or political leaders, film stars or even important national events.","translation":"قد تكون الموضة مستوحاة من شخصيات مهمة أو قادة اجتماعيين أو سياسيين أو نجوم سينما أو حتى أحداث وطنية مهمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These can be reflected in apparel in terms of fabric types, colour and design of the material, shape or cut of the garment or simply the accessories.","translation":"يمكن أن تنعكس هذه الأمور في الملابس من حيث أنواع الأقمشة والألوان وتصميم المواد وشكل أو قصّة الثوب أو ببساطة الإكسسوارات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Certain fashions that highly exaggerate some features of dress or may affect only part of the society, or a specific area are very short lived.","translation":"بعض صيحات الموضة التي تبالغ بشكل كبير في بعض ميزات اللباس أو قد تؤثر فقط على جزء من المجتمع أو منطقة معينة تكون قصيرة الأجل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Children and adolescents are quite likely to be taken up by fads.","translation":"من المرجح جدًا أن ينجذب الأطفال والمراهقون إلى البدع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Income The amount of money available also affects the selection of clothing.","translation":"يؤثر الدخل، أي المبلغ المتاح من المال، أيضًا على اختيار الملابس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Families of high-income group often have greater variety in clothing, specially with reference to special occasions.","translation":"غالبًا ما تتمتع العائلات ذات الدخل المرتفع بتنوع أكبر في الملابس، خاصة فيما يتعلق بالمناسبات الخاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In families with modest or low income, the clothes of older siblings are recycled and worn by younger ones to economise on the expenditure on clothes.","translation":"في العائلات ذات الدخل المتواضع أو المنخفض، يتم إعادة تدوير ملابس الأشقاء الأكبر سنًا وارتدائها من قبل الأصغر سنًا لتوفير النفقات على الملابس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"One reason why schools prescribe a uniform dress for children is to de-emphasise the socio-economic differences among students.","translation":"أحد الأسباب التي تجعل المدارس تصف زيًا موحدًا للأطفال هو التقليل من الفروق الاجتماعية والاقتصادية بين الطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As children grow, they like to identify with their peers and or adults whom they admire.","translation":"عندما يكبر الأطفال، يحبون أن يتطابقوا مع أقرانهم أو البالغين الذين يعجبون بهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"One way of doing that is to dress like them.","translation":"إحدى طرق القيام بذلك هي ارتداء ملابسهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Children’s clothes must be suitable for their different activities, and must give them freedom to play, something that is so essential for their physical growth.","translation":"يجب أن تكون ملابس الأطفال مناسبة لأنشطتهم المختلفة، ويجب أن تمنحهم حرية اللعب، وهو أمر ضروري للغاية لنموهم الجسدي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The most important requirement for children is comfort.","translation":"أهم متطلب للأطفال هو الراحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They need to roll, crawl, squat, climb, run and jump without being hindered by clothes.","translation":"يحتاجون إلى التدحرج والزحف والتربع والتسلق والجري والقفز دون أن تعيقهم الملابس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tight clothes are avoided as they restrict activity and even interfere with natural blood circulation.","translation":"يتم تجنب الملابس الضيقة لأنها تحد من النشاط وحتى تتداخل مع الدورة الدموية الطبيعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Heavy and bulky clothes are difficult to handle and tiring for children.","translation":"الملابس الثقيلة والضخمة صعبة التعامل ومتعبة للأطفال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Select lightweight clothes that are made of acrylic and nylon fibres, especially for winter apparel, to keep warm.","translation":"اختر ملابس خفيفة الوزن مصنوعة من ألياف الأكريليك والنايلون، خاصة للملابس الشتوية، للحفاظ على الدفء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Clothes that hang from shoulders are generally more comfortable than those hanging from waistline.","translation":"الملابس التي تتدلى من الكتفين تكون عمومًا أكثر راحة من تلك التي تتدلى من خط الخصر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Necklines have to be wide enough so that there is no strain across the throat.","translation":"يجب أن تكون خطوط العنق واسعة بما يكفي بحيث لا يوجد ضغط على الحلق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Clothes which are too large may be uncomfortable and may also be unsafe.","translation":"الملابس التي تكون كبيرة جدًا قد تكون غير مريحة وقد تكون غير آمنة أيضًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Loose garments can catch on fire more easily (than fitting clothes) around the cooking area.","translation":"يمكن أن تشتعل الملابس الفضفاضة بالنار بسهولة أكبر (من الملابس الضيقة) حول منطقة الطهي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The best way of drying is to hang the fabrics outside in the sun.","translation":"أفضل طريقة للتجفيف هي تعليق ا��أقمشة في الخارج تحت أشعة الشمس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Sun not only dries the clothes faster but also acts as an antiseptic.","translation":"لا تجفف الشمس الملابس بشكل أسرع فحسب، بل تعمل أيضًا كمطهر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Delicate fabrics like silk and woolens cannot be hung for too long in the sun.","translation":"لا يمكن تعليق الأقمشة الرقيقة مثل الحرير والصوف في الشمس لفترة طويلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Synthetic fibres lose their strength when exposed to sunlight.","translation":"تفقد الألياف الاصطناعية قوتها عند تعرضها لأشعة الشمس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These fabrics also tend to turn yellow, which is irreversible.","translation":"تميل هذه الأقمشة أيضًا إلى التحول إلى اللون الأصفر، وهو أمر غير قابل للعكس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Ironing helps to get rid of these and creates creases where desired.","translation":"يساعد الكي على التخلص من هذه التجاعيد ويخلق طيات حيثما هو مطلوب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Good ironing requires three things: high temperature, moisture, and pressure.","translation":"يتطلب الكي الجيد ثلاثة أشياء: درجة حرارة عالية ورطوبة وضغط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The charcoal iron though cheap has certain disadvantages.","translation":"على الرغم من أن المكواة الفحم رخيصة الثمن، إلا أنها لها بعض العيوب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Different fibre groups have different thermal properties.","translation":"مجموعات الألياف المختلفة لها خصائص حرارية مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thus, if electricity is not a problem, then an automatic electric iron is the best option.","translation":"وبالتالي، إذا لم تكن الكهرباء مشكلة، فإن المكواة الكهربائية الأوتوماتيكية هي الخيار الأفضل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Moisture would be automatically provided if you start ironing your clothes when they are damp after washing.","translation":"سيتم توفير الرطوبة تلقائيًا إذا بدأت في كي ملابسك عندما تكون رطبة بعد الغسيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"If your articles are completely dry, then you can sprinkle some water on them and roll them in towel.","translation":"إذا كانت ملابسك جافة تمامًا، فيمكنك رش بعض الماء عليها ولفها في منشفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The third requirement for good ironing is pressure.","translation":"المتطلب الثالث للكي الجيد هو الضغط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Pressing involves keeping the hot iron at one place on the cloth, then lifting it and then keeping it at another place on the cloth.","translation":"يتضمن الكبس إبقاء المكواة الساخنة في مكان واحد على القماش، ثم رفعها ثم وضعها في مكان آخر على القماش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The table that one uses for ironing should be rightly padded, and yet firm.","translation":"يجب أن تكون الطاولة التي يستخدمها المرء للكي مبطنة بشكل صحيح، ومع ذلك ثابتة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"After ironing the articles are either given specific folds or are placed on hangers.","translation":"بعد الكي، يتم إما إعطاء الملابس طيات معينة أو وضعها على الشماعات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Dry-cleaning can be defined as the cleaning of fabrics in a non-aqueous liquid medium.","translation":"يمكن تعريف التنظيف الجاف على أنه تنظيف الأقمشة في وسط سائل غير مائي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The important difference between dry and wet solvents is that while water is absorbed by the fibres, which causes shrinkage, wrinkle formation and colour bleeding; the dry solvents do not cause fibre swelling.","translation":"الفرق المهم بين المذيبات الجافة والرطبة هو أنه في حين أن ��لماء يمتص بواسطة الألياف، مما يتسبب في الانكماش وتكوين التجاعيد ونزيف الألوان؛ لا تسبب المذيبات الجافة انتفاخ الألياف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"For dry-cleaning, the most common solvents used are perchloro-ethylene, a petroleum solvent, or a fluorocarbon solvent.","translation":"للتنظيف الجاف، المذيبات الأكثر شيوعًا المستخدمة هي البيركلورو إيثيلين، وهو مذيب بترولي، أو مذيب فلوروكربون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The items are brought to the cleaner’s and identified with a tag that includes special instructions.","translation":"يتم إحضار العناصر إلى عامل التنظيف وتحديدها بعلامة تتضمن تعليمات خاصة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Teachers will encourage children to reflect on their own learning.","translation":"سوف يشجع المعلمون الأطفال على التفكير في تعلمهم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We must recognise that, given space, time and freedom, children generate new knowledge.","translation":"يجب أن ندرك أنه بالنظر إلى المساحة والوقت والحرية، يولد الأطفال معرفة جديدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Treating the prescribed textbook as the sole basis of examination is one of the key reasons why other resources are ignored.","translation":"إن التعامل مع الكتاب المدرسي المحدد كأساس وحيد للامتحان هو أحد الأسباب الرئيسية لإهمال الموارد الأخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Inculcating creativity and initiative is possible if we perceive and treat children as participants in learning.","translation":"غرس الإبداع والمبادرة ممكن إذا نظرنا إلى الأطفال وعاملناهم كمشاركين في التعلم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These aims imply considerable change in school routines and mode of functioning.","translation":"تستلزم هذه الأهداف تغييرًا كبيرًا في روتين المدرسة وطريقة عملها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Flexibility in the daily time-table is as necessary as rigour in implementing the annual calendar.","translation":"المرونة في الجدول الزمني اليومي ضرورية مثل الصرامة في تنفيذ التقويم السنوي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This textbook marks NCERT’s resolve to reconstruct knowledge in all areas.","translation":"يمثل هذا الكتاب المدرسي عزم NCERT على إعادة بناء المعرفة في جميع المجالات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The National Focus Group on Gender Issues in Education emphasizes the urgency of incorporating women’s perspective.","translation":"تؤكد المجموعة الوطنية للتركيز على قضايا النوع الاجتماعي في التعليم على الحاجة الملحة لإدماج منظور المرأة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"We hope that the present textbook will make this subject free of gender bias.","translation":"نأمل أن يجعل هذا الكتاب المدرسي الموضوع خاليًا من التحيز الجنساني.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"NCERT appreciates the hardwork done by the Textbook Development Committee.","translation":"تقدر NCERT العمل الشاق الذي قامت به لجنة تطوير الكتب المدرسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We are indebted to the institutions and organisations which have generously permitted us to draw upon their resources.","translation":"نحن مدينون للمؤسسات والمنظمات التي سمحت لنا بسخاء بالاعتماد على مواردها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We are especially grateful to the members of the National Monitoring Committee.","translation":"نحن ممتنون بشكل خاص لأعضاء لجنة المراقبة الوطنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We are particularly grateful to the members of the sub-committee for Human Ecology and Family Sciences.","translation":"نحن ممتنون بشكل خاص لأعضاء اللجنة الفرعية لعلم البيئة البشرية وعلوم الأسرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As an organisation committed to systemic reform and continuous improvement, NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions.","translation":"بصفتها منظمة ملتزمة بالإصلاح النظامي والتحسين المستمر، ترحب NCERT بالتعليقات والاقتراحات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In view of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to reduce content load on students.","translation":"في ضوء جائحة COVID-19، من الضروري تقليل عبء المحتوى على الطلاب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The National Education Policy 2020, also emphasises reducing the content load.","translation":"تؤكد السياسة التعليمية الوطنية لعام 2020 أيضًا على تقليل عبء المحتوى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Contents of the textbooks have been rationalised in view of the following: Overlapping with similar content.","translation":"تم ترشيد محتويات الكتب المدرسية في ضوء ما يلي: التداخل مع محتوى مماثل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The textbook on Human Ecology and Family Sciences (HEFS), a subject so far known as ‘Home Science’.","translation":"الكتاب المدرسي عن علم البيئة البشرية وعلوم الأسرة (HEFS)، وهو موضوع يُعرف حتى الآن باسم 'العلوم المنزلية'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In Class XI the ‘self and family’ and the ‘home’ are focal points for understanding the dynamics of individual lives.","translation":"في الصف الحادي عشر، تعتبر 'الذات والأسرة' و 'المنزل' نقاطًا محورية لفهم ديناميكيات حياة الأفراد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"People cannot be productive if they are physically unwell due to unhygienic personal and environmental conditions.","translation":"لا يمكن للناس أن يكونوا منتجين إذا كانوا يعانون من اعتلال صحي بسبب الظروف الشخصية والبيئية غير الصحية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"complex"}

ar/INFORMATICS-PRACTICES-XI_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,260 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"Grid computing is different from IaaS cloud service.","translation":"تختلف الحوسبة الشبكية عن خدمة السحابة IaaS.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The blockchain technology works on the concept of decentralised and shared database.","translation":"تعمل تقنية blockchain على مفهوم قاعدة بيانات لامركزية ومشتركة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each computer or node that participates in the blockchain receives a full copy of the database.","translation":"يتلقى كل جهاز كمبيوتر أو عقدة تشارك في blockchain نسخة كاملة من قاعدة البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The most popular application of blockchains technology is in digital currency.","translation":"التطبيق الأكثر شيوعًا لتقنية blockchain هو في العملة الرقمية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Artificial Intelligence endeavours to simulate the natural intelligence of human beings into machines.","translation":"تسعى الذكاء الاصطناعي إلى محاكاة الذكاء الطبيعي للبشر في الآلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Machine learning comprises of algorithms that use data to learn on their own.","translation":"يتكون التعلم الآلي من خوارزميات تستخدم البيانات للتعلم بمفردها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Virtual reality allows a user to look at, explore, and interact with the virtual surroundings.","translation":"تتيح الواقع الافتراضي للمستخدم إلقاء نظرة على البيئة الافتراضية واستكشافها والتفاعل معها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Big data holds rich information and knowledge which can be of high business value.","translation":"تحتوي البيانات الضخمة على معلومات ومعرفة غنية يمكن أن تكون ذات قيمة تجارية عالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of devices that have an embedded hardware and software.","translation":"إنترنت الأشياء (IoT) عبارة عن شبكة من الأجهزة التي تحتوي على أجهزة وبرامج مضمنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A sensor is a device that takes input from the physical environment.","translation":"المستشعر هو جهاز يأخذ مدخلات من البيئة المادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Cloud computing allows resources located at remote locations to be made available to anyone anywhere.","translation":"تسمح الحوسبة السحابية بتوفير الموارد الموجودة في مواقع بعيدة لأي شخص في أي مكان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Keywords are reserved words.","translation":"الكلمات الأساسية هي كلمات محجوزة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Variable is an identifier whose value can change.","translation":"المتغير هو معرف يمكن تغيير قيمته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Every value belongs to a specific data type in Python.","translation":"تنتمي كل قيمة إلى نوع بيانات معين في Python.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Comments are used to add a remark or a note in the source code.","translation":"تُستخدم التعليقات لإضافة ملاحظة أو ملاحظة في كود المصدر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Number data type stores numerical values only.","translation":"يقوم نوع بيانات الرقم بتخزين القيم الرقمية فقط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"String is a group of characters.","translation":"السلسلة عبارة عن مجموعة من الأحرف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"List is a sequence of items separated by commas.","translation":"القائمة عبارة عن سلسلة من العناصر مفصولة بفواصل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Tuple is a sequence of items separated by commas and items are enclosed in parenthesis ( ).","translation":"الصف عبارة عن سلسلة من العناصر مفصولة بفواصل ويتم تضمين العناصر بين قوسين ( ).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Dictionary in Python holds data items in key-value pairs.","translation":"يحتوي القاموس في Python على عناصر البيانات في أزواج قيمة المفتاح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A computer is an electronic device that can be programmed to accept data, process it, and generate results.","translation":"الكمبيوتر جهاز إلكتروني يمكن برمجته لقبول البيانات ومعالجتها وإنشاء النتائج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The CPU is often referred to as the brain of the computer.","translation":"غالبًا ما يشار إلى وحدة المعالجة المركزية على أنها عقل الكمبيوتر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Input devices convert data into a digital form that the computer can understand.","translation":"تقوم أجهزة الإدخال بتحويل البيانات إلى شكل رقمي يمكن للكمبيوتر فهمه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Output devices receive data from a computer system for display or physical production.","translation":"تتلقى أجهزة الإخراج البيانات من نظام الكمبيوتر للعرض أو الإنتاج المادي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The evolution of computing devices has been rapid.","translation":"كان تطور أجهزة الحوسبة سريعًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Von Neumann architecture is a fundamental concept in computer design.","translation":"هندسة فون نيومان هي مفهوم أساسي في تصميم الكمبيوتر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Integrated circuits allowed the integration of a complete CPU on a single chip.","translation":"سمحت الدوائر المتكاملة بدمج وحدة معالجة مركزية كاملة على شريحة واحدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Moore's Law predicted the exponential growth in the number of transistors on a chip.","translation":"تنبأ قانون مور بالنمو الأسي في عدد الترانزستورات على الشريحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The introduction of the graphical user interface (GUI) made computers more accessible.","translation":"جعل إدخال واجهة المستخدم الرسومية (GUI) أجهزة الكمبيوتر في متناول الجميع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A computer system needs memory to store data and instructions.","translation":"يحتاج نظام الكمبيوتر إلى ذاكرة لتخزين البيانات والتعليمات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Primary memory is essential for a computer system's operation.","translation":"الذاكرة الأساسية ضرورية لتشغيل نظام الكمبيوتر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"RAM is volatile, meaning data is lost when power is off.","translation":"ذاكرة الوصول العشوائي متطايرة، مما يعني فقدان البيانات عند إيقاف التشغيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"ROM is non-volatile and stores data that rarely changes.","translation":"ذاكرة القراءة فقط غير متطايرة وتخزن البيانات التي نادرًا ما تتغير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Cache memory speeds up CPU operations.","translation":"تعمل ذاكرة التخزين المؤقت على تسريع عمليات وحدة المعالجة المركزية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Secondary memory provides permanent storage for data and instructions.","translation":"توفر الذاكرة الثانوية تخزينًا دائمًا للبيانات والتعليمات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Data capturing involves gathering data from different sources.","translation":"يتضمن التقاط البيانات جمع البيانات من مصادر مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Data storage has become a challenging task due to the high rate of data production.","translation":"أصبحت تخزين البيانات مهمة صعبة بسبب المعدل المرتفع لإنتاج البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Data retrieval involves fetching data from storage devices.","translation":"يتضمن استرجاع البيانات جلب البيانات من أجهزة التخزين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Data deletion and recovery are important aspects of data management.","translation":"يعد حذف البيانات واستعادتها من الجوانب الهامة لإدارة البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Software is a set of instructions that makes hardware functional.","translation":"البرامج عبارة عن مجموعة من التعليمات التي تجعل الأجهزة تعمل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The list `list3` contains a mix of data types: an integer, a float, and a string.","translation":"تحتوي القائمة `list3` على مزيج من أنواع البيانات: عدد صحيح، وعدد عشري، وسلسلة نصية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Nested lists, like `list4`, are lists that contain other lists as their elements.","translation":"القوائم المتداخلة، مثل `list4`، هي قوائم تحتوي على قوائم أخرى كعناصرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each element in a list is accessed using an index value.","translation":"يتم الوصول إلى كل عنصر في القائمة باستخدام قيمة الفهرس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The index starts at 0 for the first element, 1 for the second, and so on.","translation":"يبدأ الفهرس بالرقم 0 للعنصر الأول، و 1 للثاني، وهكذا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"To access an element, use square brackets with the index value.","translation":"للوصول إلى عنصر، استخدم الأقواس المربعة مع قيمة الفهرس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Negative index values can be used to access elements from the end of the list.","translation":"يمكن استخدام قيم الفهرس السالبة للوصول إلى العناصر من نهاية القائمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An out-of-range index value will result in an error.","translation":"ستؤدي قيمة الفهرس الخارجة عن النطاق إلى حدوث خطأ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Lists in Python are mutable, meaning their contents can be changed after creation.","translation":"القوائم في بايثون قابلة للتغيير، مما يعني أنه يمكن تغيير محتوياتها بعد إنشائها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The concatenation operator `+` joins two or more lists.","translation":"يقوم عامل التشغيل `+` بربط قائمتين أو أكثر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The repetition operator `*` replicates the contents of a list.","translation":"يقوم عامل التكرار `*` بتكرار محتويات القائمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The membership operator `in` checks if an element is present in the list.","translation":"يتحقق عامل العضوية `in` مما إذا كان العنصر موجودًا في القائمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Slicing allows you to create a new list from a portion of an existing list.","translation":"يسمح لك التقطيع بإنشاء قائمة جديدة من جزء من قائمة موجودة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You can traverse a list using a `for` loop or a `while` loop.","translation":"يمكنك اجتياز قائمة باستخدام حلقة `for` أو حلقة `while`.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The `len()` function returns the length of a list.","translation":"تقوم الدالة `len()` بإرجاع طول القائمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The `append()` method adds a single element to the end of a list.","translation":"تضيف طريقة `append()` عنصرًا واحدًا إلى نهاية القائمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The `extend()` method adds multiple elements from another list to the end.","translation":"تضيف طريقة `extend()` عناصر متعددة من قائمة أخرى إلى النهاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The `insert()` method inserts an element at a specific index.","translation":"تقوم طريقة `insert()` بإدراج عنصر في فهرس معين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The `count()` method returns the number of times an element appears in a list.","translation":"تقوم طريقة `count()` ��إرجاع عدد مرات ظهور عنصر في القائمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The `index()` method returns the index of the first occurrence of an element.","translation":"تقوم طريقة `index()` بإرجاع فهرس أول ظهور لعنصر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The `remove()` method removes the first occurrence of a specified element.","translation":"تقوم طريقة `remove()` بإزالة أول ظهور لعنصر محدد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The software is freely available for use, but the source code may not be available.","translation":"البرنامج متاح للاستخدام مجانًا، ولكن قد لا يكون كود المصدر متاحًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"More examples of FOSS include Python, Libreoffice, Openoffice, and Mozilla Firefox.","translation":"تشمل الأمثلة الأخرى على البرامج مفتوحة المصدر بايثون وليبرأوفيس وأوبن أوفيس وموزيلا فايرفوكس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"A computer processes data to generate information whose further analysis and interpretation yields knowledge.","translation":"تعالج أجهزة الكمبيوتر البيانات لإنشاء معلومات يؤدي تحليلها وتفسيرها الإضافي إلى المعرفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"What is the need for secondary memory?","translation":"ما هي الحاجة إلى الذاكرة الثانوية؟","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Differentiate between proprietary software and freeware software.","translation":"فرق بين البرامج الاحتكارية والبرامج المجانية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mention any browsers used for browsing the internet.","translation":"اذكر أي متصفحات مستخدمة لتصفح الإنترنت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"To enter textual data.","translation":"لإدخال البيانات النصية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Computers have been around for quite some time now.","translation":"لقد كانت أجهزة الكمبيوتر موجودة منذ فترة طويلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Artificial Intelligence endeavours to simulate the natural intelligence of human beings into machines.","translation":"تسعى الذكاء الاصطناعي إلى محاكاة الذكاء الطبيعي للبشر في الآلات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Machine Learning is a subsystem of Artificial Intelligence.","translation":"التعلم الآلي هو نظام فرعي للذكاء الاصطناعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The predictive typing feature of search engine that helps us by suggesting the next word.","translation":"ميزة الكتابة التنبؤية لمحرك البحث التي تساعدنا من خلال اقتراح الكلمة التالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Immersive experiences allow us to visualise, feel and react by stimulating our senses.","translation":"تسمح لنا التجارب الغامرة بالتصور والشعور والتفاعل عن طريق تحفيز حواسنا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Virtual Reality is a three-dimensional, computer-generated situation that simulates the real world.","translation":"الواقع الافتراضي هو حالة ثلاثية الأبعاد يتم إنشاؤها بواسطة الكمبيوتر تحاكي العالم الحقيقي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Robotics is an interdisciplinary branch of technology.","translation":"الروبوتات هي فرع متعدد التخصصات من التكنولوجيا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Big data not only represents voluminous data, it also involves various challenges.","translation":"لا تمثل البيانات الضخمة فقط بيانات ضخمة، بل تتضمن أيضًا تحديات مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Big data exhibits following five characteristics.","translation":"تعرض البيانات الضخمة الخصائص الخمس التالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Data analytics is the process of examining data sets.","translation":"تحليل البيانات هو عملية فحص مجموعات البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Internet of Things is a network of devices.","translation":"إنترنت الأشياء عبارة عن شبكة من الأجهزة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Cloud computing is an emerging trend in the field of information technology.","translation":"الحوسبة السحابية هي اتجاه ناشئ في مجال تكنولوجيا المعلومات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These resources are provided by companies called cloud service providers.","translation":"يتم توفير هذه الموارد من قبل شركات تسمى موفري خدمات السحابة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If the left operand is greater than the value of the right operand, then the condition is True, otherwise it is False.","translation":"إذا كان المعامل الأيسر أكبر من قيمة المعامل الأيمن، فإن الشرط صحيح، وإلا فهو خطأ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Similarly, there are other assignment operators like *=, /=, %=, //=, and **=.","translation":"وبالمثل، هناك معاملات إسناد أخرى مثل *=، /=، %=، //=، و **=.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There are three logical operators (Table 3.6) supported by Python.","translation":"هناك ثلاثة معاملات منطقية (الجدول 3.6) مدعومة بواسطة بايثون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"These operators (and, or, not) are to be written in lower case only.","translation":"يجب كتابة هذه المعاملات (و، أو، لا) بأحرف صغيرة فقط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The logical operator evaluates to either True or False based on the logical operands on its either side.","translation":"يقيم المعامل المنطقي إلى إما صحيح أو خطأ بناءً على المعاملات المنطقية على أي من جانبيه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Similarly, there are other relational operators like <= and >=.","translation":"وبالمثل، هناك معاملات علائقية أخرى مثل <= و >=.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Assignment operator assigns or changes the value of the variable on its left, as shown in Table 3.5.","translation":"يقوم عامل الإسناد بتعيين أو تغيير قيمة المتغير على يساره، كما هو موضح في الجدول 3.5.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It adds the value of right side operand to the left side operand and assigns the result to the left side operand.","translation":"يضيف قيمة المعامل الموجود على الجانب الأيمن إلى المعامل الموجود على الجانب الأيسر ويعين النتيجة للمعامل الموجود على الجانب الأيسر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It subtracts the value of right side operand from the left side operand and assigns the result to left side operand.","translation":"يطرح قيمة المعامل الموجود على الجانب الأيمن من المعامل الموجود على الجانب الأيسر ويعين النتيجة للمعامل الموجود على الجانب الأيسر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If both operands are True, then condition becomes True.","translation":"إذا كان كلا المعاملين صحيحين، فإن الشرط يصبح صحيحًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"If any of the two operands are True, then condition becomes True.","translation":"إذا كان أي من المعاملين صحيحًا، فإن الشرط يصبح صحيحًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Used to reverse the logical state of its operand.","translation":"تُستخدم لعكس الحالة المنطقية للمعامل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Membership operator is used to check if a value is a member of the given sequence or not.","translation":"يُستخدم عامل العضوية للتحقق مما إذا كانت القيمة عضوًا في التسلسل المحدد أم لا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Returns True if the variable or value is found in the specified sequence and False otherwise.","translation":"إرجاع صحيح إذا تم العثور على المتغير أو القيمة في التسلسل المحدد، وإلا خطأ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An expression is defined as a combination of constants, variables and operators.","translation":"يُعرَّف التعبير على أنه مجموعة من الثوابت والمتغيرات والمعاملات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"An expression always evaluates to a value.","translation":"يقيم التعبير دائمًا إلى قيمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"When an expression contains more than one operator, their precedence determines which operator should be applied first.","translation":"عندما يحتوي التعبير على أكثر من عامل واحد، تحدد أسبقيتهم أي عامل يجب تطبيقه أولاً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Higher precedence operator is evaluated before the lower precedence operator.","translation":"يتم تقييم عامل الأسبقية الأعلى قبل عامل الأسبقية الأقل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Parenthesis can be used to override the precedence of operators.","translation":"يمكن استخدام الأقواس لتجاوز أسبقية المعاملات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The input() function prompts the user to enter data.","translation":"تطالب الدالة input() المستخدم بإدخال البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The program counts the number of times a character appears in a given string.","translation":"يقوم البرنامج بعدد مرات ظهور حرف في سلسلة معينة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Enter a string:","translation":"أدخل سلسلة:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The output shows the frequency of each character.","translation":"يبين الناتج تكرار كل حرف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Write a program to convert a number entered by the user into its corresponding number in words.","translation":"اكتب برنامجًا لتحويل رقم أدخله المستخدم إلى رقمه المقابل بالكلمات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"For example, if the input is 876 then the output should be ‘Eight Seven Six’.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، إذا كان الإدخال هو 876، فيجب أن يكون الإخراج 'ثمانية سبعة ستة'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Enter any number:","translation":"أدخل أي رقم:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The number is:","translation":"الرقم هو:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The numberName is:","translation":"اسم الرقم هو:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Lists are mutable sequences in Python.","translation":"القوائم عبارة عن تسلسلات قابلة للتغيير في بايثون.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We can change the elements of the list.","translation":"يمكننا تغيير عناصر القائمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Elements of a list are put in square brackets separated by comma.","translation":"توضع عناصر القائمة بين أقواس مربعة مفصولة بفاصلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"List indexing is same as that of list and starts at 0.","translation":"فهرسة القائمة هي نفسها فهرسة القائمة وتبدأ من 0.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Operator + concatenates one list to the end of other list.","translation":"يقوم المشغل + بربط قائمة واحدة بنهاية قائمة أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Operator * repeats the content of a list by specified number of times.","translation":"يقوم المشغل * بتكرار محتوى القائمة بعدد مرات محدد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Membership operator in tells if an element is present in the list or not.","translation":"يخبر عامل العضوية ما إذا كان العنصر موجودًا في القائمة أم لا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Slicing is used to extract a part of the list.","translation":"يُستخدم التقطيع لاستخراج جزء من القائمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Dictionary is a mapping data type.","translation":"القاموس هو نوع بيانات تعيين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is an unordered collection of key-value pair.","translation":"إنه مجموعة غير مرتبة من أزواج المفتاح والقيمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Keys are unique and act as the index.","translation":"المفاتيح فريدة وتعمل كمؤشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Keys are of immutable type but values can be mutable.","translation":"المفاتيح من النوع غير القابل للتغيير ولكن القيم يمكن أن تكون قابلة للتغيير.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Consider Table 6.1 showing marks obtained by students in three different subjects.","translation":"ضع في اعتبارك الجدول 6.1 الذي يوضح علامات الطلاب في ثلاثة مواد مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Let us create an array called marks to store marks given in three subjects for four students given in this table.","translation":"دعنا ننشئ مصفوفة تسمى علامات لتخزين العلامات المعطاة في ثلاثة مواد لأربعة طلاب واردة في هذا الجدول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"As there are 4 students (i.e. 4 rows) and 3 subjects (i.e. 3 columns), the array will be called marks[4][3].","translation":"نظرًا لوجود 4 طلاب (أي 4 صفوف) و 3 مواد (أي 3 أعمدة)، ستسمى المصفوفة علامات [4][3].","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This array can store 4*3 = 12 elements.","translation":"يمكن لهذه المصفوفة تخزين 4 * 3 = 12 عنصرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Here, marks[i,j] refers to the element at (i+1) th row and (j+1) th column because the index values start at 0.","translation":"هنا، تشير علامات [i,j] إلى العنصر الموجود في الصف (i+1) والعمود (j+1) لأن قيم الفهرس تبدأ من 0.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Thus marks[3,1] is the element in 4 th row and second column which is 72 (marks of Prasad in English).","translation":"وبالتالي فإن علامات [3,1] هي العنصر الموجود في الصف الرابع والعمود الثاني وهو 72 (علامات براد في اللغة الإنجليزية).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sometimes we need to extract part of an array.","translation":"في بعض الأحيان نحتاج إلى استخراج جزء من مصفوفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This is done through slicing.","translation":"يتم ذلك من خلال التقطيع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We can define which part of the array to be sliced by specifying the start and end index values using [start : end] along with the array name.","translation":"يمكننا تحديد جزء المصفوفة المراد تقطيعه عن طريق تحديد قيم فهرس البداية والنهاية باستخدام [start: end] جنبًا إلى جنب مع اسم المصفوفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Now let us see how slicing is done for 2-D arrays.","translation":"الآن دعنا نرى كيف يتم التقطيع للمصفوفات ثنائية الأبعاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For this, let us create a 2-D array called array9 having 3 rows and 4 columns.","translation":"لهذا، دعنا ننشئ مصفوفة ثنائية الأبعاد تسمى array9 تحتوي على 3 صفوف و 4 أعمدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Note that we are specifying rows in the range 0:3 because the end value of the range is excluded.","translation":"لاحظ أننا نحدد الصفوف في النطاق 0:3 لأن القيمة النهائية للنطاق مستبعدة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If row indices are not specified, it means all the rows are to be considered.","translation":"إذا لم يتم تحديد فهارس الصفوف، فهذا يعني أنه يجب أخذ جميع الصفوف في الاعتبار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Likewise, if column indices are not specified, all the columns are to be considered.","translation":"وبالمثل، إذا لم يتم تحديد فهارس الأعمدة، فيجب أخذ جميع الأعمدة في الاعتبار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Arithmetic operations on NumPy arrays are fast and simple.","translation":"العمليات الحسابية على مصفوفات NumPy سريعة وبسيطة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"When we perform a basic arithmetic operation like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division etc. on two arrays, the operation is done on each corresponding pair of elements.","translation":"عندما نقوم بعملية حسابية أساسية مثل الجمع والطرح والضرب والقسمة وما إلى ذلك على مصفوفتين، تتم العملية على كل زوج من العناصر المقابلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"For instance, adding two arrays will result in the first element in the first array to be added to the first element in the second array, and so on.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، سيؤدي جمع مصفوفتين إلى إضافة العنصر الأول في المصفوفة الأولى إلى العنصر الأول في المصفوفة الثانية، وهكذا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is important to note that for element-wise operations, size of both arrays must be same.","translation":"من المهم ملاحظة أنه بالنسبة للعمليات على مستوى العناصر، يجب أن يكون حجم كلتا المصفوفتين هو نفسه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Transposing an array turns its rows into columns and columns into rows just like matrices in mathematics.","translation":"تحويل مصفوفة يبدل صفوفها إلى أعمدة وأعمدة إلى صفوف تمامًا مثل المصفوفات في الرياضيات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Sorting is to arrange the elements of an array in hierarchical order either ascending or descending.","translation":"الفرز هو ترتيب عناصر المصفوفة بترتيب هرمي إما تصاعديًا أو تنازليًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It increases the chances of loss of data due to any failure of hardware or software.","translation":"يزيد من فرص فقدان البيانات بسبب أي عطل في الأجهزة أو البرامج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It can bring all operations to a halt for all the users.","translation":"يمكن أن يؤدي إلى توقف جميع العمليات لجميع المستخدمين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In relational model, tables are called relations that store data for different columns.","translation":"في النموذج العلائقي، تسمى الجداول علاقات تخزن البيانات لأعمدة مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Each table can have multiple columns where each column name should be unique.","translation":"يمكن أن يحتوي كل جدول على أعمدة متعددة حيث يجب أن يكون اسم كل عمود فريدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For example, each row in the table represents a related set of values.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، يمثل كل صف في الجدول مجموعة ذات صلة من القيم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Each row of Table 7.5 represents a particular guardian and has related values viz. guardian’s ID with guardian name, address and phone number.","translation":"يمثل كل صف من الجدول 7.5 وصيًا معينًا ولديه قيم ذات صلة مثل معرف الوصي مع اسم الوصي وعنوانه ورقم هاتفه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Thus, a table consists of a collection of relationships.","translation":"وبالتالي، يتكون الجدول من مجموعة من العلاقات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It is important to note here that relations in a database are not independent tables, but are associated with each other.","translation":"من المهم ملاحظة هنا أن العلاقات في قاعدة البيانات ليست جداول مستقلة، ولكنها مرتبطة ببعضها البعض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"For example, relation ATTENDANCE has attribute RollNumber which links it with corresponding student record in relation STUDENT.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، تحتوي العلاقة ATTENDANCE على السمة RollNumber التي تربطها بسجل الطالب المقابل في العلاقة STUDENT.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Similarly, attribute GUID is placed with STUDENT table for extracting guardian details of a particular student.","translation":"وبا��مثل، يتم وضع السمة GUID مع جدول STUDENT لاستخراج تفاصيل الوصي لطالب معين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If linking attributes are not there in appropriate relations, it will not be possible to keep the database in correct state and retrieve valid information from the database.","translation":"إذا لم تكن سمات الربط موجودة في العلاقات المناسبة، فلن يكون من الممكن الحفاظ على قاعدة البيانات في الحالة الصحيحة واسترجاع معلومات صحيحة من قاعدة البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Figure 7.3 shows the relational database Student Attendance along with the three relations (tables) STUDENT, ATTENDANCE and GUARDIAN.","translation":"يوضح الشكل 7.3 قاعدة البيانات العلائقية Student Attendance جنبًا إلى جنب مع العلاقات الثلاث (الجداول) STUDENT و ATTENDANCE و GUARDIAN.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"ATTRIBUTE: Characteristic or parameters for which data are to be stored in a relation.","translation":"السمة: خاصية أو معلمات يجب تخزين البيانات من أجلها في علاقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Simply stated, the columns of a relation are the attributes which are also referred as fields.","translation":"ببساطة، أعمدة العلاقة هي السمات التي يشار إليها أيضًا باسم الحقول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"For example, GUID, GName, GPhone and GAddress are attributes of relation GUARDIAN.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، GUID و GName و GPhone و GAddress هي سمات العلاقة GUARDIAN.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Each row of data in a relation (table) is called a tuple.","translation":"يسمى كل صف من البيانات في علاقة (جدول) صفًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In a table with n columns, a tuple is a relationship between the n related values.","translation":"في جدول به n أعمدة، الصف هو علاقة بين قيم n ذات الصلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is a set of values from which an attribute can take a value in each row.","translation":"إنها مجموعة من القيم التي يمكن للسمة أن تأخذ منها قيمة في كل صف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Usually, a data type is used to specify domain for an attribute.","translation":"عادةً، يتم استخدام نوع بيانات لتحديد المجال لسمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"For example, in STUDENT relation, the attribute RollNumber takes integer values and hence its domain is a set of integer values.","translation":"على سبيل المثال، في علاقة STUDENT، تأخذ السمة RollNumber قيمًا عددية صحيحة، وبالتالي فإن مجالها هو مجموعة من القيم العددية الصحيحة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Printing of receipt includes ATM PIN number, account type, account number, card number, ATM location from where money was withdrawn, date and time, and amount to be withdrawn.","translation":"تتضمن طباعة الإيصال رقم التعريف الشخصي الخاص بالصراف الآلي، ونوع الحساب، ورقم الحساب، ورقم البطاقة، وموقع الصراف الآلي الذي سُحبت منه الأموال، والتاريخ والوقت، والمبلغ المراد سحبه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A Bank handling withdrawals of cash through ATMs of its own branch.","translation":"بنك يتعامل مع عمليات سحب النقود من خلال أجهزة الصراف الآلي التابعة لفرعه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Verify login details and check availability of berth in that class.","translation":"تحقق من تفاصيل تسجيل الدخول وتحقق من توفر مقعد في تلك الدرجة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"If payment done, issue tickets and deduct that number from the total available tickets on that coach.","translation":"إذا تم الدفع، قم بإصدار التذاكر وخصم هذا العدد من إجمالي التذاكر المتاحة في تلك الحافلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Allocate PNR number and berths or generate a waiting number for that ticket.","translation":"تخصيص رقم PNR وأماكن الجلوس أو إنشاء رقم انتظار لتلك التذكرة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Journey start and end stations, date of journey, number of tickets required, class of travel (Sleeper/AC/other), berth preference (if any), passenger name(s) and age(s), mobile and email id, payment related details, etc.","translation":"محطات بداية ونهاية الرحلة، وتاريخ الرحلة، وعدد التذاكر المطلوبة، ودرجة السفر (نوم/مكيف/أخرى)، وتفضيل مكان الجلوس (إن وجد)، وأسماء الركاب وأعمارهم، ورقم الهاتف المحمول ومعرف البريد الإلكتروني، والتفاصيل المتعلقة بالدفع، وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Generate ticket with berth and coach number, or issue ticket with a waiting list number.","translation":"إنشاء تذكرة برقم مكان الجلوس ورقم الحافلة، أو إصدار تذكرة برقم قائمة انتظار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Issue of train ticket.","translation":"إصدار تذكرة قطار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Problem Statement.","translation":"بيان المشكلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Processing Output Inputs against which data are collected.","translation":"معالجة مدخلات الإخراج التي يتم جمع البيانات بناءً عليها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Data Processing RAW DATA (Numbers/ Text/Image) INFORMATION (In the form of table/ chart/text) Input Processing Output Data Collection Data Prepration Data Entry Store Retrieve Classify Update Reports Results Processing System Data Process Cycle","translation":"معالجة البيانات البيانات الأولية (أرقام/نص/صورة) معلومات (في شكل جدول/مخطط/نص) إدخال المعالجة إخراج جمع البيانات إعداد البيانات إدخال البيانات تخزين استرجاع تصنيف تحديث التقارير نتائج نظام المعالجة دورة معالجة البيانات","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Given a set of data values, we need to process them to get information.","translation":"بالنظر إلى مجموعة من قيم البيانات، نحتاج إلى معالجتها للحصول على معلومات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are various techniques which help us to have preliminary understanding about the data.","translation":"هناك تقنيات مختلفة تساعدنا على الحصول على فهم أولي للبيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Summarisation methods are applied on tabular data for its easy comprehension.","translation":"يتم تطبيق طرق التلخيص على البيانات الجدولية لتسهيل فهمها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Commonly used statistical techniques for data summarisation are given below:","translation":"التقنيات الإحصائية شائعة الاستخدام لتلخيص البيانات موضحة أدناه:","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A measure of central tendency is a single value that gives us some idea about the data.","translation":"مقياس النزعة المركزية هو قيمة واحدة تعطينا فكرة عن البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Three most common measures of central tendency are the mean, median, and mode.","translation":"ثلاثة مقاييس النزعة المركزية الأكثر شيوعًا هي المتوسط والوسيط والمنوال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Instead of looking at each individual data values, we can calculate the mean, median and mode of the data to get an idea about average, middle value and frequency of occurrence of a particular value, respectively.","translation":"بدلاً من النظر إلى كل قيمة بيانات على حدة، يمكننا حساب المتوسط والوسيط والمنوال للبيانات للحصول على فكرة عن المتوسط والقيمة الوسطى وتكرار حدوث قيمة معينة، على التوالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Selection of a measure of central tendency depends on certain characteristics of data.","translation":"يعتمد اختيار مقياس النزعة المركزية على خصائص معينة للبيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mean is simply the average of numeric values of an attribute.","translation":"المتوسط هو ببساطة متوسط القيم الرقمية لسمة ما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Load the data in the file Iris.txt in a 2-D array called iris.","translation":"قم بتحميل البيانات الموجودة في الملف Iris.txt في مصفوفة ثنائية الأبعاد تسمى iris.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Drop column whose index = 4 from the array iris.","translation":"احذف العمود الذي فهرسه = 4 من مصفوفة iris.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Display the shape, dimensions and size of iris.","translation":"اعرض شكل وأبعاد وحجم iris.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Split iris into three 2-D arrays, each array for a different species.","translation":"اقسم iris إلى ثلاث مصفوفات ثنائية الأبعاد، كل مصفوفة لنوع مختلف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Print the three arrays iris1, iris2, iris3","translation":"اطبع المصفوفات الثلاث iris1 و iris2 و iris3","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Create a 1-D array header having elements \"sepal length\", \"sepal width\", \"petal length\", \"petal width\", \"Species No\" in that order.","translation":"قم بإنشاء رأس مصفوفة أحادي الأبعاد يحتوي على العناصر \"طول السبلة\" و \"عرض السبلة\" و \"طول البتلة\" و \"عرض البتلة\" و \"رقم النوع\" بهذا الترتيب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Display the array header.","translation":"اعرض رأس المصفوفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Find the max, min, mean and standard deviation for the columns of the iris and store the results in the arrays iris_max, iris_min, iris_avg, iris_std, iris_ var respectively.","translation":"ابحث عن الحد الأقصى والحد الأدنى والمتوسط والانحراف المعياري لأعمدة iris وقم بتخزين النتائج في المصفوفات iris_max و iris_min و iris_avg و iris_std و iris_ var على التوالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Similarly find the max, min, mean and standard deviation for the columns of the iris1, iris2 and iris3 and store the results in the arrays with appropriate names.","translation":"وبالمثل، ابحث عن الحد الأقصى والحد الأدنى والمتوسط والانحراف المعياري لأعمدة iris1 و iris2 و iris3 وقم بتخزين النتائج في المصفوفات بالأسماء المناسبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Check the minimum value for sepal length, sepal width, petal length and petal width of the three species in comparison to the minimum value of sepal length, sepal width, petal length and petal width for the data set as a whole and fill the table below with True if the species value is greater than the dataset value and False otherwise.","translation":"تحقق من الحد الأدنى لقيمة طول السبلة وعرض السبلة وطول البتلة وعرض البتلة للأنواع الثلاثة بالمقارنة مع الحد الأدنى لقيمة طول السبلة وعرض السبلة وطول البتلة وعرض البتلة لمجموعة البيانات ككل واملأ الجدول أدناه بـ True إذا كانت قيمة النوع أكبر من قيمة مجموعة البيانات و False بخلاف ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Compare Iris setosa’s average sepal width to that of Iris virginica.","translation":"قارن متوسط عرض سبلة Iris setosa بمتوسط عرض سبلة Iris virginica.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Compare Iris setosa’s average petal length to that of Iris virginica.","translation":"قارن متوسط طول بتلة Iris setosa بمتوسط طول بتلة Iris virginica.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Compare Iris setosa’s average petal width to that of Iris virginica.","translation":"قارن متوسط عرض بتلة Iris setosa بمتوسط عرض بتلة Iris virginica.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Save the array iris_avg in a comma separated file named IrisMeanValues.txt on the hard disk.","translation":"احفظ المصفوفة iris_avg في ملف مفصول بفواصل يسمى IrisMeanValues.txt على القرص الصلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Save the arrays iris_max, iris_avg, iris_min in a comma separated file named IrisStat.txt on the hard disk.","translation":"احفظ المصفوفات iris_max و iris_avg و iris_min في ملف مفصول بفواصل يسمى IrisStat.txt على القرص الصلب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"After learning about importance of data in the previous chapter, we need to explore the methods to store and manage data electronically.","translation":"بعد التعرف على أهمية البيانات في الفصل السابق، نحتاج إلى استكشاف طرق لتخزين البيانات وإدارتها إلكترونيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Let us take an example of a school that maintains data about its students, along with their attendance record and guardian details.","translation":"دعنا نأخذ مثالاً لمدرسة تحتفظ ببيانات عن طلابها، إلى جانب سجل حضورهم وتفاصيل ولي الأمر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The class teacher marks daily attendance of the students in the attendance register.","translation":"يقوم معلم الفصل بتسجيل حضور الطلاب يوميًا في سجل الحضور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"As the volume of data increases, manual data entry becomes tedious.","translation":"مع زيادة حجم البيانات، يصبح إدخال البيانات يدويًا أمرًا مملًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"To overcome the hassles faced in manual record keeping, it is desirable to store attendance record and student details on separate data files on a computerized system.","translation":"للتغلب على المتاعب التي تواجهها في حفظ السجلات يدويًا، من المستحسن تخزين سجل الحضور وتفاصيل الطالب في ملفات بيانات منفصلة على نظام محوسب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The data values that an attribute can have are used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data.","translation":"تُستخدم قيم البيانات التي يمكن أن يمتلكها السمة لضمان دقة وموثوقية البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"However, it is not mandatory to define a constraint for each attribute of a table.","translation":"ومع ذلك، فإنه ليس إلزاميًا تحديد قيد لكل سمة من سمات الجدول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"SQL provides commands for defining relation schemas, modifying relation schemas, and deleting relations.","translation":"يوفر SQL أوامر لتحديد مخططات العلاقات وتعديلها وحذفها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"These are called Data Definition Language (DDL) through which the set of relations are specified.","translation":"تُسمى هذه لغة تعريف البيانات (DDL) والتي من خلالها يتم تحديد مجموعة العلاقات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Data definition starts with the create statement.","translation":"يبدأ تعريف البيانات بعبارة الإنشاء.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This statement is used to create a database and its tables (relations).","translation":"تُستخدم هذه العبارة لإنشاء قاعدة بيانات وجداولها (العلاقات).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Before creating a database, we should be clear about the number of tables in the database.","translation":"قبل إنشاء قاعدة بيانات، يجب أن نكون واضحين بشأن عدد الجداول في قاعدة البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"To create a database called StudentAttendance, we will type the following command at the mysql prompt.","translation":"لإنشاء قاعدة بيانات تسمى StudentAttendance، سنكتب الأمر التالي في موجه mysql.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"In the LINUX environment, names for databases and tables are case-sensitive.","translation":"في بيئة LINUX، تكون أسماء قواعد البيانات والجداول حساسة لحالة الأحرف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"A DBMS can manage multiple databases on one computer.","translation":"يمكن لنظام إدارة قواعد البيانات (DBMS) إدارة قواعد بيانات متعددة على جهاز كمبيوتر واحد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Therefore, we need to select the database that we want to use.","translation":"لذلك، نحتاج إلى تحديد قاعدة البيانات التي نريد استخدامها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"After creating database StudentAttendance, we need to define relations (create tables) in this database.","translation":"بعد إنشاء قاعدة بيانات StudentAttendance، نحتاج إلى تحديد العلاقات (إنشاء الجداول) في قاعدة البيانات هذه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This is done using the CREATE TABLE statement.","translation":"يتم ذلك باستخدام عبارة CREATE TABLE.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"N is the degree of the relation, means there are N columns in the table.","translation":"N هي درجة العلاقة، وتعني وجود N أعمدة في الجدول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"By default, each attribute can take NULL values except for the primary key.","translation":"افتراضيًا، يمكن لكل سمة أن تأخذ قيم NULL باستثناء المفتاح الأساسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Let us identify data types of the attributes of table STUDENT along with their constraint, if any.","translation":"دعنا نحدد أنواع بيانات سمات الجدول STUDENT مع قيودها، إن وجدت.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Assuming maximum students in a class to be 100 and values of roll number in a sequence from 1 to 100.","translation":"بافتراض أن الحد الأقصى لعدد الطلاب في الفصل هو 100 وقيم رقم التسجيل في تسلسل من 1 إلى 100.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Total number of characters in student names (SName) can differ.","translation":"يمكن أن يختلف إجمالي عدد الأحرف في أسماء الطلاب (SName).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Data type for the attribute SDateofBirth is DATE.","translation":"نوع البيانات للسمة SDateofBirth هو DATE.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Once data types and constraints are identified, let us create tables without specifying constraint along with the attribute name for simplification.","translation":"بمجرد تحديد أنواع البيانات والقيود، دعنا ننشئ جداولًا دون تحديد قيد جنبًا إلى جنب مع اسم السمة للتبسيط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"A select query retrieves data from a database.","translation":"استعلام التحديد يسترجع البيانات من قاعدة البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The movie database contains information about films.","translation":"تحتوي قاعدة بيانات الأفلام على معلومات حول الأفلام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"SQL is used to manage and query relational databases.","translation":"يُستخدم SQL لإدارة قواعد البيانات العلائقية والاستعلام عنها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The table includes columns for MovieID, MovieName, and Category.","translation":"يتضمن الجدول أعمدة لـ MovieID و MovieName و Category.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Retrieve movies information without mentioning their column names.","translation":"استرجع معلومات الأفلام دون ذكر أسماء أعمدتها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"List business done by the movies showing only MovieID, MovieName and BusinessCost.","translation":"أدرج الأعمال التي قامت بها الأفلام مع إظهار MovieID و MovieName و BusinessCost فقط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Find the net profit of each movie showing its ID, Name and Net Profit.","translation":"ابحث عن صافي ربح كل فيلم مع إظهار معرفه واسمه وصافي ربحه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The net profit is calculated by subtracting production cost from business cost.","translation":"يتم حساب صافي الربح عن طريق طرح تكلفة الإنتاج من تكلفة الأعمال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"List all movies with ProductionCost greater than 80,000 and less than 1,25,000.","translation":"أدرج جميع الأفلام التي تزيد فيها تكلفة الإنتاج عن 80000 وأقل من 125000.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The school is organizing cricket matches between classes.","translation":"تنظم المدرسة مباريات كريكيت بين الفصول.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Students are divided into four teams for the matches.","translation":"ينقسم الطلاب إلى أربعة فرق للمباريات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Create a database named 'Sports' to store match details.","translation":"أنشئ قاعدة بيانات باسم 'الرياضة' لتخزين تفاصيل المباريات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The TEAM table stores information about the teams.","translation":"يخزن جدول TEAM معلومات حول الفرق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Use TeamID as the primary key for the TEAM table.","translation":"استخدم TeamID كمفتاح أساسي لجدول TEAM.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Insert data for the four teams into the TEAM table.","translation":"أدخل بيانات الفرق الأربعة في جدول TEAM.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The MATCH_DETAILS table records the scores of the matches.","translation":"يسجل جدول MATCH_DETAILS نتائج المباريات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Use a foreign key constraint to link MATCH_DETAILS to the TEAM table.","translation":"استخدم قيد مفتاح أجنبي لربط MATCH_DETAILS بجدول TEAM.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Retrieve the MatchID of all matches where both teams scored over 70.","translation":"استرجع MatchID لجميع المباريات التي سجل فيها كلا الفريقين أكثر من 70.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Differentiate between ALTER and UPDATE commands in SQL.","translation":"فرق بين أوامر ALTER و UPDATE في SQL.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The school uniform shop maintains a database.","translation":"تحافظ محلات الزي المدرسي على قاعدة بيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The query displays employee names.","translation":"تعرض الاستعلام أسماء الموظفين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"We can rename columns using 'AS'.","translation":"يمكننا إعادة تسمية الأعمدة باستخدام 'AS'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Display employee name as 'Name' in the output.","translation":"اعرض اسم الموظف باسم 'الاسم' في الإخراج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The annual salary is calculated by multiplying the salary by 12.","translation":"يتم حساب الراتب السنوي بضرب الراتب في 12.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We can use alias to rename the column as 'Annual Salary'.","translation":"يمكننا استخدام الاسم المستعار لإعادة تسمية العمود باسم 'الراتب السنوي'.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The 'Annual Salary' will not be added as a new column in the database table.","translation":"لن تتم إضافة 'الراتب السنوي' كعمود جديد في جدول قاعدة البيانات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"If an aliased column name has space, it should be enclosed in quotes.","translation":"إذا كان لاسم العمود المستعار مسافة، فيجب إحاطته بعلامات اقتباس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"SQL shows all the data retrieved through query as output by default.","translation":"يعرض SQL جميع البيانات التي تم استرجاعها من خلال الاستعلام كإخراج افتراضيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The DISTINCT clause returns records without repetition.","translation":"تعيد عبارة DISTINCT السجلات دون تكرار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"To display unique department numbers, we use DISTINCT.","translation":"لعرض أرقام الأقسام الفريدة، نستخدم DISTINCT.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The WHERE clause is used to retrieve data that meet specified conditions.","translation":"تُستخدم عبارة WHERE لاسترجاع البيانات التي تفي بشروط معينة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The condition to select the employee is specified using the WHERE clause.","translation":"يتم تحديد شرط تحديد الموظف باستخدام عبارة WHERE.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The column DeptId is of string type, its values are enclosed in quotes.","translation":"العمود DeptId من النوع string، ويتم تضمين قيمه بين علامات اقتباس.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"We can also use other relational operators in the WHERE clause.","translation":"يمكننا أيضًا استخدام عوامل تشغيل علائقية أخرى في عبارة WHERE.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Logical operators AND, OR, and NOT are used with WHERE clause.","translation":"تُستخدم عوامل التشغيل المنطقية AND و OR و NOT مع عبارة WHERE.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Display all employees who are earning more than 5000 and work in department D04.","translation":"اعرض جميع الموظفين الذين يكسبون أكثر من 5000 ويعملون في القسم D04.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The query displays records of all the employees except Aaliya.","translation":"يعرض الاستعلام سجلات جميع الموظفين باستثناء Aaliya.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The query displays name and department number of employees earning between 20000 and 50000.","translation":"يعرض الاستعلام اسم ورقم قسم الموظفين الذين يكسبون ما بين 20000 و 50000.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The BETWEEN operator defines the range of values.","translation":"يحدد عامل التشغيل BETWEEN نطاق القيم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The query displays details of employees working in DeptId D01, D02 or D04.","translation":"يعرض الاستعلام تفاصيل الموظفين الذين يعملون في DeptId D01 أو D02 أو D04.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}

ar/India-Physical-Environment-XI_indic_translation.jsonl

@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-{"en":"India's territorial limit extends to 12 nautical miles from the coast.","translation":"تمتد الحدود الإقليمية للهند إلى 12 ميلًا بحريًا من الساحل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Himalayas act as a formidable physical barrier.","translation":"تعتبر جبال الهيمالايا بمثابة حاجز مادي هائل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Indian subcontinent includes countries like Pakistan and Nepal.","translation":"تشمل شبه القارة الهندية دولًا مثل باكستان ونيبال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"India is located in the south-central part of Asia.","translation":"تقع الهند في الجزء الجنوبي الأوسط من قارة آسيا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The size of India has endowed her with great physical diversity.","translation":"لقد منحت الهند حجمها تنوعًا فيزيائيًا كبيرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Himalayas are a climatic and cultural divide.","translation":"جبال الهيمالايا هي فاصل مناخي وثقافي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Peninsular plateau is one of the oldest landmasses of India.","translation":"هضبة شبه الجزيرة هي واحدة من أقدم الكتل الأرضية في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain was originally a geo-synclinal depression.","translation":"كان سهل إندوس-غانغا-براهما بوترا في الأصل منخفضًا جيولوجيًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Peninsular Block is formed by ancient gneisses and granites.","translation":"يتكون الكتلة شبه الجزيرية من صخور النايس والجرانيت القديمة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Himalayas are subjected to exogenic and endogenic forces.","translation":"تخضع جبال الهيمالايا لقوى خارجية وداخلية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Indian plate moved northward, impacting the subcontinent.","translation":"تحركت الصفيحة الهندية شمالًا، مما أثر على شبه القارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The standard meridian of India is 82°30' E.","translation":"خط الطول القياسي للهند هو 82 درجة و 30 دقيقة شرقًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The time difference between easternmost and westernmost parts is nearly two hours.","translation":"الفرق الزمني بين أقصى الشرق وأقصى الغرب هو ساعتان تقريبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Peninsular plateau has undergone recurrent phases of upliftment and submergence.","translation":"خضعت هضبة شبه الجزيرة لمراحل متكررة من الرفع والانغمار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The rivers of the Peninsular plateau are shallow with low gradients.","translation":"أنهار هضبة شبه الجزيرة ضحلة ذات انحدارات منخفضة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The northern plains are formed by alluvial deposits.","translation":"تشكل السهول الشمالية بواسطة الرواسب الغرينية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Great Indian Desert is also known as Marusthali.","translation":"تُعرف الصحراء الهندية العظمى أيضًا باسم ماروستاثالي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Himalayas are a physical barrier.","translation":"جبال الهيمالايا حاجز مادي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"India has a long coastline.","translation":"الهند لديها ساحل طويل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Indian Standard Time is ahead of Greenwich Mean Time by 5 hours and 30 minutes.","translation":"التوقيت الهندي القياسي يسبق توقيت غرينتش بـ 5 ساعات و 30 دقيقة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The approximate age of the wood-fossils is estimated to be 180 million years.","translation":"يقدر عمر الأحافير الخشبية بحوالي 180 مليون سنة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Due to extreme arid conditions, its surface features have been carved by physical weathering and wind actions.","translation":"بسبب الظروف القاحلة الشديدة، تم نحت معالم سطحه بفعل التجوية الفيزيائية وحركة الرياح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Some of the well pronounced desert land features present here are mushroom rocks, shifting dunes and oasis.","translation":"بعض معالم الأراضي الصحراوية البارزة هنا هي الصخور الفطرية والكثبان الرملية المتحركة والواحات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Most of the rivers in this region are ephemeral.","translation":"معظم الأنهار في هذه المنطقة مؤقتة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Low precipitation and high evaporation makes it a water deficit region.","translation":"هطول الأمطار المنخفض والتبخر المرتفع يجعله منطقة تعاني من نقص المياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The lakes and the playas have brackish water which is the main source of obtaining salt.","translation":"تحتوي البحيرات والسبخات على مياه مالحة وهي المصدر الرئيسي للحصول على الملح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India has a long coastline.","translation":"تمتلك الهند ساحلًا طويلًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The western coastal plains are an example of submerged coastal plain.","translation":"السهول الساحلية الغربية مثال على السهل الساحلي المغمور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Kandla, Mazagaon, etc. are some of the important natural ports located along the west coast.","translation":"كاندلا ومازاغون وما إلى ذلك هي بعض الموانئ الطبيعية الهامة الواقعة على طول الساحل الغربي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The western coastal plains are narrow in the middle and get broader towards north and south.","translation":"السهول الساحلية الغربية ضيقة في المنتصف وتتسع باتجاه الشمال والجنوب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Malabar coast has got certain distinguishing features in the form of ‘Kayals’ (backwaters).","translation":"يتميز ساحل مالابار ببعض الميزات المميزة في شكل 'كايال' (المياه الخلفية).","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Every year the famous Nehru Trophy Vallamkali (boat race) is held in Punnamada Kayal in Kerala.","translation":"تقام كل عام سباق القوارب الشهير نهرو تروفي فالامكالي في بونامادا كايال في ولاية كيرالا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The eastern coastal plain is broader and is an example of an emergent coast.","translation":"السهل الساحلي الشرقي أوسع وهو مثال على الساحل الناشئ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The continental shelf extends up to 500 km into the sea.","translation":"يمتد الجرف القاري إلى 500 كيلومتر في البحر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"There are two major island groups in India – one in the Bay of Bengal and the other in the Arabian Sea.","translation":"هناك مجموعتان رئيسيتان من الجزر في الهند - واحدة في خليج البنغال والأخرى في بحر العرب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The entire group of island is divided into two broad categories – the Andaman in the north and the Nicobar in the south.","translation":"تنقسم المجموعة الكاملة من الجزر إلى فئتين عريضتين - أندامان في الشمال ونيكوبار في الجنوب.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They are separated by a waterbody which is called the Ten degree channel.","translation":"يفصل بينهما مسطح مائي يسمى قناة العشر درجات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Barren island, the only active volcano in India is also situated in the Nicobar islands.","translation":"تقع جزيرة بارين، وهي البركان النشط الوحيد في الهند، أيضًا في جزر نيكوبار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The coastal line has some coral deposits, and beautiful beaches.","translation":"يحتوي الخط الساحلي على بعض الرواسب المرجانية ��الشواطئ الجميلة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"On 26 December 2004, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands experienced one of the most devasting natural calamity.","translation":"في 26 ديسمبر 2004، شهدت جزر أندامان ونيكوبار واحدة من أكثر الكوارث الطبيعية تدميراً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) can forecast the possible behaviour of monsoons on the basis of 16 indicators.","translation":"يمكن لإدارة الأرصاد الجوية الهندية (IMD) التنبؤ بالسلوك المحتمل للرياح الموسمية على أساس 16 مؤشرًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"EI-Nino is used in India for forecasting long range monsoon rainfall.","translation":"يُستخدم ظاهرة النينيو في الهند للتنبؤ بهطول الأمطار الموسمية على المدى الطويل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The average winter rainfall in Delhi is around 53 mm.","translation":"يبلغ متوسط هطول الأمطار في فصل الشتاء في دلهي حوالي 53 ملم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Peninsular region of India, however, does not have any well-defined cold weather season.","translation":"ومع ذلك، فإن منطقة شبه الجزيرة الهندية ليس لديها موسم طقس بارد محدد جيدًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The hot weather season in south India is mild and not so intense as found in north India.","translation":"موسم الطقس الحار في جنوب الهند معتدل وليس شديدًا كما هو الحال في شمال الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These local storms are associated with violent winds, torrential rains and even hailstorms.","translation":"ترتبط هذه العواصف المحلية برياح عنيفة وأمطار غزيرة وحتى عواصف برد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The monsoon may burst in the first week of June in the coastal areas of Kerala, Karnataka, Goa and Maharashtra.","translation":"قد تنفجر الرياح الموسمية في الأسبوع الأول من شهر يونيو في المناطق الساحلية في ولايات كيرالا وكارناتاكا وغوا وماهاراشترا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"After crossing the Western Ghats, these winds descend and get heated up.","translation":"بعد عبور جبال Western Ghats، تنحدر هذه الرياح وتسخن.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Find out the rainfall at Kozhikode, Mangalore, Pune and Bengaluru and note the difference.","translation":"اكتشف هطول الأمطار في كوزيكود ومانجالور وبوني وبنغالورو ولاحظ الفرق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Bay of Bengal branch strikes the coast of Myanmar and part of southeast Bangladesh.","translation":"يضرب فرع خليج البنغال ساحل ميانمار وجزءًا من جنوب شرق بنغلاديش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Mawsynram, located on the crest of Khasi hills, receives the highest average annual rainfall in the world.","translation":"تتلقى Mawsynram، الواقعة على قمة تلال Khasi، أعلى متوسط هطول للأمطار سنويًا في العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Tamil Nadu coast is situated parallel to the Bay of Bengal branch of southwest monsoon.","translation":"يقع ساحل تاميل نادو بالتوازي مع فرع خليج البنغال من الرياح الموسمية الجنوبية الغربية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The retreating southwest monsoon season is marked by clear skies and rise in temperature.","translation":"يتميز موسم الرياح الموسمية الجنوبية الغربية المتراجعة بسماء صافية وارتفاع في درجة الحرارة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Every year cyclones bring disaster here.","translation":"تتسبب الأعاصير في حدوث كوارث هنا كل عام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In the Indian tradition, a year is divided into six two-monthly seasons.","translation":"في التقاليد الهندية، تنقسم السنة إلى ستة فصول شهرية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The average annual rainfall in India is about 125 cm, but it has great spatial variations.","translation":"يبلغ متوسط هطول الأمطار السنوي في الهند حوالي 125 سم، ولكنه يختلف اختلافًا كبيرًا من مكان إلى آخر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Monsoon is that axis around which revolves the entire agricultural cycle of India.","translation":"الرياح الموسمية هي المحور الذي تدور حوله دورة الزراعة بأكملها في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Agricultural prosperity of India depends very much on timely and adequately distributed rainfall.","translation":"تعتمد الازدهار الزراعي في الهند بشكل كبير على هطول الأمطار في الوقت المناسب وبشكل كاف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"You know that change is the law of nature.","translation":"أنت تعلم أن التغيير هو قانون الطبيعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Climatic change would promote insect-borne diseases like malaria, and lead to shift in climatic boundaries.","translation":"سيؤدي التغير المناخي إلى تعزيز الأمراض التي تنقلها الحشرات مثل الملاريا، ويؤدي إلى تحول في الحدود المناخية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The British were aware of the economic value of the forests in India.","translation":"كان البريطانيون على دراية بالقيمة الاقتصادية للغابات في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Forests were also cleared for introducing plantations of tea, rubber and coffee.","translation":"كما تم تطهير الغابات لإدخال مزارع الشاي والمطاط والقهوة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These are the most widespread forests in India.","translation":"هذه هي الغابات الأكثر انتشارًا في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"They spread over regions which receive rainfall between 70-200 cm.","translation":"تنتشر في المناطق التي تتلقى فيها الأمطار ما بين 70-200 سم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Teak, sal, shisham, hurra, mahua, amla, semul, kusum, and sandalwood etc. are the main species of these forests.","translation":"الساج، والسّال، والشيشام، والحرة، والماهوا، والأملة، والسيمول، والكوسوم، وخشب الصندل، إلخ. هي الأنواع الرئيسية لهذه الغابات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Dry deciduous forest covers vast areas of the country.","translation":"تغطي الغابات المتساقطة الجافة مساحات شاسعة من البلاد.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"As the dry season begins, the trees shed their leaves completely.","translation":"عندما يبدأ الموسم الجاف، تتساقط أوراق الأشجار بالكامل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Tropical thorn forests occur in the areas which receive rainfall less than 50 cm.","translation":"توجد غابات الشوك الاستوائية في المناطق التي تتلقى فيها الأمطار أقل من 50 سم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Important species found are babool, ber, and wild date palm, khair, neem, khejri, palas, etc.","translation":"الأنواع الهامة الموجودة هي البابول، والبير، ونخيل التمر البري، والخير، والنعيم، والكيزري، والبلاس، إلخ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"In mountainous areas, the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude leads to a corresponding change in natural vegetation.","translation":"في المناطق الجبلية، يؤدي انخفاض درجة الحرارة مع زيادة الارتفاع إلى تغيير مماثل في الغطاء النباتي الطبيعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Himalayan ranges show a succession of vegetation from the tropical to the tundra.","translation":"تُظهر سلاسل جبال الهيمالايا تعاقبًا للغطاء النباتي من المناطق الاستوائية إلى التندرا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Deciduous forests are found in the foothills of the Himalayas.","translation":"توجد الغابات المتساقطة في سفوح جبال الهيمالايا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Deodar, a highly valued endemic species grows mainly in the western part of the Himalayan range.","translation":"الديودار، وهو نوع متوطن ذو قيمة عالية، ينمو بشكل رئيسي في الجزء الغربي من سلسلة جبال الهيمالايا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"India has a rich variety of wetland habitats.","translation":"تتمتع الهند بمجموعة متنوعة غنية من موائل الأراضي الرطبة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Mangroves grow along the coasts in the salt marshes, tidal creeks, mud flats and estuaries.","translation":"تنمو أشجار المانجروف على طول السواحل في المستنقعات المالحة، والجداول المدية، والمسطحات الطينية، والمصبات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"They consist of a number of salt-tolerant species of plants.","translation":"وهي تتكون من عدد من أنواع النباتات التي تتحمل الملح.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Forests have an intricate interrelationship with life and environment.","translation":"الغابات لها علاقة متبادلة معقدة بالحياة والبيئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"According to the new forest policy, the Government will emphasise sustainable forest management.","translation":"وفقًا لسياسة الغابات الجديدة، ستؤكد الحكومة على الإدارة المستدامة للغابات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"To a vast number of tribal people, the forest is a home, a livelihood, their very existence.","translation":"بالنسبة لعدد كبير من القبائل، الغابة هي موطن، ورزق، ووجودهم ذاته.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Social forestry means the management and protection of forests and afforestation on barren lands.","translation":"تعني الغابات الاجتماعية إدارة وحماية الغابات والتشجير على الأراضي البور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The river emerges from the foothills under the name of Siang or Dihang.","translation":"يظهر النهر من سفوح التلال تحت اسم سيانغ أو ديهانغ.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"It enters India west of Sadiya town in Arunachal Pradesh.","translation":"يدخل الهند غرب مدينة ساديا في أروناتشال براديش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Flowing southwest, it receives its main left bank tributaries, viz., Dibang or Sikang and Lohit; thereafter, it is known as the Brahmaputra.","translation":"بالتدفق إلى الجنوب الغربي، يتلقى روافده الرئيسية على الضفة اليسرى، أي ديبانغ أو سيكانغ ولوهيت؛ بعد ذلك، يُعرف باسم براهمابوترا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Brahmaputra receives numerous tributaries in its 750 km long journey through the Assam valley.","translation":"يتلقى نهر براهمابوترا العديد من الروافد في رحلته التي يبلغ طولها 750 كيلومترًا عبر وادي آسام.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Its major left bank tributaries are the Burhi Dihing and Dhansari (South) whereas the important right bank tributaries are the Subansiri, Kameng, Manas and Sankosh.","translation":"روافده الرئيسية على الضفة اليسرى هي بوريهي ديهينغ و دهانساري (الجنوب) في حين أن الروافد الهامة على الضفة اليمنى هي سوبانسيري وكامينغ وماناس وسانكوش.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Subansiri which has its origin in Tibet, is an antecedent river.","translation":"نهر سوبانسيري الذي ينبع من التبت، هو نهر سابق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Brahmaputra enters into Bangladesh near Dhubri and flows southward.","translation":"يدخل نهر براهمابوترا بنغلاديش بالقرب من دهوبري ويتدفق جنوبًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"In Bangladesh, the Tista joins it on its right bank from where the river is known as the Jamuna.","translation":"في بنغلاديش، ينضم إليه نهر تيستا على ضفته اليمنى ومن هناك يُعرف النهر باسم جامونا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It finally merges with the river Padma, which falls in the Bay of Bengal.","translation":"أخيرًا يندمج مع نهر بادما، الذي يصب في خليج البنغال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Brahmaputra is well-known for floods, channel shifting and bank erosion.","translation":"يشتهر نهر براهمابوترا بالفيضانات وتغير القنوات وتآكل الضفاف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This is due to the fact that most of its tributaries are large, and bring large quantity of sediments owing to heavy rainfall in its catchment area.","translation":"ويرجع ذلك إلى حقيقة أن معظم روافده كبيرة، وتجلب كمية كبيرة من الرواسب بسبب الأمطار الغزيرة في منطقة مستجمعات المياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Peninsular drainage system is older than the Himalayan one.","translation":"نظام الصرف شبه الجزيرة أقدم من نظام الهيمالايا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"This is evident from the broad, largely-graded shallow valleys, and the maturity of the rivers.","translation":"يتضح هذا من الوديان الضحلة الواسعة والمنحدرة إلى حد كبير، ونضج الأنهار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Most of the major Peninsular rivers except Narmada and Tapi flow from west to east.","translation":"تتدفق معظم الأنهار الرئيسية في شبه الجزيرة باستثناء نارمادا وتابي من الغرب إلى الشرق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Chambal, the Sind, the Betwa, the Ken, the Son, originating in the northern part of the Peninsula belong to the Ganga river system.","translation":"تنتمي تشامبال وسند وبيتوا وكين وسون، التي تنشأ في الجزء الشمالي من شبه الجزيرة، إلى نظام نهر الغانج.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The other major river systems of the Peninsular drainage are – the Mahanadi the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri.","translation":"أنظمة الأنهار الرئيسية الأخرى في نظام الصرف شبه الجزيرة هي - ماهانادي وجودافاري وكريشنا وكافيري.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Peninsular rivers are characterised by fixed course, absence of meanders and non- perennial flow of water.","translation":"تتميز أنهار شبه الجزيرة بمسار ثابت، وعدم وجود تعرجات وتدفق غير دائم للمياه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Narmada and the Tapi which flow through the rift valley are, however, exceptions.","translation":"ومع ذلك، فإن نارمادا وتابي اللذين يتدفقان عبر الوادي المتصدع هما استثناءان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Three major geological events in the distant past have shaped the present drainage systems of Peninsular India.","translation":"شكلت ثلاثة أحداث جيولوجية رئيسية في الماضي البعيد أنظمة الصرف الحالية لشبه الجزيرة الهندية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The Mahanadi rises near Sihawa in Raipur district of Chhattisgarh and runs through Odisha to discharge its water into the Bay of Bengal.","translation":"ينبع نهر ماهانادي بالقرب من سيهوا في منطقة رايبور في ولاية تشاتيسجاره ويمر عبر أوديشا لتصريف مياهه في خليج البنغال.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"This edition is a reformatted version after carrying out the changes given above.","translation":"هذه الطبعة هي نسخة مُعاد تنسيقها بعد إجراء التغييرات المذكورة أعلاه.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The textbook development committee included professors from various universities.","translation":"تضمنت لجنة تطوير الكتب المدرسية أساتذة من جامعات مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Special thanks are due to Savita Sinha for her valuable support.","translation":"الشكر الجزيل لـ سافيتا سينها على دعمها القيم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Council is thankful to the Survey of India for Certification of Maps.","translation":"يشكر المجلس هيئة المسح الهندية على شهادة الخرائط.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The responsibility for the correctness of internal details rests with the publisher.","translation":"تقع مسؤولية صحة التفاصيل الداخلية على عاتق الناشر.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The territorial waters of India extend into the sea to a distance of twelve nautical miles.","translation":"تمتد المياه الإقليمية للهند في البحر إلى مسافة اثني عشر ميلاً بحريًا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The administrative headquarters of Chandigarh, Haryana and Punjab are at Chandigarh.","translation":"المقرات الإدارية لتشانغار، وهاريانا، وبنجاب تقع في تشانغار.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"geography","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The interstate boundaries amongst Arunachal Pradesh, Assam and Meghalaya are as interpreted from the \"North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act.1971.\"","translation":"الحدود بين الولايات بين أروناتشال براديش وأسام وميغالايا كما تم تفسيرها من قانون \"إعادة تنظيم مناطق الشمال الشرقي لعام 1971\".","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The external boundaries and coastlines of India agree with the Record/Master Copy certified by Survey of India.","translation":"تتفق الحدود الخارجية والخطوط الساحلية للهند مع النسخة الأصلية/الرئيسية المعتمدة من قبل هيئة المسح الهندية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The State boundaries between Uttaranchal and Uttar Pradesh have not been verified by the Governments concerned.","translation":"لم يتم التحقق من حدود الولاية بين أوتارانتشال وأوتار براديش من قبل الحكومات المعنية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The spellings of names in this map, have been taken from various sources.","translation":"تم أخذ تهجئة الأسماء في هذه الخريطة من مصادر مختلفة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The book includes chapters on structure, physiography, drainage system, climate, and natural vegetation.","translation":"يتضمن الكتاب فصولًا عن الهيكل، والجغرافيا الطبيعية، ونظام الصرف، والمناخ، والغطاء النباتي الطبيعي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"education","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Natural hazards and disasters are discussed in detail.","translation":"تمت مناقشة المخاطر والكوارث الطبيعية بالتفصيل.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"The Constitution of India guarantees Fundamental Rights.","translation":"يكفل دستور الهند الحقوق الأساسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Right to Equality is guaranteed before law and equal protection of laws.","translation":"يُضمن الحق في المساواة أمام القانون والحماية المتساوية للقوانين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Fundamental Rights include freedom of expression, assembly, and association.","translation":"تشمل الحقوق الأساسية حرية التعبير والتجمع وتكوين الجمعيات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The right to freedom of religion is also a fundamental right.","translation":"الحق في حرية الدين هو أيضًا حق أساسي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Cultural and Educational Rights protect the interests of minorities.","translation":"تحمي الحقوق الثقافية والتعليمية مصالح الأقليات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"The Supreme Court and High Courts can issue writs for enforcement of these Fundamental Rights.","translation":"يمكن للمحكمة العليا والمحاكم العليا إصدار أوامر لإنفاذ هذه الحقوق الأساسية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"legal","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The book provides a glossary of terms.","translation":"يوفر الكتاب مسردًا للمصطلحات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Natural Hazards are elements of circumstances in the Natural environment that have the potential to cause harm to people or property or both.","translation":"المخاطر الطبيعية هي عناصر أو ظروف في البيئة الطبيعية التي لديها القدرة على التسبب في ضرر للناس أو الممتلكات أو كليهما.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"These may be swift or permanent aspects of the respective environmental settings like currents in the oceans, steep slope and unstable structural features in the Himalayas or extreme climatic conditions in deserts or glaciated areas.","translation":"قد تكون هذه جوانب سريعة أو دائمة للإعدادات البيئية الخاصة مثل التيارات في المحيطات، والمنحدرات الشديدة والسمات الهيكلية غير المستقرة في جبال الهيمالايا أو الظروف المناخية القاسية في الصحاري أو المناطق الجليدية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"As compared to natural hazards, natural disasters are relatively sudden and cause large scale, widespread death, loss of property and disturbance to social systems and life over which people have a little or no control.","translation":"بالمقارنة مع المخاطر الطبيعية، فإن الكوارث الطبيعية مفاجئة نسبياً وتسبب نطاقاً واسعاً، ووفاة واسعة النطاق، وفقدان الممتلكات، واضطراباً في الأنظمة الاجتماعية والحياة التي لا يملك الناس عليها سوى القليل من السيطرة أو لا يملكونها على الإطلاق.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thus, any event can be classed as disaster when the magnitude of destruction and damage caused by it is very high.","translation":"وبالتالي، يمكن تصنيف أي حدث على أنه كارثة عندما تكون درجة الدمار والأضرار الناجمة عنه مرتفعة للغاية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Generally, disasters are generalised experiences of people the world over, and no two disasters are similar and comparable to each other.","translation":"بشكل عام، الكوارث هي تجارب عامة للناس في جميع أنحاء العالم، ولا تتشابه كارثتان ولا يمكن مقارنتهما ببعضهما البعض.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Every disaster is unique in terms of the local socio-environmental factors that control it, the social response it generates, and the way each social group negotiates with it.","translation":"كل كارثة فريدة من نوعها من حيث العوامل الاجتماعية والبيئية المحلية التي تتحكم فيها، والاستجابة الاجتماعية التي تولدها، والطريقة التي تتفاوض بها كل مجموعة اجتماعية معها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Firstly, the magnitude, intensity, frequency and damages caused by natural disasters have increased over the years.","translation":"أولاً، زادت درجة الكوارث الطبيعية وشدتها وتواترها والأضرار الناجمة عنها على مر السنين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Secondly, there is a growing concern among people the world over to deal with the menace created by these so that the loss of human life and property can be minimised.","translation":"ثانياً، هناك قلق متزايد بين الناس في جميع أنحاء العالم للتعامل مع التهديد الذي تسببه هذه الكوارث بحيث يمكن تقليل فقدان الأرواح والممتلكات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"And finally, significant changes have taken place in the pattern of natural disasters over the years.","translation":"وأخيراً، حدثت تغييرات كبيرة في نمط الكوارث الطبيعية على مر السنين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"There has also been a change in the perception of natural disasters and hazards.","translation":"كان هناك أيضًا تغيير في تصور الكوارث والمخاطر الطبيعية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Technological power has given large capacity to human intervention in nature.","translation":"أعطت القوة التكنولوجية قدرة كبيرة للتدخل البشري في الطبيعة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Colonisation of flood plains of most of the rivers and development of large cities and port-towns like – Mumbai and Chennai along the coast, and touching the shore due to high land values, make them vulnerable to the occurrence of cyclones, hurricanes and tsunamis.","translation":"إن استعمار السهول الفيضية لمعظم الأنهار وتطوير المدن الكبيرة والمدن الساحلية مثل مومباي وتشيناي على طول الساحل، ولمس الشاطئ بسبب ارتفاع قيم الأ��اضي، يجعلها عرضة لحدوث الأعاصير والأعاصير والتسونامي.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"These observations can also be corroborated by the data given in Table 7.1 showing the magnitude of deaths caused by twelve serious natural disasters in the past sixty years in different countries of the world.","translation":"يمكن أيضًا تأكيد هذه الملاحظات بالبيانات الواردة في الجدول 7.1 الذي يوضح حجم الوفيات الناجمة عن اثنتي عشرة كارثة طبيعية خطيرة في الستين عامًا الماضية في مختلف دول العالم.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"It is evident from the table that natural disasters have caused widespread loss of life and property.","translation":"يتضح من الجدول أن الكوارث الطبيعية تسببت في خسائر واسعة النطاق في الأرواح والممتلكات.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Concerted efforts are on at various levels to take appropriate measures to deal with the situation.","translation":"تبذل جهود منسقة على مستويات مختلفة لاتخاذ التدابير المناسبة للتعامل مع الوضع.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is also being felt that the damages caused by natural disasters have global repercussions that are beyond the means and capabilities of individual nation-states to cope up with.","translation":"ويشعر أيضًا بأن الأضرار الناجمة عن الكوارث الطبيعية لها تداعيات عالمية تتجاوز قدرات وإمكانيات الدول القومية الفردية للتعامل معها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Hence, this issue was raised at the U. N. General Assembly in 1989 and it was finally formalised at the World Conference on Disaster Management in May 1994 at Yokohama, Japan.","translation":"وبالتالي، أثيرت هذه القضية في الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة عام 1989 وتمت صياغتها رسميًا في المؤتمر العالمي لإدارة الكوارث في مايو 1994 في يوكوهاما، اليابان.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Human beings the world over have experienced disasters and have faced and lived with them.","translation":"لقد عانى البشر في جميع أنحاء العالم من الكوارث وواجهوها وعاشوا معها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Now people are becoming aware and various steps have been initiated at different levels for mitigating the effects of disasters.","translation":"الآن أصبح الناس على دراية وبدأت خطوات مختلفة على مستويات مختلفة للتخفيف من آثار الكوارث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Identification and classification of disasters is being considered as an effective and scientific step to deal promptly and efficiently with the disasters.","translation":"يُنظر إلى تحديد وتصنيف الكوارث على أنه خطوة فعالة وعلمية للتعامل بسرعة وكفاءة مع الكوارث.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"About 30 per cent of the country’s total area is identified as drought prone affecting around 50 million people.","translation":"يتم تحديد حوالي 30 في المائة من إجمالي مساحة البلاد على أنها عرضة للجفاف، مما يؤثر على حوالي 50 مليون شخص.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"It is a common experience that while some parts of the country reel under floods, there are regions that face severe drought during the same period.","translation":"من التجربة الشائعة أنه في حين تعاني بعض أجزاء البلاد من الفيضانات، هناك مناطق تواجه جفافًا شديدًا خلال نفس الفترة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"This is mainly because of the large-scale variations and unpredictability in the behaviour of the monsoon in India.","translation":"ويرجع ذلك أساسًا إلى الاختلافات واسعة النطاق وعدم القدرة على التنبؤ بسلوك الرياح الموسمية في الهند.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Thus, droughts are widespread and common phenomena in most parts of the country, but these are most recurrent and severe in some and not so in others.","translation":"وبالتالي، فإن حالات الجفاف واسعة الانتشار وظاهرة شائعة في معظم أنحاء البلاد، ولكنها تتكرر وتشتد في بعض المناطق وليست كذلك في مناطق أخرى.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Extreme Drought Affected Areas : It is evident from the Figure 6.7 that most parts of Rajasthan, particularly areas to the west of the Aravali hills, i.e. Marusthali and Kachchh regions of Gujarat fall in this category.","translation":"المناطق المتأثرة بالجفاف الشديد: يتضح من الشكل 6.7 أن معظم أجزاء ولاية راجستان، وخاصة المناطق الواقعة غرب تلال أرافالي، أي مناطق ماروستاالي وكاشش في ولاية غوجارات تقع ضمن هذه الفئة.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Included here are also the districts like Jaisalmer and Barmer from the Indian desert that receive less that 90 mm average annual rainfall.","translation":"يشمل ذلك أيضًا مقاطعات مثل جايسالمر وبارمر من الصحراء الهندية التي تتلقى أقل من 90 ملم من متوسط الأمطار السنوية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Severe Drought Prone Area : Parts of eastern Rajasthan, most parts of Madhya Pradesh, eastern parts of Maharashtra, interior parts of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka Plateau, northern parts of interior Tamil Nadu and southern parts of Jharkhand and interior Odisha are included in this category.","translation":"المنطقة المعرضة للجفاف الشديد: تشمل هذه الفئة أجزاء من شرق ولاية راجستان، ومعظم أجزاء ولاية ماديا براديش، والأجزاء الشرقية من ولاية ماهاراشترا، والأجزاء الداخلية من ولاية أندرا براديش وهضبة كارناتاكا، والأجزاء الشمالية من المناطق الداخلية من ولاية تاميل نادو والأجزاء الجنوبية من ولاية جهارخاند والمناطق الداخلية من ولاية أوديشا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Moderate Drought Affected Area : Northern parts of Rajasthan, Haryana, southern districts of Uttar Pradesh, the remaining parts of Gujarat, Maharashtra except Konkan, Jharkhand and Coimbatore plateau of Tamil Nadu and interior Karnataka are included in this category.","translation":"المنطقة المتأثرة بالجفاف المعتدل: تشمل هذه الفئة الأجزاء الشمالية من ولاية راجستان، وهاريانا، والمقاطعات الجنوبية من ولاية أوتار براديش، والأجزاء المتبقية من ولاية غوجارات، وماهاراشترا باستثناء كونكان، وجهارخاند وهضبة كوينباتور في ولاية تاميل نادو والمناطق الداخلية من ولاية كارناتاكا.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"The remaining parts of India can be considered either free or less prone to the drought.","translation":"يمكن اعتبار الأجزاء المتبقية من الهند إما خالية من الجفاف أو أقل عرضة له.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Crop failure leading to scarcity of food grains (akal), fodder (trinkal), inadequate rainfall, resulting in shortage of water (jalkal), and often shortage in all the three (trikal) is most devastating.","translation":"إن فشل المحاصيل الذي يؤدي إلى ندرة الحبوب الغذائية (أكال)، والأعلاف (ترينكال)، وعدم كفاية هطول الأمطار، مما يؤدي إلى نقص المياه (جالكال)، وغالبًا ما يكون هناك نقص في جميع المواد الثلاث (تريكال) هو الأكثر تدميراً.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Large-scale death of cattle and other animals, migration of humans and livestock are the most common sight to be seen in the drought- affected areas.","translation":"تعتبر الوفاة على نطاق واسع للماشية والحيوانات الأخرى، وهجرة البشر والماشية، هي المنظر الأكثر شيوعًا الذي يمكن رؤيته في المناطق المتأثرة بالجفاف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"news","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Scarcity of water compels people to consume contaminated water resulting in spread of many waterborne diseases like gastro-enteritis, cholera, hepatitis, etc.","translation":"إن ندرة المياه تجبر الناس على استهلاك المياه الملوثة مما يؤدي إلى انتشار العديد من الأمراض التي تنتقل عن طريق المياه مثل التهاب المعدة والأمعاء والكوليرا والتهاب الكبد وغيرها.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Droughts have both immediate as well as long-term disastrous consequences on the social and physical environments.","translation":"لجفاف له عواقب وخيمة فورية وطويلة الأجل على البيئات الاجتماعية والمادية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Consequently, planning for drought has to take both aspects into consideration.","translation":"وبالتالي، يجب أن تأخذ خطط مكافحة الجفاف في الاعتبار كلا الجانبين.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Provision for the distribution of safe drinking water, medicines for the victims and availability of fodder and water for the cattle and shifting of the people and their livestock to safer places, etc. are some steps that need to be taken immediately.","translation":"إن توفير توزيع مياه الشرب الآمنة والأدوية للضحايا وتوافر الأعلاف والمياه للماشية ونقل الناس وماشيتهم إلى أماكن أكثر أمانًا وما إلى ذلك، هي بعض الخطوات التي يجب اتخاذها على الفور.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Identification of ground water potential in the form of aquifers, transfer of river water from the surplus to the deficit areas, and particularly planning for inter-linking of rivers and construction of reservoirs and dams, etc. should be given a serious thought.","translation":"يجب إيلاء اهتمام جاد لتحديد إمكانات المياه الجوفية في شكل طبقات المياه الجوفية، ونقل مياه الأنهار من المناطق الفائضة إلى المناطق التي تعاني من العجز، والتخطيط بشكل خاص للربط بين الأنهار وبناء الخزانات والسدود وما إلى ذلك.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"complex"}
-{"en":"Remote sensing and satellite imageries can be useful in identifying the possible river-basins that can be inter-linked and in identifying the ground water potential.","translation":"يمكن أن تكون الاستشعار عن بعد وصور الأقمار الصناعية مفيدة في تحديد أحواض الأنهار المحتملة التي يمكن ربطها وتحديد إمكانات المياه الجوفية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Dissemination of knowledge about drought-resistant crops and proper training to practise the same can be some of the long-term measures that will be helpful in drought-mitigation.","translation":"يمكن أن يكون نشر المعرفة حول المحاصيل المقاومة للجفاف والتدريب المناسب على ممارستها بعض التدابير طويلة الأجل التي ستكون مفيدة في التخفيف من آثار الجفاف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"moderate"}
-{"en":"Rainwater harvesting can also be an effective method in minimising the effects of drought.","translation":"يمكن أن يكون حصاد مياه الأمطار أيضًا طريقة فعالة في تقليل آثار الجفاف.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"technical","complexity":"simple"}
-{"en":"Observe the methods adopted for roof- top rainwater harvesting in your locality and suggest measures to make it more effective.","translation":"راقب الأساليب المعتمدة لحصاد مياه الأمطار من أسطح المنازل في منطقتك واقترح تدابير لجعلها أكثر فعالية.","target_lang":"ar","domain":"general","complexity":"moderate"}